(Luận văn thạc sĩ) thái độ của cán bộ viên chức với việc phụ nữ tham gia lãnh đạo trong trường đại học

Thai cua can bq vien chdc vdi viecphu nG'tham gia lanh dao tri/dng Dai hoc DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI TRir^NG DAI HOC KHOA HOC XA HOI VA NHAN VAN m NGUYEN THI THU HUYEN THAI DO CUA CAN BO VIEN CHlTC VOfI VIEC PHU NlT THAM GIA LANK DAO TRONG TRirdNG DAI HOC (Nghien cuu truang hap tai Truang Dai hoc Thuy Lai vd Truomg Dai hoc Khoa hoc xd hoi vd nhdn vdn - Dai hoc Quae gia Hd Noi) LUAN VAN THAC SY XA HOI HOC • • • • Ma so: 603130 Ngu-o-i hiro-ng dan khoa hoc: TS Nguyin Thj Thu Ha DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI rm INGJ_AM THONG TIN THU VIEN Ha Noi, 2008 / Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 Thai cua can bo vien chut vdi viecphu nO'tham gia lanh dao tru'dng Dai hoc LOI CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day Id cong trinh nghien cuu cua rieng toi, chua timg duac cong bo, cdc thong tin vd kit qua luan vdn Id trung thuc vd c6 xuat xu ro rang Ha Noi, thang nam 2008 Tac gia cua luan van Nguyin Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH • XHH 2004-200 Thai cua can bo vien chut vdi viecphu nO^tham gia lanh dao tru'dng Dai hoc MUC LUC LCn CAM ON CHIT VIET T A T Trang P H A N I: M d D A U Ly chon de tai Y nghia khoa hoc va thuc tien cua de tai 10 Muc dich va nhiem vu nghien cuu 10 r Doi tirang, khach the va pham vi nghien ciru 11 Phuang phap luan va phuung phap thu thap thong tin 11 Gia thuyet, khung ly thuyet va cac bien so 16 Ket cau luan van 18 PHAN II NOI DUNG CHINH CHl/ONG 1: CO SCJ LY LUAN VA THI/C TIEN 1.1 C c s a l y luan 21 1.1.1 Nhitngly thuyet sw dung nghien ciru 21 1.1.2 Nhirng khdi niem ca ban 25 1.2 33 Ccso'thirc tien ciia de tai nghien ciru 1.2.1 Tong quan van de nghien ciru 33 1.2.2 Tong quan dia ban nghien cieu 38 CHUONG THAI D Q CUA CBVC V6l VIEC PHU NLT THAM GIA LANH DAO TRONG TRUTCiNG DH THUY LOl VA DH KHXH & NV 2.1 Tong quan tinh hinh phu nur tham gia lanh dao hien 42 2.2 Thirc trans phu nir tham gia lanh dao tai DH Thuy Lei va DH KHXH&NV 2.2.1 Thirc trang phu nir tham gia lanh dao chinh quyen, doan the 50 50 2.2.2 Thu-c trang phu nir tham gia vdo lanh dao chuyen mdn 55 Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-200 Thai cua can bo vien chut vdi viecphu np-tham gia lanh dao tru'dng Dai hoc 2.3 Thai cua CBVC vm viec phu nfr tham gia lanh dao 59 2.3.1 Thai cua CBVC vi vi the, vai trb lanh dao cua PN trw&ng 59 2.3.2 Nhirng thuan lai cua phu nir tham gia lanh dao theo ddnh gia cua CBVC 73 2.3.3 Nhirng kho khan ciia phu nir tham gia lanh dao theo ddnh gid cua CBVC 77 2.4 Nhu-ng yeu to anh hu-ffng den thai cua CBVC vdi viec phu nif tham gia lanh dao 85 2.4.1 Nhirng yeu to khdch quan 86 2A.2 Nhirng yeu to chu quan 93 P H A N KET LUAN VA KHUYEN NGHI 3.1 Kit luan 106 3.2 Khuyen nghj 107 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO PHU LUC i\iguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-20 Thai cua can bo vien chut vdi viec phu ntj" tham gia lanh dao tru'dng Dai hoc L I CAM ON Trong qua trinh hgc tap va nghien cuu tai khoa Xa hoi hgc, toi da dugc cac Thay co giao va ngoai khoa Xa hoi hoc truyen dat cho toi nhung kien thiic quy bau Den nay, toi da hoan de tai luan van tot nghiep ciia minh Vai sir kinh trgng va long biet on sau sac, toi xin chan cam on Ban lanh dao khoa Xa hoi hgc, cung toan the cac thay c6 giao Khoa va ngoai khoa da tan tinh day bao giiip da de toi c6 dugc ket qua nhu horn Toi xin chan cam an cac ca quan, dan vi :Truang Dai hgc thuy Lgi, Truang Dai hgc khoa hoc xa hoi va Nhan van, Trung tam ho trg giao r due va nang cao nang lire phu nu (CEPEW), Thu vien Quoc gia Ha noi \ r \ Cac don vi tren da quan tam, giiip da tao dieu kien cung cap thong tin can r t thiet de toi hoan thien luan van \ ^^ Toi xin chan cam an thay giao PGS.TS Vii Hao Quang da giiip da tao dieu kien cho toi su dung mot so so lieu dinh lugng va dinh tinh de tai - Loi song gia dinh tri thuc - (Nghien cuu truang hgp Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi, ma so QX 02-23 (thang 8/2003) Dae biet toi xin chan cam on Co giao, nguai huang dan Khoa hgc, TS Nguyen Thi Thu Ha da tan tinh huang dan toi suot qua trinh lam luan van Do dieu kien ve thai gian, trinh va kha nang c6 han, chac chan luan van c6 nhieu thieu sot Toi rat mong nhan dugc sir gop y cua cac thay c6 giao va cac ca nhan quan tam den de tai luan van, de luan van cang dugc hoan thien han Xin chan cam ffn! Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 Thai cua can bo vien chut vdi viec phu nCttham gia lanh dao trWdng Dai hgc CHIT VIET TAT CBVC : Can bo vien chuc GS : Giao su PGS : Pho giao su r TS : Tien sy Nxb : Nha xuat ban DH : Dai hgc KHXH&NV : Khoa hoc xa hoi va nhan van BCH : Ban chap hanh PVS : Phong van sau TW HLHPN PN DHQG CNDVLS CNDVBC [6.56] : Trung LTang : Hoi Lien hiep Phu nir : Phu nu : Dai hoc Quoc gia : Chii nghia vat lich sii : Chu nghia vat bien chung :Trich trang 56 cua tai lieu tham khao so danh muc tai lieu tham khao Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-20 Thai cua can bo vien chut vdi viecphu nG'tham gia lanh dao tru&ng Dai hgc PHANI:MdDAu Ly chon de tai Huang tai muc tieu: ''Dan giau, nuac mgnh, xd hoi cong bang dan chu vdn minh"" vSn de binh dSng giai luon dugc Dang va Nha nuac ta quan tam hang dau Ngay tu dat nuac Viet Nam ta chua dugc thong nhat, dong bao ta chua hoan toan dugc tu thi chu tich Ho Chi Minh vT dai da phat bieu: 'Woz tai phu nir Id noi phdn nua xd hoi, neu khong gidi phong phu nu thi khong gidi phong duac mot nua lodi nguai Neu phu nir chua duac gidi phong thi xd hoi chua duac gidi phong Neu khong gidi phong phu nir thi Id xdy dung chu nghia xd hoi mot nua" [11- 499] Phat huy tinh than giai phong phu nu theo loi day cua Nguai, den nam 1982 Viet Nam la nuac thu 35 tren the giai ky Cong uac Quoc ih xoa bo mgi hinh thuc phan biet doi xu vai phu nu va den nam 1992 tai dieu 36 Hign phap nuac Cong hoa xa hoi chii nghia Viet Nam da khang dinh ''Cong dan nit vd nam c6 quyen ngang bang ve moi mat Chinh tri, Kinh te, Vdn hod, Giao due " Day la mot cong Ian cua Viet Nam tren duang dau tranh doi quySn binh ding giai ma cac nuac tren the giai phai thua nhan Song, nhu chung ta thay, duang nhu hanh dgng thuc te chua theo kip dugc y tuang chiSn luge ve binh ding giai Tu tuang Nho giao ""trong nam khinh nit" van anh huang khong nho den dai song tinh than cua nguai dan chung ta, vi the van mot khoang each giOa cac chinh sach cua Dang va Nha Nuac va thuc tl cua hanh dgng binh ding giai Chinh nhiing bat cap tren dan den viec khong chi a Viet Nam ma nhieu nuac tren toan cau phong trao dau tranh doi quySn binh ding giai vin dang noi len rat manh me He thong cac truang hgc noi chung la ca sa dao tao, chuyen giao tri thuc tien tiln cua xa hoi va la mot nhirng moi truong quan trgng, gop phan xay Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-200 Thai cua can bg vien chut vdi viecphu nG'tham gia ianh dao tru'dng Dai hgc 1 dung nen nhan each cua nguai Han nua truang Dai hgc la to chuc c6 the noi la tien bg nhat ciia xa hoi, la noi dao tao nhiJng ''hat giong do'' cho mgi ITnh vuc cua dai song xa hoi, a can phai tao dieu kien phat trien ngang bang giira nam va nu moi ITnh vuc Nhung thuc trang binh dang giua nam va nu, xet a phuong dien tham gia vao cong tac lanh dao cac truang khong noi len dieu do, ty le nir giai lanh dao truang dai hoc hien lai mat can doi so vai nam giai Chinh nhung van de tren da thoi thuc nguai viet dao sau nghien cuu tim hieu thuc trang tham gia lanh dao ciia phu nu a hai truang Dai hoc dai dien cho hai khoi tu nhien va xa hoi, la truang Dai hgc Thuy Lgi va truang Dai hgc Khoa hgc Xa hoi va Nhan van, nham c6 gang giai thich ly nao dan den thuc trang tham gia it 6i ciia nir vao bg may lanh dao cac truang Hg c6 nhirng kho khan va thuan lgi gi viec tham gia lanh