Nghiên cứu chế biến sản phẩm súp hến ăn liền

CM G / MA 5*3 TRlTOfNG D A I H O C A N G I A N G • • K H O A NONG NGHIEP& T A I N G U Y E N T H I E N NHIEN BO MON C O N G N G H E T H U C PHAM P H A M T H I H O N G NHUNG N G H I E N C U U C H E B I E N SAN P H A M SUP H E N A N L I E N BAO C A O K H O A L U A N T O T NGHIEP DAI H O C • • • Nganh hoc: Cong Nghe Thuc Pham Can bo hirong dan: Ths Tran Thanh Tuan K H O A H O C : 2010-2014 TRUCNG DAI HQC AN GIANG THU VIE N An Giang, Thang 5.2014 • TRLTonVG D A I H O C AN G I A N G K H O A NONG NGHIEP & T A I N G U Y E N T H I E N NHIEN BO MON CONG NGHE T H l / C PHAM PHAM T H I HONG NHUNG N G H I E N CtTU C H E B I E N SAN P H A M SUP H E N AN L I E N BAO C A O KHOA LUAN T O T NGHIEP DAI HQC Nganh hoc: Cong Nghe Thuc Pham Long Xuyen, thang nam 2014 Giang vien hu-ang dan ThS Tran Thanh Tuan Loi cam ta Trong nhung nam hoc d trudng Dai hoc An Giang, em da hoc hoi va tiep thu dugc nhieu kien thirc bo ich nhd sir tan tinh dan day cua quy thay co giang vien trudng Dai hoc An Giang noi chung, quy thay co khoa Nong Nghiep - Tai Nguyen Thien Nhien noi rieng va dac biet la quy thay co Bo mon Cong Nghe Thuc Pham Qua thdi gian hoc tap tai trudng va nhung kien thuc thuc tien qua trinh thuc hien khoa luan tot nghiep tai phong thi nghiem trudng Dai hoc An Giang da giup em trao doi nhung kien thuc ca ban chuyen nganh va tiep thu dugc nhieu kinh nghiem thirc te quy bau Nay de tai da hoan cung vdi sir no lire cua ban than la sir dong vien giup da rat ldn cua gia dinh, nha trudng, quy thay co, ban be lap DH11TP Xin trim trgng giri lai cam on den: Cha me nhung ngudi da hi sinh ca cuoc ddi vi sir nghiep cua con, ludn lo lang, quan tarn dong vien suot qua trinh hoc tap va ren luyen Em chan cam on quy thay co trudng Dai hgc An Giang, khoa Nong Nghiep - Tai Nguyen Thien Nhien, Bo mon Cong Nghe Thuc Pham da trang bi day du kien thuc suot nhung nam hgc vira qua, nhd em co the van dung de thirc hien tot de tai khoa luan Em xin gui ldi cam on sau sac den thay Tran Thanh Tuan, thay da tan tinh hudng dan, chi day va giup dd em suot thdi gian thirc hien de tai khoa luan tot nghiep Em cung chan cam on cac thay/co can bo phu trach phong thi nghiem da giup va tao dieu kien cho em suot thdi gian hoan thi nghiem Xin gui ldi cam on den cac ban sinh vien lap DH11TP va CD37TP da nhiet tinh dong gdp va giup dd toi hoan khoa luan Xin chan cam on! Long Xuyen, 05 thang 05 nam 2014 Sinh vien thirc hien Pham Thj Hong Nhung i Tom luge Hen la mot nguon nguyen lieu doi dao, de tim va re nhung co gia tri kinh te rat thap, co the cung cap cho ca the mot nguon chat dinh dudng doi dao dac biet la protein (4,5%), lipid (0,7%), cac loai chat khoang va vitamin can thiet cho ca the Ngay nay, hen chua dugc su dung bien va rong rai nguyen nhan la moi ngudi chua khai thac va su dung mot each hieu qua nguon nguyen lieu doi dao Hen chu yeu dugc dung de che bien mot so thuc an dan da hang nhu: canh hen, chao hen, com hen, Ngoai ra, hen dugc sir dung de chua mot so benh rat co hieu qua Do do, viec chon nguyen lieu hen lam nguyen lieu de san xuat sup hen de tai se gop phan lam tang gia tri su dung cua hen dong thai da dang hoa san pham, tao mot san pham thirc pham mdi tir nguyen lieu tir nhien dap img nhu cau tieu dung cua ngudi tieu dung, an toan ve mat vi sinh, co lgi cho sue khde