Tai budi Dien dan Hidn kd vi su phat tridn ciia doanh nghidp "Kinh nghiem tridn khai hd trg lai suat theo quydt djnh 131/QO-TTg - Mdt sd gdc nhin va y tudng" do doan TNCS HCM[r]
(1)DIEN BAN NGHIEN CiTU VE
TAI CNINN TIEN TE
KiNH NGHIEM TRIEN KHAi HO TRQ
LAi SUAT THEO QUYET DINH 131/QO-TTG
Mot SO gdc nhin va y tvAng H6NG NHUNG
Ndn kinh td Vidt Nam budc sang ndm 2009 vdi nhidu khd khan vd thir thach; kinh td thd gidi dang phdi ddi mat vdi su suy thodi manh vd chua xac djnh duge thdi didm dUng Trong nude, ndn kinh td se tidp tuc gdnh chju anh hudng tir khung hoang tai chfnh toan cau va lam phat cao tU nam 2008, can can toan chua dn djnh, sdc canh tranh thap, da tang trudng giam sut
Di khac phuc suy thoai kinh td, dn djnh
phdt tridn san xuat, Chinh phii da dua nhidu giai phap, chlnh sach didu hanh linh hoat, dde bidt Id gdi giai phdp kich cau ciia Chlnh phii da va dang md cho cdc don vj san xuat kinh doanh va ngan hang eac CO hdi kinh doanh mdi
NhUng qua ciia vide tridn khai quydt djnh 131/QO-TTg gid da hien hQu ndn kinh td Theo bdo cao nhanh eiia cdc ngan hang thuong mai (NHTM), du ng cho vay ho trg lai suat ddn 03/4/2009 la 202.13119 ddng So vdi du ng tfnh ddn 26/3/2009, chi sau tuan thue hidn, du ng cho vay ciia chuong trinh da tang 23.409 t^ ddng (tuong duong tang 13,09%); dd du ng cho vay ciia nhdm NHTM nhd nude vd Quy tfn dung nhan dan Trung uong la 151.010 ty ddng, tang 17.408 ty ddng (tang 13,02%); nhdm NHTM cd phan la 42.141 ty ddng, tang 4.876 ty ddng (tang 13,08%); nhdm ngan hang lidn doanh, chi nhanh ngan hang nude ngoai va ngan hang 100% yiJn nude ngoai la 8.633 ty ddng, tang 1.074 ty ddng (tdng 14,2%); cdng ty tdi chfnh Id 347 tj
ddng, tang 51 ty ddng (tang 17,22%) Ddng vdn hd trg lai suat (HTLS) da ddn vdi doanh nghiep, giup cac doanh nghiep giam duge gia san pha'm, tri san xuat, kinh doanh, dn dinh viec lam cho ngudi lao ddng, gdp phan dang kd vao muc tidu dam bao an sinh xa hdi ma Chfnh phu da dd
Tai budi Dien dan Hidn kd vi su phat tridn ciia doanh nghidp "Kinh nghiem tridn khai hd trg lai suat theo quydt djnh 131/QO-TTg - Mdt sd gdc nhin va y tudng" doan TNCS HCM BCH Khdi doanh nghiep Trung uong - Doan Thanh nien Ngan hang Ngoai Thuong Vi6t Nam (Vietcombank) td chirc vao cudi thang vira qua, Bi thu Doan nidn Ngan hang Cdng thuong VN (Vietinbank) - Cdt Huy Long cho bidt: "Od tridn khai QO 131 cd hieu qua, Vietinbank da nhanh chdng thuc hidn nghidn ciru, ban hdnh van ban hudng dan thuc hi6n va tap huan toan thdng tdi tat ca can bd cdc phdng khdch hang, kd toan, giao djch, tdng hgp va tiep thj, cac phdng giao djch dd cd thd gidi thieu, tuyen truydn rdng rai den mpi khach hang vay vdn vd chuong trinh HTLS, giri thu gidi thidu vd chuong trinh ddn cac khach hang hien dang cd quan he tin dung; tu van chp khach hang cac thu tuc can thidt dd hudng chinh sach HTLS kip thdi"
Tuy nhidn, qua trinh tridn khai van cdn mdt sd khd khdn nhat djnh nhu: Trong qud trinh tridn khai, nhidu ngan hang cdn lung tung phan biet ddi tugng khdch hang vi nhidu doanh nghiep kinh doanh da nganh nghd, dac biet la mdt sd DNNW hay thay ddi nganh nghd, ITnh vuc kinh doanh Cd Ngan hang (NH) xac dinh doanh nghidp theo nganh cd doanh thu Idn, nhung cd NH lay theo nganh nghd ciia
muc dfch sir dung vdn vay theo tCmg lan nhan ng ciia NH; Viec tridn khai HTLS khidn khdi lugng cdng vide ciia cac NH tang len, vay can phai bd tri sap xep nhan luc hgp ly nen nhidu nhu cau cua khach hang chua dap iimg duge kjp thdi
Cdn rieng ddi vdi Ngan hang Ndng nghiep va PTNT thi nhChig khd khan ma NH gap phai la dac thu cho vay ndng nghidp, ndng thdn phan tan va trdi rdng, sd lugng khdch hang vay Idn, gia trj cac khodn vay nhd chO ydu cac ehi phi san xuat kinh doanh chdng minh muc dfch sir dung vdn lai thudc ddi tugng ma Phdp luat khdng quy djnh bat budc phai cd hod don theo quy djnh cua Bd Tdi chfnh Hon nQa, theo quy djnh tai van ban sd 1436/NHNN-CSTT cua NHNN vd "Hudng dan cu thd mdt sd didm vd co chd HTLS" thi ddi vdi cdc khoan vay trdn NH phai kidm tra tai chd, lap bidn bdn kidm tra cd xdc nhdn cua NH va bdn vay dd xac djnh cu thd nhOrng chi phi sdn xuat kinh doanh phu hgp, dd mat nhidu thdi gian va thu tuc dd xdc djnh HTLS
