... relations embedded within GIS (Curry 199 5; Goss 199 5; Lake 199 3; Pickles 199 1; 199 5; Smith 199 2; Taylor 199 0; 199 1; Taylor and Overton 199 1; 199 2) Much of this concern focused on the claimed objectivity ... 199 7; Elwood and Leitner 199 8; Gonzales 199 5; Harris et al 199 5; Hutchinson and Toledano 199 3; Jordan and Shrestha 199 8; Kwaku-Kyem 199 9; Mitchell 199 7; Obermeyer and Pinto 199 4; Rambaldi and Callosa ... 199 5; Yapa 199 1) Openshaw’s ( 199 1) response captured the surprise, frustration, and anger of the GIS community to the scale and intensity of such critiques Goodchild ( 199 5) and Sheppard ( 199 5),...
... ( 198 9) Regime Politics: Governing Atlanta 194 6– 198 8, Lawrence: University of Kansas, p 2 39 ‘On prison computer, files to make a parent shiver’, Nina Bernstein, New York Times, 18 November 199 6, ... 2002 Taylor & Francis Washington DC 202 -93 94750 www.clir.org/pand/ pandhome.htm info@clir.org Washington DC 202-2348 494 202 -98 62200 202-2232 598 202-38 798 87 rtk.net webmaster@rtk.net Washington ... Tulsa Library OK 91 8- 596 799 1 College of Urban and Public Affairs, Portland State University Portland OR 503-7255170 www.upa.pdx.edu/IMS/About IMS Salem OR Portland OR 503 -98 600 39 503-2268108 503-8233504...
... al 199 6) First, is the question of how GIS is made available to community organizations (Yapa 199 1; Hutchinson and Toledano 199 3; Barndt and Craig 199 4; Sawicki and Craig 199 6; Barndt 199 8; Clark ... raised within research into public participation in GIS (Brown et al 199 5; NCGIA 199 6; Barndt 199 8; Dangermond 198 8; Obermeyer 199 8) Yet another dimension involves the stakeholders Stakeholders include ... and products, and ethical issues in the use of geographic information (Onsrud 199 2a; 199 2b; 199 5; Sheppard et al 199 9) Models for making GIS available to community organizations will differ in...
... indirect displacement: – Businesses: – Jobs: 380 Source: Dun & Bradstreet, 199 6, San Francisco Building Permits 199 3– 199 7, Phone & In-person Interviews Lifestyle lofts Figure 4.3 Companies displaced ... Market area T KE ST AR M South of Market Foundation, Copyright 199 7 Source: San Francisco Planning Department, Dun & Bradstreet, 199 6 Figure 4.2 Location of traditional and high-tech industries ... Francisco 3r 4t 5t 6t 7t 8t 9t h h h h h h d St M a e rk tS t M is o si n St H ow ar d St l Fo s om St H ar ri n so 61 St St St St St St St South of Market Foundation, Copyright 199 7 Displaced businesses...
... gone, owing the city as much as 27 years worth of back taxes Casey and Pederson 199 5: In our research for this 199 5 paper, we discovered that while the problem of mapping the elements needed to ... Pederson REFERENCES Aberley, D (ed.) ( 199 3) Boundaries of Home: Mapping for Local Empowerment, Philadelphia, PA: New Society Publishers Casey, L and Pederson, T W ( 199 5) ‘Urbanizing GIS: Philadelphia’s ... CDCs not seem to have sufficient tools to make appropriate models of their neighborhoods (Aberley 199 3) With the parcel base maps, tax assessors data, tax delinquency and vacancy data, there does...
... 20-year programme begun in 199 0 that redirects tax-increment funds from downtown development into neighbourhood improvement efforts See Nickel ( 199 5) and Fainstein and Hirst ( 199 6) for further description ... from planning processes that make use of these technologies (cf Rundstrom 199 5) A major element of Harris and Weiner’s ( 199 8) conceptualization of a community-integrated GIS is the notion that such ... REFERENCES Barndt, M ( 199 8) ‘Public participation GIS: barriers to implementation’, Cartography and Geographic Information Systems 25(2): 105–112 Elwood, S and Leitner, H ( 199 8) ‘GIS and community-based...
