... class now supports the methods openProxySession(), to create a proxy session, and isProxySession(), which returns true if the current session is a proxy session, false otherwise Native XA support ... "Datasources and URLs"—Discusses connecting applications to databases using JDBC datasources, as well as the URLs that describe databases Chapter 4, "Basic Features"—Covers the basic steps in ... parameters, privileges, datatypes, RMAN keywords, SQL keywords, SQL*Plus or utility commands, packages and methods, as well as system-supplied column names, database objects and structures, usernames,...
... 5-6 MDSYS.CS_SRS Table 6-9 MDSYS.SDO_ANGLE_UNITS Table 6-12 MDSYS.SDO_DATUMS Table 6-13 MDSYS.SDO_ELLIPSOIDS Table 6-15 MDSYS.SDO_PROJECTIONS Table ... Oracle Spatial User s Guide and Reference Data Model Self-crossing polygons are not supported, although self-crossing line strings are supported If a line string crosses itself, it does not become ... still need to specify MDSYS for the Spatial index type (CREATE INDEX INDEXTYPE IS MDSYS.SPATIAL_INDEX) and for Spatial tables (such as the MDSYS.SDO_DIST_UNITS table) xxxvi DBA_SDO_xxx Views...
... procedure ESET (see index) 42 COMPUTING SYSTEMS WITH COSY 3.3.9 Glass Lenses and Mirrors COSY INFINITY also allows the computation of higher order effects of general glass optical systems At the present ... ; (Suppresses the types of the elements) , • LAX = ; (Suppresses the numbers describing the size of the system) These options can become important when graphic output of huge machines is desired ... following sections, and we think that it is possible to write most COSY inputs without explicitly consulting the language reference 15 Computing Systems with COSY This section describes some core...
... installation It must be running to enable web-based iSQL*Plus sessions See Starting the iSQL*Plus Application Server on page 4-11 Starting iSQL*Plus To start an iSQL*Plus session Enter the iSQL*Plus ... identifiers, as well as user-supplied database objects and structures, column names, packages and classes, usernames and roles, program units, and parameter values Enter sqlplus to open SQL*Plus UPPERCASE ... SQL keywords, SQL*Plus or utility commands, packages and methods, as well as system-supplied column names, database objects and structures, usernames, and roles You can specify this clause only...
... process PL/SQL blocks and subprograms as well as single SQL statements The Oracle server passes the blocks and subprograms to its local PL/SQL engine Anonymous Blocks Anonymous PL/SQL blocks can ... PL/SQL programs Chapter 2, "Fundamentals" This chapter focuses on the small-scale aspects of PL/SQL It discusses lexical units, scalar datatypes, user-defined subtypes, data conversion, expressions, ... the discussion were left out lower case Lower case is used for names of constants, variables, cursors, exceptions, subprograms, and packages UPPER CASE Upper case is used for keywords, names of...
... "Fundamentals of the PL/SQL Language" Focuses on the small-scale aspects of PL/SQL: lexical units, scalar datatypes, user-defined subtypes, data conversion, expressions, assignments, block structure, ... the Oracle database server processes PL/SQL blocks and subprograms Anonymous Blocks Anonymous PL/SQL blocks can be submitted to interactive tools such as SQL*Plus and Enterprise Manager, or embedded ... indicates placeholders or variables for which you must supply particular values CONNECT SYSTEM/system_password Uppercase typeface indicates elements supplied by the system We show these terms in...
... section: s Introduction s Learning SQL*Plus Basics s Manipulating Commands s Formatting Query Results s Database Administration s Accessing SQL Databases Introduction This chapter introduces you to SQL*Plus, ... or slash (/) A semicolon (;) will not execute these SQL commands as it does other SQL commands SQL*Plus sends the complete PL/SQL subprogram to Oracle for processing (as it does SQL commands) See ... operating system 1-8 SQL*Plus User s Guide and Reference Learning SQL*Plus Basics This chapter helps you learn the basics of using SQL*Plus, including the following topics: s Getting Started s Entering...
... database"); String user; String password; String database; user = readEntry("user: "); int slash_index = user.indexOf('/'); if (slash_index != -1) { password = user.substring(slash_index + 1); user = user.substring(0, ... and Password The following code sets the URL, user name, and password for a data source: OracleDataSource ods = new OracleDataSource(); ods.setURL(url); ods.setUser(user); ods.setPassword(password); ... runs on the database server and accesses the same session That is, the code runs and accesses data from a single Oracle session Figure 1–1 illustrates the architecture of the Oracle JDBC drivers...
... as lexical units, scalar datatypes, user-defined subtypes, data conversion, expressions, assignments, block structure, declarations, and scope Chapter 3, "PL/SQL Datatypes" Discusses PL/SQL 's ... program, such as SQL*Plus, to read and display the data passed to DBMS_OUTPUT SQL*Plus does not display DBMS_OUTPUT data unless you first issue the SQL*Plus command SET SERVEROUTPUT ON as follows: SET ... identifiers, user-supplied database objects and structures, column names, packages and classes, usernames and roles, program units, and parameter values Enter sqlplus to start SQL*Plus UPPERCASE monospace...
... reports or making copies of records and files • the lawyer s travel costs (such as those incurred taking depositions of distant witnesses) • extra communications costs, such as long-distance ... your money This icon alerts you to the danger of high lawyer fees and lawsuit expenses that can easily pile up These sidebars also suggest some ways to cut your legal costs As discussed at each ... the client And the losing side in a lawsuit usually has to pay the winning side s lawsuit costs Those amounts spent by a lawyer that are not official lawsuit costs are considered “expenses” that...
