Vai trò của nhà nước đối với năng lực cạnh tranh của doanh nghiệp nhỏ và vừa việt nam trong hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế TT TIENG ANH

VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE NGUYEN THI TUYET NHUNG THE ROLE OF THE STATE TO THE COMPETITIVE COMPETENCE OF VIETNAMESE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION Major: International economy Major code: 9.31.01.06 SUMMARY OF THESIS THESIS OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY HANOI - 2021 The work is completed at: VIETNAM GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES ACADEMIC SUPERVISORS: Assoc Prof., Dr Nguyen An Ha Assoc Prof., Dr Trang Thi Tuyet 1st defence: Prof., Dr Do Duc Binh 2nd defence: Assoc Prof., Dr Trinh Thi Thanh Thuy 3rd defence: Assoc Prof., Dr Nguyen Thi Hong Nhung The thesis will be defended in front of the Academy-level Thesis Assessment Council at……………………………………………… Thesis can be found at: National Library of Vietnam Library of the Academy of Social Sciences PREFACE Necessity of the topic research The role of the state has a great impact to the competitive competence of SMEs in the international economic integration because of SMEs are the subject of state management Management policies and methods direct influence to the birth, existence and development of SMEs SMEs can lose in the domestic market if the competitive competence of Vietnamese SMEs is weak Self-managing risks and improving competitiveness in the context of integration for Vietnamese SMEs is not easy so the role of State needs to improve the competitiveness of SMEs The state must change and reform management in many economic fields The view of the Government has also been changed from a by administrative orders to a governane governing Government that creates and serves to create an environment and favorable conditions for all economic sectors, especially those who are economically disadvantaged In the private sector, people from all walks of life promote all development potentials to bring Vietnam's economy to a new height in integration The behavior of the State to the SME system is also towards a supportive management The Vietnam State has changed its stance and attitude towards the SMEs, however, the views and policies haven issued not effeced yet In the past time, despite having given support and incentives to SMEs, it has not been effective in the implementation stage, has not been synchronized, methodical and has not properly identified the focus on competitiveness of SMEs in the international economic integration The competitive competence of SMEs is directly related to the strength of the economy, so in order to improve the quality of growth, productivity and the competitiveness of the economy, it is necessary to improve the competitiveness of SMEs Therefore, the State needs to play its role to SMEs to improve weaknesses, avoid risks, and turn threats and challenges into opportunities for SMEs so that SMEs can be stronger in the context of globalization The role of the State needs to appropriate to the commitments signed in bilateral and multilateral agreements while still taking advantage of national competitive advantages, advantages of localities, and SMEs Realizing the urgent reasons mentioned above, I chose the topic: "The role of the state to the competitive competence of Vietnamese small and medium enterprises in international economic integration" Research objectives and tasks 2.1 Objectives Building theories of the state's role to the competitive competence of SMEs; research State the existing problems when the State manage SMEs in the international economic integration; Proposing solutions for the State to promote its role in the competitive competence of SMEs 2.2 Mission Review of documents and scientific works; Research theories on the role of the state in the period when the domestic economy integrates with the international economy to write a theoretical framework for the role of the state in the competitive competence of SMEs; Learn and evaluate the reality of the role of the State in the competitive competence of SMEs in Vietnam Synthesize and analyze survey data, run and analyze according to models Pointing out the impact and existence of the State's role in the competitive competence of SMEs; Proposing groups of solutions for the state to improve its role in the competitive competence of SMEs Research scope 3.1 Scope of content: The role of the state, the focus is on the supporting role of the State for the competitive competence of SMEs in the international economic integration; 3.2 Spatial scope: Select SMEs in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City for sampling because Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city are the two largest economic centers in Vietnam and have the largest concentration of SMEs; 3.3 Scope of time: The thesis studies from 2009-2020 Research method of the thesis