dao Quan trgng han, c6 gang ly giai anh huang ciia thai dong nghiep tai viec tham gia lanh dao ciia phu nir tai day Truang Dai hgc Thuy Lgi tir moi dugc lap truang nam 1959, trai qua nhiem ky Hieu truang nhung ca 100% la nam giai dam nhiem He thdng chinh tri ciia truang cung khong ngoai sir mat can bang tren Trong Dang bg truang Dai hgc Thuy lgi bao gom: Dang uy truang, Dang uy khoa va cac Chi bg, nhung ca 100% cac vien tham gia la nam giai (chi CO c4p Chi bg la c6 nir giai tham gia) Con doi vai ca cau chinh quyen truang bao gom: Cap truang, cap khoa va cap phong Trong cap khoa c6 13 Khoa, c6 100% Nam giai nam giir chiie truang khoa Cap Phong ban quan ly gom 14 phong ban chuc nang nu giai chi chiem 3, nam giai chiem 11 phong ban Trong Nam giai luon a vi tri chien luge quan trgng phu nil thuang a cac vi tri thu yeu Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 Thai cua can bo vien chut vdi viec phu nu' tham gia ianh dao tru'dng Dai hoc D6i vai cac to chire doan thi Cong doan, Doan TNCS H6 Chi Minh, Hoi sinh vien 100% nam giai lam lanh dao quan ly Ban thuang vu ciia truang Dai hgc Thuy lgi gom nguai c6 nix va nam giai Ban giam hieu nha truang gom Hieu truang va hieu Hieu truang deu la nam giai Doi vai truang Dai hoc khoa hgc Xa hoi va Nhan van mac dii la truang thugc khoi xa hoi vai 47% can bo vien chuc la nu giai, song ty le nil giai tham gia lanh dao cung chi la 15.2% tong so can bg lanh dao ciia truang Cu the la Ban Giam hieu nha truang nam giai chiem 100%, doi vai cac F F phong ban, khoa va trung tam nam giai cung chiem tai 81,81% giir vi tri cap F truang, phu nil chi chiem 18,18% F t F •\ t Qua cac so lieu tong quat tren ve co cau to chuc can bg lanh dao ciia truang Dai hgc Thuy lgi va truang Dai hoc khoa hoc xa hoi va nhan van chiing F F F y ta ciing thay dugc sir mat can bang giai tuang doi ro net Chinh tir nhung ly tren da thoi thiic nguai viet chon nghien cuu de tai : "Thai cua can bo vien chu-c vol viec phu nfr tham gia lanh dao trying Dai hoc'' {Nghien cim truang hap tai truang Dai hoc Thuy lai va > ^ F truang Dai hoc xd hoi vd nhdn vdn) Trong de tai luan van nay, tac gia cung co F F gang nghien cuu moi lien he giua thai ciia can bg vien chiic va ung xir cua F hg doi vai viec phu nir tham gia lanh dao truang Dai hoc hien Hon nira tim hieu day co phai la nguyen nhan chii yeu dan tai thuc trang it 6i ciia phu nir tham gia lanh dao truang Dai hgc khong? sau dua mot so nguyen nhan ciing nhu cac bien phap kha thi gop phan nang cao ty le nir giai ' Cu th6 la phu nu lam cong tac chinh trj va cong tac sinh vien, phu nu la Bi thu doan nien, phu nO" la truang khoa, thong tin thu vien va khoa Xa hoi hpc va phu nu: la giam d6c trung tam ngoai ngu va trung tam Giai va phat tri^n ciia tru^^ng Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 777a/' cua can bo vien chut vdi viecphu nG'tham gia lanh dao tru'dng Dai hoc cong tac quan ly, lanh dao tai truang Dai hgc Thuy lgi Ha noi va truang Dai hgc khoa hgc xa hoi va nhan van hien r Y nghia khoa hoc va y nghia thyc tien cua de tai - Y nghia khoa hoc: Van dung ly thuyet Xa hoi hoc ve giai va xa hoi hgc quan ly de giai thich ve vi the, vai tro ciia phu nir he thong quan ly noi F chung va he thong quan ly lanh dao truang Dai hoc noi rieng - Ve mat thuc tien: Gop phan nang cao nhan thuc cua can bg vien chuc \ F ^ -\ F t ve vi the, vai tro ciia phu nir va van de giai he thong to chiic quan ly lanh dao truang Dai hgc hien nay, qua tao dieu kien cho can bg nir c6 nhieu ca hoi, dieu kien han tham gia vao cong tac quan ly, lanh dao X Muc dich va nhiem vu nghien ciru ciia de tai 3.1 Muc dich nghien cuu: ,./ / r / "^ ' ^^ -^ ; Tim hieu thai cua can bg vien chiic vai viec phu nir tham gia lanh dao truang Dai hgc Thuy lgi va truang Dai hgc Khoa hgc xa hoi & Nhan van - Dai hgc Quoc gia Ha Noi, chi nhiing thuan lgi, kho khan phu nir tham F F gia lanh dao quan ly va nhirng nhan to anh huang den thai cua can bg vien chuc sau dua mot so giai phap gop phan nang cao ty le nii giai tham gia vao cong tac quan ly, lanh dao truang Dai Hgc 5.2 Nhiem vu nghien cuu: F F Ir M6 ta so lugng, chat lugng nir can bg quan ly truang Dai hoc Thuy Lgi va truang Dai hgc khoa hgc xa hoi va nhan van - Dai hgc Quoc gia Ha noi 3- Tim hieu nhung kho khan, thuan lgi cua phu nir tham gia lanh dao truang Dai hgc 10 Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 I nai au tud can pg vien clnfc vdi \,i^r nh „.