advantages of direct field assessment of soil physical conditions
SOIL ECOLOGY IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS - CHAPTER 1 ppsx
... conductivity in the subsoil was limiting the discharge of water to the drains This means that soil physical properties of the subsoil directly influenced soil physical conditions in the topsoil, which may ... objectives of the program were as follows (Brussaard et al., 1988): Tuning of the nutrient supply of the soil to the nutrient demand of the plant Enhancement of the contribution of soil organisms to soil ... suppress soilborne pests and diseases In these processes the soil biota, that is, roots and soil organisms, play an important part The contributions of the soil biota to soil structure and soil physical...
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INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MICROORGANISMS AND PLANTS IN SOIL doc
... PEDOGENESIS AND SOIL TAXONOMY 11 THE SOIL ORDERS I? E B A BISDOM iind J DUCLOUX f Editor.?) SUBMICROSCOPIC STUDIES OF SOILS 13 P K O O R E V A A R G M E N E L I K ELEMENTS OF SOIL PHYSICS iiritl ... these lines of research are intimately associated with the problems of soil fertility and crop yields These in turn have a direct hearing on the nutrition of mankind, mobilization of natural resources, ... enhancement of the quality of soil, water and foodstuffs It is our pleasant duty to express w s i n c e r e thanks to the staff of the Department of Microbial Ecology and Department of Experimental...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Effects of soil temperature on gas exchange and morphological structure of shoot and root in 1 yr old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings" pot
... sup(Nambiar et al., 1979) of soil water References Grossnickle S.C & Blake T.J (1985) Acclimation of cold-stored jack pine and white spruce seedlings: effect of low soil temperature on water ... Conifer seedlings coming out of cold storage require a period of almost wk to acclimate physiologically to low soil temperatures (Grossnickle and Blake, 1985) Low soil temperature restricts new ... changing soil temperature increased slightly and then decreased after 11 d All seedlings recovered 18 d after the onset of the experiment The patterns of g evolution at the constant temperature of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Relationship between the structure of guanidines and N-hydroxyguanidines, their binding to inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and their iNOS-catalysed oxidation to NO pptx
... be related to those of the koff of the corresponding N-hydroxyguanidines Accordingly, the order l-Arg > TFBGua > BuGua found for the kcat of production of NO from oxidation of these guanidines ... affinity of the substrate for iNOS For instance, the kcat of NO formation from FPhNOHG oxidation is 83% of that found for NOHA, whereas the Kd of this substrate is 130 times higher than that of NOHA ... kcat values of formation of NO as high as 83 and 69% that obtained for NOHA (Table 2) As in the case of the N-hydroxyguanidines, the kcat values of NO formation from the oxidation of guanidines...
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Báo cáo khoa họcRe-engineering the discrimination between the oxidized coenzymes NAD+ and NADP+ in clostridial glutamate dehydrogenase and a thorough reappraisal of the coenzyme specificity of the wild-type enzyme docx
... impact of quite a small level of contamination on these results Reassessment of the effects of the mutations on coenzyme specicity In view of the dramatically altered gure for the stringency of coenzyme ... contamination of NAD+ by NADP+ reported by some other authors [28] was not observed in our batches of NAD+ Reassessment of coenzyme specicity of clostridial glutamate dehydrogenase In light of the discovery ... none of the mutants showed a complete reversal of specicity, the last two of the four listed could reasonably be described as dual-specic When, however, we turned to the opposite direction of reaction,...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "STRUCTURE OF SENTENCE AND INFERENCING IN QUESTION ANSWERING" docx
... structure of a sentence can be concexved of as a network (which can be linearized, see Pl~tek, Sgall and Sgall, in press) the nodes and edges of which are labelled A label of a node consists of a ... that the root of every tree of the mentioned kind is labelled by a symbol the lexical part of which belongs to the word class of verbs The kinds (and to a certain part also the order) of the dependency ... languages of logic), while it would share all other aspects of its structure with the level of unle~lying representations of natural language Colmerauer's Q language is used for the implementations of...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Relationship between structural changes, hydrogen content and annealing in stacks of ultrathin Si/Ge amorphous layers" docx
... size of the H bubbles to the critical value for their explosion and formation of craters The results of this study would confirm that the origin of the structural degradation of the MLs of a-Si/a-Ge ... estimated from measurements of the shift of the emission spectra of InP or GaAs during the deposition of AR (anti reflection) coating for laserdiode, carried out under identical conditions as those used ... Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary 3Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O Box 51, H4001 Debrecen, Hungary 4Department of Solid State...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp:" Structure, spatial distribution and competition in mixed jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stands on clay soils of eastern Canada" pps
... analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare mean values between stand types Levene’s test of homogeneity of variance confirmed validity of the ANOVA 2.3.2 Size structure The theories of Weiner ... one stand Table II Effect of stand type on skewness of basal area distribution of the three main tree species in pure jack pine stands and stands composed of a mixture of jack pine and white birch ... influence of spatial patterns and competition on diameter growth would be biased because of the loss of large trees that had an important competitive effect However, field observation of the relative...
