A study on the passive voice in english and in vietnamese (nghiên cứu về thể bị động trong tiếng anh và tiếng việt)

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC PHENIKAA KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP A STUDY ON THE PASSIVE VOICE IN ENGLISH AND IN VIETNAMESE Sinh viên: Nguyễn Thị Duyên Mã số sinh viên: 16D220201004 Khóa: K10 Ngành: Ngơn Ngữ Anh Hệ: Chính quy Giảng viên hướng dẫn: M.A Dương Hồng Quân Hà Nội – Năm 2020 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC PHENIKAA CỘNG HOÀ XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập - Tự - Hạnh phúc PHIẾU ĐÁNH GIÁ KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN I THÔNG TIN CHUNG Người đánh giá: Dương Hồng Quân Học hàm, học vị: Thạc sĩ Đơn vị công tác: Khoa Ngoại Ngữ, Trường Đại học Phenikaa Họ tên sinh viên: Nguyễn Thị Duyên Mã SV: 16D220201004 Ngành: Ngôn Ngữ Anh Tên đề tài: A study on the passive voice in English and in Vietnamese ( Nghiên cứu về câu bị động tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt) II ĐÁNH GIÁ (Điểm tiêu chí điểm cuối làm tròn đến chữ số thập phân) STT Nội dung đánh giá Ý thức và thái đợ sinh viên q trình thực hiện đề tài Khả xử lý, giải quyết vấn đề sinh viên thực hiện đề tài Hình thức trình bày thuyết minh vẽ (Theo quy định nhà trường, khơng có lỗi tả, ngắn gọn, mạch lạc, xúc tích ) Thực hiện nội dung đề tài (Về nội dung chuyên môn khoa học về phương pháp nghiên cứu, xử lý vấn đề ĐA, KLTN có đúng, sai, có mới, mức đợ sáng tạo) Mối liên hệ với vấn đề liên quan (cơ sở lý thuyết hướng nghiên cứu khác có liên quan) Tính ứng dụng thực tiễn (phạm vi mức độ ứng dụng, triển vọng đề tài, tính mới, tính sáng tạo ) Tổng số III NHẬN XÉT Điểm Điểm tối đánh đa giá 2.0 2.0 1.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 10 ………………………………………………… …………………… …… ………………………………………………… …………………… …… Hà Nội, ngày … tháng … năm 20… GIẢNG VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN (Ký ghi rõ họ tên) THE AIM OF THE GRADUATION The aim of this thesis is to discuss the English and Vietnamese passive voice and their impact upon learning English in Vietnamese situation It is hoped that this contrastive analysis will provide as much information as possible on English and Vietnamese passive voice It attempts to state this similarities and differences in passive voice of the two languages in term of their internal and external structures The study draws attention to the analysis of the heads of passive voice in the two languages, the pre and post modifications, their positions and functions of English and Vietnamese passive voice At the same time, some kinds of error made by Vietnamese learners differences in word order and functions of passive voice between the two languages will be discuss and make some solutions for learners so as to help them overtake obstacles ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my very great appreciation to Mr Duong Hong Quan, for his valuable and constructive suggestions during the planning and development of this study In addition, my sincere thanks to the staff of the Faculty of Foreign Languages at Phenikaa University and who give my research, feedback and essential information I am profoundly grateful to my dear family and friends, who are always besides, support and motivate me throughout my study ABSTRACT Language is a complicated category Only human beings can use language to express their idea, concepts and feelings The use of this tool is for the communication between the addresser and the addressee There are more than two hundred languages and each language has its own feature all over the world Language itself is a complex system and it is dependent to us culturally, socially and personally Learning a language involves many things such as pronunciation, vocabulary … The aim of this study is to discuss the passive voice in English and Vietnamese I hope this paper will provide as much information as possible for teachers and learners about passive voice It also attempts to state the similarities and differences and the structures in passive voice of two languages Finally, there are some teaching implications made for who are going to learn English teachers Moreover, it can help students to achieve maximum communication CONTENTS PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 Rationale of the study Aims of the study Scope of the study Methods of the study Design of the study PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Sentence Tense, Aspect and Mood 2.1 Tense 2.2 Aspect 2.3 Mood Kinds of the Verb 3.1 Dynamic and Stative Verb 3.2 Intensitive and Extensive Verb 3.3 Copulative Verb 3.4 Monotransitive, Ditransitive and Complex Transitive Verb CHAPTER II: AN OVERVIEW OF PASSIVE VOICE Definition of passive voice Sketches on passive voice Function of Passive Voice CHAPTER III: CLASSIFICATION, FORMATION AND USE OF PASSIVE VOICE 10 The way to change active into passive 10 Form of the passive voice 11 2.1 The affirmative form 11 2.2 The negative form: 12 2.3 The interrogative form: 12 The use of the passive 14 3.1 Form of Passive voice 15 3.2 Personal and Impersonal Passive 16 Some special forms with passive meaning 18 4.1 The passive with get 18 4.2 The passive with verbs of giving 19 4.3 The passive with passive have and get 19 4.4 Prepositions with passive verbs 20 4.5 Modal verb in the passive 20 4.6 The passive with verbs of reporting 20 4.7 Pseudo-passives: 21 CHAPER IV: COMPARISION BETWEEN VIETNAMSE AND ENGLISH PASSIVE VOICE 25 The passive voice in Vietnam 25 The differences between English and Vietnamse passive voice 31 2.1 The similarities 31 2.2 The differences 32 Suggestion for students 34 CHAPTER V: SOME MISTAKES PROBABLY MADE BY VIETNAMESE LEARNERS IN LEARNING PASSIVE VOICE AND SUGGESTED WAYS OF OVERCOMING THESE MISTAKES 35 In translation 35 In changing the active sentence into the passive one 36 PART C: CONCLUSION 38 PRACTICE 39 REFERENCES 44 PART A: INTRODUCTION Rationale of the study In the current trend of international economic integration, learning foreign languages, especially English, in any country, is paid attention and invested satisfactorily