câu hỏi thảo luận câu hỏi thảo luận khi nµo th× ®c cho r»ng häc sinh cña m×nh ® ph¸t ©m ®óng ®îc mét tõ §ó ®¸nh träng ©m cña tõ ®c thêng dùa vµo nh÷ng c¸ch nµo t¹i sao cçn ph¶i ®¸nh träng ©m

 Words have prefix or suffix, stress stays the Words have prefix or suffix, stress stays the same as in the original word.. same as in the original word.[r]

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Câu hỏi thảo luận

• Khi đ/c cho học sinh Khi đ/c cho học sinh phát âm đ ợc từ

phát âm đ ợc từ ??

• Để đánh trọng âm từ, đ/c th ờng dựa vào Để đánh trọng âm từ, đ/c th ờng dựa vào nhng cỏch no ?

những cách ?

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Syllables

 A syllable is a group of one or more sounds The A syllable is a group of one or more sounds The essential part of a syllable is a vowel sound ( V ) It

essential part of a syllable is a vowel sound ( V ) It

can have consonant sounds ( C ) before the V, after

the V or before and after the V

Eg: - Eye: V

- Owe: V- Owe: V

- Go: CV- Go: CV

- If : VC- If : VC

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Syllables

 Letters are not the same as sounds.Letters are not the same as sounds

Eg: Consonant letters: W, Y are not consonant

sounds if they come after the vowel sound in

the syllable: Saw, say, how, low, pay, why…

 Here we use the word “ syllable” to talk about Here we use the word “ syllable” to talk about

the pronunciation of words, not the writing

Eg: Chocolate

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Introducing syllables

 Ex1:Ex1:

 1 bought CVC1 bought CVC  2 eyes2 eyes VCVC  3 key3 key CVCV  4 day4 day CVCV  5 through5 through CCVCCV

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Ex2: How many syllables?

 1 secretary1 secretary 0oo0oo  3 restaurant3 restaurant 0o0o  5 different5 different 0o0o  7 lovely7 lovely 0o0o  9 Thursday9 Thursday 0o0o

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Word stress

 To give stress to one of the syllables, To give stress to one of the syllables, one or more of these:

one or more of these:

- Make it Make it longer.longer. - Make it Make it louder.louder. - Make it Make it higher.higher.

Eg:

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Word stress



Different words have different stress

patterns:

0o: April , thirty , morning.

o0: July, midday, thirteen.

0oo: Saturday, yesterday.

o0o: September, tomorrow, eleventh.

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Word stress

 Stress patterns can help you hear the Stress patterns can help you hear the

difference between similar words and know difference between similar words and know

the meaning and class of words the meaning and class of words Eg: thirteen – thirty

Eg: thirteen – thirty

present – present.present – present.

 There are two very important rules about There are two very important rules about word stress:

word stress: 1.

1. One word, one stress.One word, one stress.

2.

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Exercise (Page 4)

1

1 0o0o Monday Tuesday Thursday Monday Tuesday Thursday April April

Second thirtySecond thirty 2

2 o0o0 JulyJuly Thirteenth Thirteenth thirteenthirteen 3

3 0oo0oo Saturday Saturday Holiday Holiday seventy seventy 4 o0o

4 o0o September September October November October November

eleventh eleventh 5 oo0

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Stress in two syllable words.

 Words come from a one-syllable word: Stress Words come from a one-syllable word: Stress

on the syllable of the original word

Eg: - Artist, driver, friendly

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Two syllable nouns and Adjectives

 Most two - syllable nouns and adjectivesMost two - syllable nouns and adjectives have have

stress on the

stress on the firstfirst syllable, even if they not syllable, even if they not come from an original one-syllable word

come from an original one-syllable word

Eg: The artist’s most famous picture show some

women and children in a lovely forest with a

purple mountain behind

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Two - syllable verbs

 Most two-syllable verbs have stress on the Most two-syllable verbs have stress on the

second

second syllable, even if they not come syllable, even if they not come from an original one - syllable word

from an original one - syllable word

Eg: forget

decidedecide

importimport

complaintcomplaint

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Two - syllable verbs

 Note:Note:

- There is not always a change of stress in There is not always a change of stress in

words that are nouns and verbs

Eg: Answer, picture, promise, reply, travel, visit:

Stress on the same syllable

- The stress stays in the same place when you The stress stays in the same place when you

make longer words from these two - syllable

nouns, adjectives and verbs

Eg: happy – unhappy, depart - departure

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Exercise 1(page 7)

 (act) How did you1 (act) How did you react react when you saw the when you saw the

actor

actor coming in? coming in?

