... survival data that are not adequately described by the linear quadratic equation, and in the evaluation of modifiers of the radiation response Since the framework chosen allows direct comparison of ... effects of PARP inhibition on exponential phase and growth-arrested populations of glioma cells were validated by the model The observation that δz was a significant parameter in all cases, and that ... radiation-independent drug effects and enabled assessment of the relationship of this variable to radiationdependent effects Conclusion Measurement of radiation responses over a wide range of...
... Validation of this method was done in a sub-sample of the data used on the French on- farm evaluation, IBOVAL, for the Parthenaise breed The trait analysed was the muscular development score at ... merits of animals or groups of animals can be estimated by looking at PEV [5,16] or at CD [17,18] of the corresponding contrast This contrast may be seen as a linear combination of breeding values ... 0.008 Table II Convergence of estimated CD to optimal () CD according to the replication number (Salers application) Replication CD Standard Min Max Correlation Max Mean number (n) mean deviation...
... behavior management The current focus leads managers to biases that are basedon their backgrounds and the singular choice of edu cation, marketing, or force of law as a paradigm of choice Each ... externalities for tobacco use have changed dramatically in the past years, and as a result, policy with respect to managing tobacco usage behavior also has changed The relationship of behavior management ... conceptual frameworkfor social marketing and of showing that social marketing is unique in relation both to commercial marketing and to education and the force of law Within this framework, the manager...
... each relation the address of its parameters Of course, all of them are not to be filled in All the information thus annotated is then translated into an XML format Annotation of the example of ... Table 1: Annotated chunks and relations Annotation formalism The definition of the annotation formalism is the core element of the evaluation process Indeed, the formalism must have a coverage ... either an important set of matching rules, or flexible evaluation methods Prospective Basedon this preliminary research, a larger project for syntactic parser evaluation, named EASY/EVALDA has been...
... 1995 Contextual word similarity and estimation from sparse data Computer, Speech and Language, 9:123–152 Keiji Shinzato, Tomohide Shibata, Daisuke Kawahara, Chikara Hashimoto, and Sadao Kurohashi ... retrieval, and we can use an evaluation measure such as the mean of the precision at top T (MP@T ) or the mean average precision (MAP) For each input word, P@T (precision at top T ) and AP (average ... infrequent observations and thus decreases the expectation value as expected The Bayesian estimation and the expectation calculation in Eq are generally difficult and usually require computationally expensive...
... presented at the American Evaluation Association Annual Conference, Atlanta 1996 15 Dart J, Mayne J: Performance story Encyclopedia of valuation Sage California: Thousand OaksMathison S 2004 ... Geneva Authors’ contributions AR was primarily responsible for the formulation of the evaluation framework and for drafting the paper MZ was primarily responsible for the literature review and AG ... articulated in an achievable and cost effective education and training plan • Fair and transparent selection of fellows basedon established selection criteria • Relevant and appropriate placement of...
... Minneapolis Grain Exchange million Multilateral Trading Facility not applicable National Associationof Securities Dealers National Associationof Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System non-clearing ... types and categories Transaction costs in the Value Provision Network Categorisation of direct transaction costs Categorisation of clearing-related cost of capital Categorisation of clearing-related ... scale effects on transaction costs Transaction Cost Impact Matrix for regionally active clearing members Transaction Cost Impact Matrix for regionally-to-globally active clearing members Transaction...
... collateral and evaluating the value ona daily or ongoing basis The evaluation of collateral can be complex Collateral needs to be evaluated on an ongoing basis to ensure adequate coverage of ... as novation, netting and risk management, as well as transaction/position management, collateral management and cash management The scope of netting and risk management services that a CCP can ... growth of exchangetraded derivatives in the past decade has been accompanied by an increasing internationalisation of the markets and their clearing arrangements.46 Institutional and individual traders...
... that certain integration and harmonisation initiatives between clearing houses can have on the transaction costs of clearing These integration and harmonisation initiatives are referred to as ... a clearing house, which can comprise initial informational, search and contracting costs These costs include the compilation of necessary data and information, consultations with vendors regarding ... clearing status of transactions and monitoring margins via a single interface At the same time, clearing houses update and replace their software and systems periodically, typically ona replacement...
... general relevance of CCP clearing; Part asked for concrete cost data and concerned the transaction cost analysis of derivatives clearing; Part contained closed questions related to analysing demand- ... capital was mainly basedon the following arguments: r collateral-rich clearers have enough capital available; r clearing houses can serve as a cheap form of custody; and r clearing houses pay ... likelihood of failing to gather quantitative cost data via the questionnaire was expected ex ante, a ‘workaround’ enabling a cost calculation was devised The workaround consisted of collecting qualitative...