Learing foreign languages in general and English in particular re quires the learner to work hardly, study and draw knowledge for their own benefit Realizing and thinking highly of the importance of English grammar, I decided to pick it out for the study of my graduation paper However, due to the limitation of time and knowledge, I will just spend time concentrating on the study of an issue of English grammar called “The passive voice” I hope that it will become useful for those who study English Grammar in general and the passive voice in particular Aims of the study Today, along with the development of science and technology as well as the requirements of international economic intergration, English is considered the global language of the world In addition, English helps to communicate with everyone from different countries and understand more about their tradition and culture However, to learn English as well as is rather difficult There are many complex problems and one of them is passive voice Thence , the aims of the study are: Presenting, describing and analyzing the passive voice in English and in Vietnamese Identifying the similarities and differences between these two languages To make some solutions for learners so as to help them overtake obstacles Show the expressions of “bị” and “được” in Vietnamese Give some implications for English teaching and learning of the passive voice Find out the similarities and differences in construction of the passive voice in English and in Vietnamese equivalent - Give the list of their usage Scope of the study I will concentrate mainly on formations, usages and variations of passive voice Throughout the study, the similarities and differences of using passive voice in the two languages are drawn out It makes contribution to the improvement of teaching and learning of English to Vietnamese learners I decide to raise these following questions to discuss: - What is the form of passive voice? How does active change into passive voice? - How many special kinds of passive voice? How are these errors eliminated? - How can the passive voice be used? I have tried my best to complete my thesis and I hope that my study will bring the useful information to everybody who is passionate about English In this thesis, the passive is viewed from different grammatical aspects based on the definitions, classifications, usage and structures in both English and Vietnamese will be taken as the basis for the comparison and contrast Methods of the study The main purpose of this study is to find out the passive voice in English and in Vietnamese The result of this study will help to make language learning and teaching more effective The writer has used the collecting and analyzing methods in this study - Collecting method is used to find out all the passive voice from a variety of books and valuable resources such as internet, graduation papers, etc - Examples are used to illustrate given information which are extracted - from a variety of textbooks and resources Comparison is indispensable method to point out similarities and - differences of passive voice in English and in Vietnamese organization Design of the study Part A is the introduction, which gives the reason for choosing the topic of this study, pointing out aims of conducting the study, making out the methods applied, limiting the study and giving out the design of the study as well Part B refers to the main content that consists of three chapters: Chapter I discusses the theoretical preliminaries in which attention is paid to the comparison between passive and active voice, the relation between transitivity and voice, tense, aspect and mood, semantic differences between active and passive voice and kinds of verb Chapter II is the main part of the study It describes the way to change active into passive, the forms and the use of the passive Some special forms and voice restrictions are also presented Chapter III, the passive voice in English through contrastive analysis with Vietnamese, consists of some problems such as: some remarks on Vietnamese, the differences and the similarities between two languages Chapter IV, comparision between Vietnamese and English passive voice Chapter V, some mistakes made by Vietnamese learners and suggested ways of overcoming these mistakes Part C offers the overview of the study and gives conclusion PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Sentence A sentence is a complete unit of meaning When we speak, our sentences may be extremely involved or even unfinished, yet we can still convey our meaning through intonation, gesture, facial expression, etc A written sentence must begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) According to Modern English, sentence consists of two immediate constituents: subject and predicate In linguistic, a sentence is an expression in natural language – a grammatical and lexical unit consisting of one or more words, representing distinct and differentiated concepts, and combined to form a meaningful statement, question, request, command, etc According to syntactic, sentence can be divided into four major classes:  STATEMENTS are sentences in which the subject: is always present and generally precedes the verb: E.g Lan will speak to the doctor today  QUESTIONS E.g Who will you speak to? E.g You will speak to the doctor?  COMMANDS are sentences which normally have no overt grammatical subject, and whose verb is in the imperative: E.g Speak to the doctor today Tense, Aspect and Mood ... construction of the passive voice in English and in Vietnamese equivalent - Give the list of their usage Scope of the study I will concentrate mainly on formations, usages and variations of passive. .. economic integration, learning foreign languages, especially English, in any country, is paid attention and invested satisfactorily Learing foreign languages in general and English in particular... GRADUATION The aim of this thesis is to discuss the English and Vietnamese passive voice and their impact upon learning English in Vietnamese situation It is hoped that this contrastive analysis