Khảo sát ab inito cho hiệu ứng tái va chạm trong tương tác laser cực ngắn với nguyên tử, phân tử

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP HCM TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC TỰ NHIÊN HOÀNG VĂN HƯNG KHẢO SÁT AB INITIO CHO HIỆU ỨNG TÁI VA CHẠM TRONG TƯƠNG TÁC LASER CỰC NGẮN VỚI NGUYÊN TỬ, PHÂN TỬ LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ VẬT LÝ TP HỒ CHÍ MINH – NĂM 2018 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP HCM TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC TỰ NHIÊN HOÀNG VĂN HƯNG KHẢO SÁT AB INITIO CHO HIỆU ỨNG TÁI VA CHẠM TRONG TƯƠNG TÁC LASER CỰC NGẮN VỚI NGUYÊN TỬ, PHÂN TỬ Ngành: Vật Lý Lý Thuyết Vật Lý Toán Mã số ngành : 62 44 01 01 Phản biện 1: TS Huỳnh Thanh Đức Phản biện 2: PGS TS Nguyễn Quang Hưng Phản biện 3: TS Đỗ Ngọc Sơn Phản biện độc lập 1: PGS TS Trịnh Xuân Hoàng Phản biện độc lập 2: PGS TS Nguyễn Quang Hưng NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC PGS TS LÊ ANH THƯ GS TSKH LÊ VĂN HỒNG TP Hồ Chí Minh – Năm 2018 Lời cảm ơn Đầu tiên, gửi lời tri ân sâu sắc đến Thầy Lê Anh Thư Thầy Lê Văn Hồng tận tình hướng dẫn tạo điều kiện tốt để học tập, nghiên cứu, hồn thành luận án Tơi gửi lời cám ơn đến GS Chii-Dong Lin, Trường Đại học Bang Kansas Hoa Kỳ, tạo điều kiện cho thực nghiên cứu nhóm ơng từ 04/2016 đến 12/2016 Tôi gửi lời cám ơn đến Quỹ Phát triển khoa học công nghệ Quốc gia (NAFOSTED), hỗ trợ mặt tài cho tơi thơng qua đề tài Quỹ tài trợ, đặc biệt cho phép nghiên cứu ngắn hạn Trường Đại học Bang Kansas Hoa Kỳ từ 04/2016 đến 12/2016 Tôi gửi lời cám ơn đến Thầy, Cô tổ mơn Vật lý Lý thuyết, kiến thức tảng mà Thầy, Cô truyền thụ q trình tơi học tập mơn Tơi xin cám ơn Phòng Đào tạo Sau Đại học, Trường Đại học Khoa học Tự nhiên Tp.HCM giúp đỡ, hỗ trợ thủ tục hành thời gian học tập Trường Tôi gửi lời cám ơn đến bạn bè, đồng nghiệp nhóm nghiên cứu động viên, giúp đỡ q trình tơi học tập Cuối cùng, đặc biệt nhất, gửi lời cám ơn đến gia đình ln hỗ trợ, động viên để tơi an tâm học tập, nghiên cứu, hồn thành luận án Xin dành luận án cho gia đình tơi Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh, tháng năm 2018 Hồng Văn Hưng i Lời cam đoan Tơi cam đoan luận án cơng trình nghiên cứu riêng Các số liệu, kết nêu luận án trung thực chưa công bố cơng trình mà tơi chưa tham gia ii Mục lục Lời cảm ơn i Lời cam đoan ii Mục lục iii Danh sách chữ viết tắt vi Danh sách bảng vii Danh sách hình vẽ ix Mở đầu 1 Lý thuyết phương pháp tính tốn ab initio 13 1.1 Tổng quan 13 1.2 Phương pháp TDSE kết hợp gần electron hoạt động 16 1.2.1 Gần electron hoạt động cho nguyên tử 20 1.2.2 Gần electron hoạt động cho phân tử 21 Ion hóa xuyên hầm phân tử 24 2.1 Mở đầu 24 2.2 Phương pháp tính xác suất ion hóa 27 2.2.1 27 Phương pháp TDSE iii 2.2.2 2.3 2.4 Lý thuyết gần 31 Kết 35 2.3.1 Mơ hình phân tử Z1 Z2 35 2.3.2 Phân tử CO 38 2.3.3 Phân tử NO 41 2.3.4 Phân tử N2 , O2 , CO2 42 Kết luận 44 Phổ nhiễu xạ electron quang lượng cao trường laser hai màu, phân cực tròn, quay ngược chiều 46 3.1 Mở đầu 46 3.2 Phương pháp TDSE tính phân bố xung lượng electron quang 49 Kết 51 3.3.1 Phổ lượng electron quang 51 3.3.2 Phổ xung lượng hai chiều electron quang 53 3.3.3 Trích xuất DCS từ phân bố xung lượng electron quang lượng cao 55 Trích xuất hướng electron quay trở 59 Kết luận 62 3.3 3.3.4 3.4 Phát xạ sóng điều hịa bậc cao trường laser hai màu, phân cực tròn, quay ngược chiều 64 4.1 Mở đầu 64 4.2 Phương pháp tính HHG 67 4.2.1 Phương pháp TDSE 67 4.2.2 QRS 69 Kết 71 4.3.1 So sánh với kết thực nghiệm 71 4.3.2 Thông tin cấu trúc từ HHG 74 4.3 iv 4.3.3 4.4 Phát xạ HHG QRS 76 Kết luận 79 Kết luận hướng phát triển 81 Danh mục cơng trình liên quan đến luận án 83 Tài liệu tham khảo 84 v Danh sách chữ viết tắt ADK a.u BLF DCS fs HHG HOMO MO-ADK MO-PPT PPT QRS SC-MOADK SC-MOPPT SFA TDSE Lý thuyết ADK Ammosov-Delone-Krainov Đơn vị nguyên tử atomic unit Trường laser hai màu, phân cực tròn, quay ngược chiều Bicircular Laser Fields Tiết diện tán xạ vi phân Differential Cross Section femto