... the exchangerateexposureof banks in terms of the sensitivity of the bank’s total value to changes in the exchangerate This allows us to appropriately incorporate the covariances among all of ... and on the appreciation of the exchange rate, s We measure the exchangerateexposureof the i* banking To verify that our results are not an artifact of our inclusion of that portfolio return, ... similar studies of other types of firms Measures of the Determinants of Foreign ExchangeExposure There are many potential sources of foreign exchangeexposure The most obvious source of currency...
... issues of capital account liberalization in China have been studied They are the order of capital account liberalization, the choice ofexchangerate regimes and one possible side-effect of liberalization—currency ... account Based on 87 countries’ exchangerate arrangement in three separate years, a Logit model is used to examine the determinants of choosing the appropriate exchangerate regimes The empirical ... reforms, and the design of monetary and exchangerate policy It concludes that capital account liberalization should be approached as an integrated part of comprehensive reform strategies and should...
... presence ofexchangerateexposure in eight countries We find a significant amount ofexposure to a range of different exchange rates We find that at the country level, the extent ofexposure ... doesn’t increase a firm’s exposure to exchangerate movements—firms either hedge the effects ofexchangerate changes, or the exchangerate movements are not the key factor affecting profitability ... movements in the exchangerate and the direction ofexposure depends on the specific exchangerate and varies over time We postulate that exchangerateexposure may be linked to a number of firm- and...
... a large portion of their assets with deposits have less interest rateexposure The characterization of the interest rateexposure profile of banks in terms of a reduced group of financial indicators, ... the impact of derivative activity on market, interest rate and exchangerate risks of a set of large international dealer banks in the US, Europe, and Japan banks including a number of key on-balance ... end of the year The panel is comprised of 13×23 (number of years × number of banks) observations for each Analogously to the caseof fixed income securities, a higher duration, regardless of its...
... costs of defending it, he loses credibility The optimal exchange- rate regime reflects, therefore, a trade-off between reduction of exchange- rate uncertainty and the cost of committing to an exchange- rate ... words, π is the maximal rateof appreciation and π is the ¯ maximal rateof depreciation that the exchange- rate band allows.9 But leaning against the trends of free exchange- rate markets is costly ... the exchangerate In reality, the cost of defending the exchangerate stems from loss of reserves following intervention in the exchange- rate market and from changes in the inter- est rate...
... fixed exchangerate is preferable, and more on these deeper institutional arrangements The Standard Theory of Choosing an ExchangeRate Regime Much of the analysis of choosing an exchangerate ... outflow of hard currency and a rise in interest rates In this case, the hard peg contributes to increasing the depth of the downturn This standard model of choosing an exchangerate regime offers ... exchangerate flexibility It rules out a fixed exchangerate regime but nothing else A country that allows a floating exchangerate may pursue a number of very different monetary policy strategies:...
... costs of defending it, he loses credibility The optimal exchange- rate regime reflects, therefore, a trade-off between reduction of exchange- rate uncertainty and the cost of committing to an exchange- rate ... words, π is the maximal rateof appreciation and π is the ¯ maximal rateof depreciation that the exchange- rate band allows.9 But leaning against the trends of free exchange- rate markets is costly ... the exchangerate In reality, the cost of defending the exchangerate stems from loss of reserves following intervention in the exchange- rate market and from changes in the inter- est rate...
... balance using exchangerate 2.3 Impact ofexchangerate on inflation The impacts ofexchangerate on prices in local currency are estimated by exchangerate pass-through effect Exchangerate pass-through ... FOUNDATION OF IMPACT OFEXCHANGERATE ON TRADE BALANCE AND INFLATION 2.1 Basic concepts ofexchangerate 2.1.1 Definition ofexchangerate Although globalization and economic integration have been increasing ... the exchangerate elasticity of price level 2.3.1 The mechanism ofexchangerate s impacts on price level The impacts ofexchangerate on prices in local currency are estimated by exchange rate...
... Multi-Elements ofExchangeRateExposure 96 4.2.1 First moment exchangerateexposureof returns 96 4.2.2 Second moment exchangerateexposureof returns 97 v 4.2.3 Exchangerateexposureof conditional ... the area ofexchangerateexposure ix LIST OF TABLES 3.1 Sources of sign asymmetry ofexchangerateexposure 3.2 60 Sources of sign asymmetry ofexchangerate exposure: an extension of Koutmos ... degree ofexchangerateexposureof a firms/industries in a country 2.1.5 Estimating exchangerateexposure Adler and Dumas (1994) use stock prices and exchange rates to estimate exchangerate exposure...