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SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - CHAPTER 3 pot
... Studying virgin soils, Golchin et al (1994b) recovered 19–7% of total C and 22–6% of soil N in loose LF and recovered 31–9% of C and 14–6% of N in occluded LF fractions In a study of arable soils, Wander ... constants of size and density fractions of soil organic matter Soil Sci Soc Am J 59, 1631–1635 Hassink, J (1995b) Density fractions of soil macroorganic matter and microbial biomass as predictors of ... fractions of organic nitrogen in soil Biol Fertil Soils 35, 210–213 Paul, E.A (1984) Dynamics of organic matter in soils Plant Soil 76, 275–285 Paul, E.A., and F.E Clark (Eds.) (1996) Soil Microbiology...
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SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - CHAPTER 5 doc
... (forest soil) e 7–11 13–23 44–48 23–34 Similar to conducive 7–11 9–25 39–42 25–42 Similar to conducive Total soil LFc Free soil LFd Occluded soil LF d L horizon (forest soil) e Of horizon (forest soil) ... Effect of soil moisture at different temperatures on Rhizoctonia root rot of wheat seedlings Plant Soil 231:91–96 Gilligan, C.A 1985 Construction of temporal models III Disease progress of soilborne ... Stone et al., 2003) Field Soils Amended with Dairy Manure Solids Most of the previously described examples of OM-mediated general suppression in field soils involve suppression of Oomycete pathogens:...
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SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - CHAPTER 6 pot
... Reformation of soil aggregates J Soil Sci 37: 329–335 Chaney, K., and R.S Swift 1986b Studies on aggregate stability II The effect of humic substances on the stability of re-formed soil aggregates J Soil ... A model of the physical protection of organic matter in soils Soil Sci Soc Am J 61: 131–139 Hooker, J.E., and K.E Black 1995 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as components of sustainable soil- plant ... volcanic soils from Japan and Hawaii (19 mg/g soil and >60 mg/g soil, respectively; Rillig et al., 2001b; Wright, unpublished data) and a humoferric podzol oak forest soil in Ireland (69 mg/g soil; ...
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SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - CHAPTER 8 pptx
... Stratification of soil organic matter with conservation tillage depends on the inherent level of soil organic matter, intensity of disturbance, type of cropping system, and length of time In an analysis of ... bulk density of 1.2 Mg m–3 for soil at a depth of 0–5 cm and 1.4 Mg m–3 for soil at a depth of either 5–15 or 5–20 cm b Assumed a bulk density of 1.33 Mg m–3 for soil at a depth of 0–15 cm © ... bulk density of 1.2 Mg m–3 for soil at a depth of 0–5 cm and 1.4 Mg m–3 for soil at a depth of either 5–15 or 5–20 cm b Assumed a bulk density of 1.33 Mg m–3 for soil at a depth of 0–15 cm ©...