giây femtosecond Phát xạ sóng điều hòa bậc cao High-order Harmonics Generation Orbital phân tử cao bị chiếm đóng Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital Lý thuyết ADK cho phân tử Molecular Ammosov-Delone-Krainov Lý thuyết PPT cho phân tử Molecular Perelomov-Popov-Terentev Lý thuyết PPT Perelomov-Popov-Terentev Lý thuyết tái tán xạ định lượng Quantitative Rescattering Theory Lý thuyết MO-ADK tính đến hiệu chỉnh Stark Stark-Corrected Molecular Ammosov-Delone-Krainov Lý thuyết MO-PPT tính đến hiệu chỉnh Stark Stark-Corrected Molecular Perelomov-Popov-Terentev Gn ỳng trng mnh Strong-Field Approximation Phng trỡnh Schrăodinger ph thuc thi gian Time-Dependent Schrăodinger Equation vi Danh sỏch bảng 1.1 2.1 Các hệ số Zc mơ hình gần electron hoạt động vài nguyên tử 20 Các thành phần khác không tổng tensor phân cực electron lõi (trong a.u.) cho vài phân tử 29 vii Danh sách hình vẽ 2.1 Đồ thị xung laser phân cực thẳng phụ thuộc thời gian xác suất tồn HOMO phân tử NO tương tác với laser 30 2.2 Hệ số cấu trúc Clm mơ hình Z1 Z2 35 2.3 Xác suất ion hóa phụ thuộc vào góc định hướng β mơ hình Z1 Z2 36 So sánh kết TDSE khơng xét có xét ảnh hưởng phân cực lõi động với MO-ADK, SC-MOADK SC-MOPPT cho xác suất ion hóa CO 39 So sánh kết TDSE khơng xét có xét ảnh hưởng phân cực lõi động với MO-ADK, SC-MOADK SC-MOPPT cho xác suất ion hóa NO 41 So sánh kết TDSE khơng xét có xét ảnh hưởng phân cực lõi động với ADK cho xác suất ion hóa N2 , O2 , CO2 43 Điện trường vector trường laser hai màu, phân cực tròn quay ngược chiều 51 3.2 Phổ lượng electron H, Ne, Xe 52 3.3 Phổ xung lượng hai chiều mặt phẳng xy H, Ne(2p− ), Xe(5p− ) 54 Sơ đồ động học trình tán xạ electron ion mẹ 56 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1 3.4 viii molecular structure on ion disintegration patterns in ionization of O2 and N2 by short laser pulses”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 93, p 113003, 2004 [16] D Paviˇci´c, K F Lee, D M Rayner, P B Corkum, and D M Villeneuve, “Direct measurement of the angular dependence of ionization for N2 , O2 , and CO2 in intense laser fields”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 98, p 243001, 2007 [17] M Meckel, D Comtois, D Zeidler, A Staudte, D Paviˇci´c, H C Bandulet, H Pộpin, J C Kieffer, R Dăorner, D M Villeneuve, and P B Corkum, “Laser-induced electron tunneling and diffraction”, Science, vol 320, pp 1478–1482, 2008 [18] S Haessler, J Caillat, W Boutu, C Giovanetti-Teixeira, T Ruchon, T Auguste, Z Diveki, P Breger, A Maquet, B Carre, R Taieb, and P Salieres, “Attosecond imaging of molecular electronic wavepackets”, Nat Phys., vol 6, pp 200–206, 2010 [19] R Murray, M Spanner, S Patchkovskii, and M Y Ivanov, “Tunnel ionization of molecules and orbital imaging”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 106, p 173001, 2011 [20] C Vozzi, M Negro, F Calegari, G Sansone, M Nisoli, S De Silvestri, and S Stagira, “Generalized molecular orbital tomography”, Nat Phys., vol 7, pp 822–826, 2011 [21] C I Blaga, J Xu, A D DiChiara, E Sistrunk, K Zhang, P Agostini, T A Miller, L F DiMauro, and C D Lin, “Imaging ultrafast molecular dynamics with laser-induced electron diffraction”, Nature, vol 483, pp 194–197, 2012 [22] M G Pullen, B Wolter, A.-T Le, M Baudisch, M Hemmer, A Senftleben, C D Schrăoter, J Ullrich, R Moshammer, C D Lin, and J Biegert, “Imaging an aligned polyatomic molecule with laser-induced electron diffraction”, Nat Commun., vol 6, p 7262, 2015 86 [23] P M Kraus, B Mignolet, D Baykusheva, A Rupenyan, L Horný, E F Penka, G Grassi, O I Tolstikhin, J Schneider, F Jensen, L B Madsen, A D Bandrauk, F Remacle, and H J Wăorner, “Measurement and laser control of attosecond charge migration in ionized iodoacetylene”, Science, vol 350, pp 790–795, 2015 [24] B Wolter, M G Pullen, A.