ngudi Noi dung nghien ciru bao gom: - Khao sat ham lugng thit hen va ham lugng ca rot bo sung anh hudng den chat lugng san pham Ham lugng thit hen bo sung dugc khao sat d cac mire 1%, 3%, 5% ciing vdi ham lugng ca rot d cac mire 2%, 4%, 6% so vdi khoi lugng san pham - Khao sat anh hudng ham lugng hot nang den chat lugng san pham Ham lugng hot nang bo sung theo cac muc 1%, 3%, 5% so vdi khoi lugng san pham - Khao sat kha nang bao quan san pham bang kalisorbate (vdi ty le 0,2%) ket hgp vdi bao goi chan khong, va anh hudng cua bao bi chan khong den sir thay doi chat lugng va kha nang bao quan san pham Qua qua trinh khao sat va thirc hien de tai, tdi co nhung ket luan sau: - Ham lugng thit hen bo sung 5% va ham lugng ca rot bo sung 4% cho san pham co dat gia tri cam quan va dinh dudng cao nhat - Bo sung 3% ham lugng hot nang se cho san pham dat gia tri cam quan cao nhat, co trang thai (do nhdt) phii hgp nhat, dac trung cho san pham, ket hgp vdi cac phan khac tao san pham co mau sac, miii vj hai hoa va co muc ua thich cao nhat - De keo dai thai gian bao quan san pham, tien hanh bd sung kali sorbate vdi ti le 0,2% va bao goi chan khong san pham bao quan d nhiet thap (13 - 15°C) ii Muc luc N§i dung Trang Ldi cam ta i Tom luge ii Muc luc iii Danh sach bang vi Danh sach hinh viii Chirong 1: Gioi thieu 1.1 Dat van de 1.2 Muc tieu nghien cuu 1.3 Noi dung nghien cuu Chirong 2: Lucre khao tai lieu 2.1 Nguyen lieu che bien 2.1.1 H l n 2.1.1.1 Gidi thieu chung 2.1.1.2 Thanh phan hoa hgc cua thit hen 2.1.2 Trung ga 1.3 Thit heo 1.4 Nude 1.5 Cardt 1.5.1 Gidi thieu chung 1.5.2 Dac tinh sinh hoc cua ca rot 1.5.3 Thanh phan hoa hoc 10 1.5.4 Bien ddi cua nguyen lieu ca rot qua trinh che bien nhiet 12 1.5.4.1 Cac hgp chat carotenoid 12 1.5.4.2 Cac hgp chat peptin 12 1.5.4.3 Cac vitamin 13 1.5.4.4 Cac hgp chit khac 13 1.6 Gia vj va phu gia su dung 13 1.6.1 Dudng 13 1.6.2 Bdtnggt 13 1.6.3 Mudi 14 1.6.4 Kali sorbate 14 2.2 Bao bi 14 iii 2.3 Cac nghien cuu lien quan 15 Chirong 3: Phirong tien va phirong phap nghien ciru 16 3.1 Phuang tien nghien cuu 16 3.1.1 Dia diem va thai gian thi nghiem 16 3.1.2 Nguyen lieu 16 3.1.3 Hoa chat su dung 16 3.1.4 Thilt bj sudung 16 3.2 Phuang phap nghien cuu 16 3.2.1 Phuang phap thu thap va xu ly so lieu 16 3.2.2 Quy trinh che bien sup hen du kien 18 3.2.3 Thuyet minh quy trinh 18 3.2.3.1 Nguyen lieu 18 3.2.3.1.1 Hdn 18 3.2.3.1.2 Trung ga 18 3.2.3.1.3 Thit nacheo 18 3.2.3.1.4 Cardt 19 3.2.3.2 Phdi trdn va gia nhiet 19 3.2.3.3 Vao bao bi, dong goi chan khong 19 3.2.4 Noi dung thi nghiem 19 3.2.4.1 Thi nghiem 19 3.2.4.2 ™ nghiem 21 3.2.4.3 ™ nghiem 22 Chirong 4: Ket qua va thao luan 24 4.1 Anh hucmg cua ham lugng thit hen va ca rot bd sung den gia tri cam quan cua san pham 24 4.1.1 Anh hudng cua ham lugng thit hen bd sung 24 4.1.2 Anh hudng cua ham lugng ca rot bd sung 25 4.1.3 Anh hudng cua ham lugng thjt hen va ca rot bd sung 26 4.2 Thanh phan dinh dudng 27 4.3 Anh hudng cua ham lugng hot nang bd sung den chat lugng cua san pham 28 4.3.1 Anh hudng cua ham lugng bdt nang bd sung den gia tri cam quan cua san pham 28 4.3.2 Anh hudng cua ham lugng bdt nang bd sung den dd nhdt cua san pham 30 4.4 Sir bien ddi chat lugng theo thai gian bao quan 30 4.5 Thanh phan cua san pham sup hen an lien 33 iv Chirong 5: Ket luan va kien nghi 35 5.1 K i t luan 35 5.2 Kien