cell animal biological applications of hybrid nanoparticles
nanophotonics with surface plasmons, 2007, p.341
... microscope image of the intensity distribution of fundamental LRSPP mode at the output facet of the stripe waveguide excited at the wavelength of 1.55 mm 1, y 2] Fundamentals of long-range surface ... Fabrication of LRSPP stripe waveguides involved spin coating of a silicon substrate (400 or 600 ) with a layer of polymer BCB having a thickness of 1315 mm and then with a layer of UV resist ... exhibited the rise/fall times of o0.5 ms for the 1, y 5] In-line extinction modulators 25 Output optical power (arb units) Pappl = 36 mW on-off off-on Pappl = 53 mW on-off off-on 2 10 12 14 16 18 Time...
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Fabrication and characterization of semiconductor nanowires for thermoelectric application 3
... pumped down to a base pressure of 0.01 mbar to minimize the presence of unintended contaminating gases such as H2O and O2 A counter-flow of Argon (Ar) gas, at a flow rate of 150 sccm, was then introduced ... (SEM) is a type of microscope that uses a beam of high energy electrons to image a sample by scanning it in a raster scan manner The interaction of the electrons with the atoms of the sample produces ... part of the metal on the features would be washed off during liftoff If the metal on the feature area is connected with the surrounding metal on PMMA, there will be problems for successful liftoff...
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Design, fabrication, and characterization of a solenoidsystem to generate magnetic field for an ECR proton source
... by the ECR community for the extraction of singly charged ion beams The ‘2D Poisson’ software package has been used in the present work for simulation of the magnetic field pattern using solenoid ... consumption The use of jacket is to provide a return path for the magnetic field lines and thereby shield the adjacent components The use of electromagnet has wide flexibility of tuning the plasma ... conditions The use of electromagnet (instead of permanent magnets) helps one to investigate the plasma parameters to optimize the beam current A conventional ECR ion source uses the principle of adiabatic...
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fabrication and characterization of anodic titanium oxide nanotube arrays of controlled
... durations Figure shows the variation of length of TiO2 NT as a function of period of anodization (the corresponding SEM images of each datum showing the lengths of the tubes are given in the Supporting ... SEM images of ATO NT after ultrasonic cleaning: (a) top view and (b) side view The inset of (a) shows the enlarged pattern of the ATO NT arrays Figure Length of ATO NT (L) as a function of anodization ... deionized water containing a small proportion of Al2O3 particles of average size 300 nm Parts a and b of Figure show top and side views of SEM images of ATO films after ultrasonic cleaning that completely...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Fabrication and characterization of carbon-based counter electrodes prepared by electrophoretic deposition for dye-sensitized solar cells" doc
... with the objective of evaluating the electrochemical properties of the counter electrodes and the energy conversion efficiencies of cells Figure shows the Bode phase plots of the DSSCs with graphenes, ... cells were illuminated using a solar simulator (PEC-L01, Peccell Technologies, Inc., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan) under AM 1.5 (100 mW/cm2) irradiation The energy conversion efficiency of the cells ... with a bias illumination of 100 mW/cm2 under an open-circuit condition and in a frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 100 KHz Results and discussion Figure shows the FE-SEM images of deposited (a) graphenes,...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Fabrication and characterization of carbon-based counter electrodes prepared by electrophoretic deposition for dye-sensitized solar cells" pot
... with the objective of evaluating the electrochemical properties of the counter electrodes and the energy conversion efficiencies of cells Figure shows the Bode phase plots of the DSSCs with graphenes, ... cells were illuminated using a solar simulator (PEC-L01, Peccell Technologies, Inc., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan) under AM 1.5 (100 mW/cm2) irradiation The energy conversion efficiency of the cells ... with a bias illumination of 100 mW/cm2 under an open-circuit condition and in a frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 100 KHz Results and discussion Figure shows the FE-SEM images of deposited (a) graphenes,...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Fabrication and characterization of well-aligned and ultra-sharp silicon nanotip array" ppt
... are drawn a lot of attention because of their promising applications in many fields such as electronics, microscopy, nanolithography, and biology [1-3] More recently, application of nanotip in ... the point of view of etch probability Based on the observation results in Table 1, we propose a formation model of the ultra-sharp nanotip array Figure shows the schematic representation of nanotip ... characteristics of nanotips were measured at room temperature Figure 3a shows the typical FE curves of the pyramid-like tip and sharpened nanotip Inset of Figure 3a displays the real-time SEM images of the...