-T Le, M Baudisch, K Doblhoff-Dier, A Senftleben, M Hemmer, C D Schrăoter, J Ullrich, T Pfeifer, R Moshammer, S Grăafe, O Vendrell, C D Lin, and J Biegert, “Ultrafast electron diffraction imaging of bond breaking in di-ionized acetylene”, Science, vol 354, pp 308–312, 2016 [25] S Baker, J S Robinson, C A Haworth, H Teng, R A Smith, C C Chirilă, M Lein, J W G Tisch, and J P Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale”, Science, vol 312, pp 424–427, 2006 [26] O Smirnova, Y Mairesse, S Patchkovskii, N Dudovich, D Villeneuve, P Corkum, and M Y Ivanov, “High harmonic interferometry of multielectron dynamics in molecules”, Nature, vol 460, pp 972–977, 2009 [27] H Worner, J Bertrand, D Kartashov, P Corkum, and D Villeneuve, “Following a chemical reaction using high-harmonic interferometry”, Nature, vol 466, pp 604–607, 2010 [28] T Sekikawa, A Kosuge, T Kanai, and S Watanabe, “Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet”, Nature, vol 432, pp 605–608, 2004 [29] R López-Martens, K Varjú, P Johnsson, J Mauritsson, Y Mairesse, P Salières, M B Gaarde, K J Schafer, A Persson, S Svanberg, C.-G Wahlstrăom, and A LHuillier, Amplitude and phase control of attosecond light pulses”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 94, p 033001, 2005 [30] E Goulielmakis, M Schultze, M Hofstetter, V S Yakovlev, J Gagnon, M Uiberacker, A L Aquila, E M Gullikson, D T Attwood, R Kienberger, F Krausz, and U Kleineberg, “Single-cycle nonlinear optics”, Science, pp 1614–1617, 2008 87 [31] T Popmintchev, M.-C Chen, D Popmintchev, P Arpin, S Brown, S Aliˇsauskas, G Andriukaitis, T Balˇciunas, O D Mă ucke, A Pugzlys, A Baltuska, B Shim, S E Schrauth, A Gaeta, C HernándezGarcía, L Plaja, A Becker, A Jaron-Becker, M M Murnane, and H C Kapteyn, “Bright coherent ultrahigh harmonics in the kev X-ray regime from mid-infrared femtosecond lasers”, Science, vol 336, pp 1287–1291, 2012 [32] E Runge and E K U Gross, “Density-functional theory for timedependent systems”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 52, pp 997–1000, 1984 [33] K C Kulander, “Multiphoton ionization of hydrogen: A time-dependent theory”, Phys Rev A, vol 35, pp 445–447, 1987 [34] K C Kulander, “Time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory of multiphoton ionization: Helium”, Phys Rev A, vol 36, pp 2726–2738, 1987 [35] J L Krause, K J Schafer, and K C Kulander, “Calculation of photoemission from atoms subject to intense laser fields”, Phys Rev A, vol 45, pp 4998–5010, 1992 [36] K Burnett, V C Reed, J Cooper, and P L Knight, “Calculation of the background emitted during high-harmonic generation”, Phys Rev A, vol 45, pp 3347–3349, 1992 [37] X.-M Tong and S.-I Chu, “Time-dependent density-functional theory for strong-field multiphoton processes: Application to the study of the role of dynamical electron correlation in multiple high-order harmonic generation”, Phys Rev A, vol 57, pp 452–461, 1998 [38] X Chu and S.-I Chu, “Self-interaction-free time-dependent densityfunctional theory for molecular processes in strong fields: high-order harmonic generation of H2 in intense laser fields”, Phys Rev A, vol 63, p 023411, 2001 [39] C Shih-I, “Recent development of self-interaction-free time-dependent density-functional theory for nonperturbative treatment of atomic and 88 molecular multiphoton processes in intense laser fields”, J Chem Phys., vol 123, p 062207, 2005 [40] A Castro, H Appel, M Oliveira, C A Rozzi, X Andrade, F Lorenzen, M A L Marques, E K U Gross, and A Rubio, “octopus: a tool for the application of time-dependent density functional theory”, Phys Status Solidi B, vol 243, pp 2465–2488, 2006 [41] D A Telnov and S.