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SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - CHAPTER 9 pot
... long-term soil fertility is often a direct consequence of partial or complete removal of aboveground biomass as food, feed, bedding, fuel, or building materials Loss of near-surface nutrient-rich soil ... needs The quantity of N mineralized is not directly proportional to SOM Magdoff (1991) showed that SOM level and soil texture interact to influence availability of N At low soil N levels (and ... leaching and runoff and erosion losses One of the most important aspects of cover crops is the uptake of residual soil nutrients, which can significantly reduce nutrient movement off-site Winter...
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SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - CHAPTER 10 doc
... each gram of soil (Torsvik et al., 1990) Soil microorganisms are responsible for many soil processes, such as SOM turnover, soil humus formation, cycling of nutrients, and building soil tilth ... micrograph of soil bacteria from a Palouse silt loam Algae occur in soil at populations of 103 to 104 g–1 soil, far fewer than bacteria and fungi The greatest populations of algae are found in moist soil, ... availability of carbon for microbial growth, physical separation because of landscape position, soil horizonation, or encapsulation of SOM in © 2004 by CRC Press LLC Soil and Crop Management Effects on Soil...
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SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - CHAPTER 11 (END) ppt
... the rates of mineralization of N, but surprisingly there are few estimates of the influence of earthworms on the overall net mineralization of N in bulk soils The enhanced mineralization of N caused ... EFFECTS OF VERMICOMPOSTS ON GROWTH OF 351 FIELD CROPS A number of field experiments at OSU have reported positive effects of low application rates of vermicomposts on crop growth Application rates of ... height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area indices, fresh weight of whole plant, number of days to spike emergence, length of spikes, width of spikes, length of rachis, number of florets per...
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Báo cáo y học: "The relation between the incidence of hypernatremia and mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury" pptx
... of hypernatremia and the use of DDAVP (data not shown) Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Critical Care Vol 13 No Maggiore et al Table Disorder of water balance over the course of ... associated with an increased risk of death – although, in a proportion of the patients, this association is due to the occurrence of CDI, a marker of the extension and severity of brain injury We acknowledge ... multiple daily determinations of serum sodium The finding that the incidence of CDI was lower than that of hypernatremia suggests that only a minority of the cases of hypernatremia were due to...
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Land quality indicators and their use in sustainable agriculture and rural development pdf
... diseases Substratum (and soil profile) as source of construction materials Substratum (and soil profile) as source of minerals Biological soil toxicity: the presence or hazard of soil- borne pests and ... sodium Biological soil fertility: the N-fixation capacity of the soil biomass; and its capacity for soil organic matter turnover Biological soil toxicity: the presence or hazard of soil- borne pests ... position of the land: degree of fertility renewal or crop damaging by overflow or overblow SOIL QUALITIES Physical soil fertility: the net moisture storage capacity in the rootable zone Physical soil...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp:"Relationships between soil factors, Quercus robur health, Collybia fusipes root infection and Phytophthora presence" doc
... and the length of mother roots per volume of soil (t value of 0.77 and probability of 0.447), the number of fine roots per length of mother roots (t value of 1.35 and probability of 0.189) or the ... abundance of mother roots (length per volume of soil) , (ii) abundance of fine roots (number per length of mother roots), and (iii) dry weight of fine roots per dry weight of mother roots 2.4 Assessment ... investigation A core of soil was extracted at the base of each tree with an earth auger Soils of the three plots were described for depth to first signs of waterlogging (first reddish traces of insoluble...
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Soil pH and Organic Matter pptx
... multiple functions in the soil, including Examples of Soils Acid sulfate soils Forest soils Humid climate arable soils Calcareous soils Sodic soils pH scale 10 11 12 13 14 Common acids and alkalis ... atmosphere and is a key indicator of soil quality Soil pH Soil pH is a measure of the soil solution’s acidity and alkalinity By definition, pH is the ‘negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration ... obtain optimal growing conditions for specific crops Managing Soil pH Alkaline Soils In modifying soil pH, the addition of amendments, fertilizers, tillage practices, soil organic matter levels,...
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