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mat bdng, tdi dinh cu, sir dung tai nguydn, tac dgng mdi trudng bay nhirng riii ro ciia du an, dac bidt la danh gia ve mat hidu qua tdi chi'nh - kinb te; cdng tac thdm dinh da sang I[r]
(1)NGHIEN cQU - TRAO DOI
Hoan thien piiKiing phap tham djnh dif an dau tK til nguon ngan sach nha ni(i)c tren dja ban tinh Phu Tho
Trong qua trinh phat trien va hoi nhap, cac dif an dau tif ket cau tang kinh te - xa hoi stjf dung vo'n ngan sach nha rwidc (NSNN) c6 sif gia tang manh me ca ve so lifdng, quy mo va mifc phife tap cung nhif SLf doi hoi phii hdp vdi cac tieu chuan va thong le quoc te Cong tac tham djnh dif an thifc sif trd mot cong cu quan ly nha nddc ve ITnh vifc dau ti/ va can khong ngifng doi mdi va hoan thien nham dap ifng difcfc nhtfng yeu cau dat thifc tiin
THL/C TRANG CONG TAC THAM DINH Di; AN OAU T U T Q NGU6N NSNN TREN ojA BAN TINH PHQ THO
Phu Thg la tinh mien nui thugc Viing trung du midn niii Bac bg, la cdu ndi quan trgng giifa vting Ddng Bac, ddng bdng sdng Hdng va Tay Bac ciia Td qudc Trong giai doan 2006 - 2009, cac du an ddu tu tir ngudn NSNN duge uu tidn cho cdc du an xay dimg kd't cdu tdng kinh td - xa hoi, nhd dd da gdp phdn quan trgng vide thiic day phat tridn kinh te - xa hdi eiia tinh Tuy nhidn, van cdn mot so du an ddu tu kem hieu qua gay that thoat va lang phf Cd nhidu nguyen nhan, dd cd nguyen nhan bat ngudn ttr cdng tac iham dinh du an cdn mang tfnh hinh thitc, chua khoa hgc, khdng khach e|uan, trinh can bd thdm dinh cdn ban chd,
Nang cao hidu qua thdm djnh du an ddu tu tir nguon NSNN dang la ydu cdu cdp thiet ddi vdi cdng tdc quan ly ddu tu va xay dung Chi'nh vf vay, vide lira chgn du an dau tu
Th.s TRINH THE TRUYEN
SdKe hoach vd Ddu tutinh Phu Tho
nhdm phat huy cao nha't hidu qua sir dung vd'n, hidu qua cdng trinh xay dung, dap dng dugc nhu cau cung nhu cdc muc tidu phdt trien kinh td' - xa hgi ciia tlnh Phii Thg, cd y nghTa rd't quan trgng Vi Ie dd, nhtfng nam qua cdng tac tham djnh du dn da dugc ehu trgng vd cang trd thdnh mgt cdng cu quan ly nha nudc vd ITnh vuc ddu tu
Cdng tdc thdm dinh dudn ddu tu dd the hien tdt vai tro qudn ly nhd nudc
Nhiing nam qua, mac dii cd nhieu thay ddi co chd' chi'nh sach cua Nha nude, nhung cdng tac thdm djnh du an ndi chung va tham dinh cdc du an ttr ngudn NSNN ndi ridng Thdng qua vide xem xet su phu bcjp ciia du an, ciing nhu kidm tra, kiem soat nhifng tfnh toan Hd so ve quy md, cdng suat, cac quy chuan, tidu chuan ky thuat, cac ndi dung ve: phucmg an giai phdng
mat bdng, tdi dinh cu, sir dung tai nguydn, tac dgng mdi trudng bay nhirng riii ro ciia du an, dac bidt la danh gia ve mat hidu qua tdi chi'nh -kinb te; cdng tac thdm dinh da sang Igc va lua chgn dugc nhiing du an cd tfnh kha thf va hidu qua cao, tham muu cho UBND tinh phd duyet va quyd't dinh dau tu mot each phil hcrp nha't, gdp phdn nang cao hidu qua dau tu ttr vide tranh that thoat va lang phf vdn, cung nhu dam bao tfnh uu tidn, cd trgng tam, trgng didm; thuc hidn tdt vai trd la mgt cdng cu quan ly Nha nudc ITnh vuc ddu tu xdy dung
Chdt lugng vd hieu qud thdm dinh du dn dugc ndng cao
Hidu qua thdm dinh du an d day la su dam bao ve chat lugng thdm dinh khudn khd chi phf, thdi gian theo quy djnh ciia Phap luat Chat lugng dd chfnh la nhifng nhan xet danh "ia dans tin cav vd loan bd
(2)NGHIEN CQU - TRAO DOI ndi dung ciia du an, kd ca cho vide