-I Chu, “Effects of electron structure and multielectron dynamical response on strong-field multiphoton ionization of diatomic molecules with arbitrary orientation: An all-electron timedependent density-functional-theory approach”, Phys Rev A, vol 79, p 041401, 2009 [42] S Petretti, Y V Vanne, A Saenz, A Castro, and P Decleva, “Alignment-dependent ionization of N2 , O2 , and CO2 in intense laser fields”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 104, p 223001, 2010 [43] B Zhang, J Yuan, and Z Zhao, “Dynamic core polarization in strongfield ionization of CO molecules”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 111, p 163001, 2013 [44] F H M Faisal, “Multiple absorption of laser photons by atoms”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 6, p L89, 1973 [45] H R Reiss, “Effect of an intense electromagnetic field on a weakly bound system”, Phys Rev A, vol 22, pp 1786–1813, 1980 [46] M Y Ivanov, T Brabec, and N Burnett, “Coulomb corrections and polarization effects in high-intensity high-harmonic emission”, Phys Rev A, vol 54, pp 742–745, 1996 [47] J Muth-Băohm, A Becker, and F H M Faisal, “Suppressed molecular ionization for a class of diatomics in intense femtosecond laser fields”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 85, pp 2280–2283, 2000 89 [48] P Salières, B Carré, L Le Déroff, F Grasbon, G G Paulus, H Walther, R Kopold, W Becker, D B Miloˇsevi´c, A Sanpera, and M Lewenstein, “Feynman’s path-integral approach for intense-laser-atom interactions”, Science, vol 292, pp 902–905, 2001 [49] X M Tong, Z X Zhao, and C D Lin, “Theory of molecular tunneling ionization”, Phys Rev A, vol 66, p 033402, 2002 [50] W Becker, F Grasbon, R Kopold, D Milosevic, G Paulus, and H Walther, “Above-threshold ionization: from classical features to quantum effects”, Adv Atom Mol Opt Phys., vol 48, pp 35–98, 2002 [51] D B Milosevic and W Becker, “Role of long quantum orbits in highorder harmonic generation”, Phys Rev A, vol 66, p 063417, 2002 [52] T K Kjeldsen and L B Madsen, “Strong-field ionization of N2 : length and velocity gauge strong-field approximation and tunnelling theory”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 37, p 2033, 2004 [53] G Sansone, C Vozzi, S Stagira, and M Nisoli, “Nonadiabatic quantum path analysis of high-order harmonic generation: Role of the carrier-envelope phase on short and long paths”, Phys Rev A, vol 70, p 013411, 2004 [54] D B Milosevic, G G Paulus, D Bauer, and W Becker, “Abovethreshold ionization by few-cycle pulses”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 39, p R203, 2006 [55] Z Chen, A.-T Le, T Morishita, and C D Lin, “Quantitative rescattering theory for laser-induced high-energy plateau photoelectron spectra”, Phys Rev A, vol 79, p 033409, 2009 [56] A.-T Le, R R Lucchese, S Tonzani, T Morishita, and C D Lin, “Quantitative rescattering theory for high-order harmonic generation from molecules”, Phys Rev A, vol 80, p 013401, 2009 90 [57] A.-T Le, R R Lucchese, and C D Lin, “Quantitative rescattering theory of high-order harmonic generation for polyatomic molecules”, Phys Rev A, vol 87, p 063406, 2013 [58] E Hasovi´c, W Becker, and D B Miloˇsevi´c, “Electron rescattering in a bicircular laser field”, Opt Exp., vol 24, pp 6413–6424, 2016 [59] D B Miloˇsevi´c and W Becker, “Improved strong-field approximation and quantum-orbit theory: Application to ionization by a bicircular laser field”, Phys Rev A, vol 93, p 063418, 2016 [60] A.-T Le, H Wei, C Jin, and C D Lin, “Strong-field approximation and its extension for high-order harmonic generation with mid-infrared lasers”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 49, p 053001, 2016 [61] C A Mancuso, D D Hickstein, K M Dorney, J L Ellis, E Hasovi´c, R Knut, P Grychtol, C Gentry, M Gopalakrishnan, D Zusin, F J Dollar, X.-M Tong, D B Miloˇsevi´c, W Becker, H C Kapteyn, and M M Murnane, “Controlling electron-ion rescattering in two-color circularly polarized femtosecond laser fields”, Phys Rev A, vol 93, p 053406, 2016 [62] M R Hermann and J A Fleck, “Split-operator spectral method for solving the time-dependent chrăodinger equation in spherical coordinates, Phys Rev A, vol 38, pp 6000–6012, 1988 [63] X.-M Tong and S.-I Chu, “Theoretical study of multiple high-order harmonic generation by intense ultrashort pulsed laser fields: A new generalized pseudospectral time-dependent method”, Chem Phys., vol 217, pp 119–130, 1997 [64] D A Telnov and S.