SHOPPING NEWS JOHN COKLEY PhD loves journalism, having written for and produced newspapers, magazines, books, broadcasting and online content since 1981 He has been recognised twice as an awardwinning leader in innovation and is an Adjunct Associate Professor in the School of Humanities at Griffith University, Australia John was the first Associate Professor in Journalism appointed at Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne, Australia (2012–14) and the first Journalist-in-Residence at Griffith University (2002) He holds a Bachelor of Business and tertiary qualifications in education and religious studies, including a current Certificate IV in Training & Assessment for vocational education John’s doctoral research focussed on innovative news gathering and publishing and he is now the CEO of Edupreneur Services International He’s passionate about changing and improving journalism, about researching and encouraging citizen journalism, and to lead his students, and anybody else, out of the old journalism and into the new John is also the author of the ‘citizen journalism’ entry in the new Companion to the Australian Media edited by Professor Bridget Griffen-Foley and just released by Australian Scholarly Publishing To Pip Hanrick and our children Liam and Erin SHOPPING NEWS Agenda Finding: what the audience does before the news John Cokley AU S T R A L I A N S C H O L A R LY © 2015 John Cokley and Edupreneur Services International ISBN 978-192-500-33-83 First published 2015 by Australian Scholarly Publishing Pty Ltd Lt Lothian St North, North Melbourne, Victoria 3051 www.scholarly.info / enquiries@scholarly.info / (61) (3) 93296963 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Contents A note about referencing and linking Prologue 8 The standard approach A new approach Shopping as a model and simulation 13 Project Overview 17 Part – The Shopping 18 On the island 18 Getting to the shop 26 Look & feel, location 26 Tempting you there (and inside) 54 Inevitable shops you don’t think about ‘getting to’ 59 Inside the shop 62 The promise 62 Packaging and people 77 What happens next 98 The moment of ‘receipt’ 98 Customer relationship management 101 Agenda-finding at home 104 Hearth and heart 104 The Shopping News Kitchen Table™ database 115 So … how might a journalist find out what people want? 116 Making it work – The Shopping News Kitchen Table™ 119 Another method – The Audience Soundtrack Analyser™ 121 Part – Shopping and journalism: By-products of Agenda-Finding 125 The New Four and 16 new models for journalism action 125 Journalism is grown and cultivated 125 Everything comes in something 126 Everything costs something 126 Suspicious minds 126 Working through the New Four 128 Shopping News News as product 128 Model 1: Range and price 128 Model 2: Sales helpers 129 Model 3: Labelling 136 Model 4: Stock management 152 Model 5: Packaging 152 Model 6: Pricing 154 Model 7: A news sign 157 Model 8: Selling 158 Model 9: Customer relationship management 159 Model 10: Accuracy 164 Model 11: Move away from lists 166 Model 12: Move towards tables 168 Model 13: Change newsroom routines 173 Model 14: Emotions 178 Model 15: Pursue customer satisfaction 180 Model 16: Meet and greet 185 Conclusions 187 Two new decision-support toolkits 187 Summary 187 News reductionism 193 What the Journalist Does Next 194 Making journalism work 199 The real-world problems 199 The real-world solutions 204 References 207 A note about referencing and linking Researchers and scholars normally cite works by other researchers and scholars as a way of demonstrating the validity or strength of their own new thinking This effectively imports the strength of the cited work as a way of strengthening one’s own work Naturally I have adopted this very conventional ‘inward’ method in Shopping News because I want to stand on the shoulders of giants … but I have also adopted a new ‘outward’ convention which encourages my readers to learn more than is immediately available in my text by venturing out into the giant database that is the World Wide Web, especially that slightly-smaller-than-the-Web database, Wikipedia This applies Reed’s Law1 which holds that networking, especially to group-forming networks such as Wikipedia and most social media, improves the value of any existing body of knowledge or network, such as this book, which is both a body of knowledge and a network of existing scholars, demonstrated through my lattice of references So don’t be disturbed by my inclusion here of references to Wikipedia articles, as these are ‘outward’ references intended for you to extend your understanding of the topic As Shopping News is published and read as an eBook, these outward references become hypertext links which transform this one book into a network of ever-expanding knowledge Shopping News PROLOGUE The standard approach Audience studies typically observe what people with news, or sometimes the effects that news has on audience members This can be measured in audience recall of news stories, or purchasing behaviour Sometimes audience consumption behaviour is measured by eye-tracking research2,3,4 or using meters5 or ‘cultural probes’ such as described by Khalil6 Audience opinions are typically discovered through surveys which pitch a range of questions on focussed topics at systematically selected, usually randomised populations Compared with those kinds of research, it’s comparatively rare for journalism researchers to take the time to study a community with a blank slate in hand to ‘see what’s going on’ This kind of research is mostly undertaken by sociologists interested in significant social problems such as homelessness7,8 or the actions of minority groups such as motorcycle gangs9 It would be time consuming and expensive It would also conflict with conventional sociological theories about how media audiences operate and ‘what journalists are for’10 The ‘blank slate’ approach poses a different fundamental assumption, that journalists should serve their audiences’ needs – and thus try to discover what these might be – rather than serving more altruistic taken-for-granted masters such as ‘truth’ and ‘democracy’ It challenges conventional Uses & Gratifications theory11 that audience members use news products to satisfy or gratify their needs It critically revisits the so-far under-contested conventions of newsworthiness criteria12,13,14 and it undermines accepted theories