quyd't dinh ddu tu cung nhu cdng tac "hau kidm" du an di vao thuc hidn, van hanh va khai thac Dd dam bao dugc didu dd, cac co quan thdm dinh da thiet lap va dp dung quy trinh chudn dd'i vdi cac du an ddu tu xay dung, chil dgng td chuc thuc hidn trdn co sd tuan thii Phap luat mgt each chat che Ctfng nhu su quan tam chi dao ciia cac cdp, true tid'p ciia UBND tinh, Lanh dao Sd cong tac tham dinh: tao didu kidn khuyd'n khfch ndng cao trinh nghidp vu, cac ky nang cdn thid't, trang bi cang ddy dii va hoan thidn hon cac phuang tidn phuc vu qua trfnh cdng tac, gdp phdn nang cao chat lugng va hidu qua thdm dinh du an
Bdn canh nhung kd't qua dat dugc, cdng tac tham dinh du an dau tu ttr ngudn NSNN trdn dia ban tlnh Phil Thg cdn bdc Id nhiing tdn
tai, han chd
Cdng tac thdm dinh du an vdn cdn nhimg nhan thirc chua diing dan va day dii d mot bg phan can bd thdm dinh; vdn xem thdm dinh du an la buck thii tuc nhdm hgp phap boa du an, phuc vu muc tidu phd duyet du an de dugc cap vdn hay tai trg
Tfnh phan cap va phdi bcjp tham dinh chua dam bao, chua manh dan phan cap dau tu, phan cap thdm dinh, ddn dd'n hidn tugng qua tai cdng vide, chua khai thdc dugc su chil dgng, sang tao hay rang bugc quydn han, traeh nhidm cua cap dudi (cdp CO sd) phat huy thuc su hidu lire quan Iy hosit dgng ddu tu xay dung cdng trinh
Cdng tac kidm soat chdt lugng thdm dinh cdn thid'u va yd'u: chua cd bd phan ridng thuc hidn chuc nang theo ddi, kidm dinh chdt lucmg ciia chi'nh cdng tac thdm dinh du an Bdn canh dd, cdn chua cd chd' tai cdn thidi dd'i vdi traeh nhidm cua can bg thdm djnh (cung nhu ciia ngirdi quyd't dinh ddu tu) ndn cdn chua khdc phuc dugc ban che
Ndi dung thdm dinh du an cdn
bdt cap Do nhimg quy djnh, budng ddn thuc hidn cdn chung chung, mgt so chua phti hcrp, chua cd nhiing ydu cdu cu the ttmg giai doan danh gid va lua chgn du an Mat khac, cac ngi dung tham dinh cdn chua ky, mang tfnh thii tuc, nhidu hinh thiic, chu yd'u la cha'p nhan phuang an da dugc dua tir bg phan tu van thid't ke, lap du an, chfnh cong tac cung cdn nhieu yd'u kem
Phuong phap tham dinh cdn don gian, truyen thd'ng Phuang phap dugc dp dung cdng tac tham djnh hidn nhfn chung chua dap tfng ducDC ydu cdu trucjc nhifng ddi bdi cang cao va phiic tap cua cong trinh xay dung giao thdng va nhieu bid'n ddng, rui ro ciia boat dgng ddu tu bd'i canh chung ciia nen kinh td
GlAl PHAP HOAN THI£N PHL/ONG PHAPTHAMOINHDL/AN
Thic nhdt, ddi mdi cdng tdc thdm dinh du dn ddu tu
Nhfn nhan diing vd cdng tac tham djnh du an ddu tu Tu dd nang cao trdch nhidm, trfnh dg chuydn mdn, nghidp vu eiia cac td chuc, ca nhan thdm dinh du an (dac bidt Id cac chuydn gia tu vdn de chu dgng nang cao chdt lucDng cdng tdc thdm djnh)
Doi mdi phai phii hop vai ydu cdu phat trien kinh te - xa hgi va bdo dam mdi trudng xa hdi gan vdi an ninh qudc phdng va mot qua trinh lidn tuc hoan thidn Ddi mdi cong tac quan ly va thdm djnh du an theo hirdng cang phat buy tfnh chu ddng, sang tao ciia co sd; ddng thdi vdn dam bdo dugc nhifng ydu cdu, djnh hudng ciia nganh Ddi mdi phai dam bao cac ydu cau vd: tfnh khach quan, tfnh kha thi, ydu cdu ve thdi gian va dam bao hidu qua ciia cdng tac thdm dinh du an ddu tu
Thd hai, ndng cao nhdn thuc ve cong tdc thdm dinh du dn ddu tu
Tang cudng cdng tac tuydn truyen, phd bid'n, quan triet Luat Ddu tu, Ludt Xdy dung, Ludt Ddu thau