-I Chu, “Ab initio study of the orientation effects in multiphoton ionization and high-order harmonic generation from the ground and excited electronic states of H+ ”, Phys Rev A, vol 76, p 043412, 2007 91 [65] A E S Green, D L Sellin, and A S Zachor, “Analytic independentparticle model for atoms”, Phys Rev., vol 184, pp 1–9, 1969 [66] R H Garvey, C H Jackman, and A E S Green, “Independent-particlemodel potentials for atoms and ions with 36 ≤ Z ≤ 54 and a modified thomas-fermi atomic energy formula”, Phys Rev A, vol 12, pp 1144– 1152, 1975 [67] R van Leeuwen and E J Baerends, “Exchange-correlation potential with correct asymptotic behavior”, Phys Rev A, vol 49, pp 2421–2431, 1994 [68] X.-M Tong and S.-I Chu, “Density-functional theory with optimized effective potential and self-interaction correction for ground states and autoionizing resonances”, Phys Rev A, vol 55, pp 3406–3416, 1997 [69] X M Tong and C D Lin, “Empirical formula for static field ionization rates of atoms and molecules by lasers in the barrier-suppression regime”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 38, p 2593, 2005 [70] M Abu-samha and L B Madsen, “Single-active-electron potentials for molecules in intense laser fields”, Phys Rev A, vol 81, p 033416, 2010 [71] S.-F Zhao, C Jin, A.-T Le, T F Jiang, and C D Lin, “Determination of structure parameters in strong-field tunneling ionization theory of molecules”, Phys Rev A, vol 81, p 033423, 2010 [72] H G Muller, “Numerical simulation of high-order above-thresholdionization enhancement in Argon”, Phys Rev A, vol 60, pp 1341–1350, 1999 [73] Z Chen, T Morishita, A.-T Le, and C D Lin, “Analysis of twodimensional high-energy photoelectron momentum distributions in the single ionization of atoms by intense laser pulses”, Phys Rev A, vol 76, p 043402, 2007 92 [74] L B Madsen, O I Tolstikhin, and T Morishita, “Application of the weak-field asymptotic theory to the analysis of tunneling ionization of linear molecules”, Phys Rev A, vol 85, p 053404, 2012 [75] M Okunishi, T Morishita, G Pră umper, K Shimada, C D Lin, S Watanabe, and K Ueda, “Experimental retrieval of target structure information from laser-induced rescattered photoelectron momentum distributions”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 100, p 143001, 2008 [76] D Ray, B Ulrich, I Bocharova, C Maharjan, P Ranitovic, B Gramkow, M Magrakvelidze, S De, I V Litvinyuk, A T Le, T Morishita, C D Lin, G G Paulus, and C L Cocke, “Large-angle electron diffraction structure in laser-induced rescattering from rare gases”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 100, p 143002, 2008 [77] J Higuet, H Ruf, N Thiré, R Cireasa, E Constant, E Cormier, D Descamps, E Mevel, S Petit, B Pons, Y Mairesse, and B Fabre, “High-order harmonic spectroscopy of the Cooper minimum in Argon: Experimental and theoretical study”, Phys Rev A, vol 83, p 053401, 2011 [78] D Baykusheva, M S Ahsan, N Lin, and H J Wăorner, Bicircular high-harmonic spectroscopy reveals dynamical symmetries of atoms and molecules”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 116, p 123001, 2016 [79] A Fleischer, O Kfir, T Diskin, P Sidorenko, and O Cohen, “Spin angular momentum and tunable polarization in high-harmonic generation”, Nat Photon., vol 8, pp 543–549, 2014 [80] X Chu, “Time-dependent density-functional-theory calculation of strong-field ionization rates of H2 ”, Phys Rev A, vol 82, p 023407, 2010 [81] A Perelomov, V Popov, and M Terentev, “Ionization of atoms in an alternating electric field”, Sov Phys JETP, vol 23, pp 924–934, 1966 93 [82] M Ammosov, N Delone, and V Krainov, “Tunnel ionization of complex atoms and of atomic ions in an alternating electromagnetic field”, JETP, vol 64, pp 1191–1194, 1986 [83] L Holmegaard, J L Hansen, L Kalhoj, S Louise Kragh, H Stapelfeldt, F Filsinger, J Kupper, G Meijer, D Dimitrovski, M Abu-samha, C P J Martiny, and L Bojer Madsen, “Photoelectron angular distributions from strong-field ionization of oriented molecules”, Nat Phys., vol 6, pp 428–432, 2010 [84] H Li, D Ray, S De, I