of Agenda Setting15 and Gatekeeping16 practices, which fundamentally posit that journalists manipulate audiences A new approach I suggest another way of seeing journalism enterprises which has not yet been adequately discussed but which is introduced in Shopping News: journalism as the provider of a solution for identifiable realworld problems experienced by individuals and communities, in the Prologue same way that science, engineering, law and manufacturing seek to provide solutions to real-world problems17 Understanding journalism products as solutions to real-world problems demystifies them and allows us to cost them out and assign a price which reflects both the demand among the community for the real-world solution and the costs involved in its production The process of costing a product (‘cost accounting’) is essential for working out the capital and ongoing investment required to supply that product (‘management accounting’) and thus for assigning a price which covers that investment and also provides a profitable return (of which ‘productivity’ is one aspect) which in turn encourages further investment and continued supply It should be clear to every journalist, every publisher, every journalism student and every consumer of journalism products that the single most important thing missing from journalism in the 21st century has been an ability to judge the cost of supplying journalism products against whatever demand is evident in the community: in other words, no one has seriously conducted a real-world benefit-cost analysis of journalism I think this is a result of a more fundamental problem, which is our failure as journalists to identify the real-world problems for which we are proposing to supply solutions the real benefits of our work This is not the same as the question ‘what is journalism?’18 or ‘what are journalists for?’19 In many ways, the continual return by journalists and journalism studies scholars to a theoretical, sociological or political definition of journalism sidesteps and even undermines the important quest for a real selling point for journalism We might agree that having journalists around in society is nice and ‘good for democracy’ but if journalists can’t see every day that members of society are willing to support that agreement specifically and concretely, with funds, then journalism will disappear from society Thus I am asking the question: ‘what are journalists good for?’ so we can try to identify what we’re actually selling In that way I try to burrow down to identify the real-world problems we are trying to solve and how much each solution might cost, and subsequently be sold for Real-world solutions are fluid and often ambiguous and one of the skills of engineering, for instance, is to correctly identify the problem before proceeding to suggest and identify a solution A beautiful bridge, for instance, adds to the scenic amenity of its environment and increases cross-river economic trade and cultural exchange … Shopping News but the real-world problem to solve first is exactly how to build a useful bridge to cross the gap from here to there, support the weight and movement of traffic and stay up for a predictable length of time with normal maintenance The International Space Station delivers wonderful prospects for explorers, for scientists, for travellers and for astronomers, but the real-world problem before any other is how to deliver to orbit and construct in space a structure that will reliably contain astronauts and breathable air, exclude space junk and radiation, accept docking space ships from Earth, and remain in orbit without crashing down or zooming off into the heavens Engineers also provide real world answers for media problems by enabling communications, editing, typesetting and printing solutions Lawyers provide a solution for a real-world media problem by protecting intellectual property through contracts But on even smaller everyday scales there are also ideal examples of solutions to real-world problems which are plain and easy to understand One afternoon in June 2014, I paid $3.75 for a 375ml Musashi P30 low-fat protein strawberry smoothie flavoured milk drink, packaged in a Combibloc® cardboard container with a straw As I sipped the milk through the straw which pierced the tiny foilcovered hole, I read the strawberry-coloured label on the back and realised I was reading a summary of the problems and the solutions which this product offered: P30 Strawberry Smoothie delivers an average of 30g of high quality protein in a great tasting drink quickly and conveniently High in calcium and low in fat, P30 Milk is perfect for active people with on-the-go lifestyles Designed to assist with: muscle recovery after exercise; building and maintaining lean muscle mass; energy and muscle glycogen stores Firstly, this product delivers something at a specified quantity, rate and quality: ‘an average of 30g of high quality protein in a great tasting drink quickly and conveniently’ The delivery happens in four ways: first by manufacturing the drink with the required ingredients so that it demonstrates the required characteristics; secondly by enclosing that drink in a container which can be (a) delivered by a truck, (b) stored on a refrigerated shelf in a supermarket and then (c) held and used by a customer; thirdly the product delivers the drink through a straw engineered to be of a certain size and flow rate; and finally, the straw is contained in a plastic envelope which is glued to the outside 10 Notes 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 Survey/Travel–by–Australians–March–Quarter–2010.pdf, retrieved June 13, 2010 http://www.ret.gov.au/tourism/Documents/tra/National%20Visitor%20 Survey/Travel–by–Australians–March–Quarter–2010.pdf, retrieved July 13, 2010 As a guest of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting service (IRIB) Hotel details retrieved on December 24, 2011: http://www.esteghlalhotel com/index.aspx?siteid=28&pageid=1714 http://www.bluegumridge.com.au/, retrieved January 9, 2012 http://www.graemeleak.com/recent–work, retrieved December 30, 2011 http://www.bigassfans.com.au/how_do_they_work, retrieved December 30, 2011 http://www.peppers.com.au/spicers/, retrieved Nov 10, 2010 http://www.koonyumretreat.com.au/ http://www.summitrestaurant.com.au/about/aboutthesummit/tabid/2975/ language/en–US/Default.aspx http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia_Square http://www.tour–eiffel.fr/teiffel/uk/pratique/faq/index.html, retrieved Oct 30, 2010 http://www.louvre.fr/llv/commun/home.jsp, retrieved Oct 30, 2010 http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/detail_ notice.