nghi 36 Tai lieu tham khao 37 Phu chirong pel Phu chirong A: Mot so hinh anh qua trinh nghien ciru pel Phu chirong B: Phirong phap danh gia cam quan pc2 Phu chirong C: Cac phirong phap phan tich pc4 Phu chirong D: Ket qua phan tich cac thi nghiem pc9 v Danh sach bang STT Noi dung Trang Bang 1: Thanh phln dinh dudng OOg thit hen Bang 2: Thanh phan dinh duang thit Bang 3: Chi tieu vi sinh vat cua nuoc Bang 4: Chi tieu cam quan va phan vo ca cua nude Bang 5: Thanh phan dinh duang lOOg ca rot tuoi 11 Bang 6: Thanh phan hoa hoc cua muoi 14 Bang 7: Phuang phap phan tich cac chi tieu 17 Bang 8: Ket qua thong ke diem cam quan ham lugng thit hen bo sung 24 Bang 9: Ket qua thong ke diem cam quan ham lugng ca rot bo sung 25 Bang 10: Ket qua thong ke diem cam quan ham lugng thit hen va ca rot bo sung 26 Bang 11: Ket qua gia tri dinh duang theo ham lugng thit hen bo sung 27 Bang 12: Ket qua gia tri dinh dudng theo ham lugng ca rot bo sung 27 Bang 13: Ket qua gia tri dinh dudng theo ham lugng thit hen va ca rot bo sung 28 Bang 14: Ket qua thong ke diem cam quan ham lugng hot nang bo sung 29 Bang 15: Ket qua nhdt theo ham lugng hot nang bd sung 30 Bang 16: Ket qua quan sat sir xuat hien nam mdc theo thai gian bao quan 31 Bang 17: Thong ke diem cam quan san pham theo thai gian bao quan (mau co bd sung kali sorbate) 31 Bang 18: Thong ke diem cam quan san pham theo thai gian bao quan (mau khong co bd sung kali sorbate) 32 Bang 19: Thanh phan dinh dudng cua san pham sup hen an lien 33 Bang 20: Ket qua phan tich chi tieu N H va peroxide 33 Bang 21: Thang diem md ta pc2 Bang 22: Muc dd ua thich theo thang diem hedonic cho san pham sup hen an lien pc3 Bang 23: Bang tinh ty le dudng pc5 Bang 24: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua ham lugng thjt hen va ca rot den mau sac cua san pham pc9 Bang 25: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua ham lugng thit hen va ca rot den mui vi cua san pham pclO Bang 26: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua ham lugng thit hen va ca rot den trang thai cua san pham pel2 Bang 27: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua ham lugng thjt hen va ca rot den muc ua thich cua san pham pel4 vi Bang 28: ket qua thong ke anh hudng ciia ham lugng hen va ca rot den ham lugng protid cua san pham pel5 Bang 29: ket qua thong ke anh hudng ciia ham lugng hen va ca rot den ham lugng lipid cua san pham pel6 Bang 30: ket qua thong ke anh hudng cua ham lugng hen va ca rot den ham lugng chat khd hoa tan (brix) cua san pham pel7 Bang 31: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua ham lugng hot nang den mau sac ciia san pham pc 18 Bang 32: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng ciia ham lugng hot nang den mui vi ciia san pham pel8 Bang 33: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua ham lugng hot nang den trang thai cua san pham pc 19 Bang 34: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng ciia ham lugng hot nang den muc ua thich cua san pham pel9 Bang 35: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua ham lugng hot nang den nhdt cua san pham pc20 Bang 36: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng ciia thdi gian bao quan den mau sac ciia san pham (mau co bo sung kali sorbate) pc20 Bang 37: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng ciia thdi gian bao quan den mui vj ciia san pham (mau co bd sung kali sorbate) pc21 Bang 38: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua thdi gian bao quan den trang thai ciia san pham (mau cd bd sung kali sorbate) pc22 Bang 39: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua thdi gian bao quan den mau sac cua san pham (mau khong cd bd sung kali sorbate) pc22 Bang 40: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua thdi gian bao quan den mui vi cua san pham (mau khong cd bd sung kali sorbate) pc23 Bang 41: Ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hudng cua thdi gian bao quan den trang thai ciia san pham (mau khong co bd sung kali sorbate) pc24 vii Danh sach hinh STT Noi dung Trang Hinh l:HSn Hinh 2: Mon an tu hen Hinh 3: Trung ga Hinh 4: Thjt heo Hinh5:Ca rot Hinh 6: Quy trinh du kien che bien sup hen 18 Hinh 7: So bo tri thi nghiem 20 Hinh 8: So bo tri thi nghiem 22 Hinh 9: Sa bo tri thi nghiem 23 Hinh 10: Bilu dd bidu dien gai tri cam quan cua ham lugng thit hen va ca rot bo sung den chat lugng san pham 26 Hinh 11: Bao bi san pham sup hen an lien 34 Hinh 12: San pham sup hen an lien 34 Hinh 13: San pham sup hen an lien bao goi chan khong 34 Hinh 14: Quy trinh che bien sup hen an lien 35 Hinh 15: Tu sly pel Hinh 16: Bdp dien pel Hinh 17: May dp nhat va cac dau dp nhdt pel Hinh 18: Can phan tich (4 sd) pel Hinh 19: Can phan tich (2 so) pel viii Analysis of Variance for Mau Sac - Type I I I Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value Between groups 156,763 19,5954 0,0000 Within groups 239,033 261 0,915837 TOTAL (Corr.) 395,796 269 21,40 Multiple Range Tests for Mau Sac by Ket Hop Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups l%-2% 30 2,13333 0,174722 X l%-4% 30 2,33333 0,174722 XX l%-6% 30 2,46667 0,174722 XX 3% - 2% 30 2,66667 0,174722 X 3% - 4% 30 3,46667 0,174722 X 3% - 6% 30 3,7 0,174722 XX 5% - 2% 30 3,76667 0,174722 XX 5% - 6% 30 3,96667 0,174722 XX 5% - 4% 30 4,33333 0,174722 X Method: 95,0 percent LSD Hen va Ca rot Bang 25: ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hirong cua ham lugng hen va ca rot den miii vj cua san pham Analysis of Variance for Mui V i - Type I I I Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value A:Hen 146,274 73,137 67,96 0,0000 B:Carot 13,3852 6,69259 6,22 0,0023 RESIDUAL 285,17 265 1,07611 TOTAL (CORRECTED) 444,83 269 pclO Multiple Range Tests for Mui V i by Hen Method: 95,0 percent LSD Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups- Hen 90 2,27778 0,109347 X 90 3,36667 0,109347 X 90 4,06667 0,109347 X Multiple Range Tests for Mui V i by Ca rot Method: 95,0 percent LSD Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups Ca rot 90 2,92222 0,109347 X 90 3,38889 0,109347 X 90 3,4 0,109347 X Analysis of Variance for Mui V i - Type I I I Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square Between groups 173,63 21,7037 Within groups 271,2 261 1,03908 TOTAL (Corr.) 444,83 269 F-Ratio 20,89 P-Value 0,0000 pell Multiple Range Tests for Mui Vi by Ket Hop Method: 95,0 percent LSD Hen va Ca rot Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups l%-2% 30 2,06667 0,186108 X l%-4% 30 2,36667 0,186108 XX l%-6% 30 2,4 0,186108 XX 3% - 2% 30 2,8 0,186108 X 3% - 4% 30 3,36667 0,186108 X 5% - 6% 30 3,86667 0,186108 XX 5% - 2% 30 3,9 0,186108 X 3% - 6% 30 3,93333 0,186108 XX 5% - 4% 30 4,43333 0,186108 X Bang 26: ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hu*6ng cua ham luon g hen va ca rot den trang thai cua san pham Analysis of Variance for Trang Thai - Type III Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P- Value A:Hen 188,356 94,1778 120,44 0,0000 B:Carot 25,4 12,7 16,24 0,0000 RESIDUAL 207,211 265 0,781929 TOTAL (CORRECTED) 420,967 269 Multiple Range Tests for Trang Thai by Hen Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups 90 2,14444 0,09321 X 90 3,83333 0,09321 X 90 3,98889 0,09321 X Method: 95,0 percent LSD Hen pcl2 Multiple Range Tests for Trang Thai by Ca rot Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups 90 2,88889 0,09321 X 90 3,52222 0,09321 X 90 3,55556 0,09321 X Method: 95,0 percent LSD Carot Analysis of Variance for Trang Thai • Type I I I Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value Between groups 230,2 28,775 0,0000 Within groups 190,767 261 0,730907 TOTAL (Corr.) 420,967 269 39,37 Multiple Range Tests for Trang Thai by Ket Hop Method: 95,0 percent LSD Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups Hen va Ca rot l%-4% 30 1,96667 0,156088 X l%-2% 30 2,13333 0,156088 X l%-6% 30 2,33333 0,156088 X 3% - 2% 30 3,13333 0,156088 X 5% - 2% 30 3,4 0,156088 X 5% - 6% 30 4,1 0,156088 X 3% - 6% 30 4,13333 0,156088 X 3% - 4% 30 4,23333 0,156088 X 5% - 4% 30 4,46667 0,156088 X pel Bang 27: ket qua danh gia cam quan anh hirong cua ham lugng hen va ca rot den muc ua thich cua san pham Analysis of Variance for MDUT - Type I I I Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value A:Hen 162,489 81,2444 98,14 0,0000 B:Ca rot 29,6 14,8 17,88 0,0000 RESIDUAL 219,378 265 0,827841 TOTAL (CORRECTED) 411,467 269 Multiple Range Tests for MDUT by Hen Method: 95,0 percent LSD Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups- Hen 90 5,88889 0,0959074 X 90 7,26667 0,0959074 X 90 7,71111 X 0,0959074 Multiple Range Tests for MDUT by Ca rot Method: 95,0 percent LSD Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups 90 6,48889 0,0959074 X 90 7,15556 0,0959074 X 90 7,22222 0,0959074 X Ca rot Analysis of Variance for MDUT - Type I I I Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value Between groups 197,533 24,6917 0,0000 Within groups 213,933 261 0,819668 TOTAL (Corr.) 411,467 269 30,12 pcl4 Multiple Range Tests for MDUT by Hen va Ca rot Method: 95,0 percent LSD Count Hen va Ca rot LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups l%-2% 30 5,53333 0,165294 X l%-4% 30 6,03333 0,165294 X l%-6% 30 6,1 0,165294 X 3% - 2% 30 6,7 0,165294 X 5% - 2% 30 7,23333 0,165294 X 3% - 4% 30 7,43333 0,165294 XX 3% - 6% 30 7,66667 0,165294 XX 5% - 6% 30 7,7 0,165294 X 5% - 4% 30 8,2 0,165294 X Bang 28: ket qua thong ke anh hirong cua ham lirong hen va ca rot den ham lirong protid cua san pham Analysis of Variance for protid - Type III Sums of Squares Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value Source M A I N EFFECTS 0.00622889 12840.97 0.0000 A:hen 0.0124578 0.00000444444 0.00000222222 4.58 0.0115 B:ca rot 0.0000848889 4.85079E-7 RESIDUAL 175 0.0125471 179 TOTAL (CORRECTED) Multiple Range Tests for protid by hen Method: 95.0 percent LSD hen Count LS Mean LS Sigma Homogeneous Groups 60 0.0616667 0.0000899147 X 60 0.073 0.0000899147 X 60_