-The teacher told the boys………... “How many jobs have you had since 2000?” the interviewer asked Mr. “Why didn’t you report the incident to the police?” the officer asked the frightened w[r]
(1)Name:……….
BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP VỀ CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT “Open the door,” he said to them
-He told them “Where are you going?” he asked her
-He asked her where “Which way did they go?” he asked
-He asked “Bring it back if it doesn’t fit”, I said to her
-I told “Don’t try to open it now,” she said to us
-She told “Is it going to be a fine day today?” I asked her
-I asked her “He’s not at home”, she said
-She said that “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked
-The girl wanted to know “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said
-Tom told Ann 10 “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her
(2)-Thomas asked Jean 12 Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said
-I told Mary 13 “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said
- She said that 14 “I’ll pay him if I can” she said
-She said that 15 “What are you going to next summer?” she asked
- She asked us 16 “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack
-He told Jack that 17 “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked
-Tom asked Jean 18 “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said
-He said that 19 “Don’t keep the door locked,” he said to us
-He told us 20 “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him
-I asked him how long 21 “Are you going by train?” she asked me
-She wanted to know 22 “Don’t use too much hot water,” she said to us
(3)23 “Will you come to my party?” she said to me
-She invited me 24 “Don’t it again,” she said to them
- She told them 25 “ DidMr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked
-She asked 26 “Don’t get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said
-She told 27 “What you want for lunch today, Peter?” Mary asked
-Mary asked 28 “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter
- Peter asked if 29 “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager -The office manager wondered 30 “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John
-John advised Elizabeth 31 “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John
-John accused 32 “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary
-Mary accused 33 “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse to Mrs Bingley
(4)-The doctor advised 35 “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to himself
-Tim wondered 36 “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan
-Paul apologized 37 “When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?” Martha asked
- Martha asked Peter when 38 “Can I have a new bicycle?” said Anna to her mother
-Anna asked 39 “Don’t leave the house until I get back, William”, his mother said
- William’s mother told 40 “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs Rogers to her son
-Mrs Rogers told 41 “I’ve seen the film three times, Mary” said George
-George said 42 “I’m sorry, Angela,” said Martin, “I’m afraid I’ve damaged your car -Martin apologized 43 “Have you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us
-The landlady asked 44 “ John, please don’t tell anyone my new address,” said Mary -Mary asked 45 “Breakfast will not be served after 30” said the notice
(5)46 “Where is the best place to buy souvenirs?”
-I asked 47 “Don’t forget to bring your passport with you tomorrow”
- She reminded me 48 “Do not write on the wall,” said the teacher to the boys
-The teacher told the boys……… 49 “How many jobs have you had since 2000?” the interviewer asked Mr Simpson - The interviewer asked
50 “Why didn’t you report the incident to the police?” the officer asked the frightened witness - The officer wanted to know
51 "If I were you,I wouldn't buy this car"
- He advised 52 "Shall I carry your suitcase,Lan?"said Nam
- Nam offered 53 "Yes,allright,I'll share the food with you,Dave."
- Ann agreed 54 "Sue,can you remember to buy some bread?"
