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DAY - HQC TIENG VIET VA VAN HOA VIET NAM TAI DAI LOAN: THV^C TRANG VA KIEN NGHI GIAI PHAP Nguyen Thf Thanh Ha Moi quan h$ giira Vi^t Nam v^ Dai Loan boi canh toan cau hoa Tir sau ddi mdi, Vigt Nam ludn ddn nhan tat ea mgi sir hgp lac tich cue tir cac nude va vimg lanh thd tren the gidi dd cd Dai Loan La mot qude gia nhd be vdi 23 trieu dan va chi duge 29 qude gia edng nhan, tren vi the kinh te va chinh trj the gidi, Dai Loan chi duge coi la mgt vung lanh thd cd nen kinh te luomg ddi phat trien va nen chinh tri tuomg ddi edi md, dan chu Trong mdi quan he vdi Viet Nam, tu Vigt Nam edn chia eat, Dai Loan vdi danh nghia la mot ddng minh eiia My da cd quan h? mat thiet vdi miln Nam Vigt Nam Sau che Sai Gdn sup do, Dai Loan da ddng eiia dai su quan va cham dut quan he ngoai giao Trong thai gian Viet Nam vira thdng nhat va cdn ehua md cua, Dai Loan tam thdi khdng cd quan h^ chinh thurc vdi Vigt Nam nhimg vSn la nai di cu phan nhieu cita nhi"rng ngudi Vigt Nam gdc Hoa Nam 1986, th^rc hign Nghi quyet Dai hgi lan thu sau ciia Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Dang, Vi?t Nam tien hanh doi mdi va eai each mot so chinh sach kinh tl xa hgi, d$c biet la md cua keu ggi dau tu nude ngoai vao Vi^t Nam, thi tir nam 1988 da cd rk nhilu thuomg nhan Dai Loan tdi Vi^l Nam lim ca hgi hgp tac va dau tu Ngay 15 thang II nam 1992, chinh quyen Dai Bae da lien hanh thill lap Van phdng Kinh tl Van hda Dai Bae tai Ha Ngi va Ihanh phd 116 Chi Minh Nguge lai Viet Nam cung thill lap Van phdng Kinh te Van hda Viet Nam tai Dai Bae vao 10 thang nam 1993' Nhu vay, khdng chinh ibuc edng nhan Dai Loan, nhimg quan he lanh sir giira Viet Nam va Dai Loan da Irdn 20 nam Ciing vdi sir dau tu va hgp lac kinh tl, tir nhiJng nam cudi thap ky 90 cua the ky irudc Ian sdng di cu thdng qua hdn nhan xuyen qude gia gida Viet Nam va Dai Loan cung phat Iriln manh, dac biet nhumg nam dau ciia the ky Ngoai ra, sir phat triln kinh tl va sir Ihay ddi vl kit cdu xa hgi, cac lap doan kinh te Dai Loan cung Bg mon tilng Viet, Trudng Dai hoc Quoc lap Ky thuat Binh Dong, Dai Loan Bo Ngoai giao Dai Loan: http://multilingual.mofa.gov.lw/web/web_UTF-8/almanac/almanac 2010/2.l.l.pdf 86 DAY - HOC TI^NG VI^T VA VAN HOA VI^T NAM nhu cac trung tam phiic Igi xa hoi cd nhu cau Idn ve lao ddng nude ngoai, va day cung la mot dirdng de ngudi Vict den Dai Loan lam vice va sinh sdng Theo thdng kc ciia Bg Ngoai giao Dai Loan, tir nam 1988 den nam 2010, sd Immg du an dau tu nude ngoai true tiep cac doanh nghiep Dai Loan dSu tu vao Vict Nam la ham 2.200 du an, tong von dau tu len Idi gan 23,5 ly ddla My Sd lugng doanh nhan Dai Loan Ihudng xuyen lam vice va kinh doanh tai Viet Nam la bom 40.000 ngudi' Ngugc lai thco thdng ke ciia Sd Di dan thudc Bg Ngi chinh Dai Loan, linh den hel thang nam 2012, sd lugng ngudi Viet Nam ket hdn vdi ngudi Dai Loan la 86.860 ngudi, sd