Tham gia y kidn tai Didn dan, Ngan hang Dau tu - Phat tridn Vidt Nam da chia se nh&ng kinh nghidm dudi gdc dd: Lam cdng tdc kidm tra ndi bd Kidm tra sau gidi ngan la khau dac bidt quan trpng, nd phdn anh vide thuc hidn chu tmong cOa Chinh phii HTLS theo quydt djnh 131 nhSm kich cau sdn xuSt vd tidu dung cd duge cdc NH thuc hidn tridt dd hay khdng cd hd trg dung ddi tugng vd dam bdo an toan, hidu qua ngan ngira nhOng sai sdt, vi pham va tidu cue cd thd xay Do vay, qua trinh kidm tra can dac bidt nghidm tiic tuan thu cac quy djnh vd kidm tra tmdc, vd sau cho vay dd ddm bdo vide HTLS theo dung ddi tugng, dung muc dfch thdi gian duoc HTLS; chia sd
(2)DIEN OAN NGHIEN cuu
TAI CHINH TIEN nO
kinh nghi6m vd quan ly giai ngan hoat ddng tin dung tridn khai HTLS; chia se cdc giai phap xac djnh dung ddi tugng duge HTLS
Oai bidu Nguyen Thj Lan Phuong ciia Vietcombank cho bidt: Tir cd chuong trinh HTLS ciia Chlnh phu, sd lugng bao cdo phat sinh rat nhidu va phuc vu cho cdng lac chu ydu la can bd doan vien vdi Igi thd cd thd lam thdm ngoai gid, lam thdm nghi va bat ky nao dd cap nhat thudng xuydn sd liau cho ban lanh dao; Tdng hgp nhOng khd khdn, vudng m3c qua trinh thuc hidn chuong trinh dd phuc vu cho cac budi hpp tim cdeh xir ly cho phii hgp; Cung cap day dii cac van bdn lidn quan dd giiip qua trinh thuc hian duge thdng sudt; Vdi Igi thd cua nidn vd cdng nghd thdng tin, phuc vu cho viae tridn khai chuong trinh HTLS, Igi thd cua nidn da duge phat huy tdi da vdi viae dp dung kidn thire tin hpc dd ddng gdp vao su cdng Chung cua Vietcombank cdng trde tridn khai thue hi6n
Didn dan cung da nhan duoc nhidu y kidn gdp y, dd xud't eiia cdc dai bidu nhu: Tidp tuc td ChUe thdng tin tuy6n truydn nhdm phd bidn rdng rai chii tmong kfeh
cau va CO chd HTLS; Td chUe hdi thao dd trao ddi kinh nghiem; Cac NH can phai ndm duge chfnh xac dac thu san xuat, kinh doanh eiia khach hang dd cd thd tien hanh HTLS duge chfnh xac va day dii; Mdi NHTM nen lap mdt bg phan chuyfen trach hoae td cdng tdc cd trdeh nhiem chi dao giai quyet cac vudng mac qud trinh tridn khai, phan cdng trach nhiem cho tUng vien, tUng mang nghiep vu, hudng dan va tu van khach hang cd nhu cau vay vdn HTLS Mat khac, NHNN lap dudng day ndng hd trg, tidp nhan va xir ly thdng tin cho cdc NHTM va khach hang li6n quan ddn van dd HTLS; Cd hinh thirc thi dua, khen thudng ddi vdi tap thd, ca nhan tridn khai thuc hidn, n6u tam guong sir dung vdn HTLS cd hidu qua, khac phuc khd khan phat tridn san xuat; Tang eudng cdng tdc kidm tra, kidm soat va td chire thue hian kidm tra sdm dd phdt hien kip thdi eac sai sdt dd ngan ngUa; Xir ly nghiem nhifng hanh vi true Igi; Can tdng ket danh gia dd rut kinh nghem va dd tiep tuc phat huy
Day la nhung y kidn dd xuat eiia eac dai bidu tham gia tai Dien dan dd co chd HTLS duge thue hifen diing theo quy djnh cua Thii tudng Chinh phu, chi dao cua
NHNN nham dua chu truong nhanh chdng di vao cudc sdng, cd tac ddng tich cue ddi vdi ede td chirc va ca nhan khde phuc khd khan hoat dOng san xudt, kinh doanh gdp phan thue hi&n cd hi$u qua chuong trinh kfeh eau cua chfnh phu
Qua hai thang tridn khai ndi dung quydt djnh cho thay co chd HTLS da nhan duge su ddng tinh va iing hd ciia toan xa hdi Cd thd ndi, day la giai phap kich eau phu hgp vdi y6u cau ciia ndn kinh td va duge tridn khai kjp thdi, cd tac ddng thidt thuc ddi vdi cdc td chirc va ca nhan vi6c khac phuc khd khdn, giam gia san pham, tri san xuat, kinh doanh va vide lam cho ngudi lao ddng Bdn canh dd, giai phdp cQng hd trg cho cac NHTM khde phuc khd khan d dpng vdn, tao didu ki6n md rpng tfn dung
TU nhUng kinh nghidm duge diic kdt cung nhu'ng qua dat duge se lam ndn tang dd giiip eac ngan hang thue hian tdt viec tridn khai quydt dinh 443/QO-TTg 4/4/2009 vd vi6c hd trg lai suat vdi thdi gian tdi 24 thdng ddi vdi cac td chUe, ca nhan vay vdn bdng ddng Viet Nam dd thuc hidn dau tu mdi, phat tridn san xuat kinh doanh •