... pursue a centralisation or regionalisation strategy Centralisation entails the concentration of all clearing-related mechanical and functional activities in one location, because ‘[b]anks which ... initiative depends ona variety of factors, but most importantly on the participation and cooperation of all involved parties; which in turn increases complexity The adoption of standards can concern ... level Because imagine: if I hire one additional risk manager, the cost ratchets up It’s not a clear-cut correlation of one transaction causes an increase of so many percent.124 5.2.8 Non-clearing...
... terms of the ‘advantages of specialisation’ obtained through the division of labour.102 In addition, economies of scale can be elucidated mathematically.103 Learning effects can also generate scale ... variables are basedon publicly available information, which can be found 226 Clearing Services for Global Markets The analysis supports that decreasing average costs are related to an increase ... opportunities and a higher number of transactions available for cross-margining Clearing members benefit from collateral management optimisation through savings in cost of capital and back -of ce costs Additionally,...
... don’t have the capital ofa Morgan Stanley or a Goldman Sachs, so the Asian clearing houses can play a role in representing the financial standing and credit standing of their smaller brokerage ... only allowed to clear their own transactions, Clearing Members can clear their own transactions, their clients’ transactions and those of affiliated exchange participants that not have a clearing ... potential for cost savings for globally active clearers is taken down another notch if an additional fee is charged for the utilisation of the link Regionallyto-globally active clearers will benchmark...
... have thus required ECAG to deal with a greater number of technical, operational and legal adaptations than CCorp Although Phase II has not been implemented to date, both clearing houses had already ... network strategies have varying potential for the realisation of network effects and economies of scale and scope The Transaction Cost Impact Matrix and the Efficiency Impact Matrix analyse whether ... house Clearnet SA This network initiative provides valuable material fora case study analysis for various reasons The transaction constitutes one of Europe’s most recent and important cross-border...
... the only initiative that generates efficiency gains for all clearing members Particular attention must also be given to the impact of harmonisation and integration initiatives on smaller regional ... basic conditions for this goal are transparency and open access To avoid discrimination against classes of participants and competitive distortions, participation requirements should be fair and ... further integration and harmonisation of European capital markets r Clearing links not lead to a concentration of risk at a single market infrastructure and are unlikely to give rise to negative network...
... platform, new release management, testing, etc • Continuous management of IT • Continuous management of IT • Continuous management of IT • Integration of software and hardware • Integration of ... initiatives; and Part asks for basic respondent information Confidentiality and anonymity Please be aware that you must not be worried about the confidentiality of the information you provide, as all ... (application of specific accounting principles, management of accounts at correspondence banks, costs for continuous reconciliation of data, etc.) CCG = Cassa di Compensazione e Garanzia, Italy...
... which are accounted for at a later stage of the calculation of total clearing house charges; refer to step 1.3) r Basedon the publicly available information on the number of cleared contracts ... 484 Appendix 44 How would you classify your organisational structure (i.e functional organisation or organisation according to business areas/asset classes)? Functional organisation Organisation ... effort in mandays No … did you have to adapt your operational/back-office procedures? Yes (no of man-days) (no of man-days) (no of man-days) (no of man-days) (no of man-days)...
... contribution of exchanges to an allocationally efficient market is mainly determined by information and operational efficiency.4 Both are preconditions for achieving allocational efficiency.5 Information ... transaction) as well as for ex post reasons (maladaptation, haggling, establishment, operational and bonding costs) Williamson (1985) argues that two human and three environmental factors trigger transaction ... coordination costs; r cost of control, i.e control and enforcement of legal obligations; and r cost of adaptations to contracts Although the transaction costs related to clearing can be arranged...
... that certain integration and harmonisation initiatives between clearing houses can have on the transaction costs of clearing These integration and harmonisation initiatives are referred to as ... a clearing house, which can comprise initial informational, search and contracting costs These costs include the compilation of necessary data and information, consultations with vendors regarding ... clearing status of transactions and monitoring margins via a single interface At the same time, clearing houses update and replace their software and systems periodically, typically ona replacement...
... general relevance of CCP clearing; Part asked for concrete cost data and concerned the transaction cost analysis of derivatives clearing; Part contained closed questions related to analysing demand- ... capital was mainly basedon the following arguments: r collateral-rich clearers have enough capital available; r clearing houses can serve as a cheap form of custody; and r clearing houses pay ... likelihood of failing to gather quantitative cost data via the questionnaire was expected ex ante, a ‘workaround’ enabling a cost calculation was devised The workaround consisted of collecting qualitative...