Methods of sociological investigation to get primary information; Methods of synthesis and analysis; Quantitative method with data processing tool used is SPSS software with tools such as: Cronbach's Alpha coefficient analysis of variance; correlation and regression analysis ; Collecting secondary information on data and figures from state management agencies in various fields; Classification and systematization of theories to synthesize theories of competitive competence of SMEs in international economic integration, theory of the role of the state in competitive competence of SMEs ; Method of quoting legal documents, policies of Vietnam, provisions in international trade agreements Scientific hypothesis and research questions Scientific hypothesis The role of the state affects the competitiveness of SMEs in international economic integration Although the State and SMEs are two independent entities in the economy, they have a close relationship and mutual influence The State properly and well performs its role in the right direction of proper, appropriate and effective management, supporting the positive impact with the competitive competence of SMEs Research questions - How is the relationship between the state's role to competitive in international integration? - Does international economic integration create advantages and disadvantages for the State when performing its role in improving the competitive competence of SMEs? - What content should the State focus on to improve the competitive competence of SMEs? - What is the role of the State in an economy ingeneral and to SMEs inparticular? How does the level of State support to affect the competitive competence of SMEs? - How is the competitive competence of Vietnamese SMEs today? What factors have SMEs prepared to improve competitiveness? - What does the State needs to be done to improve the competitiveness of SMEs in international economic integration, improve the position of Vietnamese SMEs in the international market? - How can SMEs take advantage of opportunities and cope with challenges in economic integration? - What solutions does the State need to chose to promote supportive policy solutions to improve the competitive competence of SMEs in international economic integration? New scientific contributions of the thesis Theoretically: Inheriting the science of state management for enterprises, the thesis has theoretically contributed to the role of the state in the competitive competence of SMEs in the international economic integration; In practical terms: the proposed solutions are applicable in the state management to SMEs in the Vietnam's integration with the aim of improving the competitive competence of SMEs Theoretical and practical significance of the thesis The thesis uses methods of analysis and interpretation to systematize the theory of competitive competence of SMEs; theoretically systematize the role of the State in the competitive competence of SMEs Studying the current state of the competitive competence of SMEs, the status of the state's role to the competitive competence of SMEs, the actual implementation of the State's policies to support SMEs in recent years, the thesis proposes possible solutions Structure of the thesis Chapter Overview of research related to the topic Chapter Theoretical and practical basis for the role of the state to the competitive competence of small and medium enterprises in international economic integration Chapter The reality of the state's role to the competitive competence of small and medium enterprises in international economic integration in Vietnam Chapter Some solutions to promote the role of the state to the competitive competence of SMEs in international economic integration CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION RELATED TO THE TOPIC 1.1 Overview of domestic studies 1.1.1 Studies on the role of the state in SMEs There are many studies on the role of the state through promulgating supportive policies for SMEs in the fields of trade, investment, labor resources, tax There are research directions on enterprise protection shared There is a direction to study SME development policies in other countries and draw lessons for Vietnam 1.1.2 Studies on the Competitiveness of SMEs Research on competitive competence of SMEs in specific areas such as Pham Thu Huong with the thesis "Competitive competence of small and medium-sized enterprises, research in Hanoi city", some other researchers have studied a number of factor such as the competitive competence of SMEs, human resource development of Le Thi My Linh, finance of Tran Thi Thanh Tu and Dinh Thi Thanh Van 1.2 Foreign studies Charles Harvie and Boon- Chye Lee (2002), The Role of SMEs in National Economies in East Asia, focusing on the SME sector of some East Asian economies; Robert McIntyre, The Role of Small and Medium Enterprises in Transition: Growth and Entrepreneurship