They are nuclear power, solar energy, water power, wind power, geothermal heat.. I think solar energy is the most potential.[r]
(1)UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY Các nguồn lượng *Vocabulary
1 alternative /ɔ:l'tɜ:nətiv/ (a) : thay at the same time (exp) : lúc available /ə'veiləbl/ (a) : sẵn có
4 coal /kəʊl/ (n) : than đá
5 dam /dæm/ (n) : đập (ngăn nước)
6 electricity /i,lek'trisəti/ (n) : điện energy /'enədʒi/ (n) : lượng exhausted /ig'zɔ:stid/ (a) : cạn kiệt
9 fossil fuel /'fɒsl fju:əl/ (n) : nhiên liệu hóa thạch 10 geothermal heat (n) : địa nhiệt
11 infinite /'infinət/ (a) : vô hạn
12 make use of (exp) : tận dụng
13 nuclear energy (a) : lượng hạt nhân 14 plentiful /'plentifl/ (a) : nhiều
15 power demand (n) : nhu cầu sử dụng điện 16 release /ri'li:s/ (v) : phóng
17 reserve /ri'zɜ:v/ (n) : trữ lượng
18 solar energy (n) : ượng mặt trời
19 solar panel (n) : thu lượng mặt trời 20 windmill /'wind:mill/ (n) : cối xay gió
21 abundant [ə'bʌndənt] (a) : dồi dào, phong phú 22 convenient [kən'vi:njənt] (a) : tiện lợi
23 enormous [i'nɔ:məs] (a) : to lớn, khổng lồ 24 harmful [hɑ:mful] (a) : có hại
25 hydroelectricity [,haidrouilek'trisiti] (n) : thủy điện
26 nuclear reactor ['nju:kliə [ri:'æktə] (n) : phản ứng hạt nhân 27 radiation [,reidi'ei∫n] (n) : phóng xạ
28 renewable [ri'nju:əbl] (a) : thay 29 run out [rʌn'aut] (v) : cạn kiệt
(2)31 as can be seen [si:n] (exp) : thấy 32 consumption [kən'sʌmp∫n] (n) : tiêu thụ
33 make up ['meikʌp] (v) : chiếm (số lượng) 34 conduct ['kɔndʌkt] (v) : tiến hành
35 experiment [iks'periment] (n) : thí nghiệm 36 extraordinary [iks'trɔ:dnri] (a) : lạ thường
37 overlook [,ouvə'luk] (v) : nhìn 38 progress ['prougres] (n) : tiến triển 39 research [ri'sə:t∫, ] (v) : nghiên cứu 40 surround [sə'raund] (v) : bao quanh * PASSAGE
At present, most of our energy comes from fossil fuels (oil, coal, and natural gas) However, such reserves are limited Because power demand is increasing very rapidly, fossil fuels will be exhausted within a relatively short time Therefore, people must develop and use alternative sources of energy
One alternative source is nuclear energy Nuclear energy can provide enough electricity for the world’s needs for hundreds of years, but it can be very dangerous Another alternative source of energy is geothermal heat, which comes from deep inside the earth Scientists use this heat to make energy However, this energy is available only in a few places in the world
The sun, water, and the wind are other alternative sources of energy The wind turns windmills and moves sailboats It is a clean source of energy, and there is lots of it Unfortunately, if the wind does not blow, there is no wind energy When water moves from a high place to a lower place, it makes energy This energy is used to create electricity Water power gives energy without pollution However, people have to build dams to use this energy And as dams cost a lot of money, water energy is expensive
The sun releases large amounts of energy every day This energy can be changed into electricity Many countries use solar energy for their daily life Solar panels on the roofs of houses can create enough energy to heat or cool an entire house Solar energy is not only plentiful and infinite but also clean and safe
(3)Hướng dẫn dịch:
Hiện nguồn lượng từ nhiên liệu hóa thạch (dầu, than đá khí thiên nhiên) Tuy nhiên trữ lượng hạn chế Vì nhu cầu điện gia tăng nhanh, nhiên liệu hóa thạch bị cạn kiệt khoảng thời gian tương đối ngắn Do người ta phải phát triển sử dụng nguồn lượng thay
Một nguồn lượng thay lượng hạt nhân Năng lượng hạt nhân cung cấp đủ số điện cho nhu cầu giới hàng trăm năm, nguy hiểm Một nguồn lượng thay khác địa nhiệt, lấy từ lòng trái đất Các nhà khoa học dùng sức nóng để tạo lượng Tuy nhiên loại lượng có vài nơi giới mà thơi
Mặt trời, nước gió nguồn lượng thay khác Gió chạy máy xay gió thuyền buồm Nó nguồn lượng lại có nhiều Nhưng rủi thay, khơng có gió, ta khơng có lượng Nước chảy từ cao xuống thấp tạo lượng Năng lượng dùng để tạo điện Thủy điện cho lượng không gây ô nhiễm Tuy nhiên, ta phải xây đập để sử dụng lượng Đập nước tốn nên thủy điện đắt tiền
Mặt trời giải phóng lượng lớn lượng ngày Năng lượng chuyển thành điện Nhiều quốc gia dùng lượng mặt trời cho sống hàng ngày Các bảng thu nhiệt từ mặt trời mái nhà tạo đủ lượng để sưởi ấm hay làm mát tồn ngơi nhà Năng lượng mặt trời nhiều vô tận mà cịn an tồn
(4)Đáp án tập SGK
Task The words in the box all appear in the passage Fill each blank with a suitable word (Use a dictionary when neeessary).
