... treatment of viruses with 2-mercaptoethanol led to the loss of F0 protein In another series of experiments, viruses were incubated in the presence of 50 mM of N-acetylneuraminic sialic acid (NeuAc) for ... Materials and methods) For this, 20 lg of R18-labeled NDV was incubated in the presence of 25 lg of bovine gangliosides for 10 at 37 °C Then, 2.5 · 106 COS-7 cells were added and the dequenching of ... enhancement of the fusion ofNewcastlediseasevirus with cultured cells Virology 260, 329–341 Morrison, T.G & Portner, A (1991) Structure, function and intracellular processing of the glycoproteins of...
... sequence analysisand generation of phylogenetic tree MA and AKC performed 13 Alexander DJ: Newcastle disease, other avian paramyxoviruses and pneumovirus infections In Diseases of Poultry 11th ... Korea, and Ireland points to this likelihood The presence of class II viruses in wild birds is of concern because this class of viruses has been responsible for several panzootics ofNewcastledisease ... epidemiological analysisof viruses isolated prior to and during the outbreaks of 1998-2000 Virus Res 2001, 77:51-60 Alexander DJ, Parsons G: Protection of chickens against challenge with the variant virus...
... McFerran JB, Nelson R: Some propertiesof an avirulent Newcastlediseasevirus Archiv Fur die gesamte Virusforschung 1971, 34:64-74 Beard CW: Newcastledisease virus: Evaluation of an avirulent enteric ... purposes of Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand were followed Strains ofNewcastlediseasevirus The Ulster 2C (Poulvac-NDW, Fort Dodge Saúde Animal Ltda, Campinas SP, Brazil) and B1 virus ... intestinal loop by Newcastlediseasevirus Am J Vet Res 1960, 21:80-85 Folitse R, Halmorson DA, Sivanandan V: Efficacy of combined killed-in-oil emulsion and live Newcastledisease vaccines in...
... disease viruses isolated from recent outbreaks in Taiwan J Virol Methods 2001, 97, 1-11 King DJ A comparison of the onset of protection induced by Newcastlediseasevirus strain B1 and a fowl poxvirus ... Molecular epidemiology ofNewcastledisease in Republic of Korea Vet Microbiol 2003, 95, 39-48 11 Lee YJ, Sung HW, Choi JG, Kim JH, Song CS Molecular epidemiology ofNewcastledisease viruses isolated ... DR, King DJ Protection of chickens against overt clinical diseaseand determination of viral shedding following vaccination with commercially available Newcastlediseasevirus vaccines upon challenge...
... transcription (RT), and 35 cycles of 94°C for min, 56°C for min, and 72°C for min, followed by 72°C for 10 andfor HN gene specific primers; 48 at 45°C for RT, 95 °C for min, followed by 35 cycles of at 95°C, ... category of avian paramyxovirus serotype (Newcastle disease virus) and evolutionary implications Virus Res 2006, 120:36-48 Lamb RA, Kolakofsky D: Paramyxoviridae: The viruses and their replication ... phylogenetic analysisofNewcastlediseasevirus genotypes isolated in Malaysia between 2004 and 2005 Arch Virol 2010, 155:63-70 Seal BS, King DJ, Meinersmann RJ: Molecular evolution of the Newcastle disease...
... administration of recombinant viruses Vaccine 1998, 16, 1496-1503 10 King DJ A comparison of the onset of protection induced by Newcastlediseasevirus strain B1 and a fowl poxvirus recombinant Newcastledisease ... against Newcastlediseaseand fowlpox viruses Vaccine 1990, 8, 486-490 25 Parede L, Young PL The pathogenesis of velogenic Newcastlediseasevirus infection of chickens of different ages and different ... Sondermeijer PJA Efficacy in chickens of a herpesvirus of turkeys recombinant vaccine containing the fusion gene ofNewcastledisease virus: Onset of protection and effect of maternal antibodies Avian...
... Marek’s diseasevirus (MDV), and new type gosling viral enteritis virus (NGVEV)-infected birds were provided by Key Laboratory of Animal Diseaseand Human Health of Sichuan Province The tissues of ... fusion and promote cell-to-cell spread of the virus in infection process [23,24] and the release of the virus [25,26], so that it was easy to accelerate the progress of the infection And gE could ... Materials and methods Virus strain, Immunogenicity Analysisof gE Protein, and Antibody preparation DPV CHv strain was a high-virulence field strain, obtained from Avian Disease Research Centre of Sichuan...
... Molecular biodiversity of cassava begomoviruses in Tanzania: evolution of cassava geminiviruses in Africa and evidence for East Africa being a center of diversity of cassava geminiviruses Virol J 2005, ... SS PGM and RWB collected isolates AV, ALM, and LD cloned and sequenced the viruses AV, PL and DPM conceived the project, AV and DPM analysed the data AV and DPM prepared the manuscript and AV, ... evolution of MSV strains [12] and that it may have also contributed substantially to the diversification of PanSV [11] We therefore analysed the PanSV sequences for evidence of inter-species and interstrain...