... Survey ( 199 7) Developments for the Web, Information paper 13/ 199 7, Southampton: Ordnance Survey Ordnance Survey ( 199 9) A new pricing policy for mapping on the Internet, Information Paper 1/ 199 9 Version ... Internet users in the UK in December 199 7 (NOP 199 7), with market saturation likely within a decade A survey in 199 9 estimated that the Internet was attracting 10 ,90 0 new adult users in Britain every ... perspectives, Springer-Verlag, pp 361–380 CVT ( 199 9) ‘Shaping Slaithwaite, part one – the process, Huddersfield: Colne Valley Trust’ Doyle, S., Dodge, M and Smith, A ( 199 8) ‘The potential of web-based mapping...
... Dane County Regional Planning Commission (DCRPC 199 7), and shown in front-page graphics of a local daily newspaper as ‘Room to Grow’ (Hall 199 5) We provided a different interpretation, from the ... and Sons Falk, K M ( 199 8) Design Dane! Creating a Diverse Environment Through Sensible, Intelligent Growth Now, Dane County Executive’s Office, Dane County, WI Hall, D J ( 199 5) ‘Room to grow – ... Wisconsin-Madison Niemann, B J Jr ( 198 7) ‘Better information for better decisions: no question about it’, Proceedings, URPIS 15, pp 187– 194 Tulloch, D., Moyer, D D and Niemann, B J ( 199 8) ‘Modernizing Dane...
... extend and where rural lands begin (Metro 199 1) The Metro Charter, approved by voters in 199 2, calls for the creation of the Future Vision (Metro 199 2) During the deliberations prior to the adoption ... Oregon, pp 5–35 Metro ( 199 2) Metro Charter, Portland, Oregon, pp 1–3 Metro ( 199 5) 2040 Growth Concept Report, Exhibit A, Portland, Oregon, pp 1–17 Metro Future Vision Commission ( 199 5) Report of Metro’s ... Bosworth et al REFERENCES Cowan, J ( 199 6) A Mapmaker’s Dream: The Meditations of Fra Mauro, Cartographer to the Court of Venice, New York: Warner Books Metro ( 199 1) Regional Urban Growth Goals &...
... A$235 million worth of sugar from 199 6 to 199 7 However, the sugar industry may have significant environmental impacts on the Herbert catchment (Johnson et al 199 7) Riparian vegetation on stream ... Lincoln 199 4; Patton 198 7) Each year for three years, individual, face-to-face interviews were conducted with key participants in HRIC Nineteen people were interviewed in February 199 6 (six months ... joint venture agreement), and follow-up interviews were conducted in February 199 7 ( 19 interviewees) and March 199 8 (17 interviewees) A total of 41 individuals were interviewed over the three-year...
... forestry (Fox 199 0; Cornett 199 4; Sirait et al 199 4; Sussman et al 199 4; Peluso 199 5), agriculture (Tabor and Hutchinson 199 4; Gonzalez 199 5; Harris et al 199 5; Lawas and Luning 199 6) and indigenous ... 199 1; Poole 199 5; Harmsworth 199 8) In the marine realm, applications have been described for coral reef habitats (Stoffle et al 199 4; Nietschmann 199 5; Calamia 199 6), spawning fish (Ames 199 7) ... (Butler et al 198 6), indigenous land-use and occupancy studies (Elias 198 9; Usher et al 199 2; Robinson et al 199 4; Poole 199 5; Huntington 199 8), participatory rural appraisal (Chambers 199 7; Townsley...