~ .u ,-^—-—^-^^J^lSimMEJ^amgiaJanh dao trWdng Dai hoc Cin tuyen truyin sau va rgng ban nua cac chinh sach binh ding gidi din tung ca nhan, nhdm xa hdi va cdng ddng xa hdi dk nang cao nhan thuc cua ho van de binh dang gidi, vi sir tiln bd ciia phu nu Cac dudng Idi chinh sach ciia Dang va Nha nude tren moi ITnh vuc dIu phai quan tam din vin dl gidi nhim dam bao ca nam gidi va phu nu dIu cd quyen tham gia va hudng lgi mot each binh ding *Js (fl JjC 109 Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 I nai ao cua can DO vien ciiCtc vdi viec Dim nrtth=.n ^- t- u ^ = — = = ^ ^ ^ ^ £ £ £ ^ ^ ^ / a ianii dao trWdng Dai iioc DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO "Mdt sd phan biet cin thilt van dung quan dilm gidi" ciia Mai Huy Bich, tap chi Khoa hgc vl Phu nir sd 3/2001 Bao khoa hgc vl phu nir sd 2(63)-2004 cua Vien Gia dinh va Gidi, Vien Khoa hgc xa hdi Viet nam Bao cao hdi thao kilm dilm thuc hien chiln dich 50/50 tir dai dien din tham gia (tii 24-26/2/2006 tai New York) "Lich sii phat triln ciia ly thuylt nir quyen va ly thuylt gidi cua tac gia > Tran Hoang Giang, Bao khoa hgc vl Phu nu, sd 06/2003 Gidi va ky nang boat ddng ciia Dai bilu Hdi ddng nhan dan cip ca sd" F Xuat ban nam 2006 ciia trung tam hd trg giao due nang cao nang lire cho Phu nii Bai viet "ly thuylt nir quyen phuang tay va viec ly giai dia vi hang cua phu (Feminist theores and explanations for wormens secondary status) ciia Pham Thj Bich Hing, Trong bao khoa hgc vl Phu nir sd 02/2003 "Lich sii va ly thuylt XHH" ciia tac gia Le Nggc Himg, Nxb Quoc gia Ha ndi, nam 2002 Dieu 145 Bg luat lao dgng Huang dan lien tich s6 17/HD -TLDLDVN 11/7/2003 vg viec thuc hien Dieu 4, chuang II, dieu le Hgi Lien hiep phu nu Viet nam khoa IX 10 Huang dan thuc hien Nghi djnh s6 23/CP 18/4/1996 ciia Chinh phii F -v F -^ " Quy djnh chi tiet va huang dan thi hanh mot so Dieu cua Bg luat Lao ddng ve nhiing quy dinh rieng ddi vdi lao ddng nii." 11 Hd Chi Minh toan tap (tap 6), Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia Ha ndi 110 Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 - '"" "' '"' ''" "' ''21BB^^LmPhumham_gia lanh dao trWdng Dai hgc 12 Hd Chi Minh toan tap (tap 8) Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia Ha ndi, 1989 13 Hd Chi Minh toan tap (tap 11), Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia Ha ndi 1996 14 Bai Viet " chdng thip vg cao" cua TS Dang Canh Khanh in tren tap chi khoa hgc vl phu nir so 01 nam 1992 15 Bao cao "Khao sat chit lugng nii dai bilu Hdi ddng nhan dan tinh Ha tay" nam 2006 16 "Xa hdi hgc gia dinh" ciia tac gia Thanh Le, Xa hoi hgc gia dinh, Nxb Dai hgc qudc gia Thanh Ho Chi Minh 17 "Mdt vai diem vl budc tiln cua cac nha khoa hgc nir thdi ky qua mudi nam budc tiln bd ciia phu nii Viet Nam 1985-1995, Nxb Phu nir 1995 18 "Vai trd nu can bd quan ly qua trinh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai boa" 2001 ciia tac gia Vd Thi Mai 19 Nhiing guang mat anh thdi ky ddi mdi (tap chi Dang cdng san) Nxb lao ddng 2005 F F ^ 20 "Nir tien sy Dai hgc qudc gia Ha ndi" cua Trung tam nghien ciiu ve phu F F nir (thugc Dai hgc qudc gia Ha ndi) Nxb dai hgc qudc gia Ha ndi, nam 2006) 21 Nhi quylt so 152/NQ/TW 10/1/1967 ciia Ban Bi thu Trung uong F > F \ f Dang ve mot so van de to chiic, lanh dao cong tac phu van / F •> 22 Nghj quyet so 25- NQ/Tl ciia Dang, doan Tong cong doan Viet nam va Dang doan Phu nir trung uang ve tang cuang cong tac van dgng nii cong nhan, vien chiic; 111 Nguyen Tiii Ttiu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 mat oo cua3 can DO vien ciii/c vdi vipr nhu n,y fA-.