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Tilu ban: C N G NGHE SINH HOC Bi£N VA MOI TRLffirNG 501_ SO SANH HIEU QUA HAP THU CAC YEU TO DINH D U ' O N G CUA RONG SVN {Kapaphycus alvarezii Doty) VA RONG G U Q T CHUM (Caulerpa racemosa C Ag.) TRONG VUNG NUOI HAI SAN T A P TRUNG TAI CAT BA Dam Dure Tien, Pham Van Lugng Vi^n Tdi nguyen vd Moi truang bien, Vien Khoa hpc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam I MO DAU Rong Gugt (Caulerpa microphysa (Forsk.) C Ag.) va rong Syn (Kapaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty) li nhirng loai thyc vat bac thap s6ng m6i trudng nude bien Cung nhu tat ci eac loai thyc vat khic, thdng qua qui trinh quang hgp, CO2 va cic chat dinh dudng nude bien dugc rong Syn vi rong Gugt hip thy de t6ng hgp cic hgp chat hiru co Trudc kia, phan Idn vimg bien thugc quan dao Cat Bi deu cd rong bien phan b6 (trong d6 c6 rong Gugt) vdi difn tich rgng, sinh kh6i Idn Con rong Syn la loii dugc di nhap tir cic tinh mien Trung va frong thu ngh if m tai mgt s6 vimg bien thugc quan dio Cit Ba Hifn tai, phan Idn difn tich vimg bien Cat Ba hau nhu kh6ng rong bien Vifc su dyng rong Syn va rong Gugt de hap thu cic chat dinh dudngfrongm6i trudng nu6i hai sin tap trung da cd mgt s6 tie gii quan tam den [2,3,4] nhung day li nghien cuu dau tien tai viing bien Cit Ba, gop phan lam sach m6i trudng nude bien va din lay lai sy can bang cho thuy vyc Bai bio gidi thifu nang va hifu qui hap thu cic yeu to dinh dudng ciia rong Syn (Kapaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty) va rong Gugt (Caulerpa racemosa (Forsk.) C Ag.) tai vimg nu6i hii sin tap trung thugc viing bien Cit Ba II TAI LIEU VA PinrONG PHAP Tai lieu Tii lifu dugc sir dyng bai bio li ket qui nghien ciru thyc nghifm cua Dy in: "Thyc nghifm xir ly nude thai bang thyc vat thiiy sinh" ciia Lien hifp cic Hgi Khoa hgc vi Ky thuat Vift Nam t^i khu vyc Vyng Tai Keo, thugc quin dio Cit Ba, Hii Phong (So d6 Hinh 1) Phuong phap Vifc nghien cim dya fren phuong phip dinh gii djnh lugng kha nang hap thu cic hgp dinh dudng frong nude biln d vimg nudi bii san tap trung Cic 16 thi nghifm vi 16 d6i chimg dugc tiiyc hifn frong cimg dieu kifn d ngoai hifn trudng L6 thi nghifm va 16 doi chiing dugc bo tri frong cic be kinh (dai 1,2m, rgng 0,5m vi sau 0,8m), chira 400 lit nude bien ty nhien, lay tai noi thi nghifm Mat rong frong cic 16 thi nghifm la khoing 3,5kg rong tuoi/m^ Ngu6n rong dimg cho thi nghifm dugc layfrongcic ang d gan cic be nu6i hii sin va nu6ifrongcic long thi nghif rti Cic thi nghiem dugc tien hinh vao cic thing 8, 10 (thdi ky viing nudi thudng cd djch bfnh) va thing 12 (bit diu vao miia d6ng, rong Gugt thudng phat frien kem), nam 2007 502 Tuyen t|p HQi nghj KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C V £ SINH HQC BifeN vA P H A T T R I ^ N BfeN VCTNG Cic mau nude dugc thu tai noi dat thi nghifm, phan tich tai Phong thi nghifm ciia Vifn Tai nguyen va M6i trudng biln theo Standard Methods.