... collaborating andthe expertise in animal work To all my other collaborators, thank you for the interest, the enthusiasm, andthe opportunities to learn about many amazing things beyond the scope ... 77 Chapter ACombinedGeneticsandBiochemicalApproachtoExploretheFunctionalInteractionsbetweenSphingolipidsandSterolsinBiologicalMembranes 80 4.1 Introduction ... Schaad O, Kajiwara K, Wakabayashi H, Ivanova T, Castillon GA, Piccolis M, Abe F, Loewith R, Funato K, Wenk MR and Riezman H Functionalinteractionsbetweensphingolipidsandsterols regulating...
... sense 5¢-AGGCATGATACTAAATGCCAT TGAA-3¢ and antisense 5¢-TCCAGAACTGACAAATGC CGTAC-3¢; CG6608-RB, sense 5¢-GTGGAGCATGATAC TTAAATGCCA-3¢, and antisense 5¢-TCCAGAACTGACA AATGCCGTAC-3¢; CG2857-RA, sense ... 5¢-CTCTTCTACA AGTACCTCAACGCGG-3¢ and antisense 5¢-TTCTCCCA AGATACTAATGCTTGCC-3¢; Rp49, sense 5¢-ATGACC ATCCGCCCAGCATACA-3¢ and antisense 5¢-TTGGTG AGGCGGACCGACAG-3¢ The PCR products were analysed ... Iacopetta et al cytosol for the activity of transketolase, andinthe mitochondria for the activity of pyruvate-, oxoglutarate- and branched chain keto acid dehydrogenases To our knowledge, in...
... tracers andthe calculations, etc Andthe software development was the other essential part The limiting parameter has become not the machine but the ability to analyze the reams of data that ... were in place, the remaining challenge was developing thefunctional software and computational know-how to analyze all the data Each image pixel has an intensity that is a function of the number ... nuclear reactor I became interested in using isotopes as tracers and studied transport across cell membranes using electron probe microanalysis There was a man there called Georges Slodzian who was...
... AdipoQ binds tothe N-terminal extracellular domain, whereas the intracellular C terminal domain binds to APPL1 (an adaptor protein containing a pleckstrin homology domain, a phosphotyrosine binding ... receptor and AF allantoic fluid AMPK adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase APPL1 adaptor protein containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding domain and leucine zipper ... is the dominating hormone in ruminants (Flint and Knight, 1997); it increases the blood flow in mammary glands and has blood glucose-elevating effects Prolactin increases the intestinal uptake...
... 5¢-CAGCGTGACATAACTGTTAAA GGGCATGGCCCA-3¢ R105H-fwd: 5¢-GCTAAAAATAA R105HTGGAGCACTCCATTTTTAGCGCTCGC-3¢ rev: 5¢-GCGAGCGCTAAAAATGGAGTGCTCCATTAT TTTTAGC-3¢ R105K-fwd: 5¢-GCTAAAAATAATGGAG AAATCCATTTTTAGCGCTCGC-3¢ ... amino acid is the main reason for the increase in Km values The point mutation probably does not alter the backbone conformation of the Ca-atoms In conclusion, the kinetic and structural data ... the base, was mutated to N in order to see how the increased distance betweenthe base and substrate-binding amino acid affected the binding of dThd and deoxycytidine (dCyd) Results Fig Binding...
... the NAs, thereby trapping them inside the cell This is regarded as the rate-limiting step and makes the deoxynucleoside kinases important actors in combating malignant cells One approachin this ... with substrates anda feedback inhibitor [12,13] It has a structure similar to that of the human dGK and dCK and belongs toa structural family that also contains some viral thymidine kinases (TKs) ... 6) The guanosine base is inthe syn-conformation, in contrast tothe thymine and cytosine bases that are inthe anticonformation in those complexes There is a water molecule bridging ⁄ anchoring...
... Backed by his East African allies, Uganda and Rwanda, as well as Angola, he overran Kinshasa in May 1997 and pushed Mobutu into exile South Africa’s peace diplomacy was put tothe test again as ... INTRODUCTION Senegal and Mauritania, andbetween Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; crises in Guinea-Conakry and Guinea-Bissau; and internationalised civil wars in Sierra Leone and Liberia ECOWAS, or coalitions ... other African states, especially as South African corporates and parastatals drive deeper into the continent, it remains the case that South Africa’s selfinterest appears to be increasingly aligned...
... neonatal mouse and guinea pig, andto evaluate the guinea pig as a potential cochlea donor for preclinical cell therapy Methods The experimental protocol was previously approved by the Internal ... functional analysis of precursor, support and hair cells Arq Int Otorrinolaringol 2007, 11:433-437 16 Albuquerque AA, Rossato M, Oliveira JA, Hyppolito MA: Understanding the anatomy of ears from guinea ... and dissociation After bathing the animals in absolute ethanol, they were decapitated and had the temporal bones removed and Page of 10 maintained in Leibovitz’s L-15 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, St...
... obtained from each individual In our case the individuals are the populations, andthe variables are the genotypic and gametic frequencies II Material and methods Two wine cellar populations and ... first axis contains points overall than the negative one, and all the points involving a- Gpdh For s z lAdh F Est-6/-, the gametes carrying the Est-6allele andthe Est-6 and Est-6 s la-Gpdh F gametes ... frequency analysis (fig 1) was the third eigenvalue also greater than (k, 1.33) The explained variance for each axis is also indicated in these figures, andthe cumulative percentage varies between...