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Design, fabrication and characterization of thin film materials for heterojunction silicon wafer solar cells
... fraction for front emitter cells (left) and for rear emitter cells (right) Four solar cell structures are compared: hybrid( a-Si) cells, hybrid( µc-Si) cells, conventional diffused cells, and conventional ... a diffused solar cell efficiency of 22.7 % and a heterojunction solar cell efficiency of 23.0 %) ix List of Tables Table 2.1 Cell efficiencies for heterojunction silicon solar cells from various ... Comparison of hybrid solar cells to diffused solar cells 125 6.2.2.1 Analysis of open-circuit voltage 129 6.2.2.2 Analysis of short-circuit current 132 6.2.2.3 Analysis of fill...
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Large area plasmonic nanostructures design, fabrication and characterization by laser
... Figure 1.6 SEM images of gold nanoparticles obtained through the dewetting of continuous films at the thicknesses of (a) 16 and (b) 24 nm, respectively [38] SEM images of gold nanoparticles obtained ... electron mass Imaginary part of the metal dielectric function Total number of particles Permittivity of the metal Real density of the nanoparticles xxvii Refractive index of the surrounding media ... layer at wavelengths of 695 and 905 nm, respectively [34] 1.1.2 Overview of nanofabrication techniques for plasmonic nanostructures The development of nanofabrication techniques offers the ability...
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2D and 3d terahertz metamaterials design, fabrication and characterization
... Figure SEM images of the fabricated metamaterials with a unit cell consisting of (a) SRRs of the same core size, (b) SRRs of the same antenna gap size, (c) Hybrid design at core sizes of 24, 28, 32 ... Table of Contents Acknowledgements I Table of Contents II Summary VI List of Figures VIII List of Table XIII List of ... DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2011 Acknowledgements I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation and gratitude to my supervisors, Prof Hong Minghui and Prof...
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Fabrication and characterization of advanced ALGaNGaN high electron mobility transistors
... spacing LGD of m achieved a breakdown voltage VBR of 800 V and an on-state resistance Ron of mcm2 In addition, sub-threshold swing S of ~ 97 mV/decade and current on/off, Ion/Ioff, ratio of ~ 106 ... at a pressure of Torr For SiH4+NH3 treatment, the flow rates of SiH4 (mole fraction of 49.3 % and partial pressure of 2.46 Torr), NH3 (mole fraction of 50.5 % and partial pressure of 2.53 Torr), ... The calculated density of 2-DEG ns of pseudomorphic AlGaN/GaN heterosture as a function of Al content x of the AlxGa1 xN barrier layer [10] Fig 1.5 Theoretical limit of the on-state resistance...
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Fabrication and characterization of germanium photodetectors
... years i Table of Contents Acknowledgements i Summary v List of Tables vii List of Figures viii List of Symbols xi List of Abbreviations ... shift of 2.6 cm-1 which corresponds to tensile strain of 0.63% while that on SiGe buffer alone shows lower peak shift of 0.5 cm-1, corresponding to tensile strain of 0.12% Asymmetric broadening of ... 63 Fig 4.8: Schematic of responsivity measurement 64 Fig 4.9: Plot of responsivity of LPD and VPD as a function of reverse bias The 1.16 A/W responsivity of LPD corresponds to ~90%...
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Fabrication and characterization of composite membranes for gas separation
... Thickness of a membrane selective layer (cm) l Effective length of the modules (cm), lI Void thickness of the inferface voids of mixed matrix membrane (Å) lφ Thickness of rigidified region of mixed ... morphology of different skins of the dual-layer hollow fibers 101 Fig 4.8 The SEM images of the outer skin of the inner layer (PES) of dual-layer hollow fibers spun with an air gap of 1.5 ... diffusivity (m2/s) dp/dt Change of pressure with time in the downstream chamber of the permeation cell (mmHg/s) d Diameter of gas molecules (Å) d Average d-space (Å) dg Diameter of the gas molecule (Å)...