^ [5] Cic 16 thi nghifm ky hifu la T va cic 16 doi chiing ky hifu li D Vifc dac va liy mau de xic djnh mgt so th6ng s6 chit lugng nude dugc thyc hifn vao cic khoing thdi gian gid, gid, 12 gid, 18 gid, vi 24 gid, tinh tii bit dau thi nghifm Cic tieu chuin so sinh dya theo cic tieu chuan ciia Vift Nam va the gidi [1,6,7,8,9,10] HiNH f>|A BtiU THMC N C H ^ •i^^M^^ir^ii^Z'jM Sv dd dja diem nghien ciru m KET QUA NGHIEN c u t r Su bien doi nong mot so yeu to dinh dudng Mau nude dugc thu tai tai hifn trudng frong dieu kifn nhu (cho ci 16 thi nghifm vai rong Sun va rong Gugt) Nong cac chat dinh dudng cic thi nghiem vdi rong Sun va rong Gugt sau timg gid thi nghifm (dai nhat la sau 24 gid) cd the thay dugc qua bing 503 Tieu ban: CONG NGHE SINH HOC B | £ N V A MOI TRLPONG Bang K§t qua phan tich mgt sd chat dinh dipdng thang (a), thing 10 (b) va thang 12 (c) Ky hifu mlu NOa' -N NOz" -N NH/-N P04^-P To 192 17 /199 46 1b To 108 17 96 44 1c To Ti 140 22 147 48 172/172 13/14 126166 35/40 Bl 200/200 18/18 197/197 48/48 Tl 83/76 107/97 13/15 62/56 32/35 17/16 95/94 46/46 Ti Oi 139/132 20/18 144/135 46/44 129/129 22/22 162/162 49/49 T2 160/155 12/12 98/153 28/30 fi2 184/164 17/19 190/190 42/42 TT 1a T h d i gian Bat dSu thi n g h i f m 2a Sau g i d 2b Bi 2c 3a Sau 12 g i d 3b 3c 4a Sau 18 g i d 4b 4c 5a Sau 24 g i d 5b 5c N6ng dg cac chSt dinh d u d n g ()ig/l) T2 70/63 9/11 31/45 27/29 D2 101/91 16/16 97/97 46/46 43/41 T2 135/120 16/17 141/132 D2 115/115 19/24 128/128 3939 T3 167/139 11,9/9,0 121/150 31/25 03 161/140 10,7/21 187/179 T3 59/61 8,5/10 30/34 30/39 26/24 D3 101/90 16/16 97/96 46/44 T3 100/108 13/16 90/93 31/36 D3 129/129 24/24 169/169 45/45 22/18 T4 158/123 10/7,5 100/141 D4 190/137 16,21 190/176 39/38 T4 68/52 9/9,5 29/29 26/21 04 99/89 45/41 98/98 122/122 16/16 15/15 95/93 T4 70/77 24/24 26/26 154/154 42/42 ©4 - Ghi chii: a- thing 8; b- thing 10 va c- thing 12 Tu s6: rong Syn va mau s6: rong Gugt Hieu qua hap thu ciia rong Sun va rong Guot Tir kit qui tai bang 1, chiing ta tinh dugc hifu qua hap thu cic chat dinh dudng cua rong Syn vi rong Gugt sau thdi gian gid/ lan va 24 gid (bing 2) Bang Hl$u qud h i p thu cac chit dinh du'd'ng ciia rong Si^n va rong Gugt Thing H i f u s u i t h i p phy (%) sau 24 g i d (^g/l) NO3-N N02" -N NH/-N Th^ng 17,7/35,8 41,1/55,8 49,7/29,1 P04'"-P 52,2/60,7 Th^ng 10 37,0/51,8 50/44,1 69,7/69,8 40,9/52,2 Thang 12 30,0/30,0 31,8/31,8 52,3/47,5 50,0/50,0 Tnjng binh 28,2/39,2 40,9/43,9 57,2/48,8 47,7/54,3 Ghi chii: a- thing 8; b- thing 10 va c- thing 12 Tir s6: rong Syn va mau so: rong Gugt 504 Tuyln tip H$i nghj KHOA HQC T O A N Q U Q C V t SINH HQC BI^N VA PHAT T R | £ N B £ N VCTNG Ket qui tai bang cho thay, doi vdi rong Sun, nong NO3' giim tir 17,7% (thing 8) den 50,0% (tiling 10), frung binh la 28,2% Tuong ty, NOj' li 31,8% (thing 12) den 50,0% (tiling 10), trung binh 40,9%; vdi NR,"" li 49,71% (thing 8) din 69,7% (thing 10), tinng binh: 57,2%; vdi P04^" li 40,9% (thing 10) den 52,2% (tiling 8), tiling binh 47,7%) Doi vdi rong Gugt, kit quiNOs' giim tir 30% (thing 12) din 51,8% (thing 10), trung binh la 39,2% Tuong ty, N02' la 31,8% (thing 12) din 55,8% (thing 8), frung binh 43,9%; vdi NH,"^ la 29,1% (thing 8) din 69,8% (thing 10), frung binh: 48,8%; vi P04^" la 50% (thing 12) din 60,7% (thing 8), frung binh 54,3%) Tir cic ket qui fren, chiing ta cd the so sinh hifu qui hap thu cac chat dinh dudng cua hai loai rong nhu sau: - Gii trj hip thu trung binh (sau 24 gid thi nghifm) cic yeu td dinh dudng frong ci ba dgt thi nghifm dao dgng khoing 33,7mg vdi (NO3" -N) den 53mg vdi (NH4'^ -N) vi