1 Six hundred balloons were released at the ceremony They are looking for alternative methods of making it
3 People use energy to run machines, heat and cool their homes The food in the restaurant is cheap, but the choice is rather limited Fuel supplies are nearly exhausted
Task Scan the passage and write down the advaniage(s) and disadvantage(s) of each alternative source of enerey.
Source of energy Advantages Disadvantages
Nuclear power it's unlimited It can be very dangerous
Solar energy It's available It's not only plentiful and infinite but also clean and safe
It's only possible when it's sunny
Water power It's clean and unlimited It's expensive
Wind power It's clean and unlimited There's no wind energy when there is no wind
Geothermal heat It's available It's available only in a few places Task Answer the questions.
1 Our major source of energy comes from fossil fuels
2 Five sources of energy are mentioned in the text They are nuclear power, solar energy, water power, wind power, geothermal heat I think solar energy is the most potential
(5)I Choose the words that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the others.
1 a exhaust b source c enormous d cause
2 a sun b solar c safe d sure
3 a heat b great c release d reach
4 a geothermal b power c solar d hydro
5 a polluted b consume c nuclear d fuel
II.Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
6 The amount of solar energy that reaches the earth depends the atmosphere
a to b in c on d with
7 The natural environment consists all natural resources
a in b of c to d on
8 Solar energy can be changed electricity
a in b to c into d for
9 Oil, coal and natural gas are fuels made from decayed material from animal or plants a unleaded b smokeless c solid d fossil 10 A nuclear reactor releases which is dangerous to the environment
a radiation b heat c energy d carbon dioxide 11 We could make better of our energy resources
a spend b use c need d limit
12 The government has spent £1 million on an advertising to encourage energy conservation
a campaign b promotion c operation d enterprise 13 All fossil fuels are resources that cannot be replaced after use
a unlimited b renewable c available d non-renewable 14 Solar energy is not only plentiful and infinite but also clean and safe
a boundless b unlimited c uncountable d inflexible 15 Many newer cars have a much lower fuel
a consuming b consumer c consummation d consumption
READING
* Circle the item among A, B, C or D that best answers the question about the passage.
Energy is fundamental to human beings, especially to poor people – the one- third of humanity that does not have modern energy supplies like electricity, with which their life could be improve
(6)The tendency to use renewable energy sources is on the increase when non-renewable ones are running out In the near, people in the developing countries may use wind or sea waves as the environment-friendly energy sources
16 What is the role of energy to human beings?
a unimportant b unnecessary c necessary d fundamental 17.What poor people in countryside to have energy?
a They look for coal b They gather fuel wood c They look for oil d They use gas cookers 18 How long does it take to gather fuel wood in the countryside?
a Not much time b A lot of time c Very little time d Half an hour a day 19 According to the passage, what energy sources poor people often use for fuel?
