Bài Tập Tiếng Anh: Chức năng của cụm từ (Phrases Functions)

Exercises on Phrases according to Functions GRAMMAR EXERCISES NOUN PHRASES BASED ON FUNCTIONS Exercise 1: For each sentence, underline the phrase(s) that function(s) as a Noun and tell their name based on structure and their function in the sentence Georgie Porgie was a cheeky little boy a cheeky little boy: S.C; Georgie Porgie: S of V He liked to tease people especially little girls to tease people especially little girls: O of V little girls: appositive people especially little girls: O of V _ One afternoon, he went to the park near his house the park near his house: O of prep.; his house: O of prep. _ He found a little girl and tried to kiss her a little girl: O of V; to kiss her: O of V The girl cried and sobbed because she did not like Georgie The girl: S of V; Georgie: O of V Then, some boys came to the park and saw Georgie chasing after the girl some boys: S of V The park: O of prep Georgie: O of V the girl: O of Prep They shouted and laughed loudly at Georgie Georgie: O of prep. _ Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Georgie stopped chasing the girl and ran away feeling embarrassed Georgie: S of V chasing the girl: O of V; the girl: O of V Thereafter Georgie hesitated to play with his friends Georgie: S of V to play with his friends: O of V; his friends: O of prep. _: because he remembered his embarrassment that he faced in front of his friends his embarrassment: O of V his friends: O of prep. _ 10 This incident prohibited him from chasing girls thereafter This incident: S of V chasing girls thereafter: O of prep girls: O of V Exercise 2: For each sentence, underline the phrase(s) that function(s) as a Noun and tell their name based on structure and their function in the sentence Once upon a time, there was a peaceful kingdom a peaceful kingdom: S.C _ The king heard rumors that barbarians were going to attack his castle soon The king: S of V; rumors: O of V barbarians: S of V: his castle: O of V So he called his two favorite pets - the huge grey goose and gander his two favorite pets: O of V the huge grey goose and gander: Appositive Our kingdom is in danger Our kingdom: S of V _ “Take my daughter to a safe place on top of the tallest hill,” said the king my daughter: O of V Exercises on Phrases according to Functions a safe place on top of the tallest hill: O of prep.; the tallest hill: O of Prep the king: S of V So the grey goose and gander flew the princess who sat in a red sheet to the top of the tallest hill the grey goose and gander: S of V the princess who sat in a red sheet: O of V; a red sheet: O of prep the top of the tallest hill: O of prep.; the tallest hill: O of prep. Six months had passed but the kingdom was not attacked Six months: S of V the kingdom: S of V _ The king regretted his decision and told the grey goose and gander to bring home his daughter The king: S of V his decision: O of V the grey goose and gander: O of V his daughter: O of V _ Then the king understood that he had to be careful before taking actions based up the rumors which need not be true the king: S of V taking actions based up the rumors which need not be true: O of prep the rumors which need not be true: O of prep. _ 10 The king was aware of his discretion before taking any decision The king: S of V his discretion before taking any decision: O of prep.; taking any decision: O of prep. 11 What is essential is to maintain a healthy diet to maintain a healthy diet: S.C; a healthy diet: O of V _ Exercises on Phrases according to Functions 12 The decision was to extend the deadline by three months The decision: S; to extend the deadline by three months: S.C; the deadline by three months: O of V; three months: O of Prep 13 Being a student sometimes means spending long hours in the library Being a student: S of V; spending long hours in the library: O of V the library: O of prep.; long hours: O of V; a student: S.C 14 Your only responsibility is to babysit your younger siblings Your only responsibility: S of V; to babysit your younger siblings: S.C your younger siblings: O of V 15 My favorite hobby is gardening in the morning My favorite hobby: S of V; gardening in the morning: S.C; the morning: O of prep ADJECTIVE PHRASES BASED ON FUNCTIONS Exercise 3: For each sentence, underline the phrase(s) that function(s) as an Adjective and tell their name based on structure The lamp felt very proud of itself that it was the brightest object in the universe the brightest: M of ‘object’, Adj.P in the universe: M of ‘object’; Prep.P I am not very expert in this task not very expert in this task: S.C; Adj.P _ There was a small puppy lying on an old rug which my mother had put outside the door lying on an old rug which my mother had put outside the door: M of ‘puppy’, Present participial P There were questions in my mind in my mind: M of ‘questions’, prep.P Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Once, there lived a washer man named Bheema named Bheema: M of ‘man’; Past participial P _ One night, few thieves broke in the house of that washer man of that washer man: M of ‘house’, prep.P _ The sack of salt on the donkey’s back fell into the water of salt on the donkey’s back: M of ‘sack’, prep.P on the donkey’s back: M of ‘salt’, Prep.P the donkey’s: M of ‘back’, NP : The donkey felt very happy about the reduction in the weight of the sack of salt on its back very happy about the reduction in the weight of the sack of salt on its back: S.C, Adj.P in the weight of the sack of salt on its back: M of reduction, Prep.P of the sack of salt on its back: M of ‘weight’, Prep.P of salt on its back: M of ‘sack’, Prep.P on its back: M of ‘salt’, Prep.P From that day, it became a regular practice for the donkey to slip and fall in the pond whenever they crossed the pond to the market for the donkey