Znakovskaya, W Cao, G Laurent, Z Wang, M F Kling, A T Le, and C L Cocke, “Orientation dependence of the ionization of CO and NO in an intense femtosecond two-color laser field”, Phys Rev A, vol 84, p 043429, 2011 [85] H Ohmura, N Saito, and T Morishita, “Quantum control of molecular tunneling ionization in the spatiotemporal domain”, Phys Rev A, vol 83, p 063407, 2011 [86] J Wu, L P H Schmidt, M Kunitski, M Meckel, S Voss, H Sann, H Kim, T Jahnke, A Czasch, and R Dăorner, “Multiorbital tunneling ionization of the CO molecule”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 108, p 183001, 2012 [87] S.-F Zhao, A.-T Le, C Jin, X Wang, and C D Lin, “Analytical model for calibrating laser intensity in strong-field-ionization experiments”, Phys Rev A, vol 93, p 023413, 2016 [88] T Zuo, A Bandrauk, and P Corkum, “Laser-induced electron diffraction: a new tool for probing ultrafast molecular dynamics”, Chem Phys Lett., vol 259, pp 313–320, 1996 [89] M Spanner, O Smirnova, P B Corkum, and M Y Ivanov, “Reading diffraction images in strong field ionization of diatomic molecules”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 37, p L243, 2004 94 [90] J Xu, Z Chen, A.-T Le, and C D Lin, “Self-imaging of molecules from diffraction spectra by laser-induced rescattering electrons”, Phys Rev A, vol 82, p 033403, 2010 [91] C D Lin, A.-T Le, Z Chen, T Morishita, and R Lucchese, “Strongfield rescattering physics: self-imaging of a molecule by its own electrons”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 43, p 122001, 2010 [92] K J Schafer, B Yang, L F DiMauro, and K C Kulander, “Above threshold ionization beyond the high harmonic cutoff”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 70, pp 1599–1602, 1993 [93] C A Mancuso, D D Hickstein, P Grychtol, R Knut, O Kfir, X.-M Tong, F Dollar, D Zusin, M Gopalakrishnan, C Gentry, E Turgut, J L Ellis, M.-C Chen, A Fleischer, O Cohen, H C Kapteyn, and M M Murnane, “Strong-field ionization with two-color circularly polarized laser fields”, Phys Rev A, vol 91, p 031402, 2015 [94] H J Wăorner, J B Bertrand, P Hockett, P B Corkum, and D M Villeneuve, “Controlling the interference of multiple molecular orbitals in high-harmonic generation”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 104, p 233904, 2010 [95] O Kfir, P Grychtol, E Turgut, R Knut, D Zusin, D Popmintchev, T Popmintchev, H Nembach, J M Shaw, A Fleischer, H Kapteyn, M Murnane, and O Cohen, “Generation of bright phase-matched circularly-polarized extreme ultraviolet high harmonics”, Nat Photon., vol 9, pp 99–105, 2014 [96] T Fan, P Grychtol, R Knut, C Hernandez-Garcia, D D Hickstein, D Zusin, C Gentry, F J Dollar, C A Mancuso, C W Hogle, O Kfir, D Legut, K Carva, J L Ellis, K M Dorney, C Chen, O G Shpyrko, E E Fullerton, O Cohen, P M Oppeneer, D B Milosevic, A Becker, A A Jaron-Becker, T Popmintchev, M M Murnane, and H C Kapteyn, “Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism”, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, vol 112, pp 14206–14211, 2015 95 [97] D B Miloˇsevi´c, W Becker, and R Kopold, “Generation of circularly polarized high-order harmonics by two-color coplanar field mixing”, Phys Rev A, vol 61, p 063403, 2000 [98] L Mediˇsauskas, J Wragg, H van der Hart, and M Y Ivanov, “Generating isolated elliptically polarized attosecond pulses using bichromatic counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 115, p 153001, 2015 [99] D B Miloˇsevi´c, “Circularly polarized high harmonics generated by a bicircular field from inert atomic gases in the p state: A tool for exploring chirality-sensitive processes”, Phys Rev A, vol 92, p 043827, 2015 [100] F Mauger, A D Bandrauk, and T Uzer, “Circularly polarized molecular high harmonic generation using a bicircular laser”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 49, p 10LT01, 2016 [101] D M Reich and L B Madsen, “Illuminating molecular symmetries with bicircular high-order-harmonic generation”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 