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_ id=10134198673226065&CURRENT_LLV_NOTICE%3C%3Ecnt_ id=10134198673226065&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_ id=9852723696500776&bmLocale=en, retrieved Oct 30, 2010 http://www.britishmuseum.org/about_us/the_museums_story/reading_ room.aspx By time of writing, total bookings had reached 530, according to the website An Australian woman from the state of New South Wales had been among those who had booked a fully–paid ticket on the company’s ‘SpaceShipTwo’ and expects to be among the first 100 customers to fly (Spencer & Killeen 2008) Three other tickets had been sold in Australia at time of writing – one each in the mining–boom state capitals of Perth, Western Australia, and Brisbane, Queensland, and a third unidentified at time of writing: these three had booked and paid deposits on tickets further ‘down the queue’ (with deposits from $US20,000 to $US175,000) At least 13 travel agents in Australia and five in New Zealand had registered with Virgin Galactic by 2013 to retail these and more tickets: one agency in Perth, six in New South Wales, five in Queensland and one in Victoria (Virgin Galactic 2013) At least one other Australian is known to have booked with Virgin direct through its website (Killeen 2008) See http://www.econnect.com.au/pdf/dino_track.pdf for details Coleman, Peter (2006), p78 http://www.wem.ca/#/main/home/Main–Home, retrieved Oct 24, 2010 Coleman, Peter (2006) p168 So says a plaque on the Q–Desk observation platform at the 77th floor; also http://www.q1.com.au/home.html, retrieved Oct 24, 2010 213 Shopping News 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 http://themeparks.universalstudios.com/index.php Coleman, Peter (2006) p242 Coleman, Peter (2006) p242, citing Cockram, 2003) http://www.baa.com/assets/Internet/BAA%20Airports/Downloads/ Static%20files/10–year_record_of_statistics_nonLGW.pdf, retrieved Oct 24, 2010 Visits between 2007–2010, and http://www.changiairport.com/shopping– and–dining/shopping/, retrieved Oct 24, 2010 Coleman, Peter (2006) p244 Coleman, Peter (2006) pp245–246 Coleman, Peter (2006) p246 http://www.lawa.org/welcome_LAX.aspx?id=256, retrieved September 20, 2010 http://www.gordonramsay.com/planefood/, retrieved Jan 19, 2011 http://www.lodgenet.com/AboutUs/Pages/Home.aspx, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://partners.cnn.com/, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://www.chami.com/tips/internet/110599i.html Selected images available on our website http://www eatdrinksleepshopaustralia.com ‘Range and price’ will later become a prime consideration in one of my suggested new business models for journalism Matt Roman of Piefection, Brisbane Cokley 2009 See http://pumptv.com.au/pumptv/ http://www.q–matic.com/, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://www.q–matic.com/en/int/what–we–do/virtual–queuing/, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://www.checkpointsystems.com/EUR/products–services/Meto– Solutions/Turnomatic%20–%20Customer%20Service%20Enhancement aspx, retrieved Jan 16, 2012 http://www.news.com.au/business/breaking–news/receivers–appointed–to– brisbane–tunnel/story–e6frfkur–1226012108880#ixzz1htJuQGQc http://www.bankers.asn.au/Default.aspx?ArticleID=593 http://www.choice.com.au/blog/2011/december/bank–profits.aspx http://www.fabcnsw.org.au/fabc/about_abc.html http://www.pipenetworks.com/aboutus.php http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business–11571833, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 http://www.whitbread.co.uk/investors/, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business–11571833, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/business/business–news/whitbread–on– expansion–drive–after–28–profit–rise–14982092.html, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 http://online.hemscottir.com/ir/wtb/ir_redesign.jsp?page=news– item&item=520650968008950, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk–politics–11579979, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f41f3718–dc39–11df–a9a4–00144feabdc0 html, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 214 Notes 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 http://www.whitbread.co.uk/about_us.cfm?id=what_makes_us_different, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 The WINCard is a set of key performance indicators using the balanced scorecard approach, discussed in a later chapter, but see http://annualreport whitbread.co.uk/strategy–progress/kpis.aspx, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 http://www.whitbread.co.uk/about_us.cfm?id=what_makes_us_different, retrieved Oct 20, 2010 http://www.tescoplc.com/plc/ retrieved Oct 16, 2010 http://www.tescoplc.com/plc/about_us/values/ retrieved Oct 16, 2010 Coleman, Peter (2006) Shopping Environments: Evolution, Planning and Design, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Boston P.5 Coleman, Peter (2006) p Yarrow, Kit & O’Donnell, Jayne (2009) Gen Buy: How Tweens, Teens and Twenty–Somethings are Revolutionizing Retail, Jossey–Bass, Wiley, San Francisco, p 178 Yarrow & O’Donnell, p 123 Shops as entertainment spaces, http://davidbarrie.typepad.com/david_ barrie/2010/06/the–peoples–supermarket.html http://www.retail2020.com/ retrieved July 29, 2010 Coleman, Peter (2006) pp 5–7 http://www.google.com.au/intl/en/corporate/software_principles.html, retrieved Nov 17, 2010 http://www.google.com/enterprise/end_user_experience.html, retrieved Nov 17, 2010 http://www.google.com/corporate/ux.html, retrieved Nov 17, 2010 These ‘sales helpers’ form another of my suggested new business models later in Shopping News Yarrow & O’Donnell (2009) p 172 Yarrow & O’Donnell (2009) p 173 http://www.alinearestaurant.com/pages/menus/menu.html, retrieved Nov 11, 2010, after viewing the documentary Grant Achatz – At the Table With on SBS Australia, Nov 9, 2010, see http:// www.foodnetwork.ca/ontv/shows/at–the–table–with/episode html?titleid=111987&episodeid=115483&seasonid=115477 Cokley, J & Volcic, Z (2009) ‘Body Image Drives new Environment for News Delivery’, Asia–Pacific Business Review 5(2):49–60 http://www.netpulse.com/fitness_clubs.html#, retrieved