Luat sd 38 vd sira ddi, bd sung mdt so didu eiia cac luat lidn quan dd'n ddu tu xay dung ca ban va cac van ban hucSng ddn ciia cdc bg, ngdnh Tmng uong vd cdng tdc thdm djnh vd quan Iy du an
Phdi hcrp vdi cac Trung tain dao tao, eac vidn td ehdc cac khoa dao tao chuydn nganh vd quan ly du an Tlianh phdn tham gia la cdc bd lanh dao, can bd true tid'p lam cdng tac quan ly ciia cac cdp, cac nganh va cac doanh nghiep dd cting thd'ng nhd't nhdn thiic va td chife thuc hidn cd hidu qua, dung quy djnh
Thic ba, hodn thien quy trinh thdm dinh du dn ddu tu
Trudc hdt, cdn xac dinh chi'nh xac ddi tugng (du an) can thie't dugc tham dinh theo cac quy trinh d mdi ca quan tham djnh trdn co sd tudn thii phap luat va su chii ddng ddi vdi nhifng dieu kidn, dac thii ridng; giup cho quy trfnh thdm dinh thuc su chat che va hidu qua ddi vdi timg du an Dd thuc hidn nhidm vu nay, edn xem xet lai vide phdn cap dau tu va phan cap thdm dinh mot each phu hgp bon: Cac du an vdi tdng muc ddu tu va ydu cdu ky thuat khdng cao (cac du dn nhdm C, cd tdng muc ddu tu dudi ty) cd the phan cdp true tid'p cho cap dudi tu thdm dinh va phd duyet
Hoan thidn quy trinh td chirc tham dinh du an ddi hdi buck; phan giao nhidm vu phai dam bao hidu rd ngi dung ciia cdc cdng vide phai thuc hidn, nhidm vu va traeh nhidm cu the ddi vdi timg don vj, ca nhan phu trdch Cdn thidt phai cd su phdi bc^fp chat che ban cdng tac tham dinh Nhifng ydu cau phai dugc lam ro qua trinh td chuc thuc hidn
Thic tu, hodn thien ngi dung thdm dinh du dn ddu tu
Ngi dung tham dinh chi'nh la co sd quan trgng nhdt dd dua ducx nhtfng danh gid, nhdn xet ve du an De dam bao tfnh trung thuc, dang tin cdy cua nhifng nhan xet, danh gia nay, ndi dung tham djnh can phai
So 6/2010
(3)NGHIEN CLTU - TRAO DOI
khach quan, toan didn vd chudn xac Vi tmdng bcip ngugc lai, ngi dung thdm dinh khdng ddy dii, nhung nbiin dinh khdng ed can eu, chat lugng tham djnh khdng dam bao, khd tranh khdi su Iua chgn va quydi dinh sai lam Hoan thidn ngi dung thdm djnh cdn lam id mgt sd vail de nhu sau:
MOI Id ndi dung thdm djnh can
khiich quan, loan didn, khdng chi dua trdn nhimg y tudng ciia td chirc tu van, lap du an Bdn canh nhifng ngi dung dugc trinh bay Hd so du an, can bd thuc hidn cdn cd tfnh dgc lap, dam bao nhifng phan tfch, danh gia la trung thuc qua vide tu khao sat, thu thiip so lieu va xir Iy thdng tin mot each chuydn nghidp Tlidm djnh se khdng dimg Iai d vide kidm tra, soat md cdn cdn cd nhifng kid'n nghi, dd xudt ridng vd tfnh hidu qua va kha thi ciia du an Cd vay mdi hoan thidn dugc vai trd, chuc nang ciia cdng tac
Hai Id, ndi dung tham djnh can
cd cac ydu cau tirng giai doan danh gia va lira chgn du an, can ed nhung tidu chf danh gia cu the mdt so ndi dung nhu: Su can thiet ddu tu, Hidu qua kinh te - xa hgi ciia du an tranh bfnh thirc Trong tham dinh khdng cbl dua trdn cac phuong an da dugc trinh bay mdt each quy lat Hd so ma ddi hdi phai xem xet toan bg nhirng quy trinh, can cu de thid't lap phuong an dd
Ba Id, can cd sit xem xet ky ludng
nhung ngi dung mang tfnh dac thii eua du an ddu tu xay dung nhu: Tlidm djnh ky tfnh kha thi eiia phirong an bdi thudng, giai phdng mat bdng; Tham dinh ky cdc phirong an huy dgng vdn - yen td tidn quydt ddi vdi mdi du an; Thdm djnh ky cac chi tidu tai chfnh du an: can quan tam mdt each ddng bd dd'n he thd'ng cac chi tidu
B(vi Id, ngi dung thdm djnh eung
can cd nhung lai tidn hoac bdt bugc ridng ddi vdi tirng Ioai cdng trfnh tirng didu kidn cu thd Vi du
nhu: ydu cau, ddi hdi cac giai phap phdng chdng chay nd, cac ydu to anh hucmg dd'n qudc phdng an ninh, mdi trudng (trong ngi dung xem xet dam bao tfnh kha thi ciia du an) se khac vao dac didm cdng trinh xay dung giao thdng Hay cac dieu kidn ve nang luc boat ddng ciia td chifc tu vaii, nang luc hanh nghd cua cd nhdn lap thiet ke CO sd, kinh nghidm quan ly ciia chii ddu tu cung can pbii hgp ban ddi vdi mgi du an
Thu ndm, hodn thien ve phuo'ng phdp thdm dinh du dn ddu tu
Ciing vdi cac yd'u to vd quy trinh td chuc thuc hidn va cac ndi dung qua trinh xem xet, danh gia; phuong phap thdm dinh ciing ddng vai trd vo cting quan trgng ddi vdi chat lugng, hidu qua tham djnh du an Vdi ngudn thdng tin dang tin cay, su kdi hgp giifa cac phirong phap khoa hgc, hidn dai vdi kinh nghidm thuc te' tham dinh eac du an dau tu se dam bao cho vide phan tfch, danh gia dudn mgt each khach quan, loan didn, chi'nh xiic va kip thdi Hoan thidn phuong phap tham dinh tap trung vao:
Mot Id, lua chgn phuong phap
thdm dinh phu hcyp vdi tiing ngi dung cua du an, dam bao phat huy the manh cua timg phirong phdp:
Tir su ddi mdi nhan thifc ve thdm dinh du an dd la: Tlidm dinh du an khong chi dimg Iai d vide danh gia sir tuan thu phap luat cua du an thdng qua so sanh, dd'i chidu vdi cac van ban phap quy, ma cdn cd dugc nhan xet, danh gia cu the, nhtfng dd xudt, khuyd'n nghi ridng tirng ngi dung ciia du an Do vay, phuang phap tharn dinh khdng cbl la phuemg phap so sanh chi tidu, tham djnh theo trinh tu ma cdn cdn cd su kd't hgp su dung nhifng phirong phap hidn dai: du bao, phan tfch nhay va triet tieu riii ro
Vd eo ban Iua chgn phuang phap thdm dinh phai luu y dd'n su dam bao dap irng dugc nhiing ydu cau, quy dinh cua Nha nudc;
phirong phap dugc lira chgn la ldi uu cac phuong phap dua va can thid't phai phu hgp vdi kha nang, kinh nghidm va trfnh dg cua can bg thuc hidn
- Dd'i vdi phuong phap so sanh: ap dung cdn hidu rd cac co' sd can cu dd tfnh loan, so sanh Dac bidt thuc hien ddi vdi cac du an tuong tu da va dang boat dgng, can tranh chii quan may mdc (nhifng thong tin dd chi mang tfnh chdt tham khao, cdn thie't phai quan tam dd'n nhiing didu kidn, dac thu ridng ciia du an)
- Ddi vdi phirong phap phan tfch nhay du an: nhfn chung day la phuong phap cd nhidu uu didm, giup phat hidn dugc nhifng yd'u to anh hudng dd'n hidu qua cua du an, tir dd cd nhung danh gia dang tin cay ve tridn vgng thuc su ciia du an cung nhu nhifng bidn phap thi'ch bcjfp trudc nhifng tfnh hudng dat Tuy nhidn, dd phuong phap thuc su bidu qua ddi hdi can phai lua chgn dugc thdng so nao la phii hcrp vdi dac diem cua du an va ydu can ciia qua trinh phan tfch
- Cdn tidp can va van dung phuong phap phan tfch Igi feh va chi phf kinh te danh gia hidu qua kinh te - xa hgi cua du an
- Dd'i vdi vide sir dung cac phuong phap, cdn thie't lap mgt sd phuong an, khong ndn dimg Iai cue bg mgt phuemg an, ciing nhu khdng cbl chu trgng dd'n mgt du an cu the ma phai xem xet, danh gid mdi quan he vdi cdc du an cting quy md va tfnh chat
Hai Id, bd'i canh hgi nhdp
kinh td' qudc te, ddi hdi cong tac tham dinh du an dau tu phai cang phil hgp ban vdi cac tidu chudn, thdng Id qudc te Vi vay, can tang cudng ap dung cac mc hfnh va phuong phap phan tfch hidn dai dd danh gia va Iua chgn du an, khdng cdn la hudng tid'p can ma phai thuc su phat huy dugc hidu qua ciia nhimg phuong phap dd mdi cd the dap img ducJc ydu cdu didu kidn mdi •