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S6 10 (240)-2015 NG6N NGC & Bin S6NG 147 INGQN N G C H Q C - V I E T N G C HQC-NGOAI N G O ] NHfNG CON DlTdNG HINH THANH THUAT N G f KHOA HQC HINH SV TIENG ANH * METHODS FOR FORMING VIETNAMESE CRIMINAL SCIENCE TERMS NGUYEN QUANG HUNG ( T h S - N C S ; D^i hQC Sir p h m H d N^i) Abstract; This article focuses on tfae methods of term formation, particularly applying to the Vietnamese criminal science ones The analysis of 1360 Vietnamese criminal science terms has offered four methods for forming these terms, namely: terminologization of common words; borrowing foreign terms; using acronyms; coding the word Key words: Vietnamese criminal science terms; term formation methods; terminologization; borrowing; acronyms; coding Tlieo Sager [11, 71] cd ba pfauong fliftc chuyin di ngtt ngfaTa cfla tii dl tgo tfau§t ngtt tgo fliu^it ngft mdi tixing tilng Anfa: 1/ Sft Phdp chuyin di ndy cd till kfadng din din dyng cfic tfaugt ngtt faifn cd ngdn ngft cfauyln nghTa ho$c din din chuyin ngfaTa Vdi cfaui^ 2/ Tgo thu$t ngtt mdi dya tren nguon tnidng hpp di chuyin khdng din din chuyin tfiu$t ngttfaifncd bing cdc phucrng thuc phy gia, ngfaTa, tft thdng tfaudng dupc tiiu fa^ vl pfagm vi ghdp, cfauyln tft logi vd viet tdt; 3/ Tgo tfau$t faogt dpngfaaydupc cfauyln di pfagm vi ftng dyng ngQ mdi cfao ngdn ngtt cfauydn ngfinh dya t r ^ tft Hhh vyc ndy sang ITnh vyc kfafic v6i nfattng cfic kfafii nifm mdi.Hodng vfin Hdnh cfao rfing: cdch nhln tft nhihig gde dd kfadc nhau" Kfai bfin "Nhin mft cdcfa tdng quit, cd the thiy, tfaugt ngtt ve sy biln ddi y ngfaTa ci^ tft, Ld Quang Tliidm tixmg tilng Vift, cung nhu cdc ngdn ngft cho ring: 'Trong qud trinh biln doi, pfadt trien dfi pfadt trien kfadc hlnh tfadnfa nfad ba dudng nglua cfta tft nfaieu ngfaTa, y ngfaTa tfaugt ngft vin CO bfin Id: Tfaugt ngft hda tft ngft thdng cdn nim lgi faf flidng y ngfaTa cua tft xuit fliudng; Ciu tgo nhQng tfaugt n ^ tuong ftng pfafit cfla npdn ngft cfaung Y ngfaTa tiiugt ngft ndy vdi tfaugt ngQ nude ngofii bdng phuong tfaftc vln cdn gfin liln vdi mpt ^ n^Ta nfio dd cfla tft phdng; Mupn nguydn tfaugt ngtt nude ngodi, ngQ thdng tfaudng Qui tiinh phdt triln cdc ^ tfiudng Id nhQng tfaugt ngQ cd tfnh qudc te Tft ba ngfaTa cfla tft nfailu ngfaTa tfaeo faudng tft ngfaia dudng ndy dd tgo ndn ba Idp thugt ngtt vdi tiidng tfaudng den ngfaTa tfaugt ngft cfafnfa Id qui nhfbig d ^ bung kfadc nfaau cd vefalnfaflidivd trinfa bien doi ngfaTa tft vyng cfla tft tfadng thuemg ngtt nghta vdn tfaugt ngQ cfla tilng Vift: tfaeo hudng tft ngfaTa bilu tiij (detonational Ldp tfaugt ngtt thuan vift; Ldp tiiugt ngtt meaning) thudc ting nghTa tfayc tiln (practical phdng; Ldp fliu^t ngQ phidn dm." [3,26] sti'atum) chuyin thfinh ngfaTa bilu nifm kfafii Qua nghien cftu 1360 thugt ngft khoa hpc nifm kfaoa hpc (scientific concept) thupe ting hinfa sy tilng Vift chung tdi thiy hf thu|t ngQ n^ua tri tuf (intellectual stratiim) [7, 1-10] Co sd dl chuyen di tft ngfaTa thdng thudng sang nfiy dupcfalnfathdnh theo cdc phuong tfaftc sau: ngfaTa tfau$t ngft cfafnfa Id dya tidn mdi quan hf Thu-nhit, thu^t ngtt hda t u thdng thudng Theo Hfi Quang Ndng, tiiu|lt ngtt hda tilr tuong ddng ho$c tiiong cgn vl cic thudc tinfa cda tiidng thudng Id "m§t bilu hifn (vd ngtt fim) cfta sy v$t hay qui trinh dupc phfin finfa kfadi tft vd c ^ bieu vgt gift nguydn khdng thay ddi, nifm cicti)rngQ bilu tfaj theo phuang tfaftc in cdn y nghTa flil fliay ddi [4, 9] Hofing Vfin Hfinfa dy hda vd hoin dy hda Khi sy chuyin di nghia [3, 26-28] cho ifing "tiiu|t ngft hda til tfa&ig dya vdo mdi quan hf tuong ddng sd tgo n^fta tfaudng thyc chit Ifi dudng