ngudi hien dang lam vice hoae bgc lap lai Dai Loan la 96.982 ngudi" Tuy khdng cd quan he ngoai giao chinh Ihue, nhumg vao nam 2010, hai ben da ky mot sd hiep dinh song phuomg nhu: Hiep djnh Tuang Irg tu phap ITnh vyc dan su Viet - Dai: Hiep dinh hgp lac y tl va ve sinh Viet - Dai; Cam ket hgp lac giao dich chung khoan hai ben Vi§t - Dai Ttr nhCrng bang chung tren cho thay, Viet Nam va Dai Loan da, dang va cang cd cac mdi quan he hgp lac song phuomg nhilu mat rat mat thill Nhat la boi canh loan cau hda hien nay, bat ke Viet Nam hay Dai Loan diu ckn cd nhumg sy giao tiep, hgp lac va hilu biet lan nhilu bom nCra dk cung nang cao vi thI tren trudng qude te Trong nbiimg giao lhi?p nay, ngdn ngir va van hda cung chinh la nhOmg phuomg dien can hgp lac va hgc tap lln Hon 20 nam qua, sd lugng sinh vien Viet Nam hgc tieng Hoa nhu mot sinh ngir cang nhilu, ngugc lai, tai Dai Loan, sd lugng ngudi theo hgc tieng Viet hoae nghien curu nhijmg van dl lien quan den Viet Nam ciing dan dan phat trien Trong bai viet nay, ngudi viet chi de cap den vice day va hgc tieng Viet lai Dai Loan cung nhu van dl nghien cuu lich su van hda Vigt Nam lai Dai Loan de tir dd nit nbiimg kit luan cung nhu dua nhOmg kiln nghi de vice hgc tieng Vigt va nghien cuu Vigt Nam khdng chi cdn la nhi^m vy ciia ngudi hgc ma cdn la Irach nhiem ciia ngudi day tilng Vigt tai Dai Loan Thuc trang day -hgc tieng Viet va van hoa Vi|t Nam tai Dai Loan 2.1 Vj thi ciia tieng Viet hien Tieng Viet la ngdn ngir chinh thuc lai Viet Nam va cung la tieng me de ciia da phan ngudi Viet Nam nude va ngudi Viet Nam dinh cu d nude ngoai Hien nay, ciing vdi su di dan cua ngudi Viet den khap nai tren the gidi, tieng Viet cung di theo dau chan ciia hg den mgi mien trai dat Tir nhdng qude gia lang gieng nhu Lao, Campuchia hay nhumg nai xa xdi each Viet Nam nua vdng trai dat nhu Phap, Bo Ngoai giao Dai Loan: da dan 2, Sd Di dan thuoc Bo Noi chinh Dai Loan: http;//\vww.immigration.gov.tw/ct.asp?xltem=l 139154 &ctNodc-29699&mp=l 87 VIET NAM HQC - KY YEU HQI THAO Q U C TE LAN THII TU^ My, dIu cd sy hien dien ciia ngudi Viet va tieng Vigt Khi hg di cu den nhdng vimg dat mdi, ngdn ngvt \a van hda la nhumg thu da an sau vao liem ihiic ngudi va ciing la mgt net khu bi?t giiia ngudi dan tgc vdi dan toe kia, nen tieng Vi?t van ludn duge gin giu va kl thira cac gia dinh di cu gdc Viet bat ke lii Nam hay Bae Do nhihig nguyen nhan tren nen hign loan the gidi cd tdi hom 80 tri?u ngudi ndi tilng Vigt, nam top 15 thu tilng cd ddng ngudi ndi nhat tren the gidi' Khdng chi cd vay, Vigt Nam hi?n la mgt nude cd sd dan ddng thu 14 tren the gidi^ sau thuc hien chinh sach ddi mdi, Vi?t Nam dang la dilm thu biit dau tu nude ngoai hap din nhat khu vue Ddng Nam A, vay ea hgi giao luu va hgp tac kinh tl xa hgi giira Viet Nam va thI gidi mgt nhilu Trong qua Irinh giao luu hgp tac, ngoai viee ngudi Vigt Nam chii ddng hgc tap cac ngoai ngO khae, tilng