117, p 133902, 2016 [102] L Keldysh, “Ionization in the field of a strong electromagnetic wave”, JETP, vol 20, pp 1307–1314, 1965 [103] J V Lill, G A Parker, and J C Light, “Discrete variable representations and sudden models in quantum scattering theory”, Chem Phys Lett., vol 89, pp 483–489, 1982 [104] J C Light, I P Hamilton, and J V Lill, “Generalized discrete variable approximation in quantum mechanics”, J Chem Phys., vol 82, pp 1400–1409, 1985 [105] M J Frisch, G W Trucks, H B Schlegel, G E Scuseria, M A Robb, J R Cheeseman, J A Montgomery, Jr., T Vreven, K N Kudin, J C Burant, J M Millam, S S Iyengar, J Tomasi, V Barone, B Mennucci, M Cossi, G Scalmani, N Rega, G A Petersson, H Nakatsuji, M Hada, M Ehara, K Toyota, R Fukuda, J Hasegawa, M Ishida, T Nakajima, 96 Y Honda, O Kitao, H Nakai, M Klene, X Li, J E Knox, H P Hratchian, J B Cross, V Bakken, C Adamo, J Jaramillo, R Gomperts, R E Stratmann, O Yazyev, A J Austin, R Cammi, C Pomelli, J W Ochterski, P Y Ayala, K Morokuma, G A Voth, P Salvador, J J Dannenberg, V G Zakrzewski, S Dapprich, A D Daniels, M C Strain, O Farkas, D K Malick, A D Rabuck, K Raghavachari, J B Foresman, J V Ortiz, Q Cui, A G Baboul, S Clifford, J Cioslowski, B B Stefanov, G Liu, A Liashenko, P Piskorz, I Komaromi, R L Martin, D J Fox, T Keith, M A Al-Laham, C Y Peng, A Nanayakkara, M Challacombe, P M W Gill, B Johnson, W Chen, M W Wong, C Gonzalez, and J A Pople, “Gaussian 03, Revision C.02.” Gaussian, Inc., Wallingford, CT, 2004 [106] W Kohn and L J Sham, “Self-consistent equations including exchange and correlation effects”, Phys Rev., vol 140, pp A1133–A1138, 1965 [107] X Zhou, Z Chen, T Morishita, A.-T Le, and C D Lin, “Retrieval of electron-atom scattering cross sections from laser-induced electron rescattering of atomic negative ions in intense laser fields”, Phys Rev A, vol 77, p 053410, 2008 [108] B Walker, B Sheehy, L F DiMauro, P Agostini, K J Schafer, and K C Kulander, “Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 73, pp 1227–1230, 1994 [109] H Stapelfeldt and T Seideman, “Colloquium: Aligning molecules with strong laser pulses”, Rev Mod Phys., vol 75, pp 543–557, 2003 [110] O I Tolstikhin, T Morishita, and L B Madsen, “Theory of tunneling ionization of molecules: Weak-field asymptotics including dipole effects”, Phys Rev A, vol 84, p 053423, 2011 [111] D Dimitrovski, C P J Martiny, and L B Madsen, “Strong-field ionization of polar molecules: Stark-shift-corrected strong-field approximation”, Phys Rev A, vol 82, p 053404, 2010 97 [112] D Bauer, D B Miloˇsevi´c, and W Becker, “Strong-field approximation for intense-laser–atom processes: The choice of gauge”, Phys Rev A, vol 72, p 023415, 2005 [113] W Becker, J Chen, S G Chen, and D B Miloˇsevi´c, “Dressed-state strong-field approximation for laser-induced molecular ionization”, Phys Rev A, vol 76, p 033403, 2007 [114] R Kopold, W Becker, and M Kleber, “Model calculations of highharmonic generation in molecular ions”, Phys Rev A, vol 58, pp 4022– 4038, 1998 [115] T Brabec, M Côté, P Boulanger, and L Ramunno, “Theory of tunnel ionization in complex systems”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 95, p 073001, 2005 [116] V P Majety and A Scrinzi, “Static field ionization rates for multielectron atoms and small molecules”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 48, p 245603, 2015 [117] N I Shvetsov-Shilovski, D Dimitrovski, and L B Madsen, “Ionization in elliptically polarized pulses: Multielectron polarization effects and asymmetry of photoelectron momentum distributions”, Phys Rev A, vol 85, p 023428, 2012 [118] A N Pfeiffer, C Cirelli, M Smolarski, D Dimitrovski, M Abu-samha, L B Madsen, and U Keller, “Attoclock reveals natural coordinates of the laser-induced tunnelling current flow in atoms”, Nat Phys., vol 8, pp 76–80, 2012 [119] D Dimitrovski, J Maurer, H Stapelfeldt, and L B Madsen, “Lowenergy photoelectrons in strong-field ionization by laser pulses with large ellipticity”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 113, p 103005, 2014 ´ [120] M D Spiewanowski and L B Madsen, “Alignment- and orientationdependent strong-field ionization of molecules: Field-induced orbital distortion effects”, Phys Rev A, vol 91, p 043406, 2015 98 [121] T Endo, A Matsuda, M Fushitani, T Yasuike, O I Tolstikhin, T Morishita, and A Hishikawa, “Imaging electronic excitation of no by ultrafast laser tunneling ionization”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 116, p 163002, 2016 [122] S.