mainly studies the role of SMEs in transformation; Dobeš Kamil, Kot Sebastian, Kramoliš Jan, Sopková Gabriela in the study The Perception of Governmental Support in The Context of Competitiveness of SMEs in the Czech Republic, demonstrating that the business environment affects the performance of SMEs and also the perception of the Government support in SME competition Other studies in the direction of capital research, the reform of SMEs, which integrate the study of the State's policies for SMEs 1.3 Successes, unresearched gaps and research directions of the thesis 1.3.1 The successes of the research Forming a theoretical framework for competitive competence of SMEs, focusing on internal factors of competence: finance, human resources, science and technology; Theoretical studies on the role of the state are mainly reflected in the promulgation of SME development policies, including contents that demonstrate the importance of solutions to support SMEs, create an environment business, macroeconomic stability for the overall development of the economy Practical studies mainly refer to the practices of competitiveness of SMEs and the practice of state support for some SMEs, specifically finance, R&D research, etc Regarding solutions to improve the role of the state to develop SMEs, there are somes research works that have proposed specific solutions for the state to support SMEs in finance, capital and technology, and human resource training , creating a business environment for SMEs 1.3.2 Unresearched gaps There has not been any research on the role of the state to the competitive competence of SMEs in international economic integration 1.3.3 Research direction of the thesis - Theory of the role of the state to the competitive competence of SMEs - The reality of the state's role to the competitive competence of SMEs in international economic integration in Vietnam - Solutions to promote the role of the state to improve the competitiveness of SMEs in international economic integration CHAPTER THEORETICAL, PRACTICAL BASIS ON THE ROLE OF THE STATE TO THE COMPETITIVE COMPETITION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION 2.1 Competitive competence of small and medium enterprises in international economic integration 2.1.1 The concept of competitive competence of enterprises 2.1.2 Criteria for evaluating competitiveness of enterprises Based on Michael Porter's diamond model, the criteria for evaluating competitiveness of enterprises will be influenced by four groups of factors including: (1) conditions of production factors; (2) condition of demand; (3) supporting industries; (4) strategy, structure of enterprises and competitive environment 2.2.1 The concept of competitive competence of SMEs 2.2.1.1 SMEs, characteristics and roles According to small and medium-sized enterprises, the classification is usually only relative and different countries have different norms because it depends on many factors such as the level of economic development of the country, characteristics of industries, territories, history, classification purposes SMEs play an important role in the economy such as creating jobs, taking advantage of resources, meeting needs 2.2.1.2 The concept of competitive competence of small and medium enterprises The competitiveness of SMEs is the ability to take advantage of inside factors of the enterprise (with core high use value products) combined with the application of outside factors of the enterprise to create a businesses, that will affect to factors of the internal environment of SMEs (expand the scope of business activities ; taking advantage of investment sources to improve financial capacity; improve production capacity; apply technology; improve skills; improve product quality ) 2.5.2 Harmonizing with the way of associations and unions work Creating a favorable mechanism for the establishment of associations and unions so that the protection of SMEs in integration is more proactive and closely addresses the practical needs of SMEs 2.5.3 Applicating to international standards and cross-border standards on the entire process for small and medium enterprises In order to make SMEs to operate locally but with a global mindset, it is necessary for the state to have regulatory frameworks on enterprise standards, for output goods of ISO quality, for transparency in finance, etc SMEs apply standards The sooner the SME will be more stable when integrating into the international market 2.5.4 Apply maximum market rule and limit direct to SME operations Intervention of Government to the production and business activities of SMEs is not appropriate Giving the right to lead the market to a market actor will easily lead to inequality in production and business activities 2.6 Some criteria to evaluate the role of the state 2.6.1 The set of criteria for assessing the national business environment, national competitiveness The Business