... monopoly of the Bank of France as a bank of issue The latter owed this advantage tothe ability of its administrators, tothe lack of cooperation among the departmental banks, and, finally, tothe tendency ... revolutionized a t that time certain industries, as, for example, the manufacture of artificial soda, the improvements inthe paper industry, and, finally, mechanical inventions for spinning and weaving-all ... had been counting on, it appealed tothe Government to take its affairs in hand and offered to give the Minister of Finance a statement aIn 1767 an attempt was made to found a bank of issue to...
... seven main cpDNA lineages inthe O europaea complex (for the olive tree classification see [16]): lineage E1 was detected inthe Mediterranean area and Saharan Mountains, lineages E2 and E3 were ... specific tothe Western Mediterranean area, lineage M was only detected in Macaronesia, lineages C1 and C2 were observed from Southern Asia to Eastern Africa, and lineage A was characteristic ... detected in wild olives than in cultivars, and this allowed some population genetic analyses, for instance inthe laperrinei and guanchica subspecies from Saharan Mountains and Canary Islands, respectively...
... N-terminal regulatory domain (I), a catalytic domain (II), a C2-like domain (III) anda calmodulin-like calcium binding domain (IV) The main difference between mammalian and Drosophila calpains ... we monitored the disappearance of the 104 kDa intact calpain B band as a function of time (Fig 5A) and used the same kinetic approach as applied before for the determination of the apparent first-order ... (aiming to avoid unwanted autoproteolytic degradation during sample handling) by replacing Cys314 with Ala inthe active center of the enzyme The active calpain B andthe inactive C31 4A mutant were...
... using proctolin (40 lM) as the substrate SDS/PAGE analysis of fractions containing partially purified DPP activitiy revealed two major bands inthe range of 82 and 86 kDa in both cytosolic and ... Fukasawa (Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan) The anti-(rat liver DPP III) was prepared as described by Fukasawa et al [2] Goat anti-rabbit Ig with peroxidase labelling was from Boehringer-Mannheim ... proctolin degrading activity, a dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity was shown to hydrolyse proctolin in insects and was referred as to mammalian DPP III [11] but this was not further investigated...
... reagents (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Piscataway, NJ) Animals were fed water and standard rabbit food and maintained on a 12 h light/dark cycle Polyclonal antiserum tothe peptide was raised in rabbits ... were separated by 12.5% SDS ⁄ PAGE and blotted with anti-Flag serum The 30 kDa protein band of Flag-tagged DmPCNA2 andthe 36 kDa protein band of Flag-tagged DmPCNA1 are indicated by arrows The sizes ... regions, an interdomain connecting loop anda C-terminal tail DmPCNA2 formed homotrimers and associated with DNA polymerase d and DNA polymerase e in vivo In addition, DmPCNA2, as well as DmPCNA1, was...
... Up:5'-ATGGCAGAAGTACCTAAGCTCGC Low:5'-ACACAAATTGCATGGTGAAGTCAGTT ALK-1 Up: 5'-CGGCTCCCTCTACGACTTTCT Low: 5'-CAGCACTCCCGCATCATCT GAPDH Up: 5'-TGAAGGTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTGGT Low: 5'-CATGTGGGCCATGAGGTCCACCAC ... and II collagen (CI and CII, respectively), aggrecan (AGG), IL-1β and activin-like kinase (ALK)-1 as indicated The mRNA levels were normalized to GAPDH and amplified by a factor of 106 The ratio ... conditions and exposure to catabolic stimulators (IL-1 and retinoic acid) on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and disintegrin metalloproteinases (ADAMs) by articular cartilage chondrocytes...
... constraints The above model can be easily specified in PLINK In summary, given a strong initial association signal, these analyses can help to determine which variants are causal and which are ... genes and makes a more stringent assumption regarding population homogeneity) or the more traditional case-control approach Comparing this approachtothe standard pairwise SNP-by-SNP approach ... be interviewed) will be missing from the final sample used in data analysis as will participants with incomplete data on analytic variables Ultimately, we want the parameter estimates in our final...
... of the follicle cells In any case, secretory granules and their associated yolk proteins are important factors in controlling the release of viral particles from the Golgi apparatus and targeting ... targeting them toward the apical pole of the follicle cells A parallel can be made between these data anda study performed on a mammalian retrovirus: the murine leukaemia virus (MLV) [2] Indeed, Basyuk ... uptake There is now abundant evidence inthe literature to indicate that retroviral Gag proteins interact with a variety of proteins involved in these pathways Analysis of the role played by the Gag...
... on the small island, and Singapore’s capacity to support the rapidly expanding population was pushed to its natural limit (Jayakumar 1988).6 Drinking water supply on the island was fast being ... A stringent and meticulous process was involved inthe collecting, collating, organizing, coding and analyzing of these archival data (Mason 2002) Inthe earliest stage, collection of data was ... that has been legitimated to control and manage the flow of urban water One way of gaining an insight into governance in Singapore is to examine the way the state has discursively engaged the population...
... on the small island, and Singapore’s capacity to support the rapidly expanding population was pushed to its natural limit (Jayakumar 1988).6 Drinking water supply on the island was fast being ... A stringent and meticulous process was involved inthe collecting, collating, organizing, coding and analyzing of these archival data (Mason 2002) Inthe earliest stage, collection of data was ... that has been legitimated to control and manage the flow of urban water One way of gaining an insight into governance in Singapore is to examine the way the state has discursively engaged the population...