... information on the binding of Hg(II) to the corresponding apo-MT form [23] In addition, comparison ofthe two sets of data gives an indication ofthe role of Zn(II) inthe Hg(II)-containing species ... strong in uence of standard variables (pH ofthe solution, reaction time, and binding Table In uence ofthe reaction time (t) and binding ability ofthe counter-ions (X) on the nature and structural ... Notwithstanding this, there is a minor effect of t and X at the beginning and end ofthe titration Thus, the addition ofthe first 4–6 of Hg(II) to apo-MT gives rise to Hg-MT species of comparable...
... feeding in commercial hatcheries may therefore appear evident, in practice theuseof natural plankton often entails many constraints which will be explained in detail in chapter For the industrial ... limiting factors in proper feed selection anduse during the early first-feeding or start-feeding period Moreover, in species such as shrimp, these are not the only problems as the developing ... larvae The aim ofthe present manual was therefore to review and summarise the latest developments concerning the production anduseofthe major live food organisms currently employed in larviculture...
... the advantage of allowing control ofthe quality ofthe cultures The major difficulty in microscopic counts is reproducibility, which is a function ofthe sampling, diluting, and filling ofthe ... According to the algal concentration, the volume ofthe inoculum which generally corresponds with the volume ofthe preceding stage inthe upscaling process, amounts to 2-10% ofthe final culture ... whether the operation aims at the mass-production of larvae for remote setting or growing millions of seed till planting size In either case, the juveniles, representing the largest biomass in the...
... survived the passage ofthe intestinal tract ofthe rotifers are killed as well The concentration ofthe disinfection products differs according to their toxicity andthe initial condition ofthe ... lorica andthe profile ofthe spines and ornaments allow the determination ofthe different species and morphotypes (see 3.4.) The rotifers body is differentiated inTO three distinct parts consisting ... mg.l-1, streptomycin 20 mg.l-1) or a disinfectant The eggs are then separated from the dead bodies on a 50 àm sieve and incubated for hatching andthe offspring used for starting the stock cultures...
... the floating cysts adhere to feet and feathers of birds, and when ingested they remain intact for at least a couple of days inthe digestive tract of birds Consequently the absence of migrating ... parthenogenetic strains, the latter in their turn predominating over Old World bisexuals Inoculation experiments in natural habitats therefore require prior screening of candidate strains andof ... affecting the parental generation For optimal useof Artemia in aquaculture the hatching characteristics of any batch of cysts being used should be known More information in this respect is given in...
... range of salinities, andthe embryo differentiates into a moving nauplius larva A hatching enzyme, secreted inthe head region ofthe nauplius, weakens the hatching membrane and enables the nauplius ... the conditions and techniques applied for harvesting, cleaning, drying and storing ofthe cyst material The impact of most of these processes can be related to effects of dehydration or combined ... triggering mechanism for the induction ofthe state of diapause is however not yet known In principle, Artemia embryos released as cysts inthe medium are in diapause and will not resume their...
... requirements of marine organisms are poorly understood and may be satisfied through the consumption of seawater, the main concern regarding the mineral composition of Artemia is whether they meet the ... The incidence of microbial diseases has increased dramatically along with the degree of intensification inthe larval production of aquaculture species Treating microbial infections in fish and ... necessity of incorporating DHA inthe larval diet of Japanese flounder has also been proven (Table 4.3.10.): theuseof DHA resulting in a much higher survival and growth rate than inthe control...
... factors may influence the feeding behavior of Artemia by affecting the filtration rate, ingestion rate and/ or assimilation: including the quality and quantity ofthe food offered, the developmental ... Bossuyt, E Bruggeman, and P Sorgeloos 1980 New aspects oftheuseof inert diets for high density culturing of brine shrimp In: The brine Shrimp Artemia Vol Ecology, Culturing, Usein Aquaculture G ... (1992) The system does not require theuseof feeding pumps and involves minimal care The pilot system consists of six oval raceway tanks of m3 (see above) and six reservoir tanks ofthe same...
... the acidity ofthe bottom Theuseof organic fertilizers increases the risk of infections This risk can be reduced by composting the manure before use One ofthe main disadvantages of organic ... 10% Increasing or decreasing one ofthe temperature settings will result in a decrease respectively increase ofthe drying time In any case the specific temperature tolerance ofthe strain/batch ... applying the drying on a regular basis Another advantage ofthe fluidized bed dryer is that it virtually eliminates the influence ofthe relative humidity ofthe inlet air (due to the high inlet...