«^ - /« / * " — " ^ - = ^ = ^ i ^ E ^ L £ ^ i g g ^ 9^3 l^nii dao trWdnq Dai tigc 23.Nghi quylt sd 11/NQ/TW 27/04/2007 cua Bd chinh tri vl cdng tac phu nir thdi ky diy manh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dit nude 24 Nhimg quy dinh vl quyIn va nghTa vu ciia lao ddng nu, NXB Lao dgng , Ha ndi nam 2007 25 Bao cao tdng quan tinh hinh phu nu tham gia lanh dao cua Nguyen Thj Ninh, UVDCT, Trudng ban td chiic can bd Trung uang Hdi Lien hiep phu nu viet Nam, 2006 26 "Phu nir tham gia lanh dao quan ly" Trung tam nghien ciiu khoa hgc lao ddng nu -NXB chinh tri qudc gia Ha ndi, nam 1997 F 27 Cudn sach "Xa hdi hgc quan ly" , tac gia : Vu Hao Quang, Nxb Dai hgc qudc gia Ha ndi, nam 2001 28 Cudn sach " Gia dinh Viet nam" PGS, TS Vu Hao Quang chu bien, NXB Dai hgc Quoc gia Ha ndi 2006 29 "Bit binh ding nam nii nhin tu gdc lich su" cua PGS, TS Le Thi Quy, bao Khoa hgc vl phu nir sd 2/1998 30 Bai nghien ciiu " Mdt so khd khan cua phu nir lam lanh dao" ciia tac gia Le Thj Quy, dang tren tap chi khoa hgc ve phu nii so 6/2001 31 Quylt djnh cua bd trudng Bd ndi vu so 104/2005 QD - BNV thang 10 nam2005 32 Thdng bao so 155/TB -TC/TW 15 /07/1998 > F 33 "Thuc trang dgi ngii can bg nu quan ly lanh dao quan ly va de xuat cac giai phap tang cuang su binh dang va phat trien ciia can bg nu qua F ^ ^ trinh Cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai boa dat nude" Ban nghien ciiu Trung uang, Hdi lien hiep Phu nir Viet Nam thuc hien thang 03/2003 112 Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 ma ag cua can og -enS^^^dijiecph^mha^^ ,,o ^rong trWdng Dai hgc 34 "Phat buy ngudn lire tri thuc nir Viet Nam su nghiep Cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai boa" cua tac gia Dd Thi Thanh, NXB chinh tri Qudc gia 2005 35 Tac phim "Phu nu gidi va phat triln" cua cac tac gia Trin Thanh Van va Le Nggc Hung Nxb Phu nir, nam 2000 36 Tu dien Xa hdi hgc ciia Nguyen Khic Vien lam chii bien, Nxb Thi gidi Ha ndi, nam 1994 Phap lenh siia ddi, bd sung mdt sd dilu cua phap lenh can bg cdng chiic sd 11/2003/PL - UBTVQH 11: cua Uy ban thudng vu F Qudc Hdi *** 113 Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 ' ma, ag cua can bg vien chWcjdivigc^h^nW^amgia lanh dao trWdng Dai hgc Phu luc 1: PHU N U Q U A N LY TOT HON NAM GI6I (Theo VietNamnet cap nhat ngay24/10/2007) Phu nir quan ly t6t ban nam gidi? Nam Binh Khi phu nir gianh dugc nhiiu cong vai tro la chii doanh nghiep va lanh dao thi sir khac biet ve gidi tinh dang mit din Nlu ban nghT no khong anh huang tdi_^quy tac lanh dao doanh nghiep, co thi ban se phai nghT lai Dilu dac biet la phu nu dieu hanh va quan ly theo each khac biet so voi canh may rau Cuoc nghien ciiu mdi day cho thay sd nhung lanh dao nir va nam co hieu qua, phu nir vin td cd gdc canh han Ro rang khdng mot ca nhan dan le nao co thi dai dien cho mot hinh mlu vdi nhirng net tinh each ma chiing ta goi la nu: tinh hay nam tinh Khi tim hilu nhirng vin de nay, chiing ta cin phai di theo nhirng quan dilm da tirng dugc thira nhan chua hoan hao Vdi each nay, chiing ta thir tim hiiu xem phu nii lanh dao nhu the nao vd tai ho thuang xuyen cong han nam giai? Ve mat sinh hoc, giao due lam cho phu nfr linh hoat han ' F ^ F y, Nhu tat ca chiing ta da biet, sir khac biet ve gioi tinh bat nguon tir viec nuoi duang va tu nhien No khong chi la sir hoa nhap xa hoi tao hinh nam hay nu Vi du, bp nao cua nam giai lan hon nu gioi khoang 10% Tuy nhien phu mx lai c6 nhieu te bao than kinh han a mot so vung Phu nil duang nhu co mot the tap trung Ion hon nhom cac day than kinh noi hai phan ban cau nao trai va phai Dieu lam cho phu nu nhanh han viec truyen dij lieu giiia phan nao trai phu trach viec tinh toan vai phan nao phai phu trach true giac va thi giac Ket qua la phu nu linh hoat hon va thay de dang hon dam