an in vitro model of stroke induced epilepsy elucidation of the roles of glutamate and calcium in the induction and maintenance of stroke induced epileptogenesis
... drafted the manuscript FH, LH, SM, CH, FC, JD and NL participated inthe design ofthe study GC and JD conceived ofthe study, and participated in its design and coordination All authors read and ... cytokine production [22] We have selected a direct stimulation with graded doses of LPS and Pokeweed Mitogen lectin as stimulants invitro LPS -induced signalling in macrophages, andin other ... syndrome group had a significantly lower median production than females (p < 0.03) Increasing the concentration of LPS increased the median production of IL1 in females andin males (p < 0.036; p
... drafted the manuscript FH, LH, SM, CH, FC, JD and NL participated inthe design ofthe study GC and JD conceived ofthe study, and participated in its design and coordination All authors read and ... cytokine production [22] We have selected a direct stimulation with graded doses of LPS and Pokeweed Mitogen lectin as stimulants invitro LPS -induced signalling in macrophages, andin other ... syndrome group had a significantly lower median production than females (p < 0.03) Increasing the concentration of LPS increased the median production of IL1 in females andin males (p < 0.036; p
... experiments and helped in manuscript preparation SC participated inthe design ofthe experiments, was involved in HASMC culture, performed invitro cAMP studies and helped inthe manuscript preparation ... participated inthe design ofthe experiments and was involved in isolated human bronchial ring experiments SR participated to theinvitro studies MM was involved in isolated human bronchial ring experiments ... directly affected by LTD4 Relaxant responses to salbutamol in human bronchial rings The mean weight ofthe 24 bronchial rings was 91 ± mg The mean resting force andthe mean normalizedresponse to carbachol...
... coordination and helped to draft the manuscript JW, MF and SR helped to draft the manuscript MC conceived ofthe study, participated inthe study design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript ... shown The continuous line is the mean value, andthe dotted lines are the upper and lower bounds ofthe SEM The data demonstrates the continuous low level of injury throughout the slices prior ... The mean value andthe standard error ofthe mean (SEM) were calculated for the trauma intensities ofthe slices in each group using SPSS software version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) The...
... cells A10 and B10, B1 and C1, C10 and D10, D1 and E1, E10 and F10, F1 and G1, G10 and H10, H1 and I1, I10 and J10 Assuming that each gj-channel has a conductance of 100 pS, these channels corresponded ... positioned in a zigzag pattern across the 10 × 10 model These were located between cells A10 and B10, B1 and C1, C10 and D10, D1 and E1, E10 and F10, F1 and G1, G10 and H10, H1 and I1, I10 and J10 In ... (1000 channels) RBT is the bundle termination resistance at each end ofthe bundle, and has the standard value 1.0 KΩ The standard values for Rjc and Rjct are 25 MΩ (50 MΩ ÷ in parallel) The standard...
... activity, including phagocytosis, respiratory burst, and transendothelial and transepithelial chemotaxis induced by arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) containing synthetic peptides and protein [17] ... conceived ofthe study, participated in its design and coordination, participated inthe interpretation of results, and predominantly drafted the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript ... five membrane-spanning segments of CD47/IAP andthe two membrane-spanning domains ofthe heterodimeric integrin form an ad hoc seven-transmembrane receptor that, with an adhesive ligand such as TSP,...
... bleomycin injection in WT mice, positive staining for IL-1 (A) was localized mainly in inflammatory cells andin vascular endothelium There was a marked reduction inthe IL-1 immunostaining inthe ... infiltration inthe lung tissues in WT-animals The leukotrienes synthesis inhibition andthe receptor blockade in bleomycin treated mice significantly reduced the fluid content (Fig 1f) andthe ... 15) Inductionof lung injury by bleomycin Mice received a single intratracheal instillation of saline (0.9%) or saline containing bleomycin sulphate (1 mg/kg body weight) in a volume of 50 μl and...
... of PBS containing the known concentration ofthe drug and 2.5 mmol of ATP, 2.5 mmol MgCl2 and 2.5 mmol of CaCl2, gently mixing to avoid hemolysis and incubation for 15 http://www.medsci.org Int ... addition of 1ml methanol, mixed well and vortexed for 15 minute and then centrifuged at 13000 rpm for 15 minutes The supernatant is taken and filtered using 0.22 Millipore disposable filters and then ... results 226 Loading efficiency at 25oC The effect of concentration and incubation time on the percent of drug loading is shown in figures and at 25ºC and at 37ºC The percent is of drug loading was started...
... landmark L cen- In this equation the absolute proximity for a point P and a landmark L is a function of both the distance between the point andthe location ofthe landmark, andthe salience of ... for the point in question In (3) the proximity of a given point to a selected landmark rises as that point’s distance from the landmark decreases (the closer the point is to the landmark, the ... the maximum distance between point L and any point inthe scene 747 relative proximity to each landmark at each point For this we first select a landmark, and then iterate over each point in the...