Nov 19, 2010 http://www.ifholdings.com/experience/connect.html, retrieved Nov 19, 2010 Bloomer, Rebecca, personal communication, August 2010 See http:// bloowillbooks.com/, retrieved Oct 24, 2010, used with permission The Célinette Le Blog, http://www.thecelinette.net/archive/2010/09/02/ sarah–dolle–la–modeste–modiste.html, retrieved Nov 10, 2010 http://hinddesign.wordpress.com/2010/10/08/hello–world/, retrieved Nov 10, 2010 http://www.crabtree–evelyn.com.au/Crabtree.AU54/home.aspx, retrieved July 12, 2010 http://www.fragonard.com/, retrieved Nov 19, 2010 215 Shopping News 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 http://www.harveynichols.com/, retrieved Nov 8, 2010, visited in person, Nov 4, 2010 http://www.paddysmarkets.com.au/, retrieved Nov 19, 2010 http://au.tiffany.com/, retrieved Nov 19, 2010 http://www.toysoldiers.com.au/, retrieved July 13, 2010 Yarrow, Kit & O’Donnell, Jayne (2009) Gen Buy: How Tweens, Teens and Twenty–Somethings are Revolutionizing Retail, Jossey–Bass, Wiley, San Francisco Underhill, Paco (1999) p.240 Yarrow, Kit & O’Donnell, Jayne (2009) p 136 Yarrow, Kit & O’Donnell, Jayne (2009) pp.65, 90, 91, 151 Yarrow, Kit & O’Donnell, Jayne (2009) p 57 Yarrow, Kit & O’Donnell, Jayne (2009) p.117 Underhill, Paco (1999) p 114–115 Yarrow, Kit & O’Donnell, Jayne (2009) p 56 Yarrow Kit & O’Donnell, Jayne (2009) p.148 Underhill, Paco (1999) Why We Buy: The Science of Shopping, Simon & Schuster, New York, P 205 http://www.breconwater.co.uk/, retrieved Oct 18, 2010 http://www.unilever.com.au/brands/personalcarebrands/lux_products/ Lux_body_wash.aspx, retrieved Oct 18, 2010 Lindstrom, Martin (2008) Buyology: How Everything We Believe About Why We Buy Is Wrong, Random House Business, New York http://www.vastinterior.com.au/, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 http://www.pattiflynn.com/index.html, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 Yes, we recognise there are 18 syllables in this, not the more standard 17, but it’s her poem after all http://www.spotlight.com.au/ http://www.freedom.com.au/ http://www.fragonard.com/parfums_grasse/eaux–de–toilette/eclat–c–55 htm, retrieved Nov 10, 2010 http://www.fragonard.com/parfums_grasse/men/desert–c–221.htm, retrieved Nov 10, 2010 http://www.fragonard.com/parfums_grasse/eaux–de–toilette/cette–nuit– la–c–198.htm, retrieved Nov 10, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denali_National_Park_and_Preserve, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 http://www.mecsw.com/specs/speclist.html Walker, David (personal communication October 2010) http://www.lidl.co.uk/cps/rde/xchg/lidl_uk/hs.xsl/4035.htm, retrieved Nov 11, 2010 http://www.jdwetherspoon.co.uk/home/pubs/wetherspoons–victoria– station–concourse, retrieved Nov 4, 2010 One of what I call the New Four concepts discussed in the third part of Shopping News See http://www.cellarnotes.net/bottleshapes.html, retrieved Jan 17, 2010 http://www.tasting–wine.com/articles/wine–accessories–and–equipment/ wine–bottles.php, see also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_bottle, both 216 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 retrieved Jan 16, 2011 http://www.grantswhisky.com/our–story/our–bottle/ http://www.frangelico.com/info/default.asp http://www.eristoff.com/default.aspx http://www.delonghi.com.au/ http://www.growingknowledge.bl.uk/, retrieved Nov 3, 2010 http://lion–nathan.com.au/brands/producing–great–brews/beer–and– food/, retrieved Nov 3, 2010 http://www.harrods.com/harrodsstore/, retrieved Nov 4, 2010 http://www.harveynichols.com/, retrieved Nov 4, 2010 http://s7ondemand4.scene7.com/s7ondemand/brochure/ flash_brochure.jsp?company=Harrods&sku=Restaurant_Seafood_ menu&rw=false&el=large&vli=100, retrieved Nov 4, 2010 http://www.edible.com/, retrieved Nov 4, 2010 http://www.edible.com/shop/herbivore/civet%20coffee/, retrieved Nov 4, 2010 http://www.edible.com/shop/insectivore/giant%20toasted%20 leafcutter%20ants/, retrieved Nov 4, 2010 http://www.edible.com/shop/herbivore/monkey%20picked%20tea/, retrieved Nov 4, 2010 http://www.mitsubishi–motors.com.au/, retrieved Jan 26, 2011 http://www.mitsubishi–motors.com.au/vehicles/4wd/asx/, retrieved Jan 26, 2011 http://www.imsdb.com/scripts/You%27ve–Got–Mail.html, retrieved Jan 26, 2011 http://www.abercrombiekent.com.au/, retrieved Jan 5, 2011 https://www.caviarhouse–prunier.com/, retrieved Nov 9, 2010, viewed at Hong Kong Nov 6, 2010 Underhill, Paco (1999) p 132–133 The Australian conglomerate MyFun.com.au http://myfun.com.au/ http://www.peppers.com.au/, retrieved July 12, 2010 http://www.worldstadiums.com/, retrieved July 12, 2010 http://www.glastonburyfestivals.co.uk/, retrieved July 12, 2010 http://www.splendourinthegrass.com http://www.livenation.com/, retrieved July 12, 2010 http://www.ticketmastereurope.com/, retrieved July 12, 2010 http://www.ticketmaster.com/international?tm_link=abouttm_global, retrieved July 12, 2010 http://www.aegisplc.com/ http://www.mitchells.com.au/ http://www.connexionfrance.com/bakers–fight–to–stay–off– breadline–10879–news–article.html, retrieved Oct 21, 2010 Matthieu Lardeau, personal communication, Oct 7, 2010 http://www.coca–cola.com.au/, retrieved Jan 21, 2011 http://www.facebook.com/glaceauvitaminwateranz, posted by moderator Jan 17, 2011, retrieved Jan 21, 2011 http://www.happs.com.au/preservative–free.html, retrieved Jan 21, 2011 http://www.highland–spring.com/ 217 Shopping News 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 http://www.soilassociation.org/ http://www.ethical–company–organisation.org/the–good–shopping–guide htm http://merlo.com.au/ourstory/ourvalues/sociallyaware.aspx, retrieved March 10, 2011 http://www.amnesty.org.au/news/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.greenpeace.org/australia/news–and–events/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.redcross.org.au/default.asp, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.muslimngos.com/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://anglicansonline.org/news/official.html, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.catholicnews.com/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.orange–order.co.uk/chronicle/index.php, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.mormontimes.com/, http://www.scientologynews.org/, http:// www.hinduismtoday.com/, and http://www.buddhistchannel.tv/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.jdwetherspoon.co.uk/home/food