nhiem nhieu viec Nam giai thuang thien ve ban cau nao trai Di^u khi6n ho kha han viec giai quyet cac van de triru tugng y F t A ' F Khi be gai va be trai truang tat nhien chung dugc nuoi duang theo nhung quy tac xa hoi khac va djnh huang khac Gioi tinh tao nen thai do, nhan thuc va nhieu thu khac Phu nfr bieu 16 the manh lanh dao Diln hinh so sanh cac nha quan ly, doan hoi thoai dugc thilt lap phong each menh lenh va kilm soat ciia nam gidi ddi lap vdi each toan thi doan ket hay ddng long ciia phu nil "Cac nir quan ly cd xu hudng mong mudn xay dung nhieu han la chien thang" 114 Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 inai ao cua can DO vien chi/c vdi viec ntin my i-h=.rr -^ ^^-LllS^PUM^^^jnamj^ • i- ^ ^ dao tru'dng Daiiioc Debra Burrell, mot nha tam Iv hoc v>\V^r\^^ A'^^ - New York ch^ biit "Phu nir sin Ton h S h - K' ^''^ ^"' ''^''^'^" Mars-Venus tai ban " Neuoc lai n^^l\r^l ^ ^ ^'^P ^^" ^^ ^^ thuyet phuc ngudi khac s ^ i ddnh d/khon?h^ i r ^ "^^' ãã'"Đ "^" ^9 ^i" l^i kh^y^n tir ngudi khac, ho se bi danh gia khong hay hay bi coi nhu mot lanh dao tdi Mot s6 thi manh khac cua phu nir vai tro Ianh dao: -Phu nii- cd thi trao quyIn cho nhan vien tdt han nam gidi - Phu nir khuyen khich sir cdi md va dl tilp xiic hon - Phu nu CO the chap nhan dugc sir khac biet vi vay ho cd thi hop tac vdi nhiiu kilu nguai khac - Phu nu- nhan vin ^i nhanh hon va chinh xac han - Phu nir kha ban xac djnh cdng viec va phan hdi Mat khac, nam gidi cd xu hudng tu tin hon va dua quylt dinh nhanh chdng hon so vai phu nu Nam gidi cung gidi han viec tao nen mdi quan he hoa tieu, cd nghia la tam thdi tao nen mot ddi ngu cd muc tieu dat tdi nhirng cai dich ngin han, nha tam ly lanh dao Ken Siegel, giam ddc Impact Group tai Los Angeles cho biit.' Con ve "ky nang cirng" va kha nang phan tich? Phu nil hoan thien han nam gidi vl giao tilp va ky nang giua ca nhan vdi Cd the ban nghT rang dd la nhirng "ky nang mim" va kha nang phan tich la cin thilt dl lanh dao mot doanh nghiep Nhirng net 'nir tinh" iy khiln cho viec lanh dao doanh nghiep tdt hon nhu thi nao? Trong cdng sd hien nay, nhan vien phai dam nhan nhiiu cdng viec va cdng nghe cho phep tharn chi ca nhirng cdng ty nhd nhit ciing cd thi canh tranh dugc tren thi trudng toan cau, kha nang lam cho nhan vien cam thay cd trach nhiem va duac danh gia cao la mot the manh hien nhien "Mot so cong ty cong nhung cong ty khac thi khong", Jeffrey Christian, Giam doc Christian & Timbers, mot cong ty tim kiem lanh dao cho biet "Van de khong phai a khau san xuat, van de la tai nang Bat cu CO mot doi ngu nhan vien manh ciing deu chien thang" F F , ' ^ F F F ' F F r y ' ' r F Tien khong phai la yeu to can ban khien nhung nguai co tai a lai hay roi bo cong ty Diing hon, phan lan ho a lai bai moi quan he "Va phu nu thi lam dugc dieu do", Christian-chu cong ty co cong dua Carly Fiorina tai Hewlett-Packard noi \ F y Nhin chung phu nir san long uy nhiem hon va bieu 16 sir danh gia thuang xuyen han "Phu nil dua cau hoi va nam gioi co xu huang dua cau tra loi", Terri Levine, nguai tu win ngh6 nghiep BSc Wales, Pa.,thuang dua loi khuyen cho nhung nha lanh dao Bang each trao doi ve muc tieu de dang han va danh gia thuang xuyen han, phu nu 115 iVguyen Ttii Ttiu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 — '"" '' ''' ''" '" "'"^^^^^ImP^gnl^amgialanh dao trWdng Dai hoc thudng gidi hon viec lam cho nhan vien cam thiy minh duac danh gia va ghi Kinh nghiem nang cao ky nang cua nir gioi nS^tc^^!"^!^^^^^^ "v?'^^' ^'^^ "*^^" ^^ ky - " -^-^ tdt hon Mot sd nha ho l a T ^ h t r h T t " ? "ã^'^ ' ^ ' " '^ "^^"^ k^ "^"Đ "^y "hung dng chii Zl^r!^r^oW^^^ " ' *'.''