A oil B wood C nuclear energy D petrol
20 What is the main use of biogas?
a It is used mainly for cooking and heating b It is mainly used for lighting
c It is mainly used for operating d It is mainly used for producing in factories
21 According to the passage, what is the most awful effect of using fuel wood? a It causes indoor air pollution b It may cause fire
c It damages their houses d It affects the local scenery 22.Why, according to the passage, is biogas introduced to poor people?
a Because it is easy to use b Because it is not harmful c Because they like it
d Because it is the largest energy resources available in the countryside and cheap 23 What, according to the passage, are the main advantages of using biogas? a It is smoke-free
b It costs almost nothing
c It is clean because it is smoke-free and costs almost nothing d It is clean
24 The tendency to use renewable energy sources
(7)ANSWERS:
I Choose the words that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the others.
1.a exhaust b source c enormous d cause /ig'zɔ:st/ /sɔ:s/ /i'nɔ:məs/ /kɔ:z/
2.a sun b solar c safe d sure
/ˈsʌn/ /ˈsoʊlɚ/ /ˈseɪf/ /∫ʊə[r]/
3.a heat b great c release d reach
/'hi:t/ /greit/ /ri'li:s/ /ri:t∫/
4.a geothermal b power c solar d hydro
/ˌʤiːjoʊˈɵɚməl/ /'paʊə[r]/ /'səʊlə[r]/ /'haidrou/ 5.a polluted b consume c nuclear d fuel
/pə'lu:t/ /kən'sju:m/ /'nju:kliə[r]/ /'fju:əl/
II.Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
6.The amount of solar energy that reaches the earth depends the atmosphere
a to b in c depend on : phụ thuộc d with
7.The natural environment consists all natural resources
a in b consist of : bao gồm c to
d on
8 Solar energy can be changed electricity
a in b to c change into : chuyển thành d for Oil, coal and natural gas are fuels made from decayed material from animal or
plants a unleaded b smokeless c solid d fossil fuels: nhiên liệu hóa thạch
10 A nuclear reactor releases which is dangerous to the environment
a radiation : phóng xạ b heat c energy d carbon dioxide 11 We could make better of our energy resources
a spend b make use of : tận dụng c need d limit 12 The government has spent £1 million on an advertising to encourage energy
conservation
a campaign : chiến dịch b promotion : thúc đẩy c operation : vận hành d enterprise: công việc kinh doanh
13 All fossil fuels are resources that cannot be replaced after use a unlimited b renewable c available d non-renewable 14 Solar energy is not only plentiful and infinite but also clean and safe a boundless b unlimited c uncountable d inflexible 15 Many newer cars have a much lower fuel
(8)READING
* Circle the item among A, B, C or D that best answers the question about the passage.
Energy is fundamental to human beings(16), especially to poor people – the one- third of humanity that does not have modern energy supplies like electricity, with which their life could be improve
Many people who live in countryside have to gather fuel wood.(17, 19) This takes a lot of time (18)Moreover, it causes air pollution inside houses because of heavy smoke(21) For many people living in rural areas in developing countries of the world, biogas is the large energy resources available and costs almost nothing The main use of biogas is for cooking and heating As biogas is smoke-free,(23) it helps solve the problem of indoor air pollution Moreover, plant waste and animal manure cost almost nothing.(22)
The tendency to use renewable energy sources is on the increase (24) when non-renewable ones are running out In the near, people in the developing countries may use wind or sea waves as the environment-friendly energy sources.(25)
16 What is the role of energy to human beings?
a unimportant b unnecessary c necessary d fundamental 17 What poor people in countryside to have energy?
a They look for coal b They gather fuel wood c They look for oil d They use gas cookers 18 How long does it take to gather fuel wood in the countryside?
a Not much time b A lot of time c Very little time d Half an hour a day 19 According to the passage, what energy sources poor people often use for fuel?
A oil B wood C nuclear energy D petrol
20 What is the main use of biogas?
a It is used mainly for cooking and heating b It is mainly used for lighting
c It is mainly used for operating d It is mainly used for producing in factories
21 According to the passage, what is the most awful effect of using fuel wood? a It causes indoor air pollution b It may cause fire
c It damages their houses d It affects the local scenery
22.Why, according to the passage, is biogas introduced to poor people? a Because it is easy to use
b Because it is not harmful c Because they like it
d Because it is the largest energy resources available in the countryside and cheap 23 What, according to the passage, are the main advantages of using biogas?
a It is smoke-free b It costs almost nothing
c It is clean because it is smoke-free and costs almost nothing d It is clean
24 The tendency to use renewable energy sources
a goes up = increase b goes down c fluctuates d levels
25 What, according to the passage, may be used as the environment-friendly energy sources/
(9)