trung binh dat 44,4mg (hinh a) 70 a Rong Sun • Rong GuOt n Trung binh NO3" -N NOz- -N NH/ -N POr - - P (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) Hinh l a Gia trj h i p thu trung binh cac c h i t dinh du'ang sau 24 gid thi nghifm - Tdng gii frj hap thy tit ci cic chat dinh dudng (sau 24 gid) eua hai loii dao dgng khoing 40,4 mg (thing 12) den 44,9 mg(thing 10 vi trung binh dat 42,7 mg (hinh 2a) 60 50 40 a ThSng 30 • Thdng 10 OThSng 12 20 10 Rong Syn Rong Gupt Trung binh Hinh 2a Gia trj h i p thy cac chit dinh du-dng chung cua hai loai rong tai cac thang khac 505 Tieu ban: C N G NGHE SINH HOC BI^N VA M | TRtrC/NG So sanh hieu qua hap thu cac chat ding dudng ciia rong Siin vk rong Guot Hifu qui hap thu frung binh cic chat dinh dudng ciia rong Syn la 38.9mg/ dem (45,3%) thip hon rong Gugt 46,7mg/ngay den (54,1%) (hinh 3a) 60 50 40 • Rong Syn B Rong Gupt 30 20 10 Thang Thang 10 Thang 12 Trung binh Hinh 3a Hieu qua h i p thu cac chit dinh du'd'ng trung binh cua hai loai rong TV KET LUAN Kha nang hap thu trung binh cua rong Syn vdi timg chat dinh dudng sau 24 gid la: NO3": 28,2%; NO2": 40,9%; NH4^; 57,2% va P04^": 47,7% Tuong ty, vdi rong Gugt la: NO3": 39,2%; NO2": 43,9%; NH4^ 48,8% vi P04^': 54,3% Gii frj hap thu trung binh frong ci ba dgt thi nghifm dao dgng frong khoing 33,7mg/ ngiy dem CNO3" -N) den 53mg/ ngiy dem (NH4'" -N) va trung binh dat 44,4mg/ ngiy dem T6ng gii frj hip thy (sau 24 gid) eiia ca hai loii dao dgng frong khoing 40,4mg (thing 12) den 44,9mg (thing 10) va trung binh dat 42,7mg Gii frj hap thu trung binh cic chit dinh dudng cua rong Syn la 43,5mg/ ngiy dem (48,2%) thip hon rong Gugt 46,5mg/ngiy den (51,8%) V TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bg Khoa hge Cdng nghf va M6i trudng, 1995 Cic tieu chuin Nhi nude Vift Nam vl Mdi trudng Tap I: Chit lugng nude Nxb Khoa hgc va Ky thuat Ha Ngi Pham Van Huyen, 2004 Ket qui nghien cuu sir dyng rong syn dl xii ly d nhiem uru dudng frong ao nu6i t6m Bdo cao tai Dien dan KHCN - SUMA, Bp Thuy san Pham Van Lugng, Dio Viet Tic, Dam Dure Tiln, 2007 Khi nang lim sach nude biln cua rong Syn (Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty) Hgi nghi Khoa hgc Cdng nghf M6i trudng lin thii nhat Dai hgc Hing hai Vift Nam Phan Trung Quy, Ngd Kim Djnh, 2007 C6ng nghf xir ly nude d nhiem nu6i fr6ng thuy sin bang rong Syn (Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty) Hgi nghj Khoa hgc Cong nghf M6i trudng Ian thii nhit Dai hgc Hang hii Vift Nam Andrew D Eaton, LenoseS Clesceri, Arnold E Greenberg, 1995 Standard Methos for the Examination of water and waste water (19 th Edition) American Public Healtii Association, Washington DC APHA - AWWA - WPCF, 2005 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and 506 Tuyln t|ip HQi nghj KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C V £ SINH HQC BifeN VA P H A T TRifeN B £ N VCTNG Westewater, 19* ed, 1995 Washington ASEAN - Canada Cooperative Programme on Marine Science, 1996 ASEAN Marine Environmental Management: Quality Criteria and Monitoring for Aquatic Life and Human Health Protection Penang, Malaysia, June 24 - 28, 1996 ASEAN - Canada Cooperative Programme on Marine science, 1997 ASEAN Marine Invironmental Management (Quality Criteria and Monitoring for Aquatic Life