http://www.walkers.co.uk/?redirect=null http://www.walkers.co.uk/rainyday/home/default.aspx#/nations– favourite/100–percent–british–potatoes £1.20 from Cardiff University vending machine, Oct 3, 2010 http://corporate.marksandspencer.com/aboutus, retrieved Oct 17, 2010 http://www.lovepotatoes.co.uk/maris–piper/, retrieved Oct 3, 2010 http://www.papier–mettler.com/EN_Products_Environmentally–friendly– packaging_Ecoloop.htm, retrieved Oct 3, 2010 http://www.groundwork.org.uk/, retrieved Oct 17, 2010 http://plana.marksandspencer.com/about/partnerships/groundwork, retrieved Oct 17, 2010 http://www.quilton.com.au/, retrieved Jan 21, 2011 http://www.proinfo.tv/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.tellitec.eu/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.accenthealthmedia.com/waiting_room_network.shtml, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Reach–Media–Group–Extends–bw– 3014844310.html?x=0&.v=1, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.dtcperspectives.com/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.pharmacychannel.tv/, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.nps.org.au/about_us/who_we_are/history, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 http://www.nps.org.au/search_by_medicine_name, retrieved Nov 16, 2010 Now part of the globalised Philips oral Healthcare http://www philipsoralhealthcare.com/, retrieved January 11, 2012 http://www.opalescence.com/, retrieved January 11, 2012 http://www.invisalign.com.au/en/Pages/Home.html, retrieved January 11, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_raw_fish_dishes, retrieved Oct 17, 2010 218 Notes 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 http://www.tableofplenty.com.au/index.asp retrieved Jan 30, 2011 http://www.malaysiakini.com/ http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ Neal’s Yard Dairy in London for example, http://www.nealsyarddairy.co.uk/ Samie’s Girl in Brisbane, http://www.samiesgirl.com.au/home.html As happened at the Spur Steak Ranch restaurant in Grahamstown, South Africa, http://www.spur.co.za/Home http://www.theweddingbinder.co.uk/listings/84994/42833.php, retrieved Oct 30, 2010 http://kinnonandco.com.au/station–store/, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 www.madamefromage.com, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 http://www.foodtravelexperts.com/brand–profile///3/upper–crust/english, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 http://www.foodtravelexperts.com/international/home/, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 Thanks to my student who is a staff member there http://www.iviewsurveys.com.au/mrIWeb/mrIWeb.dll http://www.iview com.au/, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://www.traveline–cymru.info/do–you–like–our–new–site/, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://www.cardiffbus.com/jobs.shtml, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://www.debenhams.com/, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://www.empathica.com/about.html, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 http://www2.fizzback.com/, retrieved Oct 31, 2010 (http://research.opinionguru.com/, retrieved September 23, 2010 Djerf–Pierre, M (2007) ‘The gender of journalism: The structure and logic of the field in the twentieth century’ Nordicom Review, 28, 81 Bro, Peter (2008) ‘Normative navigation in the news media’, Journalism 2008; 9; 309 ABS, Australian Bureau of Statistics (2009) Australian Social Trends 4102.0, 2009 http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/ LookupAttach/4102.0Publication25.03.095/$File/41020_Householdwork pdf, retrieved March 3, 2010 ABS, Australian Social Trends 4102.0, 2009 ABS 2009 http://www.melbourneinstitute.com/hilda/ Karvelas, P & Baxendale, R (2014) ‘Women earning more but still doing chores’, The Australian, June 16, 2014, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/ business/economics/women–earning–more–but–still–doing–chores/story– e6frg926–1226955314244# (retrieved June 17, 2014) (ABS 2009) http://www.scb.se/statistik/_publikationer/LE0201_2010A01_BR_ X10BR1001ENG.pdf, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa_vs._Malibu_Stacy, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.snpp.com/episodes/1F12.html, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.superbrands–brands.com/volII/brand_mr_sheen.htm, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.quilton.com.au/, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 219 Shopping News 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 http://www.rb.com/home http://www.rb–msds.com.au/uploadedFiles/pdf/POC%20Toilet%20 Cleaner–v4–D0127125.pdf http://www.colgate.com.au/app/Colgate/AU/HouseholdCare/ ProductRecommender/Sprays.cvsp http://www.domestos.co.uk/ http://www.chux.com.au/home.aspx http://www.colgate.com.au/app/Colgate/AU/HouseholdCare/ ProductRecommender/Sprays.cvsp http://www.quilton.com.au/ http://www.electrolux.com.au/node37.aspx?categoryid=254 http://www.colgate.com.au/app/PDP/2xUltraConcentrate/AU/dynamo– 2xultra–detergent–liquid–and–powder.cvsp Clift, Charmian (1965, 1989) ‘Second Class Citizens’, in Images in Aspic, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1989, p15 http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0115341/episodes, retrieved Jan 31, 2011 Clift, Charmian (1965, 1989) ‘Second Class Citizens’, in Images in Aspic, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1989, p16 A complete list of my shopping dockets (register receipts) over this period appears on my blog Cokley, J (2004, 2008) The Application of In Situ Digital Networks to News Reporting and Delivery, VDM Verlag Dr Müller Aktiengesellschaft & Co KG, Saarbrücken, Germany, p 188ff See Galtung, Johan & Ruge, Mari Holmboe (1965) ‘The Structure of Foreign News: The Presentation of the Congo, Cuba and Cyprus Crises in Four Norwegian Newspapers’, Journal of Peace Research 1965; 2; 64, http:// jpr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/2/1/64 Djerf–Pierre, Monika (2007) ‘The Gender of Journalism: The Structure and Logic of the Field in the Twentieth Century’, Nordicom Review, Jubilee Issue 2007, pp 81–104 Löfgren Nilsson, Monica (2010) ‘Thinkings and Doings of Gender: Gendering processes in Swedish Television News Production’, Journalism Practice, February 2010, Vol – No Bro, Peter (2008) ‘Normative navigation in