Environment Index mainly refers to regulations, legal frameworks, administrative procedures, and technical obstacles related to the operation of domestic SMEs Based on this report, it is possible to assess the impact of state tools and procedures on SMEs National competitiveness is assessed by the GCI index, which includes factors in 11 group of institutional assessment, macroeconomic stability, and infrastructure created by state management 2.6.2 The set of indicators for assessing the competitiveness of localities and agencies of sector management The indicators to evaluate the competitiveness of the locality, selected by the agency in charge of the field within each country In Vietnam, there are indicators such as PCI, MEI, and PAPI to assess the positivity and initiative of the State apparatus to change to better suit the needs and improve the confidence of enterprises 2.7 International experience on the role of the state to the competitiveness of SMEs and lessons for Vietnam 2.7.1 Japanese experience Japan's SME development policy focuses on promoting the growth and development of commercial SMEs; enhance the socio-economic benefits of enterprises; overcome the disadvantages that commercial SMEs encounter; support the self-reliance of SMEs 2.7.2 Korean experience Due to export-led growth, Korea has introduced policies to support export promotion, support the development of foreign market information and research services, and seek trade and product promotion opportunities Korea in the overseas market Providing “globalization services”, supporting SMEs to develop in export markets 2.7.3 Lessons for Vietnam Lessons from Japan, the role of the state in strategic planning and development always have a rightful place for small businesses The lessons from Korea is to provide the most optimal tools for SMEs to participate in the global playing field 12 CHAPTER THE SITUATION OF THE STATE ROLE FOR COMPETITIVE COMPETITION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION IN VIETNAM 3.1 Situation of competitive competence of Vietnamese SMEs in international economic integration 3.1.1 The preparation of competitive factors of SMEs 3.1.1.1 Statistics describing the preparation of external factors External factors belong to the macro factors related to the input of SMEs: material-technical infrastructure, administrative infrastructure, human resources, technological infrastructure, financial market Demand conditions, supply sectors and related industries 3.1.1.2 Descriptive statistics of the preparation of internal factors The preparation for the following factors: Organizational management level, labor level, financial ability, ability to cooperate, science and technology level, marketing ability of SMEs 3.1.1.3 Analyze the reliability of each scale of independent variables internal factors, external factors Cronbach'Alpha coefficient is used to analyze the reliability for each observed variable Cronbach (1951) gives the reliability coefficient for the scale The observed variables are qualified and reliability 3.1.2.1 Descriptive statistics on competitive competence of SMEs The competitive competence of SMEs is assessed by the preparation of internal and external factors of SMEs, there are dependent variables: Level of organization and management of enterprises (NL1); Enterprise resources (NL2); Product's competitiveness (NL3); Ability to link and cooperate with other enterprises and international economic integration (NL4); Business productivity (NL5); Reputation, brand of the enterprise (NL6) 3.1.2.2 Analyze the reliability of the scale 13 Considering the columns representing Cronbach's Alpha-if Item Deleted value is less than the Cronbach Alpha and Corrected Item coefficients – Total Correlation is greater than 0.3 and less than the Cronbach Alpha value of the group, so the variables are all valid 3.1.2.3 Evaluate two important types of values of the scale Focus on three main results: KMO and Bartlett's Test, Total Variance Explained and Rotated Component Matrix to evaluate the appropriate EFA analysis results, all variables are valid 3.1.2.4 Multivariable linear regression model evaluating the competitiveness of SMEs shows the correlation between the independent variables and the competitive competence variable of SMEs 3.1.2.5 CFA analysis of independent variables affecting the competitive competence of SMEs shows that the interaction between the component factors has the same direction with the common factor with valid results 3.2 The status of the State's role in the competitive competence of small and medium-sized enterprises in international economic integration 3.2.1 Survey on the effectiveness of state support for SMEs 3.2.1.1 Descriptive statistics for the independent variables: (1) Effectively cutting administrative procedures that hinder production and business; (2) Effectively support production information; (3) Effectively supporting