dftng pfadp tiiugt ngQ Mnfa tfadnh tiieo phdp in dy hda Vf dy: 148 NG6NNGU'&B6I S6NG N^ua cua cdnh ticm^ cdnh qudn, cdnh td cua ^ n g t r o n g / d r ^ r / n O ^ ' - C ^ kfai cd sy diuyln di n^ua dya vao mdi quan bf tuong cgn sd tgo n^ua tfaugt ngftfalnfathdnh tfaeo i ^ i ^ hoin dtf fada Vi dy: n^im ciia ddu ngudi binh quan thu nh|p tfaeo ddu ngiedi, Kh qua kfafio sit thugt ngtt cfao tfaay hf thraig thugt ngtt kfaoa hpc hinfa sy ti^ig V i ^ cd 214 tfaugt ngQ dupc tgo tfaeo ba hinh thdi ndy, diilm 15,7 % tong sd tfaugt ngQ dupc kfafio sat Tuong ung vdi ba Iiinfa tfafii chuyen di n g ^ tr£n, dd hmfa tfadnfa ba logi tfau^ ngQ kfaoa fapc hlnh sy dupc tfaugt ngtt hda dudi day: a Thugt ngft fada tft tfadng tiiudng theo cddi gift nguyen hlnh thai vd ngft n ^ m cfla tft ngtt thdng tfaudng nfaung tfau faep i^igm vi hogt d ^ g ciia chung Hinh tiiii duiyen di kbdng din den diuyln n^iia thuong g ^ d nhifaig tft tiiupc vdn tft CO bfin d hlnh thdi nay, ranh gjdi giiia ngliia tfa&ig tfaudng vfi nghia tiiugt ngft triing dfiy dll Ifi sy chuyen di phgm vi img dyng ciia mdt n^ua cfta cac tft thraig tfaudng sang lihh vyc diuyen mdn Cfic thugt ngtt dupc hmfa thfinfa tfaeo cficfa tiiiic nfiy Id: cum, cdng cudp, bdt ngudi v.v b.Thugt ngftfadatft thdng thuemg tiieo hudng tiiu h ^ nghia Dd Id cic thugt ngft nhir chung at hi$n trudng ldi, vgtehung dduvit, dn^ Cac thugt ngtt khoa hpc hinfa sy Ideu ndy la nhihig tft ngft tfiraig tiiudng trcmg ngdn ngft tofin dan dupc tiiu|t ngft fada bfing cddi biln ddi flieo kilu tfau h ^ y nghia dl tgo fliu$t ngtt kfaoa hpc hmfa sy Nhihig tfaugt ngft ndy tfaudng bieu dgt cdc sy v§t, h i ^ tupng cy the, khdng mang tinh chit fabtfi tupng va gid tii gpi cam Vi dy: CMng cit vdi n ^ i ^ thdng thudng Id "cdi dupc dan dl Idm cfin cu xde djnh dini g^ dd Id cd thgT 16, 249] Chur^ cit vdi ngfaia thugt ngft dupc djnfa n^Oa Id: nhQng sy vifc, sg k i ^ tM lifu cd tii^t, dupc tiiu thgp tiieo trinh ty, thft tyc Bp lugt To tyng hinh sy quy ^nh md ca quan dieu tra, vifn kion sat, tda fin diing Ifim cfin eft de xfic djnh cd hay khdng cdfafinfavi phgm tpi, ngudi tfayc hifn hfinh vi phgm tpi cung nfau cfic tinh tilt khdc cin thi^ cbo vifc gjai quyet dung dfin vy an" [12, 243]; Hi?n trudng vdi n^ua S6l0(240>-201i tiidng tiiudng Ifi "noi xdy sy vifc hay faogt dpng ndo dd" [6, 546] Hi4n trudng ttong khoa hpc hhih sy dupc hilu Id "noi xdy ra, noiphit hifn sy vifc mang tinfa Wnh sy" [10,25]; Ldi vdi n ^ tiidng fliudng dupc failu la "dieu sai xdt, kfamig nai k h ^ g [Aai cich cu xft, tixmg hfinh ddng [6, 719] Ldi ttong khoa hpc htoh sy (bipc hini Id "diu h^u thudc mdt chft quan ciia tpi ph^m i^idn inh difl till dd lya chpn tfayc hifn hfinh vi nguy hiem dio xd hpi M$t dieu dfing chu y Id, cdc tft thdng tfiudng ndi trrai trd thfinh thu$t ngft, Ididng dil d6ng vai trd Id cdc tfau$t ngQ Idioafapcfalnfasy dpc 1^ md diung cdn tfaam pR vdo cau tgo c ^ 1hu|t n ^ khoa hpc hlnh sy vdi tu cich Ifi ylu td ciu tgo tnmg trudng hpp thu$t ngtt Id tft g ^ ho§c cym tft ChhUi sy tham gja cfta chftng vdi tu cdch Id ylu td ciu tgo dd gdp pbka tgo hfing logt cfic fliu^ ngtt mdi Vf dy: Chung cir dd fliam gja vk) cau tgo nen cfic tfau$t ngtt nhu chiing cd bupc tpi, chiing ctt di^n tit, chung cit ^ tpi, chung at gde, ehdng at ngogi phgm, chting ed trgc tiip.chung cugfdn tiep, ehiing eugid; Hi$n fruDT^ tfaam gia ciu tgo nen cic thugt ngtt: A/^ truang chinh, hign truang gid, hi$n trudr^ph^i, hi4n truang chgy, }n$n trudng nd, hi4n trudng hiep dSm, hi$n truang sg cd ky thu^t, hi?n truong tai ngn giao thdng, lugn truoTtg trdm c^P £01 sdn.v.v Ldi tham gja ciu tgo osn cdc tiiugt ngft ldi dy, Idi vo y, loi suy dodn c Thugt ngtt h