the news media’, Journalism 2008; 9; 309 For a useful description of both see Lupisella, Mark (2009) ‘The search for extraterrestrial life: epistemology, ethics, and world views’ in Bertka, Constance M [ed.] (2009) Exploring the Origin, Extent, and Future of Life: Philosophical, Ethical, and Theological Perspectives, Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitchen_Cabinet, retrieved February 2, 2012 http://bagcheck.com/, retrieved December 21, 2011 Bagcheck.com was later bought by Twitter and taken off the market Thanks to my student Ellen Smith who brought BagCheck.com to my attention (personal communication Oct 19, 2011) Thanks also to all my students in JOUR2722, Convergence in the Media, at the University of Queensland, for their valuable insights and contributions to my research 220 Notes 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 over the years Where I have relied on an identifiable student for specific information, that student’s contribution is cited If you’re a student past or present and notice your work has been used but not cited, please let me know ASAP and that will be corrected in forthcoming editions Twitter acquired BagCheck.com in August 2011,see http://www.linkedin com/in/spullara For background see Cokley, J & Ranke, A (2011) ‘The Long Tail evident in journalism employment opportunities, but students unaware’, chapter in: Franklin, Bob & Mensing, Donica [eds] Journalism Education, Training and Employment, Routledge, NY Biggs, John B (1999) Teaching for quality learning at university, Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press, Buckingham http://www.deviantart.com/, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 John Berman & Joel Siegel (2010) ‘No Jokes: Newspapers Cutting Comic Strips’, ABC World News, March 13, 2010, http://abcnews.go.com/WN/ comic–strips–cut–newspapers/story?id=10093899, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.frankie.com.au/, retrieved June 20, 2013 Where we live in the hills north–west of Melbourne, our newspapers are sometimes covered with ice and frost in the winter months as they sit in our letter box waiting to be collected June 23, 2010 http://www.newsspace.com.au/wentworth_courier/ad_specifications, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 http://www.realviewtechnologies.com/, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 http://www.racvroyalauto.com.au/editions/nov10/, retrieved Oct 29, 2010 http://issuu.com/explore, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://viewa.net/, retrieved June 20, 2013 http://motoring.ninemsn.com.au/media/downloads/Binder_wheels.pdf, retrieved June 20, 2013 See http://www.nytimes.com/projects/2012/snow–fall/#/?part=tunnel– creek, retrieved June 20, 2013 http://www.deep–purple.net/videos/videos/smoke.htm, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.lyricsfreak.com/d/deep+purple/ smoke+on+the+water_20038742.html, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.deep–purple.net/features/smoke/smoke–on–the–water.html, Retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.deep–purple.net/, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 I heard the late Jon Lord, keyboard tell the story in his own words on a radio documentary on Australia’s ABC in 2012 And in this video http:// www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article–2174437/Jon–Lord–dead–71– cancer–Deep–Purple–founder–wrote–Smoke–On–The–Water–dies.html (retrieved June 20, 2013) he states the bleedin’ obvious: ‘if you want to know the story (of Smoke on the Water), listen to the words’ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_on_the_water, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/deep–purple/chart–history/4436, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.lyricsfreak.com/b/bob+dylan/hurricane_20021332.html, 221 Shopping News 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubin_Carter, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubin_Carter, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_%28song%29, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.lyricsfreak.com/g/gordon+lightfoot/ the+wreck+of+the+edmund+fitzgerald_20061659.html, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Edmund_Fitzgerald, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 Described by Len Granato in Newspaper Feature Writing, University of NSW Press, 2004, p… http://www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/p/paul_kelly/from_little_things_big_ things_grow.html, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/From_Little_Things_Big_Things_Grow, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gurindji_Strike, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 Zaltman, Gerald (2003) How Customers Think, Harvard Business School Press, Boston Zaltman, Gerald (2003) p 227 Zaltman, Gerald (2003) p 189 http://researchjournalism.wordpress.com/ethics/meaa–code–of–ethics/, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 Zaltman, Gerald (2003) p 197–198 Zaltman, Gerald (2003) pp 198–199 Zaltman, Gerald (2003) p 199 http://www.history–of–rock.com/brill_building.htm, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_Building#Writers, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_Aitken_Waterman, retrieved Nov 1, 2010 http://www.timpson.com/history–of–timpson–story.php, retrieved September 20, 2010 http://www.veoh.com/browse/videos/category/entertainment/watch/ v4053165yFz6hmAg, retrieved September 20, 2010 http://www.independentonlinesolutions.com/advertisingGuide/, retrieved Oct 18, 2010 http://advertising.washingtonpost.com/index.php/content, retrieved Oct 18, 2010 http://www.bbc.co.uk/guidelines/editorialguidelines/page/guidelines– editorial–values–introduction/, retrieved Oct 18, 2010 Who left the organisation in June 2013, see http://www.abc.net.au/ news/2013–06–12/news–limited–announces–changes–in–senior–qld– ranks/4749704 http://www.newsspace.com.au/repository/CMSM_Advertising%20Rates_ JUN10_2.pdf, retrieved Jan 24, 2011 http://www.newsspace.com.au/nationalappnetwork, retrieved Jan 24, 2011 Using a rudimentary form of discourse analysis De Bono, E (2010). Think! Before It’s Too Late Random House Uk 222 Notes 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 Limited, p.58 See Zawawi, C (2004) ‘A history of public relations in Australia’ pp23–42 in Johnston, J (2009) Public relations: Theory and practice (p 496p) Allen & Unwin, Sydney See websites such as http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/food–ph–d_403 html which I consulted I’ve collaborated with researchers using Leximancer ™ and it’s surprisingly each to understand and operate, see https://www.leximancer.com/ http://news.google.com.au/ http://www.google.com.au/trends/ http://www.isentia.com/en–au http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118589043953483378.html, sourced June 22, 2013 http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/29055142/ns/today/t/about–today/# Tv5UtHqDmuI retrieved December 31, 2011 The Today website notes that ‘The facility brings to mind the Today of the early 1950s, which also had its studio windows facing the streets of New York City The three–story, 18,000–square–foot home of Today now attracts thousands of visitors each year to peer into its windows and become part of Today’s broadcast.’ Pfanner, Eric (2009) ‘A Latte With Journalism on the Side’, New York Times, online May 10, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/11/ technology/internet/11iht–papers.html retrieved December 31, 2011 http://opennewsroom.wikispaces.com/ retrieved December 31, 2011 On Jay Rosen’s blog PressThink, http://archive.pressthink.org/2005/11/23/ spk_ss.html, retrieved December 31, 2011 See Murwira, Vincent (2010) The Open Newsroom: the broadcast news ecosystem in an era of online media migration and audience participation, Master of Communication Studies thesis, School of Communication Studies, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand, http://www theopennewsroom.com/ retrieved December 31, 2011 http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/default.stm, retrieved Oct 22, 2010 http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/notes_and_corrections/default stm, Oct 22, 2010 http://www.abc.net.au/mediawatch/more.htm, retrieved Oct 22, 2010 An Australian colloquialism similar to Oh my Gosh!, see http://www.crikey com.au/, retrieved Oct 22, 2010 http://www.crikey.com.au/about/code–of–conduct/, retrieved Oct 22, 2010 http://www.newsombudsmen.org/what.htm, retrieved Oct 22, 2010 http://www.newsombudsmen.org/mission.html, retrieved Oct 22, 2010 Park, William (2009) Australia’s World War Nominal Roll: accurate record or true record?: The online database is evaluated for accuracy and effects, VDM Verlag, Germany See the Retention People website, http://www.theretentionpeople.com/ insight/research/vfm/, which aims to ‘create raving fans of your business’, retrieved June 22, 2013 See Cokley, J., & Volcic, Z (2009) ‘Body Image Drives New Environment for News Delivery’. Asia Pacific Business Review, 5(2), 49–60 223 Shopping News 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 Retention People, http://www.theretentionpeople.com/insight/research/vfm/, op cit, n.p., retrieved June 22, 2013 http://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/AU, retrieved June 22, 2013 http://www.google.com.au/analytics/, retrieved June 2013 For instance, for Melbourne’s Herald–Sun, http://www.newsspace.com.au/ repository/HSRateCard2012_Email%20version_NEW.pdf, retrieved June 22, 2013 See the Daily Juice company http://www.dailyjuice.com.au/DailyJuice_ NutrionalSheet.pdf, retrieved Sept 17, 2010 Says my son Liam after his visit there in 2006 An informal study I conducted in 2005–2006 suggested that the street posters only rarely referred to the story chosen as the main one for the front page anyway ‘Quest’ is the group name for the community newspapers in Brisbane: see http://quest.newspaperdirect.com/epaper/viewer.aspx Verica Rupar PhD, personal communication, Cardiff University, Oct 25, 2010 http://www.spj.org/pdf/ethicscode.pdf, retrieved Oct 25, 2010 Taleb, N N (2010) The black swan: The impact of the highly improbable Random House Trade Paperbacks, p.50 De Bono, E (2010). Think! Before It’s Too Late Random House Uk Limited, p.58 Ferreira Siqueira, C & Cokley J (2012) ‘Online communities: A systematic review of factors contributing to sustainability’, eJournalist, Volume 12, Number 1, http://ejournalist.com.au/v12n1/SiqueiraCokley.pdf Coleman, Peter (2006) p5 http://www.nlgjaconvention.org/2008/08/newseum–museum–gives– scoop–on.html, retrieved Nov 8, 2010 Mensing, Donica and Oliver, Merlyn; (2005) ‘Editors at Small Newspapers say Error Problems Serious’ Newspaper Research Journal Vol 26, No.4 Fall, cited in Park, William (2009) Australia’s World War Nominal Roll: accurate record or true record?: The online database is evaluated for accuracy and effects, VDM Verlag, Germany Meyer, Philip (2004) The Vanishing Newspaper, Saving Journalism in the Information Age, University of Missouri Press, Missouri, pp83–108, cited in Park, William (2009) Australia’s World War Nominal Roll: accurate record or true record?: The online database is evaluated for accuracy and effects, VDM Verlag, Germany In Park, William (2009) Australia’s World War Nominal Roll: accurate record or true record?: The online database is evaluated for accuracy and effects, VDM Verlag, Germany, p.25 See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_of_the_World_phone_hacking_ affair, retrieved Jan 5, 2011 ‘Diana jury blames the usual suspects’, The Times, London, April 8, 2008, p.1 http://www.washpost.com/news_ed/about/index.shtml, retrieved Oct 19, 2010 Traill–Nash, Glynis (2010) ‘How to wear coral’, in the Sydney Morning 224 Notes 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 Herald online fashion section, October 14, 2010, http://www.smh.com au/lifestyle/fashion/how–to–wear–coral–20101013–16ijb.html, retrieved January 1, 2012 Newman, Mark; Barabási, Albert–Laszlo; Watts, Duncan [eds] (2006) The Structure and Dynamics of Networks, Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA, p http://www.google.com.au/intl/en/jobs/lifeatgoogle/englife/index.html, retrieved Nov 15, 2010 http://www.google.com/intl/en/jobs/profiles/whygoogle.html, retrieved Nov 15, 2010 Hurst, Matthew (2006) ‘Towards a theory of tables’, International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition, Volume 8, Numbers 2–3, 123–131, DOI: 10.1007/s10032–006–0016–y p.123 Grannell, Craig (2007) ‘Tables: How Nature (and the W3C) Intended’, in The Essential Guide to CSS and HTML Web Design, Apress Publishers Howkins, John (2001), The Creative Economy: How People Make Money From Ideas, Penguin Florida, Richard (2002), The Rise of the Creative Class And How It’s Transforming