Vi?t cung da trd cJiu ndi quan trgng giura Vi^t Nam vdi ban be qude tl Ddi vdi ngudi nude ngoai, tilng Vi?t khdng chi cdn la ngdn ngii can Ihil'l cho nhCing nha nghien cuu Vi§t Nam hgc hay nhOmg ngudi mudn lim hilu van hda Vi?t Nam, ma nd da trd ngdn ngir cin thilt cho cac thuomg gia mudn din Vi?t Nam tim ea hgi dau tu va phat triln Chinh vi nhumg le dd, ban md'l thap ky qua, sd lugng sinh vien qude tl tdi Vigt Nam hgc tilng Viet md'l nhilu, tilng Vigt cung da duge dua vao la bg mdn hgc chinh thuc tai nhilu trudng dai hgc tren the gidi 2.2 Dot tufrng hgc tiing Vift tgi Dai Loan Nhu tren da ndi, hign t^i Dai Loan cd tdi gkn 90.000 ngudi Vi?t Nam kh hdn va dinh cu tai Dai Loan NIU tinh trung binh moi cap vg chdng sinh hai com, thi cung cd tdi g k 200.000 ngudi la thI he thu hai cua ngudi Vi?t tai Dai Loam Theo thdng ke cua Bg Giao dye Dai Loan, nam hgc 2010-2011, sd lucmjg hgc sinh tilu hgc va trung hgc ea sd cd cha hoae m? la ngudi Viet Nam len td^i 71.483 hgc sinh, dd cd 7.514 hgc sinh ckp \a 63.969 hgc sinh tilu hgc, v.a eon sd se tang din hang nam (phu lyc 3)^ Theo truyin thdng va thdi quen ciiia ngudi Viet Nam di dan nude ngoai, day se chinh la doi lugng can hgc va dvgic day tilng Viet va van hda Viet Nam dk chiing ludn nhd vl ngudn gdc cua qute buong ban xu Va khdng chi cd Ibl he thu hai cac gia dinh hdn nham xuyen qude gia ma chinh cha cua chiing hoae ca dng ba cua chung cung cd nhiem Tilng Viet: http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t Viet Nam: http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam Cue Thong ke Bo Giao due Dai Loan: http://www.edu.tw/statistics/content.aspx7site_conttnt _sn=8956 88 DAY - HOC TI^NG VIET VA VAN H O A V I ^ T NAM ngudi mudn hgc tieng Viet dc hicu rd ban tieng ndi cung nhu nen van hda gdc ciia eon dau hg Ben canh dd hien d Vict Nam cd tdi bom 40.000 thuomg gia Dai Loan dang lam vice va kinh doanh tai Vict Nam, va sd se cdn tang theo cac dy an vu quy mo phat trien ciia edng ly lai Viet Nam Da sd hg la nhdng ngudi quan ly hiinh chinh hoae Id chuc san xuat, Iham chi cung cd nhieu ngudi lam nhan vien marketing cac Imh vyc lai chinh ngan hang hoae bao hiem Ddi lugng quan ly hay khach hang ciia hg chinh la ngudi Viet Nam lai Viet Nam Vi vay, hg khdng the diing thu tieng quen thudc ciia hg la tieng Hoa hay tieng Anh, ma nhat thiet phai bang tieng Viet thi mdi cd the di sau va phat trien thi trudng kinh doanh lai Viet Nam Nhu vay tieng Viet la mgt ngdn ngij can va bat bude phai ed neu nhu hg mudn phat triln lai Viet Nam Ngoai ra, lye lugng sinh vien lai cac trudng dai hgc va hgc vien tren loan Dai Loan cung la mgt ddi lugng can dac biet quan tam Vi hien nay, bdi canh qude te hda thi tieng Anh (Dai Loan ggi la tieng My) la nang lyc tat yeu ma mdi sinh vien can phai cd Tieng Nhat lai Dai Loan cung duge nhieu ngudi ua chudng va theo hgc, dd su canh Iranh giira nhirng ngudi biet su dung hai thur tieng