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Fabrication and characterization of luminescent silicon nanocrystal films
... roughness of the SiOx films as a function of the flow ratio R 88 Fig 4.7 IR spectra of the as-deposited SiOx films at different flow ratios of R 90 Fig 4.8 IR spectra of the SiOx ... biomedicine In the size regime of nanometers, the structure and properties of Si NCs differ dramatically from those of the bulk The area of Si NCs is currently one of the most active frontiers ... properties of the PS as LEDs However, there are still some difficulties for the applications of the PS As the PS is formed by electrochemical anodization of crystalline (c-) Si in hydrofluoric...
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Fabrication and characterization of memory devices based on organic polymer materials
... supports and understanding over the years I TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF SYMBOLS CHAPTER Introduction I II VI VIII IX ... Schematic structure of a conventional floating gate flash memory cell Figure 1.4: Schematic structure of a nanocrystal flash memory cell Figure 1.5: Schematic illustrating the mechanism of a FeRAM 11 ... operation mode of a MRAM memory 12 Figure 1.7: Schematic cross-section of a PCM cell The active region is adjacent to the GST-heater interface 13 Figure 1.8: Basic cell structure of an electrical...
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Fabrication and characterization of nanostructured half metals and diluted magnetic semiconductors
... Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements i Table of contents iii Abstract viii List of tables xi List of figures xii Nomenclature xxii Acronyms xxiv List of publications xxvi Chapter ... unit cell of inverse spinal structure A and B sites 28 are tetrahedral and octahedral position, respectively [Ref 1] FIG 2.2 Schematic representation of the formation of antiphase 33 boundaries of ... fabrication process of Fe3O4 36 nanowires FIG 2.6 FIB images of Fe3O4 nanoconstrictions with a width of (a) 150 36 nm and (b) 80 nm, and a length of µm FIG 2.7 XRD pattern of Fe3O4 thin films...
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Fabrication and characterization of the ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes
... and Applications of Nanofiltration Membranes 15 1.2.1 Nanofiltration separation mechanisms 18 1.2.2 Nanofiltration separation models 22 1.2.3 Fabrication of nanofiltration membranes ... desalination is required Nanofiltration membranes can be used to separate or adjust the ratio of mono- and multi-valent ions Major applications of nanofiltration include removal of hardness and dissolved ... and Characterization of Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration Membranes Chapter WANG KAI YU Chemical Modification of PBI Nanofiltration Membranes Applied for the Separation of Electrolytes and Pharmaceuticals...
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Fabrication and characterization of AIGaN gan HEMTs
... unit cell and thus two lattice constants, c and a It contains six atoms of each type and consists of two interpenetrating Hexagonal Close Packed sublattices, each with one type of atom, offset ... c axis by 5/8 of the cell height The zincblende structure has a unit cell containing four group III elements and four nitrogen elements The position of the atoms within the unit cell is identical ... control of the etch process We have also determined that with RIE power of 30W and ICP power of 250W, AlGaN has an etch rate of approximately 21.27 nm/min Figure 3.3 shows the IV characteristics of...
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Fabrication and characterization of lateral spin valves
... shows the main program window of the software 30 Chapter Three: Fabrication and characterization of lateral spin valves Figure 3.7 Main program window of ELPHY software In order to align the ... understanding have helped me throughout this project i TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements i Table of contents ii Abstract vi List of Figures viii List of symbols and abbreviations xiii Chapter Introduction ... valve structures 1.4 Focus of thesis 1.5 Organization of thesis References Chapter Literature Review 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Theory of lateral spin valves 2.2.1 Theory of spin injection, detection...
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Fabrication and characterization of photonic crystals
... material of refractive index The frequencies of the allowed modes are plotted versus wave vectors in the Brillouin zone of the f.c.c lattice of Figure 1.2 Band structure of an ‘inverse’ fcc lattice of ... corresponds to the lattice of ordinary crystals composed of a regular array of atoms However, one big difference between them is the scale of the lattice constant In the case of ordinary crystals, ... function of v the wavevector k , these frequency “bands” form the band structure of the crystal Figure 1.2 shows band structure of an ‘inverse’ face-centered cubic lattice of spheres consisting of...
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