Work, Leisure and Everyday Life, Basic Books Howkins 2001, pp 88–117 See Wikipedia article here: http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_industries#CITEREFHowkins2001, retrieved January 10, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestration, retrieved Jan 12, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_Fortuna, retrieved Jan 12, 2012 A British Broadcasting Corporation survey in 2009 named O Fortuna as the UK’s most widely heard classical track http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/ entertainment/8432499.stm I listened to the Australian rock musician, the late Billy Thorpe, on his 2006 Solo – the last recordings (Liberation Music) album complimenting the audience for their ability to sing in ‘pitch and time’ during Most people I know More details here http://ozblogdownunder.blogspot.com/2007/05/ billy–thorpe–solo–last–recordings.html and here http://www.liberation com.au/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestration_%28computing%29, retrieved Jan 12, 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lascaux, retrieved Jan 10, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_thirds, retrieved Jan 10, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio#Aesthetics, retrieved Jan 10, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System, retrieved Jan 12, 2012 Newman, M., Barabási, A L., & Watts, D J (Eds.) (2006). The structure and dynamics of networks Princeton University Press Newman, Barabási & Watts 2006:1–2 Newman, Barabási & Watts 2006:3 Newman, Barabasi & Watts 2006:3 http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=define%3A+ethnography&ie=u tf–8&oe=utf–8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en–GB:official&client=firefox–a, 225 Shopping News 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 retrieved Nov 15, 2010 Newman, Barabási & Watts, p.554–555 for explanation see any maths text, or this link: http://www.transtutors com/homework–help/Discrete+Mathematics/Graph+Theory/degree–of– vertex–in–graph.aspx Watts et al 2002, in Newman, Barabási & Watts p.556 Hargadon, Andrew & Sutton, Robert L (2000) ‘Building An Innovation Factory’, Harvard Business Review, Harvard University, May–June 2000, pp157–166 Plowman, Ian; Ashkanasy, Neal; Gardner, John; Letts, Malcolm (2003) Innovation in rural Queensland: why some towns prosper while others languish, University of Queensland and the Queensland Department of Primary Industries, ARC Linkage Project LP0218238 Laros, Fleur J.M.; Steenkamp, Jan–Benedict E.M (2005) ‘Emotions in consumer behavior: a hierarchical approach’Journal of Business Research 58 (2005) 1437– 1445, Laros et al, p 1441 McDonald, Lynette (2005) Impact of Communicated Company Accounts During Various Crises on Consumer Emotions, Attitudes and Behavioural Intentions, PhD thesis, Griffith University, Australia, esp p.160; http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt–root/uploads/approved/adt– QGU20061018.162205/public/02Whole.pdf Coleman, Peter (2006), p 95 http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/australia–day–2012–address–full–speech– 20120123–1qdh9.html, retrieved January 24, 2012 Malouf, David (2011) ‘Why is it so hard to find happiness?’ The Sydney Morning Herald, (n.p.) http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/society–and– culture/why–is–it–so–hard–to–find–happiness–20110311–1bqmo.html, retrieved January 24, 2012 First published as Quarterly Essay 41, The Happy Life: The Search for Contentment in the Modern World by David Malouf, published by Black Inc, $19.95 Satisfaction: http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=satisfaction, retrieved January 24, 2012 Bro, Peter (2008) ‘Normative navigation in the news media’, Journalism 2008; 9; 309 http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s; retrieved January 24, 2012 Goyanes and Sylvie 2014 op cit In Gates 1997 op cit Cokley, J & Comrie, M (2013) ‘People who move and need news: The economic and social value of providing digital journalism services for mobile and remote audiences’ Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, 1, http://opennewsroom.wikispaces.com/ retrieved December 31, 2011 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakfast_television Coincidentally, Melbourne’s major news hub, The Age newspaper and website, has long been adjacent to that city’s rail hub, Spencer Street station, where city trains linked with regional and interstate services and continue to so in 2014 226 Notes 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 2014, op cit The Macquarie Dictionary Online © Macquarie Dictionary Publishers Pty Ltd http://www.macquariedictionary.com.au/ Masterton Op cit Pebody, C (1882) English Journalism: And The Men Who Have Made It, Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Company see http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/shelf–talker.html See http://www.amc.org.au/index.php/ar/rms See http://www.amc.org.au/images/Recognition/AMC–list–of–specialties pdf http://alliance.org.au/lists/1–media–entertainment–and–arts– alliance?Itemid= http://alliance.org.au/lists/1–media–entertainment–and–arts– alliance?Itemid= Arsenault, A H & Castells, M (2008) ‘The structure and dynamics of global multi–media business networks’ International Journal of Communication, 2, 43 Kruse, H (2009) ‘Betting on News Corporation Interactive Media, Gambling, and Global Information Flows’ Television & New Media, 10, 179–194 Mermigas, D (2008) Mapping the money in public media Cokley, J (2008) The Application of in situ Digital Networks to News Reporting and Delivery, VDM Verlag Dr Muller Aktiengesellschaft & Co, KG Saarbrucken, Germany Cokley, J (2005) ‘The Mirror-ball Effect: investigating channels, messages and participation levels’ Ejournalist, 5, 1–77 Owen, Fred & Maidment, Derek (1996) Quality assurance: a guide to the application of ISO 9001 to process plant projects, Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE), London p.7 Cokley J (2005) How interactivity …, JEAA Conference,… See Khalil, C (2008) ‘How to Love and Understand Your Audience by Probing Them’ in UX Storytellers–Connecting the Dots, Jan Jursa, Stephen Köver, Jutta Grünewald (eds), pp333–348, http://uxstorytellers.blogspot com.au/2009/01/ux–storytellers–connecting–dots.html Khalil, personal communication, 2011 For updates on his career, visit http://www.chriskhalil.com/about–chris–khalil/ 227