and Human Helth Protection) EVS Invironment Consultants Ltd., North Vancouver and Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 1997 ASEAN - Canada Cooperative Programme on Marine Science (ACCPMS-II), 1998 Technical Session I: Environmental Criteria - Development and Application Proceeding of the Fourth ASEAN - Canada Technical Conference on Marine Science, Langkawi, Malaysia, October 26 - 30, 1998: Toward Sustainable Development Integrated Management of the Marine Environment in ASEAN 10 ASEAN - Canada Cooperative Programme on Marine science, 1997 ASEAN Marine Invfronmental Management (Quality Criteria and Monitoring for Aquatic Life and Human Helth Protection) EVS Invironment Consultants Ltd., North Vancouver and Department of Fisheries Malaysia , •" THE COMPARE ON THE EFFECT OF THE ABSORPTION NUTRITION ELEMENTS AT THE CONCENTRALED SEAFOOD AREAS OF of Kapaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty AND Cdulerpa racemosa (Forsk.) C Ag AT THE CAT BA ISLANDS Dam Due Tien, Pham Van Luong SUMMARY Kapaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty AND Caulerpa racemosa (Forsk.) C Ag are classified as the lower plan on marine water It holds similar characteristics with other plant through the photosynthetic procedure to absorb the water, CO2 and nutrient and produce organic matters Besides, Kapaphycus alvarezii and Caulerpa racemosa species can absorbs nutrition elements, maintains the marine water environment become cleaner The study on using some marine algae species in Cat Ba marine areas for absorption of the nitrition elements in marine water at the cultivation sites of the concenfrated mariculture areas that hope to contribute for improvement of the marine water environment approatching sustainable farming and enhancement of the local livelihoods The results came out from experiment in 2007 showed that, the nutritional absorption efficiency of Kapaphycus alvarezii for each nutrition elements (after twenty fours hours) can be resumed as following: NO3 ": 28.2%; NOz': 40.9%; NEL,^: 57.2% and P04^': 47.7% For Caulerpa racemosa: NO3": 39.2%; NOj': 43.9%; NH4^: 48.8 % and P04^": 54.3% The average value of the absorption for total nutrition elements on three tests are changing from 33.7mg (NO3" -N) to 53.0mg (NH4"' -N) and average value is 44.4mg (after twenty fours hours) The total of the absorption efficiency for nutrition elements (after twenty fours hours) is changing 40.4mg (December) to 44.9mg (October) and average value is 42.7mg The average absorption efficiency for nutrition elements after twenty fours hours of Kapaphycus alvarezii is 43.5mg (48.2%.), lower value than Caulerpa racemosa: 46.5mg (51.8%)) ... mot so yeu to dinh dudng Mau nude dugc thu tai tai hifn trudng frong dieu kifn nhu (cho ci 16 thi nghifm vai rong Sun va rong Gugt) Nong cac chat dinh dudng cic thi nghiem vdi rong Sun va rong. .. 12 Tu s6: rong Syn va mau s6: rong Gugt Hieu qua hap thu ciia rong Sun va rong Guot Tir kit qui tai bang 1, chiing ta tinh dugc hifu qua hap thu cic chat dinh dudng cua rong Syn vi rong Gugt... ciia rong Siin vk rong Guot Hifu qui hap thu frung binh cic chat dinh dudng ciia rong Syn la 38.9mg/ dem (45,3%) thip hon rong Gugt 46,7mg/ngay den (54,1%) (hinh 3a) 60 50 40 • Rong Syn B Rong