la rat Idn Them nira, cac nen kinh te chii chdt eiia the gidi va ban than nen kinh le Dai Loan dang chdng lai thi t^i cac nude Ddng Nam A, kinh te lai dang tren da khdi sac, tao dilu kien cho cac doanh nghiep Dai Loan tdi dau tu va phat trien Do dd ngdn ngir cac nude khu vyc Dong Nam A dang trd ngdn ngir thu hai duge cac sinh vien cung nhu nhumg ngudi dang mudn lim edng vi^e lot ban ua chudng va theo hgc Trong sd cac ngdn ngir Ddng Nam A thi tilng Viet cd uru thi ban vi lieng Viet thudc he ngdn ngur Nam A va nin van hda Viet Nam cung cd nhieu net luomg ddng bom so vdi cac nen van hda khac khu vyc Ddng Nam A 2.3 rinh hinh nghien cuu cac vdn di lien quan din Vi^t Nam tgi Dai Loan Trong khudn khd dia gidi hanh chinh Dai Loan, viec nghien cuu Viet Nam cd le phai tinh din tir Irudc Thi chiln thu hai, ma Nhat Ban van cdn thdng tri Dai Loan Khi Nhat Ban cd y dinh thon linh khu vyc Ddng Nam A, hg da chuan bj ky cang bang nhirng eude dilu tra vl kinh tl xa hgi d nhumg khu vyc tir nhung nam dau lien eiia thi ky XX Liie nay, lai Dai Loan cd Trudng Dai hgc De quoc Dai BSc Nhat lap, tir nam 1918 trudng da lap Khoa Dilu tra va thu thap du lieu cua cac nude Ddng Nam A dd ed Viet Nam Khi chien Iranh kit Ihiic, Nhat Ban riil khdi Dai Loan thi nhCrng dieu tra cung cham dut, va nhij-ng ngudi nghien cuu vl Viet Nam cung dan chuyen sang nhiing ddi lugng nghien ciiu khac 89 VIET NAM HQC - KY YEU HOI THAO QUOC TE LAN THU TU Tu sau ndi chien lai Trung Qude, Qude dan Dang that bai va nil den Dai loan lap can cii dja va trd ddng minh ciia My den Irudc Viet Nam ddi imci thi nbiimg nghien cuu va sach bao xuat ban ve nhirng van de Viet Nam chia lha.nl hai mang Mgt mang cac nha nghien eiru Ueb sir van hgc Viet Nam va mgt mang ngiien cijru hoae viet sach ve chien Iranh lai Viet Nam, nhumg ngudi da phan c6 tiam gia true tiep chien dau hoae timg cd thdi gian edng tac lai Viet Nam Troniggiai doan nay, cac nha nghien cuu lich su Viet Nam ed nhieu ddng gdp nhu Tran linh Hda (PjliM^n), Chau Van Anh {^M^), La Sy Minh (SiBJi), Trinh Thuy Minh (?^P»'!iJ), Quach Thg Hoa (f|5iff^)' Trong giai doan nay, da phan cac nha ngiicn cuu deu chu trgng den quan h^ Viet Nam va Trung Qude hoae ngudi Hoa lai /iel Nam Mgt mat khac la nhumg ngudi timg sdng tai mien Nam Viet Nam tronigihdi ky chien Iranh da viet lai cam xiic ciia minh sau My va ddng minh that bai hay cac bao cao ve tinh hinh kinh le xa hgi Viet Nam Cong hda thdi ky dd Tir sau Viet Nam ddi mdi, quan he giira Viet Nam va Dai Loan lang cdi md va than thiet horn, vi vay nhumg nghien cuu ve Viet Nam cung da dan;g ion, * T * < cang cd nhieu nha nghien cuu chuyen sang nghien cuu ve Viet Nam va (dng thdi cung hudng dan nghien cuu sinh, hgc sinh ciia minh nghien cuu ve Viet >am Hien nay, cac hgc gia cd nhieu ddng gdp nghien cuu khoa hgc cd lien quan denljch su Viet Nam nhu: Trjnh VTnh Thudng (iK/1
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