innovative start-ups; (4) Effectively support participation in industry clusters and value chains; (5) Effectively support the transformation of DN 3.2.1.2 Descriptive Statistics of Dependent Variables Description of the overall effectiveness of supporting SMEs by the state 2.1.3 Analyze the reliability of the independent variable scale 14 (1) Effective independent variable to reduce administrative procedures that hinder production and business; (2) Effective independent variable to support production and business information; (3) Effective independent variable to support innovative start-ups; (4) Effective independent variable supports joining clusters and value chains; (5) Effective independent variable to support business transformation 3.2.1.4 Reliability analysis of dependent variable scale- Effective support for SMEs: no variable was excluded 3.2.1.5 EFA independent variables affect the effectiveness of state support for SMEs: Focus on three main results tables, namely KMO and Bartlett's Test, Total Variance Explained and Rotated Component Matrix to evaluate the appropriate EFA analysis results 3.2.1.6 The EFA for the dependent variable-Effectiveness of the State's general support for SMEs shows consistent analytical results 3.2.1.7 Correlation between the independent variables and the effective dependent variable to support SMEs: The above correlation coefficient table shows that the independent variables are not too correlated with each other Thus, the multivariable regression analysis is guaranteed 3.2.1.8 Multivariable linear regression model to evaluate the effectiveness of the State's support for SMEs 3.2.1.9 CFA analysis of independent variables affecting the effectiveness of the State's support for SMEs: all indicators are satisfactory Thus, the model fits the obtained data 3.2.1.10 SEM structural model analysis 15 The results from the SEM model show that: If the support factor of the state increases, the effectiveness of support for SMEs increases to a certain number Estimate S.E C.R P HIEUQUA < - THUTUC 249 077 3.243 001 HIEUQUA < - THONGTIN 217 068 3.207 001 HIEUQUA < - KHOINGHIEP 237 068 3.465 *** HIEUQUA < - LIENKET 152 069 2.205 027 HIEUQUA < - CHUYENDOI 230 065 3.536 *** NANGLUC < - BENNGOAI 484 052 9.272 *** NANGLUC < - BENTRONG 440 050 8.888 *** NANGLUC < - HIEUQUA 035 052 672 502 NANGLUC < - CHUYENDOI -.026 045 -.574 566 16 Label Estimate S.E C.R P NANGLUC < - LIENKET -.014 047 -.286 775 NANGLUC < - KHOINGHIEP -.042 048 -.869 385 NANGLUC < - THONGTIN 019 047 403 687 NANGLUC < - THUTUC -.134 054 -2.491 013 TTHC1 < - THUTUC 1.000 TTHC2 < - THUTUC 973 048 20.397 *** TTHC3 < - THUTUC 962 060 15.987 *** TTHC4 < - THUTUC 944 056 16.745 *** TTHC5 < - THUTUC 965 062 15.647 *** TTHC6 < - THUTUC 864 058 14.935 *** TTHC7 < - THUTUC 864 068 12.706 *** YTBT2 < - BENTRONG 1.000 YTBT1 < - BENTRONG 1.034 033 31.750 *** YTBT3 < - BENTRONG 999 045 22.016 *** YTBT4 < - BENTRONG 976 042 23.126 *** YTBT6 < - BENTRONG 959 054 17.863 *** YTBT5 < - BENTRONG 921 050 18.481 *** NL5 < - NANGLUC 1.000 NL4 < - NANGLUC 1.068 057 18.620 *** NL3 < - NANGLUC 1.031 056 18.533 *** NL1 < - NANGLUC 1.087 047 23.068 *** NL2 < - NANGLUC 1.041 047 21.934 *** NL6 < - NANGLUC 1.093 062 17.702 *** TTSXKD1 < - THONGTIN 1.000 TTSXKD2 < - THONGTIN 961 030 32.559 *** TTSXKD3 < - THONGTIN 877 038 23.290 *** TTSXKD4 < - THONGTIN 951 042 22.839 *** TTSXKD5 < - THONGTIN 842 048 17.565 *** KNST1 < - KHOINGHIEP 1.000 KNST2 < - KHOINGHIEP 1.006 026 37.998 *** KNST3 < - KHOINGHIEP 980 037 26.212 *** KNST5 < - KHOINGHIEP 850 048 17.882 *** KNST4 < - KHOINGHIEP 945 049 19.195 *** 17 Label Estimate S.E C.R P LKNCGT1 < - LIENKET 1.000 LKNCGT2 < - LIENKET 1.006 033 30.704 *** LKNCGT3 < - LIENKET 948 039 24.252 *** LKNCGT4 < - LIENKET 872 048 18.307 *** LKNCGT5 < - LIENKET 808 054 15.075 *** CDDN1 < - CHUYENDOI 1.000 CDDN2 < - CHUYENDOI 927 026 35.337 *** CDDN3 < - CHUYENDOI 898 035 25.394 *** CDDN4 < - CHUYENDOI 818 041 20.160 *** YTBN1 < - BENNGOAI 1.000 YTBN2 < - BENNGOAI 965 035 27.328 *** YTBN3 < - BENNGOAI 988 043 22.829 *** YTBN4 < - BENNGOAI 996 046 21.586 *** HQ2 < - HIEUQUA 1.000 HQ4 < - HIEUQUA 991 048 20.586 *** HQ3 < - HIEUQUA 953 046 20.843 *** HQ1 < - HIEUQUA 668 057 11.662 *** Label 3.2.1.10 The boostrap test shows that the SEM model has practical significance, explaining the supporting role of the State for SMEs, specifically testing the research model using the SEM linear structural model testing technique 13 hypotheses are accepted The results of testing the research hypotheses are summarized in Table Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) Parameter SE SE-SE Mean Bias SE-Bias C.R HIEUQUA < - THUTUC 0.087 0.002 0.249 0.003 0.00 HIEUQUA < - THONGTIN 0.072 0.002 0.217 0.002 0.00 HIEUQUA < - KHOINGHIEP 0.079 0.002 0.238 0.002 0.00 HIEUQUA < - LIENKET 0.076 0.002 0.153 0.002 0.002 1.00 HIEUQUA < - CHUYENDOI 0.074 0.002 0.231 0.002 0.002 1.00 NANGLUC < - BENNGOAI 