... with a piece of gelatin sponge, Page of 10 the temporalis and overlying skin were sutured Animals were then placed inthe supine position and a midline incision was made inthe neck The bilateral ... comparing them to the standard curve to determine the copy number The process of calculating threshold cycles, preparing a standard curve, and determining the copy number was performed using system ... nestin and BrdU were performed to assess the property of NSC in cultures and track the migration and homing of allogeneic BrdUlabeled NSC inthe host brain In addition to the expression ofthe class...
... 76(9):4294-4303 Tekkanat KK, Maassab H, Berlin AA, Lincoln PM, Evanoff HL, Kaplan MH, Lukacs NW: Role of interleukin-12 and stat-4 inthe regulation of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in respiratory ... (control), and RSV A2 infected BALB/c (ᮀ) and C57BL/6 (◆) mice, to measure concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (A) IFN-γ and (B)TNFα; andthe chemokines (C) RANTES, (D) MIP-1α, and (E) ... shown) Acute and chronic inflammatory infiltrates, surrounding airways and vessels are demonstrated in RSV-inoculated mice of both strains, on days and 77 after inoculation (4C to F) during the acute...
... Processing Kinetics of Core Protein Precursors To determine the optimal temperature and kinetics of processing ofthe core protein precursors intheinvitro cleavage assay, a time course of I7L-mediated ... (pI7LH241A) The extracts are prepared as described inthe Materials and Methods The extracts are mixed and incubated with the substrates for hrs and then analyzed through SDS-PAGE and chemiluminescent ... to the adenovirus protease, the African swine fever virus protease, andan ubiquitin-degrading enzyme in yeast, as well as the identity of a catalytic triad composed of histidine, cysteine, and...
... cell lines andin vivo models Furthermore, we wanted to examine the possibility of refining themodel by taking into the account the experimental design involving the culture conditions and appropriate ... for checking the language ofthe manuscript and Mr Pasi Miettinen and Mrs Airi Boman for technical assistance This study was financially supported by the Academy of Finland and University of Kuopio ... antigen and are responsible for the production and release of a variety of cytokines and chemokines, interact with immune cells and are intimately involved in immunoregulation within the CNS...
... enzymes (FAAH, MAGL) and proteins involved in their transport, and intracellular trafficking [9] Increasing evidence suggests the involvement ofthe ECS in both the inflammatory andthe neurodegenerative ... immunohistochemistry studies and participated inthe interpretation of data and revising manuscript draft FC, FL and FD participated inthe design ofthe study, interpretation of data and revision of manuscript ... inthe EAE model by administering the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 5,212-2 [23] Inthe TMEVIDD model we showed that WIN 5,212-2 at the time of virus infection inhibited brain VCAM-1 expression and...
... pictures and drafted the manuscript GM participated inthe design ofthe study and performed the statistical analysis HTA conceived ofthe study, and participated in its design and coordination and ... guidelines ofthe Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals) in accordance with the ARVO Statement for the “Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision ... directly involved inthe formation of retinal NV inthe later stages ofthe OIR modelIn this study, we investigated the temporal and spatial distribution of microglial cells during the different...
... inthe brain (A) Brain levels ofthe pro-inflammatory prostaglandin PGE2 (B), the anti-inflammatory one 15d-PGJ2 (C), and interleukin-1b (IL-1b) mRNA levels in control and after CMS inthe brain ... of LPS and can activate brain TLR-4 inducing a neuroinflammatory response In order to clarify the origin of stress -induced activation ofthe TLR-4 pathway in CMS, we studied LPS and its binding ... both in humans and rodents, and is one ofthe earliest events inthe stress-inflammation response inthe brain [53,54] This transcription factor resides silent inthe cytoplasm bound by an inhibitory...
... activity of glandular and surface epithelial cells Proliferative activity of glandular and surface epithelial cells To assess the proliferative activity, anin vivo BrdU-assay and AgNOR-analysis ... using hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue andthe Periodic-Acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction Proliferative activity of glandular and surface epithelial cells In vivo Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-assay Anin ... Germany), weighing 350–400 g were used The animals were housed under standard laboratory conditions and fed ad libitum in accordance to the rules ofthe animal welfare act andthe local animal committee...
... exception of cluster shape inthe fine fraction was found in all categories and accounted for less than 3% and 1.5% inthe coarse and fine fractions, respectively The presence of Fe and Cu content into ... content into spherical and soot aggregates ofthe fine fraction indicates a combination of natural and anthropogenic sources influenced by smelter and incineration emissions inthe study area Table ... triggers including viral infections and air pollutants may activate the production of ROS, thus resulting in inflammation in addition to the asthmatic symptoms [26] Themaintenanceof basal ROS...
... rotation for the ostectomy, and negligible CrCa and LM bending rotation for the intact radius andthe reduced osteotomy (Figure 6) The loading fixtures during axial and torsion testing were also ... that the line of action ofthe axial applied load would remain close to the central point on each end ofthe radius The authors' feel that the loading fixtures used and described in this manuscript, ... biomechanical characteristics of intact and two Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (ASIF) techniques for repair ofan oblique fracture involving the distal (inferior) diaphysis of an...