-F Zhao, C Jin, A.-T Le, T F Jiang, and C D Lin, “Analysis of angular dependence of strong-field tunneling ionization for CO2 ”, Phys Rev A, vol 80, p 051402, 2009 [123] G A Gallup and I I Fabrikant, “Semiclassical complex-time method for tunneling ionization: Molecular suppression and orientational dependence”, Phys Rev A, vol 81, p 033417, 2010 [124] V P Majety and A Scrinzi, “Dynamic exchange in the strong field ionization of molecules”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 115, p 103002, 2015 [125] V H Trinh, O I Tolstikhin, L B Madsen, and T Morishita, “Firstorder correction terms in the weak-field asymptotic theory of tunneling ionization”, Phys Rev A, vol 87, p 043426, 2013 [126] I Barth and O Smirnova, “Nonadiabatic tunneling in circularly polarized laser fields: Physical picture and calculations”, Phys Rev A, vol 84, p 063415, 2011 [127] I Barth and O Smirnova, “Nonadiabatic tunneling in circularly polarized laser fields ii derivation of formulas”, Phys Rev A, vol 87, p 013433, 2013 [128] D B Miloˇsevi´c, “Possibility of introducing spin into attoscience with spin-polarized electrons produced by a bichromatic circularly polarized laser field”, Phys Rev A, vol 93, p 051402, 2016 [129] Z Chen, A.-T Le, T Morishita, and C D Lin, “Origin of species dependence of high-energy plateau photoelectron spectra”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 42, p 061001, 2009 99 [130] O Smirnova, M Spanner, and M Ivanov, “Analytical solutions for strong field-driven atomic and molecular one- and two-electron continua and applications to strong-field problems”, Phys Rev A, vol 77, p 033407, 2008 [131] E Pisanty, S Sukiasyan, and M Ivanov, “Spin conservation in highorder-harmonic generation using bicircular fields”, Phys Rev A, vol 90, p 043829, 2014 [132] D B Milosevic, “High-order harmonic generation by a bichromatic elliptically polarized field: conservation of angular momentum”, J Phys B: At Mol Opt Phys., vol 48, p 171001, 2015 [133] J W Cooper, “Photoionization from outer atomic subshells a model study”, Phys Rev., vol 128, pp 681693, 1962 [134] H J Wăorner, H Niikura, J B Bertrand, P B Corkum, and D M Villeneuve, “Observation of electronic structure minima in high-harmonic generation”, Phys Rev Lett., vol 102, p 103901, 2009 [135] H.-J Werner, P J Knowles, G Knizia, F R Manby, and M Schă utz, Molpro: a general-purpose quantum chemistry program package, WIREs Comput Mol Sci., vol 2, pp 242–253, 2012 [136] A P P Natalense and R R Lucchese, “Cross section and asymmetry parameter calculation for sulfur 1s photoionization of SF6 ”, J Chem Phys., vol 111, pp 5344–5348, 1999 [137] A.-T Le, R R Lucchese, and C D Lin, “Polarization and ellipticity of high-order harmonics from aligned molecules generated by linearly polarized intense laser pulses”, Phys Rev A, vol 82, p 023814, 2010 100 ... laser cực ngắn với nguyên tử, phân tử ” Mục tiêu luận án tìm cách thu nhận thơng tin cấu trúc dựa khảo sát ab initio số hiệu ứng tái va chạm tương tác laser cực ngắn với nguyên tử, phân tử Do... trình tương tác xung laser cực ngắn với nguyên tử, phân tử hướng nghiên cứu sôi động kể thực nghiệm lý thuyết Điều thúc đẩy thực luận án ? ?Khảo sát ab initio cho hiệu ứng tái va chạm tương tác laser. .. TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC TỰ NHIÊN HOÀNG VĂN HƯNG KHẢO SÁT AB INITIO CHO HIỆU ỨNG TÁI VA CHẠM TRONG TƯƠNG TÁC LASER CỰC NGẮN VỚI NGUYÊN TỬ, PHÂN TỬ Ngành: Vật Lý Lý Thuyết Vật Lý Toán Mã số ngành