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Trong Ihe ky 20 thi giai chiing kiin cupc chpy dua va trang hpt nhan giiia cac sieu cuang da khiin nhin lopi gin nhu tien toi ba dift chiing May man thay sau Chiin tranh Ipnh cham dut, cupc chpy dua chit choc khong Thay vao la mpt cupc dua mai, ma theo Giao su Joseph Nye, dpi hpc Havard, du bio se la cu$c canh tranh chinh giiia cic quoc gia thi ky 21: cupc chpy dua vi sic manh mim Cupc chay dua khong Ipo ndi sp hai nhir cupc chay dua vu trang giiia thi ky 20 Ngupc lpi, cupc chpy dua site manh mem huang tai cau hii la quic gia nao se tpa dupe nhieu su yiu han cpng ding quoc ti Tuy mang yeu ta "mem", nhung cupc chay dua ndy ding khong kem phin "quyit li$t", day "tinh cpnh tranh ", vi bai, theo Joseph Nye dif doan, sue mpnh mem se dupe xem la mpt Irong nhiing siic manh gay anh huang lan Irong quan he quoc ti thi ky 21 Vay cupc canh tranh nay, nhiing quoc gia nao dang dan dau? Nhiing quoc gia nao dang Ihtft lpi? Va nhiing bai hpc nao can rut cho cac quoc gia, co Vipt Nam, trong vi?c xay dung va trien khai sic manh mem cupc dua loan cau nay?

Tft khda: Sue mjnh mIm, canh ttanh, ttie ky XXI

k' N ^ a n ciiu sinh tiin si Hoc Vifn Ngoji Giao, Giing vidn Khoa Quan hd qu6c it Bai • Khoa hoc xa hdi vi nhan vin, Thinh phd Ho Chi Minh

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^ Sue manh mtoi la khai niem dupe dua bdi Giio su Joseph Nye, dai hpe Havard ttong nhilu tic phim n g nhic din khii niem lln diu tito ttong "Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Politics" (1990), sau dd giii fliich rd flitoi frong "Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics " (2004) Ong ndi ring "quyin luc theo dinh nghia cua tu diin la nang inh huang din ngudi khac di cd thi dat dupe diiu mang muin Nhung co nhiiu han mpt cdch di dpi dupe diiu mong muin Bpn co thi ep bupc hp bing de dpa, hope cic khoan Whopc CO thi Ihu hit hp di hp muin nhOng diiu mi ban cung muin".' Theo Joseph Nye, ttong flidi dai ttidng tta v i toin elu hoi, bin chat cia quyln Ivc ngiy da fliay ddi.' Mpt quic gia ehi cd sfte manh cung tft quan sv flii chua du m i edn phii bao gim nhilu ylu t l khac' Nye nhan manh din tim quan ttpng cia mdt sue manh mdi, mpt ttift quyln luc khiln cho dii phuong tuan phvc bdi su yto mlu hon l i sp hai Bd chfah la sic manh mtoi Sue manh niy cd vai ttd diic biet quan ttpng ttong ky nguyto toan elu hda, cac quic gia gin kit ttong mdi quan hp ho tuong, I? ttiudc lln nhau.* Joseph Nye dinh nghia "sic manh mIm" nhu sau|^ "Sic manh mim - lam nhiing nguoi khdc muin kit qud ma bpn muin - thu hit chi khong phdi ep bupc nguoi khac Vd niu nhu mpt lanh dpo thi hiin cac gid tri ma nguoi khac muin di theo, se it ton kim

' Josheph Nye, 2004, Scfi Pcv^: The Mean, to Succe,, in World Pclitlcs PubUc

Acairs, New York, trang ' ^Josh^h Nye, 2004, tldd, trang 2-6

Joseph Nye, 2W7^e paradox of American {Hmer: Why the world's only superpower cant go It alone, Ox.fyTd\Jmvasity Pass ,r -f t^ cr * Manfred Steger, 2011, Todn cau hoa, NXB Tri Thiic

