(Sáng kiến kinh nghiệm) the effective way to teach verb to have

TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE NUMBER TABLE OF CONTENT PART I: INTRODUCTION Aims of the study Contributions of the study in teaching PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND 1.Theoretical background Practical background CHAPTER THE REALITY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING THE 13 KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO THE VERB “ TO HAVE” AT TRIỆU THỊ TRINH 3RD UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL CHAPTER The usage of TO USE THE “TO HAVE” VERB IN ENGLISH 16 3.1 The pronunciation of the verb “ HAVE” in different cases 18 3.2 “HAVE” as an ordinary verb 20 3.3 “HAVE” as an auxilary verb 23 CHAPTER VERIFYING THE SOLUTION OF THE STUDY 25 PART III: CONCLUSION 28 REFERENCES 29 PART I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale English is one of the necessary subjects for students in general, and even more important for high school students because it is not only a compulsory subject at school but also a subject of decision in the important contests as high school exams and university entrance exams It is considered as a main key to open the treasure of human knowledge Similar to other languages, English verbs are the main ingredients in the English sentence Among the many verbs, the verb TO HAVE is used and how to use it can be said to be the most diverse For students, the knowledge related to the verb TO HAVE and distinguish the differences in each structure is not simple Therefore, I have decided to choose the topic "The knowledge related to the verb TO HAVE in English" to systematize in a relatively full useage and to help students learn more effectively 1.2 Aims of the study This study is conducted to help students of Trieu Thi Trinh rd High school to understand the verb TO HAVE more clearly Furthermore, it is hoped that sts learn how to use the knowledge realating to the verb TO HAVE To summarize the above, my study is aimed at: - Providing the theretical background about the verb “ to have” - Analyzing the types of the verb TO HAVE and its specific usages - Some difficulties posibly encountered by sts at Trieu Thi Trinh rd Upper secondary school when using the verb “ TO HAVE” - Suggesting some feasible solutions to help teacher and students at the school improve the quality of teaching and learning English skills, especially in mastering English grammar rules 1.3 Scope of the study Given the rationale and the aims of the study , it is necessary to limit the study to the areas which are manageable Benefits of summarizing the knowledge involved with “to have” verb create the effectiveness of students’ learning and grammar which focus on two factors: developing students’s motivation and understanding of the lesson The subject under the study are the 11th – form students at Trieu Thi Trinh rd Upper secondary school 1.4 Methods of the study To complete this study, the following steps implemented: - Collected references and books related to English grammar are analyzed in details to form the theoretical background this paper - The available theory concerning with “to have” verb is studied and followed in my study paper - Ideas of some possible difficulties are got from my understanding the English learning and teaching English at Trieu Thi Trinh rd Upper secondary school as well as my gained experiences in training course PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND 1.Theoretical background Nowadays, English is a language widely used in the world It is the official language of many countries and many people use it as a second language.It is used as the language of many important fields, such as: aviation, sports, business, engineering, etc It can be easily seen that we need to master English to be able to have better access to human knowledge, and with international integration Therefore, equipping students with good knowledge of this language and the skills to use it is very important In reality, English has been a core subject in schools in Vietnam for many years Equipping teaching conditions as textbooks, reference books are always interested by teachers However, It is the fact that each book refers to different aspects of an issue To master the knowledge in a systematic way is not easy task ,the learner must synthesize from many different sources, and not everyone can find the suitable books The knowledge related to TO HAVE verb in English is also not an exception For having the knowledge system to students adequately on this verb, I have also refered to many different books In this study, I am focusing on the following key issues: - The pronunciation of the verb HAVE in cases - The HAVE verb used as a verb + Meaning "possess" + Other meanings - The HAVE verb used as auxiliary verbs in different structures Practical background English verb is a main ingredient in sentence and TO HAVE verb in the English language is also Moreover, this verb is also used in many sentence structures with many different meanings Obviously, TO HAVE verb along with TO BE verb has the most diverse usage in English These are the verbs which the students meet regularly during the process of learning English at school However, in the proces of teaching English, we can see that not all students who can master the knowledge system related to this verb There are many reasons why students can not master this knowledge well The first reason is because of the English learning environment Primarily, students often practise writing to memorize grammatical structures and not pay attention much on practising speaking The second one is that students themselves are not aware of the necessity of learning English subject and learn English as a compulsory task The limited ability of the students for absorbing English lessons is also considered as a reason students can not achieve high results whereas some students have tried to spend much time on learning English The fourth reason is because students not know how to systematize the knowledge accordingly so that they can master the basic content of a lesson It is a fact that students try to remember the formula mechanically, or think carelessly and sometime not find out the nature of the problem clearly to infer basic conclusions Therefore, teachers should provide a fairly complete knowledge system to their students , and help them understand carefully the knowledge learned CHAPTER THE REALITY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING THE KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO “ TO HAVE” VERB IN UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL For high school students in general and at Trieu Thi Trinh 3rd High School , learning about the TO HAVE verb is usually used as a verb and they have seen that it is different from other verbs If regular verbs in the present tense on confirmation is divided as V, Vs or Ves with most verbs (eg I like or He likes; I watch or He watches ), the HAVE verb can be divided into “HAVE” or “HAS” Students also have to distinguish the difference between HAVE and HAVE GOT The negative forms of “HAVE” are used as “ DO NOT HAVE” or “DOES NOT HAVE” while “HAVE GOT” being “HASN”T GOT” or “GOT” In the next lesson, the students have distinguish usages of “HAVE” meant as “possess” (sở hữu) It is a fact that most of the students have translated an English sentence "I have breakfast at 6:30 a.m" into Vietnamese : " Tơi có bữa sáng lúc sáu rưỡi sáng." They also have to keep in mind that “ HAVE” meant as "possess", it is not used in the continuous tenses However, the verb “HAVE” has other means used in the continuous tenses For example, we can say: "I'm having breakfast." but we can not say, "She is having a new car of the her own now" The verb“ TO HAVE” with the function of an auxiliary verb is also complicated It can be used as auxiliary verb in the present perfect tense, present perfect continuous tense, past perfect tense , past perfect continuous tense, future perfect, future perfect continuous (active and passive sentences ) Besides, it is used in such structures as: must have + past participle, might(not) have + past participle, should(n’t) have + past participle, need(n’t) have + past participle, could(n’t) have + past participle, would(n’t) have + past participle, was/were to have + past participle Each structure has different meanings In addition, it is also appeared in several special structures: have somebody something; have something done; have somebody doing something , etc In short, to teach students how to understand and distinguish the different usages of the verb“ TO HAVE” is very difficult, and it is more difficult to help students how to systematize this knowledge in a fairly full way CHAPTER SOME WAYS OF USING THE TO HAVE VERB IN ENGLISH 3.1 PRONUNCIATION Being a special verb , “TO HAVE” is conjugated : “has/have” for the present tense and “had” for past tense In affirmative form or negative from; present tense or part tense, the verb has its abbreviation: “have” can be pronounced as [hæv ] or [həv] “has” can be pronounced as [hæz] or [həz] We pronounce [hæv]/ [hæz] when there is stress and [həv]/[ həz] when there is no I have – I’ve [aiv] He has – He’s[hi:z] She has – She’s [∫i:z] It has - It’s[its] We has – We’ve[wi:v] You have – You’ve [ju:v] They have – They’ve[ðeiv] have not = haven’t [hævnt] has not = hasn’t [hæznt] had not= hadn’t [hædnt] Eg: has [həz] Has anyone seen my pencil? He has been here She has got a book [s] It’s fallen on the floor What’s happened? [hæz] Has he got a ballpen?-> yes, he has He hasn’t seen it yes have [həv] Where have you been? I have got a book They have gone [hæv] Have you got a pen? -> yes, I have I haven’t seen you for weeks Have you finished? had [hæd] He had a headache yesterday I hadn’t a car 3.2 HAVE AS AN ORDINARY VERB 3.2.1 HAVE and HAVE GOT meaning “possess” This is the basic mean of HAVE 3.2.1.1 The present form of HAVE as an ordinary verb Affirmative full Short form Negative short form form I have I’ve I don’t have You have You’ve You don’t have He has He’s He doesn’t have She has She’s She doesn’t have It has It’s It doesn’t have We have We’ve We don’t have They have They’ve They don’t have 3.2.1.2 The past form of HAVE as an ordinary verb a chance Affirmative full form Short form I had I’d Negative short form I didn’t have You had You’d You didn’t have He had He’d He didn’t have She had She’d She didn’t have It had It’d It didn’t have We had We’d We didn’t have They had They’d They didn’t have a chance 3.2.1.3 The present form of HAVE GOT Affirmative full form Short form I have got I’ve got Negative short form I haven’/ I’ve not got You have got You’ve got You haven’t/ You’ve not got He has got He’s got He hasn’t/ He’s not got She has got She’s got She hasn’t/ He’s not got It has got It’s got It hasn’t/ It’s not got We have got We’ve got We haven’t/ We’ve not got They have got They’ve got They haven’t/ They’ve not got a chance 3.2.1.4 Notes on the form of HAVE and HAVE GOT meaning POSSESS HAVE and HAVE GOT (= possess) are often interchangable but there are differences between British and American usage a, HAVE GOT is basically a perfect form Compare the following: a, get (= obtain) b, have got (= possess) A: Go and get the tickets A: Have you got the ticket? What have you got? B: Yes, I’ve got the tickets B: I’ve got the tickets (= I posess them) (= I have obtained them) In British English, HAVE GOT can be used as the perfect form of GET to mean “have obtained” as in “a” above This meaning is emphasized in the American English form “have gotten” which always means “have obtained” However, in British English (more rarely in American English) HAVE GOT can also mean “possess” as in “b” above “I have the tickets” and “I’ve got the tickets” are equivalents Indeed, in spoken , idiomatic British English “I’ve got the tickets” is more common than “I have the tickets” b, In British English, questions and negative with HAVE = POSSESS can be formed in the same way as for BE We say: “Are you ready?” “Have you a pen?” (= Have you got a pen?) “Aren’t you ready?” “Haven’t you a pen?” (= Haven’t you got a pen?) “You aren’t ready.” “You haven’t a pen.” (= You haven’t got a pen.) There is an alternative negative form for HAVE GOT I’ve not got a pen But this is less common than I haven’t got a pen HAVE on its own (without GOT) can also form questions and negatives with do/does/ did This is usual in American English and is becoming more common in British English To the extent that: “I hadn’t a pen.” and “Had you a pen?” are becoming rare Common: You don’t have a pen Do you have a pen? You didn’t have a pen Did you have a pen? c, HAVE (= possess) is a stative verb It can’t be used in the progressive though it can be used in all simple tenses Present : I have a Ford Past : He had a Ford last year Present perfect : She has had this car for five years Past perfect : She told me she had had this car for five years Future : I will have a new car soon Future perfect : By March she will have had her car for five years With modal : I can have a Ford as a company car HAVE (= possess) is not normally used in the passive The imperative (never with GOT) is rare: Have patience! d, HAVE GOT (= possess) is normally used only for present reference: I’ve got a Ford The affirmative “had got” is sometime possible in the past, “had” on its own is generally preferred The bride looked lovely Her dress had (got) beautiful flowers We can never use “had got” for certain states He had ( not “had got”) long hair when he was a teenager “had got” is generally used in its original sense of “had obtained” When I saw him, he had just got a new car “will have got” is only used in the sense of “will have obtained” By May I will have got / will have obtained a new car HAVE GOT in the passive is impossible e, HADN’T GOT is usually possible to DIDN’T HAVE I didn’t have / hadn’t got an appointment so I made one for p.m 10 Has the postman come this morning? b, Past perfect tense Had+ past participle This tense is formed with HAD and the past participle This tense is the past equivalent of the present perfect When I arrived he had just left She had left her case on the 4.00 train I had served in the army for ten years, then I retired and married The past perfect tense is also the past equivalent of the simple past tense He met her in Paris in 1977 He had last seen her ten years before c, Future perfect Shall/ will + have + past participle This tense is formed with: shall/ will have + past participle for the first persons will have + past participle for other persons The future perfect tense is used for an action which at a given future time will be in the past or will just have finished I save $50 a month and I started in January So by the end of the year, I will have saved $600 By the end of next month, he will have been here for ten years We’d better wait till December, David will have had his exam by then so he’ll be able to go with us d, Present perfect continuous tense 22 have / has + been + present participle This tense is formed by the present tense of HAVE + been + present participle It’s ued for an action which began in the past and is still continuing or has just finished I’ve been waiting for an hour and he still hasn’t turned up I’m sorry I’m late Have you been waiting long? I’ve been hearing all about this operation She has been having a tooth out e, Past perfect continuous tense had + been + present participle This tense is formed with HAD + been + present participle It bears the same relation to the past perfect as the present perfect continuous bears to the present perfect He had been trying to get her on the phone The boy was delighted with his new bike He had been dreaming of one for a long time It was now six and he was tired because he had been working since dawn f, Future perfect continuous tense shall / will + have+ been + present participle This tense is formed with: will/shall have been + present participle for the first persons and will have been + present participle for the other persons Like the future perfect, it is normally used with a time expression beginning with BY The future perfect continuous bears the same relationship to the future perfect as the present perfect continuous bears to the present perfect 23 By the end of this year, he’ll have been acting for thirty years By the end of the month, he’ll have trained 600 horses g, HAVE can be used after modal verbs to express perfect conditional * may / might + have + past participle This is used in speculation about past action He may / might have gone (= perhaps he has gone.) might must be used when the main verb is in a past tense He said that he might have missed the trained might not may must be used when the matter was never put to the test Perhaps we should have taken the other road It might have been quick It’s a good thing you didn’t lend him the money You might never have got it back might / may can be used instead of would in conditional sentences to indicate a possible instead of a certain result If you had left it there, someone would have stolen it = If you had left it there, someone might have stolen it * could + have + past participle This can be used instead of may / might + have + past participle He may / might / could have heard it from Jack This form is also used for past ability when the action was not performed I could have lent you the money Why didn’t you ask me? I walked up six flights of stairs ~ You needn’t have walked up, you could have taken the lift When we don’t know whether it was performed or not 24 The money has disappeared Who could have taken it? This form can also express irritation at or reproach for the non-performance of an action You could have told me ( = I’m annoyed that you didn’t tell me.) * can’t / couldn’t + have + past participle This expresses negative deduction about a past event A man answered the phone I suppose it was her husband ~ It can’t / couldn’t have been her husband He’s been dead for ages couldn’t must be used when the deduction is made in the past or introduced by a verb in the past tense She said I couldn’t have come on the Circle Line He said it couldn’t have been an airoplane * ought / should + have + past participle This construction is used to express an unfulfilled obligation or a sensible action that was neglected In the negative, it expresses a wrong or foolish action in the past You ought to have told him that the paint on that seat was wet You should have told him that the paint on that seat was wet They ought to have stopped at the traffic lights She shouldn’t have opened the letter It wasn’t addressed to her The Emergency Exit doors shouldn’t have been locked * must + have + past participle This is used for deduction considering a past action He must have come by taxi ( There was no other way of making this journey.) * needn’t + have + past participle This form is often combined with could + have + past participle She stood in a queue to get an Underground ticket 25 ~ But she needn’t have stood in a queue She could have got a ticket from the machine h, HAVE can be used with past participle after were / was to express an unfulfilled plan which was not carried out (were / was to have + past participle) The Lord Mayor was to have laid the foundation stone but he was taken ill last night, so the Lady Mayoress is doing it instead 3.3.2 HAVE for obligation HAVE TO expresses external obligation Future Affirmative shall/ will have to Negative shan’t/ won’t have to Interrogative shall/ will I/ he have to? Present have/ has to don’t/ doesn’t have to I/ does he have to ? have/ has (got) to haven’t / hasn’t (got)to have I / has he (got)) to? had to didn’t have to did I/ he have to? hadn’t got to had I / he got to? Past 3.3.2.1 Diffence between the started HAVE TO forms HAVE TO (without GOT) and its negative DON’T/ DOESN’T HAVE TO are the correct forms for habitual actions but can be used for single action as well, and are common in American English HAVE (GOT) TO and and HAVEN’T (GOT) TO are for single actions only: Tom: I have to go to work everyday except Sunday But I don’t have to work a full day on Sunday But on Sunday he could say: Tom: I’m glad I haven’t got to work today = I’m glad I don’t have to work today In the past DIDN’T HAVE TO can be used for both habitual and simple actions in the past HADN’T (GOT) TO is used for more single actions DIDN’T HAVE TO is the more generally used form 26 3.3.2.2 HAVE TO in the affirmative HAVE TO in the affirmative expresses external obligation You have to wear uniform on duty, don’t you? You have to train very hard for these big match, I suppose You’ll have to get up early when yo start work, won’t you? HAVE TO is used when we are merely starting or commenting on another person’s obligations In this office even the senior staff have to be at their desk by 9.00 She has to make her children’s clothes She can’t afford to buy them They’ll have to send a diver down to examine the hull HAD TO is used for obligation in the past I ran out of money and had to borow from Tom You had to pay duty on that, I suppose There were no buses, so he had to walk 3.3.2.3 HAVE TO in the negative HAVE TO in the negative expresses absence of obligation Tom doesn’t have to wear uniform at school When I’m an old age pensioner I won’t have to pay any more bus fare Ann hasn’t got to go/ doesn’t have to go to this lecture Attendence is optional In the past HADN’T GOT TO is not normally used for habitual actions DIDN’T HAVE TO is the most usual form I didn’t have to wait long He was only a few minutes late When he was at university, he didn’t have to pay anything for his keep for he stayed with his uncle 3.3.2.4 HAVE TO in the interrogative Shall I have to go? ~ Yes, you will / No, you won’t Have I got to go? ~ Yes, you have / No, you haven’t Does he have to go? ~ Yes, he does / No, he doesn’t 27 Had she got to go? ~ Yes, she had / No, she hadn’t Did you have to go? ~ Yes, I did / No, I didn’t 3.3.3 HAVE / HAD used for deduction This is an American usage which is sometimes heard in Britain HAVE / HAD here is used chiefly with TO BE There’s a tall grey bird fishing in the river ~ It had to be / must be a heron HAD + TO BE can express the speaker’s feeling of certainty in the past There was a knock on the door It had to be Tom ( She was sure that it was Tom.) HAD + TO BE can also be an alternative to MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE I wonder who took the money ~ It had to be Tom / It must have been Tom He’s the only one who was there 3.3.4 HAVE in some structures 3.3.4.1.HAVE + object + past participle a, This construction can be used to express more neatly sentences of the type: I employed someone to something for me Instead of saying: I employed someone to clean my car We can say: I had my car cleaned Note that this order of word HAVE + OBJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE must be observed as otherwise the meaning will be changed He had his hair cut ( = He employed someone to it.) But He had cut his hair ( He had cut it himself some time before the time of speaking.) 28 When HAVE is used in this way, the negative and interrogative of its present and past tenses are formed with DO, DOES, DID Do you have your window cleaned every month? ~ I don’t have them cleaned, I cleaned them myself He was talking about having central heating put in ~ Did he have it put in at last? It can also be used in continuous tenses I can’t ask you to dinner this week as I’m having my house painted at the moment While I was having my hair done, the police towed away my car The house is too small and he is having a room built on GET can be used in the same way as HAVE above but is more colloquial GET is also used when we mention the person who performs the action She got him to dig away the snow HAVE with bare infinitive can be used in the same way She had him dig away the snow But the GET structure is much more usual in British English b, The HAVE + object + past participle construction can also be used coolquially to replace a passive verb, usually one concerning some accident or misfortune His fruit was stolen before he had a chance to pick it Can be replaced by: He had his fruit stolen before he had a chance to pick it Two of his teeth were knocked out in the fight Can be replaced by: He had two of his teeth knocked out in the fight It will be seen that, whereas in a above the subject is the person who orders the thing to be done, here the subject is the person who suffers as a result of the action The subject 29 could be a thing The houses had their roofs ripped off by the gale GET can also replace HAVE here The cat got her tail signed through sitting near the fire ( The cat’s tail was signed through sitting near the fire.) 3.3.4.2 HAVE + object + present participle a, This expression is often used with a period of future time I’ll have you driving in three days ( As a result of my effort, you’ll be driving in three days.) It can also be used in the past or present He had them all dancing ( He taught them all to dance) I have them all talking together ( I persuade them all to talk to each other.) It can be used in the interrogative Will you really have her driving in three days? But is not often used in negative b, This conveys the idea “something will happen/ would happen” If you have all-night parties, you’ll have the neighbor complaining ( The neighbor will complain / will be complaining ) If film stars put their numbers in telephone book, they’d have everyone ringing them up (Everyone would ring / would be ringing them up.) If you don’t put a fence round your garden, you’ll have people Walking in and stealing your fruit ( People will walk in and steal / will be walking in and stealing it ) The construction is used in the interrogative and negative When they move that bus stop, you won’t have people sitting on your steps waiting for the bus anymore 30 This structure is chiefly used for actions which would be displeasing to the subject of HAVE, as in the above example, but it can be used for an action which is not displeasing When he became famous, he had people stopping him in the street and asking for his autograph ( People stopped hin in the street and asked for his autograph.) But “I won’t have + object + present participle” normally means “I won’t / don’t allow this” I won’t have him sitting down to dinner in his overalls I make him change them ( I won’t / don’t allow him to sit down to dinner in his overalls.) This use is restricted to the first person 3.3.4.3 HAD BETTER + bare infinitive HAD here is an unreal past The meaning is present or future I had/ I’d better ring him at once ( This would be a good thing to do/ the best thing to do) The negative is formed with NOT after BETTER You had better not miss the lessons ( I advise you not to miss them.) HAD here is usually contracted after pronouns and in speech is sometimes so unstressed as to be almost inaudible HAD BETTER is not normally used in the ordinary intrrogative, but is sometimes used in the negative interrogative as an advice form Hadn’t you better ask him first? ( Won’t it be a good thing to ask him first?) “ You had better” is a very useful advice form You had better go by taxi ( I advise you to go by taxi.) 31 In direct speech, HAD BETTER with the first or the third person remains unchanged HAD BETTER with the second person can remain unchanged or be reported by “advise + object + infinitive” He said “I’d better hurry.” = He said that he’d better hurry He said “Ann had better hurry.” = He said that Ann had better hurry He said “You’d better hurry.” = He said that I’d better hurry / He advised me to hurry * Here are common mistakes made by pupils: - When HAVE is used as POSSESS wrong: He have got a new car right : He has got a new car wrong : He doesn’t have got a new car right : He doesn’t have a new car wrong : I’ve not a bicycle right : I have not a bicycle wrong : They are having a new house right : They have a new house - When HAVE is used as TAKE, ENJOY, EAT, etc wrong : Has he a walk every morning? right : Does he have a walk every morning? For pupils “I’m having lunch” is often translated into Vietnamse as: “Tơi có bữa trưa.” - When have is used as an auxilary verb wrong : She shoul has watered the flowers right : She should have watered the flowers 32 + in the structure HAD BETTER + bare infinitive wrong : You had better to go by train right : You had better go by train wrong : You don’t have better go by taxi right : You had better not go by taxi + the following forms is sometimes confused He’s ill (= He is ill.) He’s had lunch (= He had had lunch.) He said he’d have lunch now (= He would have lunch now.) CHAPTER VERIFYING THE SOLUTION OF THE STUDYAlthough students got used to using the verb TO HAVE at lower secondary school programs and many students could feel quite familiar with this exercise, the students are very confused when aggregated assignments involving in the knowledge from this verb One of the reason students feel difficul is that they can not be able to systematize knowledge fully I have conducted for the children to a synthesis exercise, and the results of their homework is not good Results verified solutions that are implemented with 100 students at classes of 11B3, 11B5, and 11B6 at Ba Thuoc 3rd upper secondary school in the academic year : 20172018 are following: For the 1st homework results (when students are not full system) Class Number of students Very Moderately Good good 33 Average Weak 11B3 11B5 11B6 42 35 34 0% 0% 0% 10% 4% 3% 48% 40% 40% 42% 58% 57% However, by applying new approach, I acommodated the students with the system which is quite adequate knowledge related to this verb and helped them to understand and differentiate the usage of verbs, and then assigned similar tasks to students , the results received were more positive For the 2nd homework results (after the full system) Class Number of Very Moderately Average Weak students Good good 11B3 42 16% 22% 50% 12% 11B5 35 6% 18% 58% 18% 11B6 34 6% 15% 55% 24% Looking at the results of verification, we can see that after being provided a complete knowledge system of the verb TO HAVE students can more effectively PART III: CONCLUSION In the process of teaching English at the upper secondary school level, I have recognized that a lot of students can not easily understand and remember the knowledge that teachers impart When being asked for their ability to access English at the upper secondary school, even some good English students at lower secondary school have supposed that mastering English knowledge at higher levels becomes more and more difficult Moreover, as the experts say that the language still has the arbitrariness rather than the natural science subjects bacause the rule itself has many exceptions Learning a foreign language is not only merely just on books but it also requires sound environment effectively It is to be communicating with native speakers, or at least students must also regularly use it for daily communication However, it is difficult for teachers as well as pupils to it Therefore, the students feel learning a foreign language is difficult 34 As a teacher of English , I always try to help students systematize a fairly full knowledge so that they can easily remember, understand and review when necessary The verb TO HAVE is a very wide array of knowledge in English, and it is also frequently used In fact, few students can distinguish the usage of this verb Therefore, in this case study, I have tried to systematize a fairly complete its usage (Specifically: The pronunciation of the verb HAVE in different cases; HAVE used as verbs ; HAVE used as auxiliary verbs) After applying this innovations in the teaching, I see the effectiveness of students learning English improved markedly Previously, students only know the common usage of the verb TO HAVE, sometimes confuse how to use this verb in various cases However, they can be able to grasp fully the relative usage, distinguish the difference and the systematize the knowledge to remember logically Of course, knowledge is infinite and language changes over time Therefore, I am looking forward to the leadership equiping us with equipment and materials to help us have better teaching conditions and learning with high effectiveness I also look forward to receiving the contributions from professionals, English teachers for my study to make it better Nông Cống , ngày 26 tháng 05 năm 2018 Người viết Trịnh Ngọc Mạnh REFERENCES: A.J Thomson and A.V Martinet A practical English Grammar, Oxford University Press Chu Xuân Nguyên Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh, World Publishing House, Vietnam 35 Mai Lan Hương, Hà Thanh Uyên Giải thích ngữ pháp, Da Nang Publishing House, Vietnam Michael A Pyle, M.A and Mary Ellen Munoz, M.A Toefl, Education Publishing House, Vietnam Michael Swan Practical English Usage, Oxford University Press Phạm Khuê Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh, Da Nang Publishing House, Vietnam 36 ... not/hasn’t it? We have/ We’ve We have not/ haven’t/ We’ve not have we? have we not/ haven’t we? They have/ They’ve They have not/haven’t/They’ve not have they? have they not/ haven’t they? 20 In past... will have to Negative shan’t/ won’t have to Interrogative shall/ will I/ he have to? Present have/ has to don’t/ doesn’t have to I/ does he have to ? have/ has (got) to haven’t / hasn’t (got )to have. .. always having fights to look = to have a look Just have a look at this to rest = to have a rest I want to have a rest this afternoon to ride = to have a ride Can I have a ride in your car? to