•' ^'"^ ^'^ '^' h^- M^t sd khac cho ring nhirng nam tich Jtfn v ^ ' " ! o o r ' f y "^ ^ ' "'"^ ^^° ky "^"g ^"^^ ho Mot cuoc nghien ciru cd uy tin vao nam 1996 Advanced Teamware tiln hanh da phan tich han 000 nha quan ly a 360 ban danh gia cap Nhirng ban danh gia gdm nhan xet giiu ten cua nhung nguai cung cap vdi nha lanh dao, ngudi giam sat va ngudi dudi quyIn CuQc nghien ciiu tap trung vao each quan ly gdm giai quylt cac vin dl, kilm soat, lanh dao, trao ddi va mot sd yeu td khac Ket qua: " Nhimg cuoc nghien ciiu trudc da cho thiy phu nir troi han vl ky nang giao tilp ca nhan (nao phai) chii khdng phai ky nang van dung tri dc (nao trai) Tuy vay, cuoc nghien ciiu ciia chiing tdi chiing minh phu nir cd kha nang tdt han d ca nao phai va nao trai" "Phu nu dugc danh gia cao han nam gidi d 28 31 each xu su ca nhan chilm 90%" "YIU td khd giai quylt nhit ddi vdi phu nir la lanh dao chinh ban than minh Ty le tdi te nhit ciia 31 each xii sir la "ddi phd vdi nhirng thit bai cua minh" Nhu-ng vSn nhirng can trd tren dudng tien than ciia phu nir R6 rang, co kha nhieu phu nu danh sach 500 cong ty dugc binh bau o tap chi Fortune, cu nam thi co mot nu Tuy nhien, neu phu nu co tai quan ly t6t hon thi tai chung ta lai khong thay ho xuat hien nhieu han danh sach nay? Chiing ta co the suy doan theo huong: Nam gioi thuang dieu hanh cuoc chai va phan lan khong cong nhan phong each lanh dao nO tinh bai ho thay no mem yeu Phu nu phai sue chiing minh, khang dinh rang each lanh dao ciia ho co hieu qua (Sau do, phu nii mai co the bat dau va ho can thai gian) F \ •} F \ y F \ •J Voi doanh nghiep vua va nho, viec giir chan nhan vien va co dong nhiet tinh co the la yiu t6 quan cho cong "Ban muon giao ket qua chii khong phai la nhiem vu", nha tu v^n Siegel noi "Ban phai co kha nang thiic day Phu nii c6 the lam di^u t6t hon bai long tu ciia ho co nhieu khia canh", "long tu ciia nam giai dua tren nhung gi ho lam, no chi co mot khia canh" 116 Nguyen Ttii Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 .- ^^^i rial ag cua can og vien chWc vdi viec ohu nrt t-h=r^ ^- ,~ ^ ^ ^^~ = — - - = ^ £ i ^ H £ L ^ L g g l3nh dao trWdng Dai hgc PHU LUC 2: BANG TRUNG Dgi Hoc Qudc gia Ha Not £>c'i Hoc Khoa hgc xa hoi va Nhdn vdn Khoa Xd hoi hoc CAU Y KIEN nu • - u^ ^ / ^ ' ^ " ^'"•J" • : : , ; " "^'' "^"^' '^""^ ""'^ ^^^^ •kick PHIEU TRITNG CAU Y KIEN Phieu trung cduykiSn duac thuc hien, nhdm thu thap dir lieu cho luan van tdt nghiep Thac sy chuyen nganh xa hoi hoc cua cd nhdn toi viec tim hiiu vi: "Thai ciia can bd vien chiic vdi viec phu nu lam lanh dao trudng Dai hoc" Ket qua thu duac qua cuoc trung cdu y kiin cdn co thi duac su dung nhu mot da lieu de so sdnh ddi vai cdc tdc gid khdc tim hiiu vi vdn di ndy Xin Ong (bd) ddnh ddu (x) vdo phuang dn md dng (bd) thdy hap y dng bd nhdt! Chung toi xin cam doan: Moi thdng tin dng (bd) cung cdp chi diing vdo muc dich nghien ciru, khdng phuc vu cho bdt ky muc dich ndo khdc Cdc thdng tin thu thap phieu trung cdu diu duac ddm bdo tinh khuyit danh Moi thdng tin dng bd cung cdp vd cung quy gid vai nghien cuu ciia chimg tdi Xin chdn cdm an su hap tdc cua dng (bd) I NOI DUNG: Cau 1: Theo sir quan sat thuc te Ong (ba) danh gia gi ve ca cau giai lanh dao chinh quyen, doan the, chuyen mon truang Dai Hoc hien nay? (Hieu truong/ Hieu pho, Bi thu/ Pho bi thu Dang uy, Chii tich/ Pho Chii tich Cong Doan, Bi thu/ Pho bi thu doan nien, Giam doc/ Pho giam doc trung tam, Truang/ Pho phong ban, truang/ Khoa, Chii nhiem/ chii nhiem bo mon.) D Can d6i D Mat can d6i Khong bilt 04 Khong y kiln Cau Theo Ong (ba) phu nii co nen tham gia vao bo may lanh dao chinh quyen, doan the, chuyen mon ciia truang khong? D l.Nen D 2.Kh6ng nen D 3.Kh6ng bilt D 4.Kh6ng y kiln Cau 3: Theo dng (ba) phu nu mudn lam lanh dao tdt can nhirng dieu kien gi? (chon tdi da phuang an uu tien) ^^=—^^=- 117 f^guyin Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 777^/dg cua can bp vien chWc vdi viec nhu my n ^ _• ,~ ,_ ^ — ^^^MnMMM^JiaJanhdgotrong • Dugc dao tao, bdi dudng D Dugc cip dudi ung hd, tao dilu kien D Cd chinh sach phu hgp Q Dugc XH danh gia binh ding vdi D trWdng Dai hgc Cd dii phuong tien lam viec D nam gidi Cd sir giup tao dilu kien ciia gia dinh D Dugc cap tren ung hd tao dilu