- Paul reminded 55 "Don't touch anything in this room",the man said to the children
- The man ordered 56 "I must go home to make the dinner",said Mary
(6)- Tom asked 58 "Have you finished your homework?"Mom asked
- Mom asked if 59 She said to me:"I can't it by myself"
- She told me that 60 "Does your brother live in London,Nam?"Lan asked
- Lan wanted to know if 61 "Don't repeat this mistake again."his father warned him
- His father warned him 62 "Give me a smile,"The photographer said to me
- The 63 "Don't leave these book on the table" ,the librarian said to the students
- The librarian told the students……… 64 "Have you travelled abroad much?"he asked me
- He 65 "Who has written this note?" the boss asked the secretary
- The boss asked 66 "I have just received a postcard from my sister,"my friend said to me
- My friend told me 67 "This story happened long ago"he said
(7)Đápán
1 He told them to open the door He asked her where she was going He asked me which way they had gone I told her to bring it back if it didn’t fit She told us not to try to open it then
6 I asked her whether/ if it was going to be a fine day that day She said that he was not at home
8 The girl wanted to know whether/ if the bus station was far away Tom told Ann not to stay out late
10 He asked her to let him borrow her car
11 Thomas asked Jean whether/if she had seen his gloves 12 I told Mary not to leave the window open
13 She said that she would have a cup of tea with me 14 She said that she would pay him if she could
15 She asked us what we were going to the following summer 16 He told Jack that he would phone him the following day 17 Tom asked Jean whether/if he could sit beside her
18 He said that he wanted a camera for his birthday 19 He told us not to keep the door locked
20 I asked him how long he was going to stay
(8)23 She invited me to come to her party 24 She told them not to it again
25 She asked whether/ if Mr Brown sent the potatoes to me 26 She told the boys not to get their shoes dirty
27 Mary asked what Peter wanted for lunch that day
28 Peter asked Janet whether/ if he could borrow her typewriter
29 The office manager wondered why he hadn’t got a computer before 30 John advised Elizabeth not to lend him any more money
31 John accused Amanda of stealing his best cassette 32 Mary accused John of damaging her bicycle
33 The nurse asked Mrs Bingley when her little boy had been born 34 The doctor advised Mr Robert to take more exercise
35 Tim wondered whether/ if he would find a job
36 Paul apologized to Susan for giving her the wrong number 37 Martha asked Peter when the first day of his holiday was
38 Anna asked her mother whether/ if she could have a new bicycle 39 William’s mother told him not to leave the house until she got back 40 Mrs Rogers told her son not to bite his nails
41 George said to Mary that he had seen the film three times 42 Martin apologized to Angela for having damaged her car 43 The landlady asked us whether/if we had had enough for lunch 44 Mary asked John not to tell anyone her new address
(9)46 I asked where the best place to buy souvenirs was
47 She reminded me to bring my passport with me the following day 48 The teacher told the boys not to write on the wall
49 The interviewer asked Mr Simpson how many jobs he had had since 2000
50 The officer wanted to know why the frightened witness hadn’t reported the incident to the police
51 He advised me not to buy that car 52 Nam offered to carry Lan's suitcase 53 Ann agreed to share the food with Dave 54 Paul reminded Sue to buy some bread
55 The man ordered the children not to touch anything in that room 56 Mary said that she had to go home to make the dinner
57 Tom asked me if/whether I was going to Ho Chi Minh City the next week/the following week 58 Mom asked if I had finished my homework
59 She told me that she couldn't it by herself
60 Lan wanted to know if Nam's brother lived in London 61 His father warned him not to repeat that mistake again 62 The photographer told me to give a smile
63 The librarian told the student not to leave those books on the table 64 He asked me if I had travelled abroad much
65 The boss asked the secretary who had written that note
(10)CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT Các thay đổi nội dung
1)Thay đổi người:
Trong sách văn phạm người ta thường nói : ngơi thứ đổi thành gì, ngơi thứ hai đổi thành … Thật tình mà nói q trình giảng dạy tơi thấy nhiều em hồn tồn khơng hiểu khái niệm “ ngơi thứ nhất” “ ngơi thứ hai” ! Từ “thực tế phủ phàng” thống khơng dùng khái niệm “ngơi” ngiếc hết, mà em cần nhớ “câu thần chú” đủ:
TƠI đổi thành NGƯỜI NĨI BẠN đổi thành NGƯỜI NGHE
TÔI em phải hiểu bao gồm tất đại từ mà dịch tiếng việt có chữ TƠI ,bao gồm : I : (chủ từ), my : tôi, me : (túc từ) Tương tự chữ BẠN vậy, bao gồm : you : bạn (chủ từ), your : bạn, you : bạn (túc từ)
Lưu ý đổi thành người nghe hay người nói em phải dùng đại từ khơng lặp lại tên hay danh từ
Ví dụ:
My mother said to me “ I will give you a present.”