0.062 0.001 0.485 0.002 0.002 1.00 NANGLUC < - BENTRONG 0.062 0.001 0.44 0.002 0.00 18 NANGLUC < - HIEUQUA 0.058 0.001 0.036 0.001 0.002 0.50 NANGLUC < - CHUYENDOI 0.047 0.001 -0.025 0.001 0.001 1.00 NANGLUC < - LIENKET 0.048 0.001 -0.013 0.001 0.002 0.50 NANGLUC < - KHOINGHIEP 0.048 0.001 -0.039 0.003 0.002 1.50 NANGLUC < - THONGTIN 0.049 0.001 0.019 0.002 0.00 NANGLUC < - THUTUC 0.052 0.001 -0.132 0.001 0.002 0.50 3.2.2 Some results the State has achieved for SMEs 3.2.2.1 International Economic Cooperation bring SMEs into the world market: Developing and promulgating policies to develop and support SMEs; Protect SMEs; Deploy groups of solutions to support SMEs 3.2.2.2 Improve indicators affecting the competitiveness of SMEs 3.3 Remaining problems As for the institutional changes, it is not enough to boost the density of enterprises per population and upgrade the size of enterprises; business environment, but there have been still many obstacles for the competitive competence of SMEs; SMEs have difficulties to access financial support and tax support; There have been regulations and implementation of financial support for SMEs, but SMEs have been difficult to access credit sources; Reforming methods, shortening tax payment procedures helps SMEs somewhat reduce costs, but tax policies have been still not specific to SMEs 19 CHAPTER SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE ROLE FOR COMPETITIVE COMPETITION OF SMALL AND MEDIUMSIZED ENTERPRISES IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION 4.1 International context and domestic context 4.1.1 International context The US-China trade war is getting more and more intense, the Covid 19 epidemic affects the speed of global trade Peace, cooperation and development continue to be the dominant trend in international relations The cooperation of countries has been need to solve global issues 4.1.3 Challenges for the State and small and medium enterprises in the coming period The context of international economic integration has made the state's economy management role changed Economic integration has had a strong impact on the formation of economic development policies of each country without any distinction in terms of political regime and development level, so Vietnam need to be proactive to gain the goal of becoming an industrialized and modernized country Keeping the orientation and goals depend on the leaders in the management apparatus 4.2 Orientations and goals on demonstrating the role of the State in the competitive competence of SMEs in the new decade 4.2.1 Orientation Thinking about competitive competence of SMEs is changed from internal factors of SMEs to the content of improving the competitiveness of SMEs in the international economic integration as part of the socio-economic development strategy 20 4.2.2 Targets - Improving the competitiveness factors of SMEs in international economic integration - Accelerating SME growth steadily in both quantity and quality - Create favorable conditions for SMEs to participate more deeply in global value chains, thereby increasing the value of SMEs' products to meet international standards and compete with products from other countries in the region and international market - Strengthening linkages between SMEs and large enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises 4.3 Solutions for the role of the state in the competitive competence of SMEs to be effective in international economic integration 4.3.1 Institutional reform has been continued in line with the market economy, creating favorable conditions to support the competitiveness of SMEs - Studying the contents of new-style agreements to reform institutions, creating environment and policies in line with the contents of the agreements - Legalize the conversion of all business households into enterprises - Amending and supplementing the Law on Supporting Small and Medium Enterprises - Completing and unifying interdisciplinary legal regulations - Remove the "beg-give" mechanism in the legal regulations - Transparency of business regulations for enterprises 4.3.2 Develop solutions to support competitive factors of small and medium-sized enterprises more specifically and effectively - Continuing to improve credit access support for SMEs by the introduction of a set of SME credit rating criteria 21 - Localities that focus on the right SMEs are supported by reviewing general support programs, local specific support programs, and grouping businesses by industry and size for appropriate support - Tax support solutions for SMEs - Supplementing human resource training policies for SMEs are more suitable to the needs of enterprises and suitable to the context of integration - Continue to review to reduce and simplify administrative procedures - Transparency of information in all areas and consulting for SMEs - Completing regulations on sets of standards, regulations, techniques