... Complete genome sequences of the genomic RNA of Soybean mosaic virus strains G7H and G5 Plant Pathol 2003, 19:171-176 Domingo E, Holland JJ: RNAvirus mutations and fitness for survival Annu Rev Microbiol ... the formation of this isolate G7f was most similar to G7x and G7d isolates along most of its genome, but was more similar to G2 between recombination sites 'a' and 'b', 'c' and 'd', 'e' and 'f' ... File List of full-length and partial (P1, CP) sequences of SMV analysed for recombination A list of all sequences and the corresponding Genbank accession numbers are provided Click here for file...
... because of unavailability of sequence information for rest of the genome; we speculate that GA98 may be a derivative of the Ark DPI strain Analysisof the structural region of Ark DPI clearly demonstrates ... Jackwood MW: Molecular cloning and sequence comparison of the S1 glycoprotein of the Gray and JMK strains of avian infectious bronchitis virusVirus Genes 1995, 9:219-229 Hofstad MS: Cross-immunity ... characterization of the California 99 (Cal99) variant of infectious bronchitis virusVirus Genes 2007, 34:327-341 Winterfield RW, Hitchner SB, Appleton GS: Immunological characteristics of a variant of infectious...
... steps Three ml of chloroform/methanol (1:1) or chloroform/methanol/H2O (48:35:10, v/v), respectively, were added and extraction and centrifugation were performed as before All supernatants were ... ultracentrifugation and simultaneously fixed in paraformaldehyde Purified PFV particles were prepared for a combined AFM (atomic force microscopy) and CLSM analyses, performed as described in materials and methods ... The mean of at least three randomly taken areas of each particle population was determined Average and Standard Deviation are depicted (B) Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) analysis revealed,...
... ionization (ESI) and bioinformatics software to enable identification of proteins at a high level of automation and sensitivity 26 Figure 1.2 : Summary of the various sample, analysisand platforms available ... Tin and staff of Proteins and Proteomics Centre for their continuous support and the use of various equipments I am also deeply appreciative of the administrative assistance and numerous professors ... coupled to 2-D LC and MALDI TOF/TOF MS 81 4.1.2.2 iTRAQ coupled to 2-D LC and MALDI TOF/TOF MS 83 4.2 Identification of differentially expressed proteins 85 4.2.1 Summary of proteins identified...
... RNA viruses, replicationof honey bee viruses proceeds via the production of a negative-strand intermediate and its presence is indicative of active viral replication Therefore, the detection of ... negative-strand RNA of viruses offers an excellent alternative for studying virusreplicationand pathogenesis in naturally infected hosts [17] Strand-specific RT-PCR was first developed for detection of ... qRT-PCR for quantification of negative and positive-strand DWV RNA in tissues of symptomatic and TaqMan Real-Time qRT-PCR for quantification of negative and positive-strand DWV RNA in tissues of symptomatic...
... Boster and Mongeau and r = 34 in Mongeau) and modest but reliable relationships between the strength of a fear appeal and attitude change (r = 21 in Boster and Mongeau and r = 20 in Mongeau) and ... than the grand mean (The representation of the values for each of the cells of the studies is available from the authors upon request.) The next step was to conduct a standard × analysisof variance ... theories Leventhal’s model forms the basis of the theory,27 PMT explains the danger control side of the model (i.e., when and why fear appeals work),10,11 and portions of Janis and McGuire’s explanations...
... thank E Zehelein for expert purification of HypF and HypE, H Hartl for the ICP spectroscopy of the proteins and F Lottspeich for determination of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of HypE This work ... The monomeric and dimeric forms of HypE and its variants are indicated by arrows The chemical basis of the migration in two forms is unknown (lanes 3, and 7) (B) Determination of 14C-labelled ... The analysisof mutant variants of HypE demonstrates that the carbamoylation of the C-terminal thiol and the dehydration of the S-carboxamide to the thiocyanate are independent reactions and...
... conjugation of the quencher and the fluorophore influenced neither the rate nor the site of hydrolysis of the peptide Sensitivity and selectivity of the Dabcyl– EVYAVES–Edans substrate and the activity of ... development of such a substrate based on analysisof PrtA cleavage site specificity, and kinetic characterization of PrtA activity on the new substrate Results and Discussion Identification of PrtA ... environments [8,12,17] These properties not indicate proteases that have specific sets of natural substrates, and make difficult the development ofselectiveand sensitive substrates for measuring enzyme...
... the apparent consumption of different types of coal for specific industrial sectors (for the OECD countries), andfor overall consumption for all countries For purposes of tracking national consumption, ... estimate of energy content for hard/steam coal, we use an average of the highest heating values given by the IEA (2008), for anthracite and bituminous coal, for a value of 30.6 GJ/Metric Ton For soft/brown ... type of forest ecosystem, the age of the forest, the length of stand rotation cycles, and the forestry practices used to harvest the timber Research to date is uneven geographically, with forest...