to slip and fall in the pond: M of ‘practice’, Prep.P to slip and fall in the pond: M of ‘donkey’, Infinitive P 10 That cruel snake eats all the eggs in the nest in the nest: M of ‘eggs’, Prep.P _ Exercise 4: For each sentence, underline the phrase(s) that function(s) as an Adjective and tell their name based on structure Watching this behind the tree, the swan and the crab heaved a sigh of relief The next day, the mongoose, looking for more fish, came upon the swan’s nest Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Many years ago, the members of the jungle did not have any King The nearby motel offers cheap but comfortable rooms These are unbelievably expensive shoes Sarah was fairly bored with you The extremely tired lioness is losing patience with her overly enthusiasticcub The dog covered in mud looked pleased with himself The frames beautifully carved by monks are worth more than the painting 10 The woman on the boat is my aunt Carol 11 The fire has made the room much warmer 12 The tour guides announced the most dangerous place to swim along the southern shore 13 The reviewer named the most organized classrooms in the English building 14 I want you to leave now 15 I found him somewhat recovered ADVERBIAL PHRASES BASED ON FUNCTIONS Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Exercise 5: For each sentence, underline the phrase(s) that function(s) as an Adverb and tell their name based on structure and their function in the sentence I am suffering very much with pains M of V, Adv.P _ It was raining very heavily on the day we shifted very heavily: M of V, Adv P on the day we shifted: M of V, Prep.P In the midnight I heard a loud thud outside the main door In the midnight: M of whole sent., Prep.P _ It was difficult to see the little one to see the little one: M of Adj ‘difficult’, Infinitive P He was trying to get inside the curved rug to avoid the chilling air outside to avoid the chilling air outside: M of V, Infinitive P inside the curved rug: M of V, Prep.P The next day morning, everyone in the family came to know about the unusual guest The next day morning: M of whole sentence, NP to know about the unusual guest: M of V; Infinitive P He came to my room and sat near me to my room: M of V, Prep.P near me: M of V, Prep.P _ She quickly tied a bandage around his leg S+V+O+M quickly: M of V, Adv around his leg: M of V, Prep.P After this incident my relation with Spotty became more intense After this incident: M of whole sentence, Prep.P 10 One midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly One midnight: M of whole sent., NP _ Exercises on Phrases according to Functions 11 In a dense forest, there was a lake In a dense forest: M of whole sent., Prep.P 12 It takes place every day every day: M of V, NP 13 I'll it in a minute in a minute: M of V, Prep.P 14 You couldn't park anywhere near the place anywhere near the place: M of V, Prep.P 15 Opera is when a guy gets stabbed in the back and, instead of bleeding, he sings in the back: M of V, Prep.P instead of bleeding: M of clause, Prep.P 16 He would always talk with a nationalistic tone with a nationalistic tone: M of V, Prep.P 17 He sings in a low register in a low register: M of V, Prep.P 18 People who say they sleep like a baby usually don't have one like a baby: M of V ‘sleep’, Prep.P 19 Dad spoke softly to calm her fears to calm her fears: M of V, Infinitive P softly: M of V, adv _ 20 With much consideration, he made his decision With much consideration: M of whole sent., Prep.P _ MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES ON PHRASES Exercise 6: Identify the underlined phrase and write the answer on the line Exercises on Phrases according to Functions (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h i Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase Absolute phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence Steven's book, which made Oprah's Book Club this month, is not in any stores - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: Subjective Complement While preparing for the speech, Joe couldn't help but worry about his entrance - Name according to structure: Present participial P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: M of N Ahmad wants to visit Quebec, but he will need to wait for his next vacation - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: NP Function: O of V Hoping for a miracle, the doctors continued the surgery - Name according to structure: Present Participial P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: M of N Our boss supports donating time to charity - Name according to structure: Gerund P - Name according to function: NP Function: O of V Melanie hoped to find a cure for the disease, but she tried to be realistic - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: NP Function: O of V After the banquet, the cooks will take a well-deserved break - Name according to structure: Prepositional P Exercises on Phrases according to Functions (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h i Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase Absolute phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence - Name according to function: Adv.P _Function: M of whole sent Joey is hoping for a chance to play pool with his uncle - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: Adj P Function: M of N The dog that Sam chose from the litter seems to be healthy - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adv P. _Function: M of V 10 Sam Smith, who recently spoke to the youth group, excels at motivating young people - Name according to structure: Gerund P - Name according to function: NP Function: O of Prep 11 Pushed beyond endurance, the runner dropped the baton - Name according to structure: Past participial P - Name according to function: Adj P Function: M