... 30 Overvie w ofExchangeRate in Vietnam 31 3.1 Vietnam ExchangeRate Regimes 31 3.2 The Development ofExchangeRate 34 3.3 Vietnam’s ExchangeRate Policy in ... – Overview ofexchangerate in Vietnam: There are four main sections included in the chapter that are the regimes of Vietnam exchangerate over time, the development of the exchangerate po licies ... on exchange rate, categories ofexchangerate regimes and approaches to exchangerate determination are discussed Next, several studies to detemine the macroeconomic indicators ofexchange rate...
... three official exchange rates Official exchange rate: the first official exchangerate is built between Vietnam Dong and China Yuan Renminbi After that, base on exchangerateof China Yuan Renminbi ... Aids Exchangerate for Overseas national currency exchange: It is established base on official exchangerate with that foreign currency and plus percent of stimulation "Black-market" exchangerate ... apply “cross rate method to calculate exchangerate with other foreign currencies An important exchangerate in this time which is established by “cross rate is Rup clearing Exchangerate for internal...
... Foundation Derivative Exposure and the Interest Rate and ExchangeRate Risks of U.S Banks November 1996 Abstract: This paper estimates the interest rate and exchangerate risk betas of fifty-nine large ... interest rate and exchangerate risks Particularly noteworthy is the influence of currency derivatives on exchangerate betas Keywords: Off-balance sheet, Bank risk Derivatives, Interest rate risk, Exchange ... The results of this study provide the first formal estimates of the joint effect of derivative exposures on the systematic interest rate and exchangerate risks of U S banks The rest of the paper...
... perspective, the choice of SDR as numeraire facilitates inclusion of the US, which is a major trading partner of India The exchangerateof a currency is expressed as the number of units of numaraire (SDRs) ... provided in Tables 50 and 51 of the December issue of RBI Bulletin Table 4: Indices of Real Effective ExchangeRate (REER) and Nominal Effective ExchangeRate (NEER) of the Indian Rupee (36-Currency ... appreciation of rupee relative to the currency i and vice versa, where e represents exchangerateof Indian rupee against the numeraire, SDR in indexed form and ei represents exchangerateof foreign...
... flow rateof 20 mL/min × 20 After that, the cartridge was turned in the reverse direction and 10 mL of acetone (Wako Pure Chemical Industries., Ltd., Japan) was supplied at a flow rateof ml/min ... i DI: detection index of water sample DIi: detection index of compound i DVi: detected concentration value of compound i [mg/L] GVi: goal value of water quality control of compound i [mg/L] In ... collected as a concentrated test solution and purged by nitrogen gas at a flow rateof 0.6 L/min The test solution was preserved by freezing it prior to analysis The illustration of the SPE procedure...
... interest rate will cause the exchangerate to depreciate in the short run, and a higher foreign price and interest rate will imply an appreciation of the exchangerate Historically, Norges Bank has increased ... weaker exchange rate, while an interest rate increase may have prevented the exchangerate from falling even further (see Norges Bank 2000, p 16.) In the long run however, the exchangerate will ... tests of the monetary exchangerate model for three high-inflation countries, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 26, 396-411 Meese, R.A and K Rogoff (1983): Empirical ExchangeRate Models of...
... degrees ofexposureof estuaries to anthropogenic toxic contamination and the significance of this exposure to the ecology of the biota living there, especially the effects on biota of commercial ... deviation Acronyms of stations as in Figure 1.3 14 Environmental Assessmentof Estuarine Ecosystems: A Case Study those of bigger estuaries Thus for the studies of interactions of sediment-bound ... adaptive strategies of organisms (Chapter 7) that metabolize and/or eliminate different Environmental Assessmentof Estuarine Ecosystems: A Case Study organic xenobiotics (Chapter 3) at different rates...
... 1995 Distribution of interest rate risk exposureof the commercial banking industry calculated with the basic model, December 31, 1994 Comparison of interest rate risk exposures of the thrift and ... cash flows (such as principal prepayments) to the specific magnitude and level of the rate shock An Analysis of Commercial Bank Exposure to Interest Rate Risk provide an estimate of the net change ... validated during on-site examinations of interest rate risk DIFFERENCES IN ESTIMATES OF INTEREST RATE RISK EXPOSURE The magnitude of differences between exposure estimates from the two models...