... greater the surface area ofthe net the more effective and rapid the filtration Hence, the upper limit ofthe dimensions ofthe nets depends on the ease of handling rather than anything else The ... gates The amount of zooplankton collected depends on the zooplankton concentration inthe water flowing out ofthe reservoir and on the volume ofthe water leaving the reservoir Again, the nets ... needed, the sediment containing the resting eggs is brought in suspension and sieved through 150 µm and 60 µm sieves The sizefraction containing the resting eggs is then added to tubes containing...
... dwellers) inthe water column, and then removing them by using sieves 6.1.5 Production anduseof resting eggs Resting eggs are interesting material for storage, shipment and starting of new Daphnia ... fertilization increasing during the subsequent weeks from 20 l.m-3.day-1 inthe second week to 30 l.m-3.day-1 inthe following weeks The inoculation ofthe ponds is carried out on the 15th day at a rate of ... samples, rinsing them through a 200 µm sieve and isolating the ephippia under a binocular microscope Normally, these embryos remain in dormancy and require a diapause inhibition to terminate this...
... out ofthe subject-matter ofthe dispute 14 Unless the arbitral tribunal determines otherwise because ofthe particular circumstances ofthe case, the expenses ofthe tribunal, including the ... an interest of a legal nature inthe subject-matter ofthe dispute, and which may be affected by a decision inthe case, may intervene inthe proceedings with the consent ofthe tribunal 16 The ... functions: (a) The convening and preparing of meetings ofthe Parties; (b) The transmission to the Parties of reports and other information received in accordance with the provisions of this Convention;...
... tie the upper set at the back of your head andthe lower set at the base of your neck If a mask has elastic head bands, separate the two bands, hold the mask in one hand andthe bands inthe other ... are the parts that will be touched when removing PPE These include inside the gloves; inside and back ofthe gown, including the ties; andthe ties, elastic, or ear pieces ofthe mask, goggles and ... and shoulder, peel away from the shoulders Slip the fingers of one hand under the cuff ofthe opposite arm Pull the hand into the sleeve, grasping the gown from inside Reach across and push the...
... further The fine organic matter, and humus in particular, have the following properties: The preparation anduseof compost ? it improves the soil structure ? it improves the resistance ofthe ... developing countries and for anybody with an interest in composting and organic fertilizers Figure 1: Turning compost (Source: KIOF) Reasons for composting Fertilizing: the role of organic matter and ... Fertilizing with compost means, apart from fertilizing the plants, also making useofthe good properties of organic material as mentioned inthe section above Adding compost to sandy soils increases...
... Putting a simple roof above the place where the compost is made protects the heap against the sun and against the rain The protection against these climatic influences will improve the composting ... otherwise the temperature inthe heap remains low and decomposition is too slow and incomplete During the maturation phase the volume ofthe heap decreases; the heap sags in, as it were Setting ... practice of composting In this chapter the important aspects of compost making are explained Attention must be given to the composition ofthe organic material andthe location ofthe heap The measurements...
... easier and more hygienic to practice composting near the house The barrel also regulates the air, humidity and temperature during composting ? Preparing the barrel Paint the inside ofthe barrel ... from the barrel through the bottom hole and add it again to the decomposing organic matter inthe barrel In this way the loss of nutrients is diminished to a minimum ? Filling the barrel in one ... from rusting Make three holes (1 cm in diameter) around the top third andthe bottom third ofthe barrel, at a distance of 52 cm from each other Make another hole of cm inthe base ofthe barrel...
... fertilizers are being used, the farmer needs to take care ofthe organic matter content ofthe soil An integrated approach, combining the application of compost with an application of artificial ... holes in which the trees are planted Cover the compost again with the soil from the bottom ofthe pit, to prevent the compost from drying out See also Agrodok no 19: Propagating and planting trees ... air can reach the inside ? Mix the compost heap every two weeks by bringing the material at the bottom up to the top andthe material at the top down to the bottom After two months the compost...
... advisable to usethe anaerobic process The start ofthe preparation, the mixing andthe watering is the same as inthe aerobic process When the mixing is done, you have to pack the mixture in large ... with the following: ? Creating awareness and providing practical training in organic farming to farmers ? On-farm trials and data gathering in organic farming in medium and high potential areas in ... ? Gathering and disseminating information on organic farming throughout Eastern Africa ? Stimulating formation of organizations and networks on organic farming 64 The preparation anduseof compost...
... corresponding to the points of πi Then every max of Ω1 intersects every max of Ω2 in a convex subspace of diameter 2n − Let X denote the set of points which are contained in a max of Ω1 and a max of ... subspace through x meeting α in a space β of dimension n − Then α is the projection of α onto A Suppose α ∈ Hπ If u is a point of α contained in π, then the line xu is contained in α , proving ... called the quads, hexes, respectively maxes, of ∆ The points and lines contained in a convex subspace of diameter δ ≥ define a dual polar spaceof rank δ In particular, the points and lines contained...