of N 12 The shoes he saw in the catalogue are available down the street - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adv.P _Function: M of Adj 13 The reporter crouched behind that tree got the best picture of the arrest - Name according to structure: Past Participial P - Name according to function: Adj P Function: M of N 14 Keith tried supporting both teams, but his heart was with Oregon Exercises on Phrases according to Functions (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h i Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase Absolute phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence - Name according to structure: Gerund P - Name according to function: NP Function: O of V 15 Katrina, who resented being left at home, drew on the walls with her crayons - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adv.P _Function: M of V Exercise 7: Identify the underlined phrase and write the answer on the line (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence Arnold hoped to find an answer to the funding shortfall - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: NP Function: O of V Pressed for time, the agent ran the red light - Name according to structure: Past par.P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: M of N Exercises on Phrases according to Functions (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence His uncle thinks that working for the government is the key to stability - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adv.P _Function: M of V Richard's chance to make his point slipped away - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: M of N Is it possible that Joshua will compete against that man? - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adv.P _Function: M of V Disneyland and Hollywood are popular places to visit in California - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: Adj P Function: M of N When buses are delayed, students are usually late for school - Name according to structure: Adj P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: S.C He used his computer to make party invitations - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: Adv P _Function: M of V A boy on the roof is singing a song - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: M of N Exercises on Phrases according to Functions (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence 10 She is shouting in a loud voice - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adv P _Function: M of V 11 He sat in a corner of the room - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adv.P _Function: M of V 12 He sat in a corner of the room - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: M of N 13 He likes to read books - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: NP Function: O of V 14 He made a plan to buy a car - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: Adj P _Function: M of N 15 She started thinking about the problem - Name according to structure: Gerund - Name according to function: NP Function: O of V Exercise 8: Identify the underlined phrase and write the answer on the line Exercises on Phrases according to Functions (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence Sleeping late in night is not a good habit - Name according to structure: Gerund P - Name according to function: NP Function: S of V I received a letter mentioning about my exam - Name according to structure: Present Par.P - Name according to function: AdjP Function: M of N The crazy old lady in the park feeds the pigeons every day - Name according to structure: NP - Name according to function: NP Function: S of V The crazy old lady in the park feeds the pigeons every day - Name according to structure: NP - Name according to function: Adv.P _Function: M of V Tashonda's goal in life, to become an occupational therapist, is within her grasp this year, at last - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: NP Function: Appositive Tashonda's goal in life, to become an occupational therapist, is within her grasp this year, at last - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: S.C Tashonda's goal in life, to become an occupational therapist, is within her grasp this year, Exercises on Phrases according to Functions (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence at last - Name according to structure: NP - Name according to function: NP Function: S of V Her plan to subsidize child care won wide acceptance among urban politicians - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: Adj P Function: M of N Her plan to subsidize child care won wide acceptance among urban politicians - Name according to structure: NP - Name according to function: NP Function: O of V 10 Her plan to subsidize child care won wide acceptance among urban politicians - Name according to structure: NP - Name according to function: NP Function: O of Prep 11 Her plan to subsidize child care won wide acceptance among urban politicians - Name according to structure: Prep.P - Name according to function: Adj P Function: M of N 12 Her plan to subsidize child care won wide acceptance among urban politicians - Name according to structure: NP - Name according to function: NP Function: S of V 13 To know her is to love her - Name according to structure: Infinitive P - Name according to function: NP Function: S.C Exercises on Phrases according to Functions (i) Name according to its structure a b c d e f g h Infinitive phrase Present participial phrase (ii) Name according to its function a Noun phrase b Adjective phrase c Adverb phrase Past participial phrase Gerund phrase Prepositional phrase Noun phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase (iii) Function a Subject of Verb b Object of Verb c Object of preposition d Subjective Complement e Objective