I : tơi => người nói : my mother không để mà phải đổi thành đại từ, mẹ tơi phụ nữ - chủ từ nên đổi thành she
You : bạn => người nghe : me Cuối ta có :
My mother said to me she would give me a present
Bảng đại từ
Chủ từ Túc từ Của Nghĩa
I Me My Tôi
You You Your Bạn, bạn She Her Her Cô ấy,
He Him His Anh
We Us Our Chúng tơi,
It It Its Nó
They Them Their Họ, chúng
2)Thay đổi thời gian:
Now => then
Tomorrow => the next day / the following day Next => the next
Yesterday => the day before / the previous day Ago => before
Last + thời điểm => the + thời điểm before Next -> the following
3)Thay đổi nơi chốn:
(11)This => that These => those
4)Thay đổi thì:
Nếu động từ tường thuật bên dấu ngoặc khứ thuật lại lời nói ngoặc ta phải giảm
Giảm lấy động từ gần chủ từ giảm xuống cột Ví dụ cột giảm thành cột 2, ( khơng phải động từ bất qui tắc thêm ed), cột giảm thành cột ( riêng cột khơng đứng nên phải thêm had phía trước )
Ví dụ:
she is => she was
She goes => she went ( cột go went )
She went => she had gone ( gone cột nên phải thêm had vào phía trước gone )
She will be => she would be ( cần lấy động từ gần chủ từ will để giảm khơng lấy be )
Lưu ý:
Các trường hợp sau khơng giảm thì: - Chân lý, thật
- Trong câu có năm xác định - Thì q khứ hồn thành
- Câu thuộc cấu trúc giảm ( Sau: as if, as though, if only, wish, it's high time, would rather, câu điều kiện loại 2, )
Ở mức độ bản, câu tường thuật chia làm loại sau: 1) Câu phát biểu :
Là loại câu nói bình thường : “ I am a student” , “She didn’t like dogs” Cách làm:
Đối với loại câu ta cần áp dụng Thay đổi mà thơi Ví dụ:
Mary said:” I will study in this school next year”
=> Mary said she would study in that school the following year
2) Câu mệnh lệnh:
Là loại câu yêu cầu người khác làm đó, cách nhận dạng câu mệnh lệnh là: Đầu câu là:
- Động từ nguyên mẫu - Don’t
- Can you - Could you - Would you - Would you mind
- Please ( please cuối câu) Cách làm:
Áp dụng công thức sau:
Người nói asked / told + người nghe (not) to inf Nếu có don’t ta dùng not
(12)- Đối câu mà đề người ta cho sẵn : việc lấy mà sử dụng Ví dụ:
Mary said to Tom :”……”
- Đối với câu người nghe để cuối câu: (phải có dấu phẩy trước người nghe) : ta việc đem lên mà sử dụng:
Ví dụ:
“Give me the book, Mary “said the man => The man told Mary to give him the book
Trong trường hợp chữ : mum , dad phải đổi thành sở hửu + mother / father Các danh từ : boy, girl vv phải thêm the phía trước
Ví dụ:
“Please give me some money, Mum “said the boy - The boy told his mother to give him some money “Don’t stay here, boys” the man said
=> The man told the boys not to stay there
- Đối với câu khơng có người nghe bên ngồi ngoặc cuối câu khơng nhắc đến ta xem trước người nói có sở hửu khơng, có ta lấy sở hửu làm ngườì nghe
Ví dụ:
His mother said " "
Thấy có sở hửu his ( mẹ anh => người nghe anh : him ) => His mother told him
- Trường hợp xem xét cách mà chưa tìm người nghe ta dùng me (tơi) làm người nghe
3) Câu hỏi YES / NO:
Là dạng câu hỏi có động từ đặc biệt trợ động từ do, does, did đầu câu Cách làm:
- Đổi sang câu thường
Nếu câu có động từ đặc biệt đầu câu chuyển sau chủ từ “Can he go?” => he can go
Nếu trợ động từ do, does, did đầu câu bỏ ( động từ chia trở lại) - “Does he go?” => he goes
- Thêm IF/ WHETHER đầu câu Ví dụ:
Mary asked Tom: ”Are you a student?”
=> đổi sang câu thường cách đem are sau chủ từ: "you are a student"
=> Mary asked Tom if / whether he was a student
4) Câu hỏi WH:
Là câu hỏi có chữ hỏi HOW, WHAT, WHEN…… đầu câu Cách làm:
- Đổi sang câu thường
Giống câu hỏi YES / NO không thêm if / whether Ví dụ:
(13)MỨC ĐỘ NÂNG CAO 1) Dạng 1:
S + V + người + (not) TO Inf.
Các động từ thường sử dùng dạng :
invite (mời ), ask, tell, warn ( cảnh báo ), order ( lệnh ), beg ( van xin ), urge ( thúc hối) Ví dụ :
"Would you like to go out with me." Said the man => The man invited me to go out with him Nếu bảo khơng làm chuyện gì, đặt NOT trước to inf
Don't stay up late ( đừng thức khuya )
> she reminded me not to stay up late ( cô nhắc nhỡ không thức khuya )
2) Dạng 2:
S + V + người + giới từ + Ving / N
Các động từ thường sử dùng dạng : Accuse sb of (buộc tội )
Ví dụ: you've stolen my bicycle!