... Watershed Association ( 199 9) Interview with the author, December 199 9 Peifer, D., Director of the Upper Raritan Watershed Association ( 199 9) Interview with the author, 30 November 199 9 Schleifer, D., ... disseminating its data as a CD-ROM series beginning in 199 6, eventually distributing a total of five CDs (NJDEP 199 6a,b,c,d; 199 7) In 199 7, the NJDEP also began distributing specially attained ... Coalition ( 199 8) Interview with the author, 20 August Kaiser, K B., Association of New Jersey Environmental Commissions ( 199 9) Interview with the author, December Mansnerus, L ( 199 8) ‘Home rule:...
... of urban expansion (Ezcurra 199 0) The urban footprint of Mexico City expanded from less than 30 km2 in 191 0 to almost 1,200 km2 by 199 0 (Ezcurra and Mazari-Hiriart 199 6) The forests have been protected ... satellite images, 197 4 and 199 1, we encountered problems of rectification, pixel size differences, band differences, image positioning, haze correction and aspect compensation (Yetman 199 9) All of this ... 199 7: 42) For these practical reasons alone (i.e without invoking ethical and equity considerations at all), public participation in environmental planning is essential (Fisher 199 6; Pepper 199 6)...
... Harris, T ( 199 9) ‘Community-Integrated GIS for land reform in South Africa’, WVU Regional Research Institute Research Paper # 99 07, Morgantown W V (http://www.rri.wvu.edu/wpapers/ 199 9wp.htm) Woodhouse, ... Publications, pp 196 –222 Hastings and Clark ( 199 1) ‘GIS in Africa: problems, challenges and opportunities for co-operation’, International Journal of Geographical Information Systems 5(1): 29 39 Hill, ... Geo-Information 1(4): 185– 190 Levin, R and Weiner, D (eds.) ( 199 7) ‘No More Tears’: Struggles for Land in Mpumalanga, South Africa, Trenton: Africa World Press Lupton, M and Mather, C ( 199 6) ‘The anti-politics...
... Bailey, C ( 199 7) ‘Aquaculture and basic human needs’, World Aquaculture 28(3): 28–31 Saghal, B ( 199 6) ‘Letter to Dr Anjali Bahugauna at the India Space Application Center, on September 19, 199 6’ (cited ... international meetings beginning from April 199 6, these groups formed the Industrial Shrimp Action Network (ISA Net) on World Food Day in October 199 7 during a week-long meeting in Santa Barbara, ... communication included: facsimile (9 per cent), postal mail (9 per cent), and telephone (2 per cent) REFERENCES Bailey, C., Jentoft, S and Sinclair, P (eds), ( 199 6) Aquacultural Development: Social...
... can be taken to minimize it A good place to start is with the works of Monmonier ( 199 1), and Tufte ( 198 3; 199 0; 199 7) 23.5 IMPEDIMENT: BEING HEARD Spatial annotation tools allow users of an information ... representations 3 19 Tett, A and Wolfe, J ( 199 1) ‘Discourse analysis and city plans’, Journal of Planning Education and Research 10: 195 – 199 Tufte, E R ( 198 3) The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, ... Lucena e Vale, M J ( 199 1) ‘Hypersnige – a navigation system for geographic information’, Proceedings of the European GIS Conference, Brussels, Belgium, April, pp 175–1 79 Day ( 199 7) ‘Citizen participation...
... representational forms (Cosgrove 198 4; Krygier 199 7b), the spatiality of the map, linked to the development of spatial components in social theory (Sayer 199 2; Krygier 199 5; 199 6), and hypermedia, linked ... 199 2; Krygier 199 5; 199 6), and hypermedia, linked to hypertextual theory (Bolter 199 1; Landow 199 2; Krygier 199 5; 199 6) Issues of representation are, then, linked back to the concepts and theories ... MacEachren, A ( 199 5) How Maps Work, New York: Guilford Obermeyer, N ( 199 8) ‘Special content: public participation GIS’, Cartography and Geographic information Systems, 25: 65–122 Sayer, A ( 199 2) Method...