complement f Appositive g Modifier of Noun h Modifier of Verb i Modifier of Adverb j Modifier of Adjective k Modifier of the whole sentence 14 The best exercise, walking briskly, is also the least expensive, - Name according to structure: Gerund P - Name according to function: NP Function: Appositive 15 Working around the clock, the firefighters finally put out the last of the California brush fires - Name according to structure: Present part.P - Name according to function: Adj.P Function: M of N GRAMMAR IN USE SPEAKING Interview Instruction: Ask your friends about their free time activities Complete the following table with appropriate phrases for their responses Examples: Question: What/ do/ free time? => What you in your free time? Answer: I watch TV, read books, and listen to music => watching TV, reading books, and listening to music Questions What/ do/ free time? Which activity/ like most? Friends’ name Friends’ name Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Where/ do/it? With whom/ do/it? How/ feel/do it? Why/ enjoy it? Report your friends’ ideas by using phrases noted in the table as prompts to complete ideas Try to use different phrases to report ideas Nga likes … in her leisure time Her most favourite activity is… She often…(at home) with her…(a person/ people) She feels… She enjoys… because… Minh is interested in … in his leisure time He likes… most Every , he … in (a place) with his… (a person/ people) He feels… He is in favor of … because… Expanding ideas Instruction: Choose two of the following leisure time activities and state the reasons why you them Leisure time activities Reading books Going shopping Chatting with friends on social Reasons - relax my mind - widen my knowledge - develop my critical thinking Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Leisure time activities Reasons networks Listening to music Playing sports Watching movies Hanging out with friends Cooking … Talk to your partner about your activities along with the reasons Use as many types of phrases as possible to explain your choice(s) Example: A: What you in your leisure time? B: I read books A: Why you like reading books? B: - I love it because reading books gives me many good things such as relaxing my mind, widening my knowledge, and developing my critical thinking Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Or - Reading books is interesting to me I read books to relax my mind, widen my knowledge, and develop my critical thinking Situation discussion Instruction: Discuss with your partner the following situations Use phrases to take notes your ideas and connect ideas for complete sentences Then present your ideas for the best choice Situation 1: You’re planning to have an oversea trip with your family, but you not know where to go Three choices namely Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand are recommended by your friends Which option you think would be the best place for all members of your family? Examples: Singapore Hong Kong Thailand - have a clean environment - a good place for shopping - many pagodas to visit -… -… -…  Singapore has a clean environment  Hong Kong is a good place for shopping  There are many pagodas to visit in Thailand Situation 2: you are discussing important jobs in your country Talk about the following three jobs: a doctor, a famer, and a teacher Which job, in your opinion, is the most important? Topic presentation Instructions: Discuss in pairs and together note down details to support each idea given in the chart below Topic 1: Benefits of travelling Enlarge social Reduce relationships stress Benefits of travelling Widen knowledge of the outside world (Your own idea) Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Topic 2: Holiday is a good time Spend days off from Have more time work with family Holiday is a good time Join fun activities (Your own idea) WRITING Writing a post card to your best friend, describing your vacation Instruction: Imagine you are travelling somewhere in Vietnam Think of the answers for the following questions: Where are you? Who is there with you? What time of day is it? What activity are you doing? What’s the weather like? How you feel? What are you going to next? 8… Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Write a post card to your best friend with the ideas You received an email from your English friend, Kathy She wants to spend a one-week holiday in Can Tho City of Vietnam and ask you for more information and advice Read part of her email below …I am looking forward to seeing you and spend time in your hometown! I feel so sad to hear that you are on your business trip at that time! Anyway, could you please tell me where I should go to, what activities I should do, and what specialties I should try? SAMPLE: Dear Kathy, I’m delighted that you are coming to Can Tho City next month I think it would be great if I could see and spend time with you during your stay I think there are lots of things to in my city such as taking a boat tour on Hau river to enjoy sightseeing or to discover river activities, visiting Can Tho museum, walking around at Can Tho night market to experience Can Tho night life, going shopping at many shopping malls on Hoa Binh avenue and 30/04 street Also, you ought to go to My Khanh orchard, a wonderful place with many green trees, pure air, and Vietnamese countryside specialties and so on I am so sorry for not seeing you at that time, but I ask my close friend to take you around Please let me know exactly the time you’re coming here Love Mai Exercises on Phrases according to Functions Read the email and underline all phrases you can find in the email Write an email of 120 words responding to Kathy Try to use as many types of phrases you learn from the lesson as possible _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _