Ved/ 3 = Past participle Be: chia cùng thì với động từ chính V của câu chủ động... Công thức thể bị động của các thì: Teân thì 1.[r]
(1)ÔN TẬP THI HKII – TIẾNG ANH LỚP I The uses of tenses : (cách sử dụng thì) Caâu khaúng ñònh: THÌ CÔNG THỨC Simple Present TRẠNG TỪ -I, We, You, They + Vo -He, She, It + Vs / es ( Be -> Am/ Is/ Are ) -S + Ved / 2 Simple Past Simple Future Present Continuous Past Continuous Present Perfect -I, We + Shall + Vo -S + Will -I + Am -He, She, It + Is + V-ing -We, You, They + Are -I, He, She, It + Was -We, You, They + Were + V-I, We, You, They + Have -He, She, It + Has + Always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, every (day, week, year, …) Yesterday, ago, in (1990), last (night, week, year,…) Tomorrow, next (week, year,…), in(2010), … Now, rightnow, at the moment, while + th/ gian tại, At present, Look !, Listen ! At (10 a.m yesterday), While + th/ gian quá khứ Since, for(+th/ gian), just, yet, already, ever, never, recently,… -S + Had + Ved/ Before, by the time , After, … Ved/3 Past Perfect Caâu phuû ñònh vaø caâu nghi vaán: THÌ Simple Present Simple Past Simple Future Present Cont Past Cont Present Perfect Past Perfect CAÂU PHUÛ ÑÒNH S + Do + Not + Vo + Does S + Did + Not + Vo CAÂU NGHI VAÁN Do + S + Vo … ? Does (V:động từ thường) Did + S + Vo … ? (V:động từ thường) S + Will + Not + Vo Shall S + Am + Not + V-ing Is/ Are S + Was + Not + V-ing Were S + Have + Not + Ved/ Has S + Had + Not + Ved/ Will + Shall Am + Is/ Are Was + Were Have + Has Had + S + Vo … ? S + V-ing … ? S + V-ing ? S + Ved/ … ? S + Ved/ … ? Thì đơn : +Ves động từ tận cùng là S, Sh, Ch, X, O, Z Ex: He watches T.V every night II Passive Voice: (Thể bị động) General Formation :(Công thức tổng quát) Active: Passive: S + V + S + BE + Ved/ By O O + ( Ved/ = Past participle ) ( Be: chia cùng thì với động từ chính V câu chủ động ) (2) Công thức thể bị động các thì: Teân thì Hieän taïi ñôn Passive voice S + Am/ Is/ Are + Ved/ + By O Quá khứ đơn S + Was/ Were + Ved/ + By O Modals ( will/ shall/ can/ may/ must/ would/ should/ could/ might …) Hieän taïi tieáp dieãn S + Will + Be + Ved/ + By O Shall Can … S + Am/ Is/ Are + Being + Ved/ + By O Quá khứ tiếp diễn S + Was/ Were + Being + Ved/ + By O Hiện hoàn thành S + Has/ Have + Been + Ved/ + By O III Comparison: ( So saùnh ) So saùnh baèng: Ex: - He is as tall as his friend - John drives as carefully as Tom AS + adj/ adv + AS So saùnh hôn: Short adj/ adv + -ER + THAN Ex: - He is taller than his friend John drives more carefully than Tom MORE + long adj/ adv So saùnh nhaát: Short adj/ adv + -EST THE + MOST + long adj/ adv Ex : - This is the longest river in the world - Spring is the most beautiful season of the year Short adj/ adv ( Tính từ ngắn/ trạng từ ngắn): đọc có âm tiết (Ex: tall, hot, fast, …) Long adj/ adv ( Tính từ dài/ trạng từ dài ): đọc có từ hai aa6m tiết trở lên (Ex: famous, beautiful, carefully, … ) Moät soá ghi chuù so saùnh hôn vaø so saùnh nhaát: Tính từ ngắn: a Tận cùng là phụ âm, đứng trước nó là nguyên âm (a, e, I, o, u) -> thì ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trước thêm –ER EST Ex: Hot -> Hotter -> The hottest ( Noùng) b Tận cùng là –E thì ta thêm –R –ST Ex: Large -> Larger -> The largest ( Roäng) c Tận cùng là –Y, đứng trước nó là phụ âm thì ta đổi –Y thành –I trước thêm -ER –EST Ex: Dry -> Drier -> The driest ( Khoâ) Tính từ có hai âm tiết: tận cùng là –Y, -LE, -OW, -ER thì dùng tính từ ngắn (tức là thêm –ER hoạc –EST) Ex: Happy -> Happier -> The happiest ( Haïnh phuùc) Simple-> Simpler -> The simplest( Ñôn giaûn) (3) Narrow -> Narrower -> The narrowest ( Heïp) Clever -> Cleverer -> The cleverest ( Kheùo leùo) Moät soá baát qui taéc so saùnh hôn vaø so saùnh nhaát: So saùnh hôn So saùnh nhaát -Good -> Better -> The best ( Toát) Well -Bad -> Worse -> The worst ( Xaáu, teä) -> More -> The most ( Nhieàu) -> -> Less Farther -> Further -> -> Badly -Much Many -Little -Far The least The farthest The furthest ( Ít) ( Xa) * So saùnh hôn -> So saùnh khoâng baèng: S1 + Be + short adj+ -ER + THAN + S2 MORE+ long adj S2 + Be + Not + AS + adj + AS + S1 SO Ex: - A horse is stronger than a dog -> A dog is not as strong as a horse - A car is more expensive than a bicycle -> A bicycle isn’t so expensive as a car - Iron isn’t so precious as gold -> Gold is more precious than iron IV The structure: “ It’s + Adj + To infitive …” ( Thaät laø …) To V … + is + adj V-ing… + is + adj -> It is + adj + to V … Ex:a- To lie on the beach all day is wonderful It is wonderful to lie on the beach b- Speaking English fluently is difficult It’s difficult to speak English fluently c- It’s easy to find the notice board in the hall To find the notice board in the hall is easy V Prepositions: (giới từ) ( at, in, on, of,for, about, by, up, with, without, …) Time (Thời gian) At + In Ex: at o’clock + naêm Ex: in 1985 + thaùng in May (4) + muøa in Summer + thứ tuần On Ex: on Monday on September for years th on April 30th, 1975 Since + thời điểm Ex: since 1990 For + thaùng, ngaøy + thaùng, ngaøy, naêm ( thì hoàn thành) + khoảng thời gian From to Ex: from 1995 to 2000 ( từ đến ) Place (Nôi choán): At + nôi nhoû, heïp Ex: at home, at school In + nơi rộng lớn in HCM city, in England, in the world -In the middle of (ở giữa) In front of (ở trước ) -In the centre of (ở trung tâm) - On the top of ( trên đỉnh) Manner (theå caùch): By + phöông tieän ñi laïi Ex: by car ( plane, train, ship ) By + O ( bởi, passive voice)Ex: America was discovered by Columbus 3.-On foot ( ñi boä) Direction – Motion ( Phương hướng- Chuyển động): In the North ( South, East, West) : phía Bắc ( Nam, Đông, Tây ) On the left ( right ) : bên trái ( phải) -From ( từ) - To ( đến ) -Into ( vaøo trong) Some expressions: -to take part ( in) : tham gia vaøo - to be interested ( in) : thích, quan taâm - to check ( in) : ñaêng kyù - to be fond ( of) : thích - to be proud ( of) : tự hào - to remind ( of) : gợi nhớ - to even ( up) : san baèng ( tæ soá) - to talk ( about) sth : noùi veà - to tell ( about ) sth : keå veà - to look ( at) : nhìn Ngaém - to look ( for) : tìm, kieám - to look ( after) : chaêm soùc - to be good ( at) : gioûi veà - to be bad ( at) : dở - to be afraid ( of) : sợ, e ngại VI Gerund – Infinitive: ( động từ thêm –ING và động từ nguyên mẫu ) Qui tắc chung: thông thường hai động từ cách “ TO” Ex: She wants to see her friend - Advise - Ask (5) - Request + O + to V - Tell - Beg Ex: My mother advises me to get up early Một số ngoại lệ: Những động từ theo sau “gerund”: - Keep - Enjoy - Finish + V-ING - Prefer - Practice - Mind Ex: The children kept talking about the acrobats Những động theo sau “gerund” “ to infinitive”: - Like - Love V-ING - Hate - + Begin - Start Ex: Do you like reading novels ? to V to read Giới từ ( in, at, on,of,…) + V-ING Ex: English people are fond of watching football Theå truyeàn khieán ( causative form): - Have + S.O + V ( active) - Have + S.T + Ved/ ( passive) - Make + O + V Ex:- I have my brother repair my bicycle - They had their suitcases taken upstairs to their rooms - The clown made us laugh a lot Used to vaø be used to: - Used to + V : đã thường (ở quá khứ và không còn nữa) - Be used to + V-ING: quen với Ex: - Mr Brown used to take his children to the zoo - My mother is used to getting up early MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT QUI TẮC THÔNG DỤNG Stt Vo ( Nguyeân maãu ) Be Become Begin Blow Break Bring Build Buy V2 ( Quá khứ ) Was / Were Became Began Blew Broke Brought Built Bought V3 (Quá khứ phân từ) Been Become Begun Blown Broken Brought Built Bought Nghóa Vieät Thì, là, Trở nên Bắt đầu Thoåi Đập, phá Mang đến Xây dựng Mua (6) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 Catch Choose Come Cut Do Draw Drink Drive Eat Fall Feel Find Fly Forget Get Give Go Grow Have Hear Hold Keep Know Learn Leave Make Meet Pay Put Read Ring Run Say See Sell Send Sing Sit Sleep Speak Spend Stand Steal Take Teach Tell Think Understand Win Write Caught Chose Came Cut Did Drew Drank Drove Ate Fell Felt Found Flew Forgot Got Gave Went Grew Had Heard Held Kept Knew Learnt/ learned Left Made Met Paid Put Read Rang Ran Said Saw Sold Sent Sang Sat Slept Spoke Spent Stood Stole Took Taught Told Thought Understood Won Wrote Caught Chosen Come Cut Done Drawn Drunk Driven Eaten Fallen Felt Found Flown Forgotten Got / Gotten Given Gone Grown Had Heard Held Kept Known Learnt/ learned Left Made Met Paid Put Read Rung Run Said Seen Sold Sent Sung Sat Slept Spoken Spent Stood Stolen Taken Taught Told Thought Understood Won Written Baét kòp, ñuoåi theo Chọn lựa Đến Caét, chaët Laøm Veõ tranh Uống (rượu) Laùi xe AÊn Teù, ngaõ, rôi Caûm thaáy Tìm thaáy Bay Queân Có Cho Ñi Troàng, moïc Coù, duøng côm Nghe Cầm, nắm, tổ chức Giữ Bieát Hoïc Rời khỏi, để lại Cheá taïo, laøm Gaëp maët Traû (tieàn) Đặt để Đọc Reo chuoâng Chaïy Noùi Thaáy, xem Baùn Gửi Ca haùt Ngoài Nguû Noùi Traõi qua, tieâu xaøi Đứng Aên caép Caàm, laáy, daãn ñi Daïy hoïc Keå, baûo Suy nghó Hieåu Chieán thaéng Vieát (7) VII So that … SO + adj/ adv + THAT + clause (quá … đến nỗi…) Ex: Lan was very busy She couldn’t go to the movies with us -> Lan was too busy that she couldn’t go to the movies with us VIII Such that SUCH + a(n) + adj + Noun + THAT + clause Ex: a- She is a beautiful girl Everybody admires her -> She is such a beautiful girl that everybody admires her b- It was hot tea I couldn’t drink it -> It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it c- They are interesting books We want to look at them again -> They are such interesting books that we want to look at them again IX Too to Khi cùng chủ ngữ: TOO + adj/ adv + TO Vo Ex: ( quaù khoâng theå ) a- She ran very slowly She couldn’t catch the train -> She ran too slowly to catch the train Khi khác chủ ngữ: TOO + adj/ adv + for O + TO Vo X Ex: The questions are very difficult We can’t answer them -> The questions are too difficult for us to answer Enough to Khi cùng chủ ngữ: Adj/ adv + ENOUGH + To Vo ( đủ để có thể ) Ex: He is strong He can carry this table -> He is strong enough to carry this table 2.Khi khác chủ ngữ: Adj / adv + ENOUGH + for O + To Vo Ex: Those shoes are large You can wear them Those shoes are large enough for you to wear EXERCISE *Rewrite the following sentences as directed in parentheses: The weather was bad I had to stay at home ( so that) New York was a very big city Jane was lost in it (such that) (8) The policeman ran fast He could catch the thief (enough to) The dress is so dirty She can’t wear it ( too to ) The play was interesting It attracted many people (double comparative) The house is large My family can live in it ( enough to) My grandmother is very weak She can’t lift the box (too to ) The lesson is difficult We try hard (double comparative) My neighbours are very bad persons They make noise all day (such that) 10 He spoke very fast I didn’t understand him (so that) CAÙC DAÏNG BAØI TAÄP I II III IV Put the verbs in the correct forms ( tenses): Mr Alan ( work ) for that company since 1990 She ( not take ) _ music lessons last Sunday The thief ( go ) away before the police came I ( receive ) _ your letter about two weeks ago My mother always ( get ) _ up early When we came, they ( build ) a new library What you ( do) _ now ? It’s raining heavily I wish it ( stop) _ raining If you go to the party, I ( come) _ with you 10 Most children enjoy ( read ) _ picture- books Turn these sentences into Passive Voice: She can speak English Taxis and buses are taking tourists around the city _ Did he translate this novel into Vietnamese last year ? He hasn’t finished his homework yet Mr Brown doesn’t take his children to the circus today _ When did Columbus discover America ? _ Someone has just carried the Olympic torch to the stadium The interviewer will ask you a lot of questions They were cutting grass when the car stopped near the gate 10 I meet John at the bus-stop every morning Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition: English people are fond _ football Are you interested _ picture- books ? She often stays home Sundays Don’t tell your sister _ that news The pupils often go _ school _ bicycles The first May Day meeting was held _ 1890 Are you afraid _ swimming in the sea ? My brother is good English My uncle lives _ Ho chi minh city 10 The boy was born a very rich family Give the correct form of the adjectives or adverbs in brackets: He is ( young ) than I am She is ( old ) _ as my sister Mary is the ( beautiful ) _ girl in her class Which is ( big ) _, France or Thailand ? (9) Maths is ( difficult ) than History A Ford isn’t ( comfortable ) _ as a Mercedes This is the ( powerful) _ machine in the whole factory Your watch is ( good ) than mine She walks ( slowly ) as Betty 10 Nobody is ( happy ) than Jane V Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one : Mary hasn’t returned my book yet My book ……………………………………………… Her house is bigger than mine My house …………………………………………… To find a job at my age is difficult It’s ………………………………………………………… Mai is younger than Lan Lan ………………………………………………………… My parents sent me to school when I was six years old I ………………………………………………………………………………………… To get acquainted with the regulation in a new school is easy It’s ………………………………………………………………………………… A bicycle isn’t so expensive as a motorbike A motorbike ……………………………………………………………… The principle doesn’t write this letter This letter ………………………………………………… Smoking a lot is harmful It’s ………………………………………… 10 Mary is making a birthday cake in the kitchen A birthday cake ………………………………………………………… VI Read the following passage and then answer the question below : Nowadays every high-school in Ho Chi Minh city has its own library Nam’s school library is not as big as other public libraries but it is well-equipped with a variety of books On open shelves we can find such kinds of books as fiction, non-fiction, textbooks, newspapers and magazines On Saturday mornings and during the break Nam and his friends often go to the library to read books and newspapers Miss Lan, the librarian, is always at her desk to show them how to use the library cards when they want to borrow some reference books from the library The school library helps Nam and his friends a lot in their study * Questions: Is Nam’s school library smaller or bigger than other public libraries ? 2 When Nam and his friends often go to the library ? Is the school library helpful ? PUT THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT TENSES The weather ( be )…………………… very bad yesterday My mother always ( get ) …………………… up early Tom ( see ) ……………………his classmates at the party tomorrow He ( give ) ……………………me the letter a few minutes ago They ( make ) …………………… a lot of furniture next month Peter and Alice ( learn ) …………………… French for two years You ( finish ) your …………………… homework yet Please don’t say anything while I ( learn ) …………………… my lesson Tomorrow I ( put ) …………………… our presents on that table 10 My friend ( never see ) …………………… that sight 11 My uncle ( live ) ……………………in HCM city since last year 12 He always ( stay ) …………………… in bed late on Sunday morning 13 Peter and Daisy ( be ) …………………… born in 1978 14 My sister always ( wash ) …………………… her hands before meals 15 Look! The dog ( run ) ……………………after him (10) 16 Smith and Bobby ( read ) …………………… books at this moment 17 Tom ( repair ) …………………… his bicycle last Friday 18 Mary and I ( not watch ) …………………… TV last night 19 I ( just buy ) ……………………a new shirt 20 My brother came in while Tom and I ( play ) …………………… chess 21 Mr Pike ( work ) ……………………in this factory for ten years 22 Vietnam, Thailand and Malaysia ( be ) …………………… tropical countries 23 HCM city ( be ) ……………………the largest city in Vietnam 24 Where you ( go ) …………………… last night ? - I ( go ) …………………… to the cinema 25 What you ( ) …………………… every morning ? 26 You ever (be ) ……………………to Russia ? 27 We ( not meet ) …………………… him two days ago 28 Uncle Ho ( die ) …………………… in 1969 29 Mr Johnson ( stay ) …………………… in London now 30 How she ( go ) ……………………to school every day ? - She ( go ) …………………… to school by bicycle (11)