and measurements for start-ups, innovative and creative enterprises - Promulgate economic policies for cooperation and association between SMEs, large enterprises, and FDI enterprises - To help SMEs to protect their reputation and brand - Promoting to expand the market 4.3.3 To help SMEs to overcome difficulties, restore and develop production and business There are immediate solutions to help SMEs suffer great losses, especially those deeply involved in production networks and global value chains that face "double difficulties" (shortage of input materials; sharply reduce the output market for goods consumption and export) to stabilize production, business and development 22 CONCLUDE The process of international economic integration poses strict requirements to improve the competitiveness of enterprises in general and SMEs in particular Vietnamese enterprises need to quickly and urgently promote internal resources and seize opportunities to improve competitiveness Moreover, improving the competitiveness of enterprises is a regular and continuous process, requiring enterprises to continuously exploit potentials and advantages, take advantage of opportunities for business, and constantly increase productivity and quality product… The competitive competence of SMEs has been influenced by the state management The difficulties that SMEs are facing come from the internal factors There are many difficulties come from objective reasons, coming from state management activities The Stat has the necessary and timely supports Implement macro solutions such as: Forming new policies, perfecting the Law and proposed policies, developing infrastructure to support production and business of enterprises, creating a fair competitive environment equality, promoting the role of SMEs or solutions to support immediate difficulties such as: Financial support, technology innovation support and intellectual property protection, market expansion promotion activities …Implementing solutions synchronously will help this business sector to develop its full potential, to develop sustainably and make an increasingly important contribution to Vietnam's economic cause The support of the State in each group and each criterion has a great impact on the competitive competence of SMEs, which has been 23 quantified by the thesis by applying models Since then, the thesis has proposed groups of solutions to improve the supporting role of the State for SMEs in the international economic integration Improving the competitiveness of SMEs is an important content contributing to accelerating the process of industrialization and modernization of the country, successfully implementing the socio-economic development strategy and creating a solid foundation for successful implementation further strategies in the future, building a knowledge-based economy, enhancing Vietnam's national competitiveness 24 LIST OF WORKS PUBLISHED BY AUTHOR “Relationship of economic state management with national competitiveness”, No 241/2016, State management magazine “Implementing the laws of Vietnam when the Free Trade Agreement between Vietnam and the European Union (EVFTA) comes into effect, No (187) 2016, European Studies journal “German business culture and lessons learned for Vietnamese small and medium enterprises” 10/2017, European Research magazine “Improving the business environment for Vietnamese small and medium enterprises in international trade” October 10, 2017 issue, Commercial Research Journal “The change of the role of the State in the national economy in the international economic integration”, No 262 (11/2017), State management magazine 6.“State management of technology transfer” No 273 (October 2018), State management magazine “The role of the state in the competitive competence of small and medium enterprises in the international economic integration” No 17 (September 2019), Industry and Trade magazine 8."Germany's small and medium-sized enterprise development policy lessons learned for Vietnam", European Research magazine, No 240 (2020) “Competitive capacity of Vietnamese small and medium enterprises in international economic integration”, No 599 October 2021, AsiaPacific Economic Review 10 "Some viewpoints on management policies of the integrated economy", October 24, 2021, Industry and Trade magazine ... 054 -2.491 013 TTHC1 < - THUTUC 1.000 TTHC2 < - THUTUC 973 048 20.397 *** TTHC3 < - THUTUC 962 060 15.987 *** TTHC4 < - THUTUC 944 056 16.745 *** TTHC5 < - THUTUC 965 062 15.647 *** TTHC6 < - THUTUC... TTHC7 < - THUTUC 864 068 12.706 *** YTBT2 < - BENTRONG 1.000 YTBT1 < - BENTRONG 1.034 033 31.750 *** YTBT3 < - BENTRONG 999 045 22.016 *** YTBT4 < - BENTRONG 976 042 23.126 *** YTBT6 < - BENTRONG... NANGLUC 1.093 062 17.702 *** TTSXKD1 < - THONGTIN 1.000 TTSXKD2 < - THONGTIN 961 030 32.559 *** TTSXKD3 < - THONGTIN 877 038 23.290 *** TTSXKD4 < - THONGTIN 951 042 22.839 *** TTSXKD5 < - THONGTIN 842