Chủ nghĩa khu vực ở châu âu qua các giai đoạn mở rộng của eu

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI VÀ NHÂN VĂN - NGUYỄN ĐẶNG HIỀN PHƯƠNG CHỦ NGHĨA KHU VỰC Ở CHÂU ÂU QUA CÁC GIAI ĐOẠN MỞ RỘNG CỦA EU LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUAN HỆ QUỐC TẾ TP Hồ Chí Minh – Năm 2020 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI VÀ NHÂN VĂN - NGUYỄN ĐẶNG HIỀN PHƯƠNG CHỦ NGHĨA KHU VỰC Ở CHÂU ÂU QUA CÁC GIAI ĐOẠN MỞ RỘNG CỦA EU Chuyên ngành: QUAN HỆ QUỐC TẾ Mã số: 8310206 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: TS BÙI HẢI ĐĂNG TP Hồ Chí Minh – Năm 2020 LỜI CAM ĐOAN Tôi xin cam đoan cơng trình nghiên cứu tơi thực Các tư liệu sử dụng Luận văn trung thực, có nguồn gốc rõ ràng Những kết nghiên cứu Luận văn chưa công bố cơng trình khác Tơi hồn tồn chịu trách nhiệm cơng trình nghiên cứu Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, năm 2020 Tác giả Luận án NGUYỄN ĐẶNG HIỀN PHƯƠNG LỜI CẢM ƠN Với lịng kính trọng biết ơn sâu sắc, xin chân thành cảm ơn TS Bùi Hải Đăng - Thầy trực tiếp hướng dẫn mặt khoa học, tận tâm bảo động viên tơi hồn thành Luận văn Trong trình học tập thực đề tài, nhận nhiều hỗ trợ hướng dẫn nhiệt tình Q Thầy, Cơ Khoa Quan hệ quốc tế cán Phòng Sau đại học phòng ban chức thuộc Trường Đại học Khoa học Xã hội Nhân văn – Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn giúp đỡ Cuối cùng, tơi xin gửi lời cảm ơn đến gia đình, bạn bè ln động viên, khích lệ hỗ trợ tơi q trình làm Luận văn Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, năm 2020 Tác giả Luận án NGUYỄN ĐẶNG HIỀN PHƯƠNG MỤC LỤC DANH MỤC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU 1 Lý chọn đề tài Mục đìch nghiên cứu Tổng quan tính hính nghiên cứu Đối tượng phạm vi nghiên cứu Câu hỏi giả thuyết nghiên cứu Phương pháp nghiên cứu nguồn tư liệu 10 Ý nghĩa khoa học thực tiễn 11 Bố cục luận văn 11 CHƢƠNG CƠ SỞ LÝ LUẬN VÀ THỰC TIỄN 13 1.1 Các khái niệm 13 1.1.1 Khu vực 13 1.1.2 Hội nhập Khu vực 14 1.1.3 Chủ nghĩa Khu vực 15 1.2 Lịch sử hính thành phát triển chủ nghĩa khu vực 16 1.2.1 Sự hình thành chủ nghĩa khu vực 16 1.2.2 Các giai đoạn phát triển chủ nghĩa khu vực 18 1.3 Khái quát EU 28 1.3.1 Sơ lược lịch sử hình thành EU 28 1.3.2 Mơ hình tổ chức EU 29 1.3.3 Thành tựu đạt 34 CHƢƠNG 2: CÁC GIAI ĐOẠN PHÁT TRIỂN CỦA CHỦ NGHĨA KHU VỰC Ở CHÂU ÂU 39 2.1 Lần mở rộng thứ (1973) 39 2.1.1 Bối cảnh 39 2.1.2 Các quốc gia ứng viên 40 2.1.3 Một số nội dung vấn đề đặt 42 2.2 Lần mở rộng thứ hai (1981) 45 2.2.1 Bối cảnh 45 2.2.2 Quốc gia ứng viên 47 2.2.3 Một số nội dung vấn đề đặt 49 2.3 Lần mở rộng thứ ba (1986) 50 2.3.1 Bối cảnh 50 2.3.3 Một số nội dung vấn đề đặt 51 2.4 Lần mở rộng thứ tư (1995) 53 2.4.1 Bối cảnh 53 2.4.2 Các quốc gia ứng viên 55 2.4.3 Một số nội dung vấn đề đặt 56 2.5 Lần mở rộng thứ năm (2004) 60 2.5.1 Bối cảnh 60 2.5.2 Các quốc gia ứng viên 61 2.5.3 Một số nội dung vấn đề đặt 64 2.6 Lần mở rộng thứ sáu (2007) 67 2.6.1 Bối cảnh 67 2.6.2 Các quốc gia ứng viên 68 2.6.3 Một số nội dung vấn đề đặt 69 2.7 Lần mở rộng thứ bảy (2013) 71 2.7.1 Bối cảnh 71 2.7.2 Quốc gia ứng viên 73 2.7.3 Một số nội dung vấn đề đặt 74 CHƢƠNG 3: TRIỂN VỌNG CỦA CHỦ NGHĨA KHU VỰC Ở CHÂU ÂU 78 3.1 Bối cảnh 78 3.1.1 Bối cảnh quốc tế 78 3.1.2 Bối cảnh châu Âu 81 3.2 Các yếu tố tác động 82 3.2.1 Vấn đề suy giảm dân chủ 82 3.2.2 Vấn đề tị nạn, nhập cư 85 3.2.3 Vấn đề ngân sách 86 3.2.4 Vấn đề biến đổi khí hậu 89 3.2.5 Vấn đề dịch bệnh (virus Corona 2019/SARS-CoV-2) 90 3.3 Triển vọng 92 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO 110 DANH MỤC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT Từ viết tắt Tiếng Việt Tiếng Anh ARF Diễn đàn khu vực ASEAN ASEAN Regional Forum ASEAN Hiệp hội quốc gia Đông Association of South East Asian Nam Á Nations BiH Quốc gia Bosnia-Herzegovina Bosnia-Herzegovina BRI Vành đai Con đường Belt and Road Initiative CAN Cộng đồng Andean nước Andean Community of Nations Mỹ Latin CAP Chình sách Nơng nghiệp chung Common Agricultural Policy CFSP Chình sách đối ngoại an ninh Common Foreign And Security chung Policy COMECON Hội đồng Tương trợ Kinh tế (của Council of Mutual Economic nước Xã hội chủ nghĩa) Assistance Hiệp định chung Thuế quan General Agreement on Tariff Thương mại and Trade EC Cộng đồng Châu Âu European Communities ECSC Cộng đồng Than Thép châu European Coal and Steel Âu Community EEA Khu vực kinh tế châu Âu European Economic Area EEC Cộng đồng kinh tế châu Âu European Economic GATT Community EFTA Hiệp hội thương mại tự châu European Free Trade Âu Association EMU Liên minh Kinh tế Tiền tệ Economic and Monetary Union EU Liên minh châu Âu European Union EURATOM Cộng đồng Năng lượng Nguyên European Atomic Energy tử châu Âu Community Cơ quan hợp tác thực thi pháp Hiện chuyển thành European luật Liên minh châu Âu (tên cũ Union Agency for Law Văn phòng Cảnh sát châu Âu) Enforcement Cooperation EUROPOL dùng tên viết tắt cũ European Police Office FDI Đầu tư trực tiếp nước Foreign Direct Investment FTA Hiệp định thương mại tự Free trade agreement GDP Tổng sản phẩm quốc nội Gross Domestic Product GNI Tổng thu nhập quốc dân Gross National Income IMF Quỹ tiền tệ Quốc tế International Monetary Fund ISPA Cơng cụ cho chình sách kết Instrument for Structural cấu trước gia nhập Policies for Pre-Accession Thành viên Nghị viện Châu Âu Members of the European MEP Parliament MFF Khung tài chình đa phương Multiannual Financial Frameworks NATO ODA Tổ chức Hiệp ước Bắc Đại Tây North Atlantic Treaty Dương Organization Hỗ trợ Phát triển Chình thức Official Development Assistance OPEC QMV Tổ chức nước xuất dầu Organization of Petroleum mỏ Exporting Countries Bỏ phiếu đa số đủ điều Qualified Majority Voting kiện PHARE Hỗ trợ tái cấu trúc kinh tế cho Ba Lan Hungary Poland and Hungary Assistance for the Restructuring of the Economy SAA Thỏa thuận Ổn định Hợp tác Stabilisation and Association Agreement SAARC SAP Hiệp hội Hợp tác khu vực Nam South Asian Association for Á Regional Cooperation Quá trính Ổn định Liên kết Stabilisation And Association Process Chương trính gia nhập đặc biệt Special Accession Programme cho phát triển nông nghiệp for Agriculture and Rural nông thôn Development SEA Đạo luật Đơn châu Âu Single European Act SEANWFZ Hiệp ước Khu vực Khơng có Vũ Southeast Asian 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