> He accused me of having stolen his bicycle ( buộc tội ăn cắp xe đạp ) Prevent sb from (ngăn không cho làm )
Ví dụ: I can't let you use the phone
> My mother prevented me from using the phone ( Mẹ không cho dùng điện thoại ) Congratulate sb on ( chúc mừng việc )
Blame sb for ( đổ lỗi việc ) Blame sth on sb ( đổ tội cho )
Warn sb against ( cảnh báo không nên làm điều ) - lưu ý mẫu khơng dùng not Don't swim too far !
He warned me against swimming too far ( cảnh báo đừng bơi xa ) = He warned me not to swim too far
Thank sb for ( cám ơn việc ) Criticize sb for ( phê bình việc )
3) Dạng 3:
S + V + VING
Các động từ thường sử dùng dạng :
Advise ( khuyên ) , suggest ( đề nghị ), Admit ( thú nhận ), deny (chối) Ví dụ:
Shall we go for a swim ? ( bơi ) > she suggested going for a swim ( cô đề nghị bơi ) Ví dụ:
I know I am wrong
> he admitted being wrong ( thú nhận sai )
4) Dạng 4:
S + V + to Inf.
Các động từ thường sử dùng dạng :
promise (hứa), agree ( đồng ý ), threaten ( đe dọa), propose ( có ý định ), offer ( đề nghị giúp ai) , refuse (từ chối)
Ví dụ:
(14)- we'll visit you ( thăm bạn )
> she promised to visit us ( cô hứa thăm ) - let me give you a hand
(15)BÀI câu tường thuật
Ứng dụng câu tường thuật cấp độ
Qua trên, em nắm lý thuyết câu tường thuật cấp độ Để em hiểu rõ học trước làm quen với cấp độ nâng cao, làm số tập sau nhé: 1) Mary said to Tom “ I want to tell you that I don’t like your brother”
Mary said to Tom “ I want to tell you that I don’t like your brother”
Đây dạng câu phát biểu, em thay đổi cấu trúc mà ý đến thay đổi bản; chữ màu hồng có nghĩa “tơi’ “bạn” nên phải đổi; chữ màu xanh động từ đứng gần chủ từ nên phải giảm thì:
I : tơi ( chủ từ) = người nói ( Mary) phụ nữ => đổi thành she You : bạn (túc từ) = người nghe ( Tom) nam => him
Your : bạn ( sở hửu ) = người nghe ( Tom) nam => his
Want cột giảm thành cột , khơng có bất qui tắc nên thêm ed => wanted Do cột giảm thành cột => did
Cuối ta có:
Mary said to Tom she wanted to tell him that she didn’t like his brother” 2) The man said to me,” would you please tell me the way to the post office? “
Thấy có would you please đầu câu ta biết câu mệnh lệnh, nên áp dụng theo công thức : người nói told/ asked người nghe + to inf
Người nói người nghe có sẳn, động từ phải đổi từ said => told / asked : => The man told me…
Tiếp theo ta phải tìm động từ, dễ dàng thấy tell , người “me” => him , chữ khác viết lại hết:
=> The man told me to tell him the way to the post office 3) “ Have you revised your lessons? “, said my mother “ Have you revised your lessons? “, said my mother
Nhìn sơ qua thấy câu hỏi khơng có chữ hỏi what, when nên câu hỏi yes/no Cũng nên ý kiểu viết “said my mother “ ( viết ngược động từ lên trước chủ từ) mà em gặp trình làm
Phần ngồi ngoặc:
Tìm người nghe: thấy có sở hửu my => người nghe me
My mother asked me … ( đổi động từ said thành asked câu hỏi) Phần ngoặc:
Đổi thành câu thường:
Phần ngoặc ta đổi thành câu thường cách đem động từ đặc biệt have sau chủ từ you: You have revised your lessons
Giảm thì:
Chữ have (cột )giảm xuống thành cột (had) You had revised your lessons
Thay đổi người:
(16)I had revised my lessons Thêm if / whether đầu câu: if I had revised my lessons