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\ ' % Josheph Nye, 2004, Soft Power: ne Means lo Success in World Polities, PuMit "

Affaire, New Yoik trang .^ J o s ^ h Nye, 2007, Understanding Inlemalional ConJIIca, An Introduction u Thar, "1

W History, the Sixth Edition, P e a ™ Longman, Chuong phSn InfonnatimM »'* Power among Slates, Inng 250-252; phin The Information Revolution and Comply >*

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^ Vay tii ciu chuyen cudc dua sfte mjnh mlm giua eac quic gia dau flie ky 21 ching ta rit dupe bii hpc nao cho Vipt Nam ttong tiln ttinh hpi nhjp toin ciu? Lam Viet Nam xuit Uen ttto bin d l cie quic gia sd huu s i c manh mlm? Viet Nam dupe bilt din cd nhilu nguin luc mlm phong p h i va hip din, din tit nln van hda ttuyto flilng lau ddi, ngudi hieu khach, cing nhilu cinh quan fliito nhito dupe UNESCO cdng nhjin Van de la vdi nhung nguin ndi Ivc niy, lim Vipt Nam cd ttil phit huy va lan tda cie gii tti eia minh? Cd nUlu bito phap di di tii eip vimo den vi md cd flil dvpc xem xet, cin nhic Diu tito, Vi^t Nam can xic djnh ddi tirpng mi mfah can nhim toi L i m0, ttiinh vidn cia ASEAN, Vip, Nam cin cd cUin djch quing ba htoh inh Upu qui tiudc tien la ttong chfah cpng ding niy Sau dd Vift Nam ein hudng din nhftng dii tfc ttuyen ttidng nhu Phip, Nga, Nhjt, M J, chau Au l i nhung quie gia cd sin nhung J mpm to, dpp v l htoh inh Vi jt Nam Djc bipt, frong flidi dji till gioi md eia ky nguyto cdng nghe ttidng tin Interne, cflng l i mp, phuong tien lan toa Unh anh hi j u qui Vip, Nam cin xay dung Unh inh mp, dit nuoc tich cvc, Ueu khich, tii m$, Vij, Nam cia eUln franh, sang Mnh anh md, Vie, Nam dii mdi, nang t^g, cing nhung di sin van hda-fliito nUSn dvpc gm giii, bio ion, v i phi, huy Quan frpng l i tinh bin vftng tiong sv phi, frien, cin frinh m: "an xii d ttii", tir "lim an mp, mia", thi luc ay, nhung gia tti mlm cia Vij, Nam se cd sfte lan ,da m ^ me Nhu Joseph Nye da ndi, sv myto ttuyln hiju qui nhi, l i khdng tayto ttuyln gi ci Khi nhung gia tti "dich ttivc" Ito ngdi ttii nd se "huu xa nr nhifti huong", lan tda tv nUto vio long cdng ching quic tl, v i lie iy Vipt Nam se dang hoing gdp mjt ttong bang xlp h,ng nhung quic gia nli bjt vl sue manh mSm thd gidi

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TAI U^xi TEAM KHAO

1 McLuhan Marshall (2003) UnderslandingMedia, Oingko Press Nafl^n fleauchamp-Mustafaga (10/10/2014) "A spoUed

Amnversary-China Reacts to ContiiciustostitateContmve,^., Amnversary-China Bri^,V^^ 14, Issue 19

3 Josheph Nye (2004) Soft Power: The Means lo Success in World

Politics, Public Affairs, New York

1 4 Joseph Nye (2002), ne paradox of American power: Why the world's ""•y^P^-^rcan'tgoitaloncOxtoriVnivcsityPress 5 Joseph Nye (2007), Understanding Iniemational Conflicts- An

Introduction to Theory and History, flie sixtti Edition, Pea.„„ Loagman

6 Manfted Steger (201 l),ra»,<:^A^_ NXB Tri Thftc

7 Luong VanKl(cb)(20U), Vdn hia Bic My Toin ciu hia,,^ Ciiao dye VietNam