 (write) The (write) The writerwriter decided to decided to rewriterewrite the the

whole book

 (paint) The (paint) The painterpainter tried to tried to repaintrepaint this part this part

of picture

 (print) We asked the (print) We asked the printerprinter to to reprint reprint the the

whole document

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Exercise (page7)

 Ex2: Hightline the word with a different stress pattern from Ex2: Hightline the word with a different stress pattern from

the others the others

 Answer1 Answer agreeagree allowallow attractattract  middle2 middle minuteminute missionmission mistakemistake  compare3 compare correctcorrect copycopy collectcollect  garden4 garden grannygranny guitarguitar grammargrammar  5 completecomplete commoncommon carefulcareful crazycrazy

 produce6 produce provideprovide promisepromise preferprefer  7 shampooshampoo shouldershoulder showershower shoppingshopping  8 reasonreason removeremove receivereceive

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Stress in longer words

 Words have prefix or suffix, stress stays the Words have prefix or suffix, stress stays the same as in the original word

same as in the original word Eg: Forget

Eg: Forget

ForgetfulForgetful

Unforgettable.Unforgettable

 Some endings change the stress in the Some endings change the stress in the shorter word

shorter word Eg: Educate

Eg: Educate

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 Ex1: Give stress to the following wordsEx1: Give stress to the following words  ElectricElectric electricianelectrician clinicclinic

 publicpublic atomicatomic MusicMusic

 musicianmusician decorationdecoration economiceconomic

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Stress in longer words.

 When we add the endings: -ion, -ian or –ic: When we add the endings: -ion, -ian or –ic:

Stress always move to the syllable

Stress always move to the syllable beforebefore

these endings

 Note: When a syllable changes from Note: When a syllable changes from

unstressed to stressed or stressed to unstressed,

the vowel sound often changes

Eg: Economy – Economic

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Exercise 1(page10)

Exercise 1(page10) 0o

0o Nation, clinic publicNation, clinic public o0o

o0o Relation romantic discussionRelation romantic discussion oo0o

oo0o Population scientific pessimisticPopulation scientific pessimistic ooo0o

ooo0o Communication pronunciation investigationCommunication pronunciation investigation oooo0o

oooo0o identificationidentification ooooo0o

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Exercise 2(Page 10)

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 For longer words end in – y and - al: Stress on For longer words end in – y and - al: Stress on

the third syllable from the end

Eg: Publicity, chemistry, biology, critical,

geological, geology……

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Stress in longer words 2

G

Give stress to the following words and read them ive stress to the following words and read them aloud

aloud

 Physics Physics 0o.0o  chemistry chemistry 0oo 0oo  biology biology o0oo o0oo  history history 0oo0oo

 geography geography o0ooo0oo  EconomicsEconomics oo0ooo0o  Mathematics oo0o Mathematics oo0o

Geology

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Exercise (page13)

 How the stress pattern moving.How the stress pattern moving

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Compound words

 For compound Nouns: The stress is on the For compound Nouns: The stress is on the

first

first part part

Eg: Blackboard, washing machine

 For compound Adjectives: The stress on the For compound Adjectives: The stress on the

second

second part part

Eg: Bad-tempered, old- fashioned

 For compound Verbs: The stress is on the For compound Verbs: The stress is on the

second

second part part

Eg: Understand, overflow

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Rules of word stress

 One word, one stress.One word, one stress

 Stress is always on a vowel.Stress is always on a vowel

 Stress on first syllables: Two- syllable Nouns and Stress on first syllables: Two- syllable Nouns and Adjectives

Adjectives

 Stress on second syllables: Two-syllable Verbs.Stress on second syllables: Two-syllable Verbs

 Stress on second syllable from end: words end in: – Stress on second syllable from end: words end in: – ic, -sion, –tion

ic, -sion, –tion

 Stress on third syllable from end: Words end in –y, Stress on third syllable from end: Words end in –y,  -al.-al

 Compound Nouns: Stress on first part.Compound Nouns: Stress on first part

 Compound Adjective and Verbs: Stress on second Compound Adjective and Verbs: Stress on second

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Sentence stress

 Ex1:Hightline the sentence that doesn’t have the same stress Ex1:Hightline the sentence that doesn’t have the same stress

pattern as the word… pattern as the word…

 0oo cinema1 0oo cinema wasn’t itwasn’t it hasn’t shehasn’t she Don’t you?Don’t you?  o0o tomato2 o0o tomato close the doorclose the door he told me he told me I like it I like it  oo0 afternoon3 oo0 afternoon does he drive?does he drive? Were you cold? Were you cold?

What happened ?

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Exercise 2

 Ex2: Write the sentences in Ex2: Write the sentences in

the correct column the correct column

0oo0

0oo0 o0o0o0o0 0o00o0 0o0o0o0o What you

What you want?

want?

Give me a call Give me a call What did he What did he say?

say?

The bus was The bus was late late The water’s The water’s cold cold

It’s cold and It’s cold and wet wet Come and Come and look look Where’s the Where’s the car? car? What’s the What’s the time? time? Close the Close the window window Nice to see Nice to see you

you

Phone and tell Phone and tell me

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

Thank you very much

for your attention

câu hỏi thảo luận câu hỏi thảo luận khi nµo th× ®c cho r»ng häc sinh cña m×nh ® ph¸t ©m ®óng ®­îc mét tõ §ó ®¸nh träng ©m cña tõ ®c th­êng dùa vµo nh÷ng c¸ch nµo t¹i sao cçn ph¶i ®¸nh träng ©m