... reports or making copies of records and files • the lawyer s travel costs (such as those incurred taking depositions of distant witnesses) • extra communications costs, such as long-distance ... your money This icon alerts you to the danger of high lawyer fees and lawsuit expenses that can easily pile up These sidebars also suggest some ways to cut your legal costs As discussed at each ... the client And the losing side in a lawsuit usually has to pay the winning side s lawsuit costs Those amounts spent by a lawyer that are not official lawsuit costs are considered “expenses” that...
... "What 's the idea of two boilings?" asked James "I suppose it must be to take all the bitterness out of the skin at the same time that it is getting soft." "Does this have to stand over night?" "Yes, ... queer, some of the combinations would be perfectly hideous in a dress but they look all right in Nature 's dress." "We'll send for some catalogues and order a lot." seedsmen 's "I suppose you don't ... and there was a great putting on of heavy coats and overshoes and mittens CHAPTER II A SNOW MAN AND SEED CATALOGUES The snow was of just the right dampness to make snowballs, and a snow man, after...
... programs Chapter 2, "Fundamentals" This chapter focuses on the small-scale aspects of PL/SQL It discusses lexical units, scalar datatypes, user-defined subtypes, data conversion, expressions, assignments, ... process PL/SQL blocks and subprograms as well as single SQL statements The Oracle server passes the blocks and subprograms to its local PL/SQL engine Anonymous Blocks Anonymous PL/SQL blocks can ... which can span multiple lines An ellipsis shows that statements or clauses irrelevant to the discussion were left out lower case Lower case is used for names of constants, variables, cursors, exceptions,...
... Get system time as seconds past midnight */ SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,’SSSSS’) INTO start_time FROM sys.dual; something /* Get system time again */ SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,’SSSSS’) INTO finish_time ... Subtypes Each PL/SQL base type specifies a set of values and a set of operations applicable to items of that type Subtypes specify the same set of operations as their base type but only a subset ... create synonyms for items declared within subprograms or packages That includes constants, variables, cursors, cursor variables, exceptions, and packaged subprograms Scoping Within the same scope,...
... acid_test (figs FiguresRec) RETURN REAL IS BEGIN SELECT cash, notes, INTO sub1_figs FROM assets, liabilities WHERE assets.sub = AND liabilities.sub = 1; SELECT cash, notes, INTO sub2_figs FROM assets, ... also learn how to manage cursors, use cursor variables, and process transactions Major Topics SQL Support Managing Cursors Packaging Cursors Using Cursor FOR Loops Using Cursor Variables Using ... PL/SQL executes the assignment statement only if element i exists: IF courses.EXISTS(i) THEN courses(i) := new_course; END IF; When passed an out-of-range subscript, EXISTS returns FALSE instead...
... and dynamic_string is a string expression that represents a multi-row query Note: This section discusses the static SQL case, in which select_statement is used For the dynamic SQL case, in which ... ends previous transaction SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; SELECT SUM(amt) INTO daily_sales FROM sales WHERE dte = SYSDATE; SELECT SUM(amt) INTO weekly_sales FROM sales WHERE dte > SYSDATE - 7; SELECT ... jobs or tasks that Oracle manages are called sessions A user session is started when you run an application program or an Oracle tool and connect to Oracle To allow user sessions to work "simultaneously"...
... never shared with slave sessions Each slave session has its own state, which is initialized when the session begins The function result should not depend on the state of session (static) variables ... transaction control statements (such as COMMIT), session control statements (such as SET ROLE), or system control statements (such as ALTER SYSTEM) Also, it cannot execute DDL statements (such as ... own sales tables Figure 7–3 Invoker-Rights Solution Schema WEST Schema HQ Schema EAST analyze (IR) sales 7-30 PL/SQL User s Guide and Reference sales Invoker Rights versus Definer Rights To restrict...
... PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES (DEFAULT, RNDS,WNDS,RNPS,WNPS) ); PL/SQL does not allow the overloading of operators So, you must define methods named plus(), less() (the word minus is reserved), times(), ... is an area of memory used by one process to pass information to another.) You can use the procedures pack_message and send_message to pack a message into a pipe, then send it to another session ... 8-8 PL/SQL User s Guide and Reference Some Examples Some Examples Consider the package below named emp_actions The package spec declares the following types, items, and subprograms: s types EmpRecTyp...
... consists of a single variable For the syntax of expression, see "Expressions" on page 11-67 When the assignment statement is executed, the expression is evaluated and the resulting value is stored ... pass the names of schema objects to a dynamic SQL statement Instead, you must embed parameters in the dynamic string, then pass the names of schema objects to those parameters Native Dynamic SQL ... INVALID_CURSOR Closing the Cursor Variable The CLOSE statement disables a cursor variable After that, the associated result set is undefined The syntax follows: CLOSE {cursor_variable | :host_cursor_variable};...
... sessions of parallel DML evaluations The state of a main (logon) session is never shared with slave sessions Each slave session has its own state, which is initialized when the session begins ... expression Boolean expression character expression character expression date expression date expression numeric expression numeric expression Related Topics Assignment Statement, Constants and ... expression, PL/SQL evaluates the parenthesized expression first, then uses the result in the larger expression When parenthesized expressions are nested, PL/SQL evaluates the innermost expression first and...