... maintain continuity, or 213R-20 ACI COMMITTEE REPORT Fig 4.13—Micrograph ofcontactzone Table 4 .1—Microhardness inandbeyondthecontactzone c/z ofconcretewithdiffering w/cm andvariouscoarse ... °C) (Khokrin 1973) , the quality and integrity ofthecontactzoneof lightweight concrete is considerably improved As the onset of microcracking is most often initiated at the weak link interface ... the effect ofthe interface flaws linking up with microcracking inthe mortar phase ofthe matrix The phenomenon of bleed water collecting and being trapped under coarse particles of lightweight...
... metal skin would coincide withthe angle of inclination ofthe principal tensile strain as determined from the deformations ofthe skin, the transverse frames, andthe longitudinal stringers This ... depends on the magnitude ofthe shear, the strains ofthe struts and stirrups on the longitudinal strain εx inthe middle ofthe web, and on the crack spacing The results in Fig 3.3 support the notion ... ofthe inclined 445R-18 MANUAL OFCONCRETE PRACTICE cracks Then, the principal tensile strain, ε1, inthe web andthe widths ofthe inclined cracks are calculated, as inthe MCFT, discussed in...
... height ofthe inner cylinder in relation to the sample mix inthe outer cylinder The top-ring also minimises additional shearing at the top ofthe inner cylinder caused by surface tension The device ... is the effective height ofthe inner cylinder (m) as shown in Fig.2.11, Ri the radius ofthe inner cylinder (m), and Ro the radius ofthe outer cylinder (m), according to Fig.2.9 By substituting ... a linear line indicating that as theconcrete is being sheared in a decreasing shear stress environment, the rate of decrease inthe shear stress is proportional to the rate of decrease in the...
... from the viewpoint ofthe stability ofvarious concretes Studies ofthe resistance ofconcrete have shown that the deterioration intensifies in hot water and due to the swelling oftheconcreteand ... penetration of additional chloride ions, and ends up spalling oftheconcrete owing to the expansive forces resulting from the formation of rust This spalling oftheconcrete exposes a new concrete ... marine structures include: the USS Selma, the ship Atlantus; a floating dock in Genoa Habour and a underwater oil storage tank in 150m of water inthe North Sea off the west coast of Scotland The...
... impact on the cost ofthe system Standardization ofthe guideway components can lead to cost savings During the planning and design stages ofthe transit system, the benefits of standardizing the structural ... reinforcement passing through the joint in 0.0 the tension zone: 366.1R-26 MANUAL OFCONCRETE INSPECTION l With bonded non-prestressed reinforcement passing through the joint inthe tension zone: ... aggregates, the water-cement ratio ofthe mix, the type andthe duration of curing, surface-to-volume ratio ofthe member, the ambient temperature and relative humidity at the time of placing the concrete...
... least at the beginning inthe stage of technology examination, by shaping the plan as simple as possible within the practicability limit The span length ofthe building in Fig 1.3 is m in both ... 1905 The first all RC building was a warehouse in Kobe, designed by Naoji Shiraishi, a professor of civil engineering ofthe University of Tokyo and a member ofthe Institute of Civil Engineers of ... that were investigated inthe technology examination ofthe Building Center of Japan This is probably the most regular ofthe all, but other plans investigated inthe technology examination were...
... (1.8 m) in front ofthe dam, as shown in Fig 2, and backfilling the space withcoarse aggregate during the winter when the reservoir was empty The aggregate was grouted in late spring in a 10-day ... segregation of sand and an increased water-cementitious material ratio inthe vicinity ofthe end ofthe pipe It is important that the rate of grout rise within the aggregate be controlled to eliminate ... to the strength of PA concrete made withthe same grout The reason for this is that cube or cylinder testing does not reveal the weakening effect of excessive bleeding ofthe grout within the...
... unsigned int M, int *h, unsigned int L, int *out, int *x, int index) ; where in is the pointer to the input data buffer in[ ] M defines the number of , samples inthe input data buffer in [] h is the ... bmw.m given inthe software package The addition ofthe second cosine term in (5.3.25) has the effect of increasing the width ofthe mainlobe (50 percent), but at the same time improving the peak-to-sidelobe ... (or ripples) in its magnitude response As the length ofthe filter is increased, the number of ripples in both passband and stopband increases, andthe width ofthe ripples decrease The ripple...
... are in general the purest expression ofthe art ofthe structural engineer The core disciplines in their design are the theory of structures, the behaviour and strength of materials andthe search ... depends firstly on the engineer being skilled and confident inthe technical domain, and secondly inthe architect having a genuine interest and feeling for engineering structures Even engineers who have ... This minority requires different training from the majority They need to develop an intuitive understanding ofthe behaviour of structures, a thorough understanding ofthe nature ofthe various...
... concrete carrying with it SO2 and CO2 gases from the air inthe form of weak acids The resulting corrosion ofthe steel andthe increase in pressure spalls theconcrete Parts to be encased inconcrete ... forces The structural behaviour of a steel element depends on the nature ofthe forces, the length and shape ofthe cross section ofthe member, the elastic properties andthe magnitude ofthe yield ... Chapter / Actions inthe assessment ofthe effects of actions, and uncertainties inthe assessment ofthe limit state considered The design value of an action is obtained by multiplying the characteristic...
... [38,40] The changes engineered inthe sequence ofthe peptide, either through the nature ofthe side chain ofthe new amino acids or through their non-native conformational features, increase the ... According to studies of CRH binding to single bilayer egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles, the development ofthe intramolecular interaction withthe cell membrane is accompanied by the induction of ... 12–20 Indeed, helix bending diminishes the exposure ofthe hydrophobic core of Phe12, Aib15 and Val18 to the solvent, while establishing the structural basis for the side-chain interaction of the...
... group ofthe ligand andthe NH2 of Asn470 (equivalent to Asn710 in DPP-IV) Another potential bond can be proposed between the OH atom of Tyr380 andthe carbonyl group ofthe ligand Finally, the ... Superposition ofthe active and specificity sites ofthe S9 enzymes porcine POP (cyan) and human DPP-IV (orange) The stacking withthe substrate proline is ensured by Trp595 in POP instead of Tyr380 in PepX ... residues involved in positioning the substrate inthe active site (labelled Pos1 to Pos4); residues involved inthe stabilization ofthe substrate inthe active site (Stb1 and Stb2); those forming the...
... dean ofthe College of Engineering at University of Hawaii at Manoa He was a George E Goodwin Distinguished Professor of Civil Engineering and head ofthe Department of Structural Engineering ... the editor -in- chief for the popular 1995 Civil Engineering Handbook, the 1997 Structural Engineering Handbook, the 1999 Bridge Engineering Handbook, andthe 2002 Earthquake Engineering Handbook ... edition ofthe Handbook of Chemistry and Physics In recent years, we have had an increasing number of requests for reprintings of portions of our handbooks to fit a narrower scope of interest than the...
... one interval During the ith interval, the access point calculates the tag over the beacon frame with ki from the key chain Then, the beacon frame with its tag is transmitted to the stations The ... andthe rest ofthe packets are dropped Al these UDP packets inthe queue must wait there until the end ofthe attacks Therefore, inthe standard model, delay ofthe UDP packets after the attacks ... value ofthe TS security field In this phase, the sender station determines creation time ofthe outgoing control frame Then, this value is tagged into the TS field ofthe control frame andthe frame...