kien D Ban than can bd nu phai nd lire phan dau D Dieu kien khac (xin ghi rd) Cau_4 Danh gia ciia Ong (ba) vl nang luc lanh dao ciia phu nir trudng Dai hgc hien ? • l.Tdt D 2.Binh thudng D 5.Khdng y kiln D 3.Khdng tdt 04 Khdng bilt CaiLi Ong (ba) danh gia gi ve nang lire quan ly lanh dao cua Nir gidi so vdi Nam gidi trudng Dai hgc hien Dl Thap han D 5.Khdng y kien D Ngang bing 03 Cao han D 4.Khdng bilt Cau Theo dng ba dau la nhirng thuan lgi hon ciia phu nir, nam gidi tham gia lanh dao? ST Ndi dung T I Dac tinh ca nhan Cd nang lire chuyen mdn Nang ddng sang tao Manh dan, quyet doan Co tinh than trach nhiem Co tam nhin xa, rong Nam han 118 giai Nu han gioi Ngang Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 Thai cua can bg vien chWc vdi viec ph^niW^h^m^n^^iBr^^^^^^ Cd phuang phap td chiic khoa hgc Can cii chiu khd, nhiet tinh Kha nang chju dung cao Kha nang thu phuc ngudi khac 10 Kha nang thiic diy sir sang tao ciia ngudi khac 11 Liem khiet, tiet kiem 12 Khiem tdn diing muc ung xu II Mdi trudng gia dinh, ddng nghiep 13 Sir ling hd ciia gia dinh 14 Sir ung ho ciia dong nghiep 15 Co cau to chiic ciia truang 16 Xa hoi ling ho ^^^^^g ^^j /^^^ Cau 7: Theo y kiln ong ba cac vi tri lanh dao sau se phu hop vai nam giai hay nu giai hon (1 nam, nu c6 dSy dii cac dilu kien lam lanh dao nhu: nang lire, pham ch4t, quan he xa hoi tuang duang nhau), ong (ba) se chon vao cac vi tri sau? STT Cac vi tri Nam giai Nu giai Cahai Cap truang Cap Quan ly chuyen mon (cac de tai khoa hoc, nghien ciiu ) Quan ly hanh chinh (lanh dao truang, khoa, trung tam ) Cong tac doan thi (Doan nien, Hoi Sinh vien ) 119 Nguyen 77?/ Ttiu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 Thai dp cua can bg vien chWc vdi viecphu nWtham m^ /? A * -—' — — - - - — ^ - ' - - - ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ M ^ J ^ i ^ J l t l i ^ L ^ S J l B M l n ^ n g Dai hgc Cau 8: Ong (ba) cd cam eiac nhir thi r,A^ - x gi^j, ^ ^ ''^'' ^^' ^"^ "^^ ^^P tr6n ciia minh la nam giai, hoac nu STT Hai long Binh thuang Khong hai long Khong y kien Nam Nu 11 THONG TIN CA NHAN - Xin dng (bd) cho biit mdt sd thdng tin vi bdn thdn: C a u l : Tudi ( ) 45 Nam Cau_U: Trinh hgc vin D3.Daihgc 02 Nir Phd thdng D 2.Trung cip- cao ding 4.Thac sy 5.Tiln sy C a u J l : Thu nhap binh quan ciia gia dinh thang (bao gdm ca thu nhap tir cac ngudn khac nhau) (1) D - ' g c £ a » £ f t o m £ a a ; A ^ c t o g g Mng Dai hoc C a u j s : Vi tri lanh dao; • i,cap trucmg • j c j p phong ban ° ^•'"'P ' * ' " ' D Khong la lanh dao ° a p bp mon • Q p trung tam Cau 19: Ong (ba) la: • Dang vien n Doan vien n ^ r^ ^ u o Lj z-.r^udn vien • 3.Quan chung Cau20: Ong (ba) da tung lam chii nhiem cac ^t tai khoa hgc tir cSp trudng tro len? - Cap trudng ( ) lin - (3) lin trd len (4) Chua timg Cap bd (cip Dai Hgc Qudc gia Ha Ndi) (1) lin - (2)0 lin (2)0 lin (3) lin trd len (4) Chua tirng Cap Nha nude (1) lin (2)0 lin (3)0 lin trd len (4) Chua tirng *** Xin chdn cdm on vi su hap tdc cua ong hdi 121 Nguyen Thi Tliu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 Thai cua can bp vien chirc vdi viec phu nu'tham ni^ iSr.h A * = = — — • ^''"Ll^J^i^jiajanlidao tru'dng Dai hoc PHU LUC 3: DE CUOfNG PHONG VAN SAU Cau Xin 6ng(ba) cho bilt mot s6 chi tilt vl ban than: - Ten? - Tu6i? - Trinh hoac v^n? - Nghi nghiep? - Don vi cong tac? - Chiic vu hien nay? Cau 2: Ong (ba) co suy nghT gi vl ca cdu lanh dao theo gioi trudng Dai hgc ciia minh hien khong? Cau 3: Theo ong (ba) phu nu co nen tham gia vao lanh dao trudng khong? Tai sao? Cau 4: Neu tham gia lanh dao, phu nir nen giu vi tri gi? trudng hay phd? Cau 5: Ong (ba) danh gia nhu the nao vl nang lire lanh dao cua can bg nu trudng hien nay? Cau 6: Theo ong ba phu nu mudn tham gia lanh dao, ylu td nao la quan trgng nhdt? Cau 7: Theo dng (ba) dau la nhung the manh cua phu nu so vdi nam gidi tham gia vao lanh dao? Cau 8: Dau la nhung thuan lgi ciia phu nu so vdi nam gidi tham gia lanh dao? Cau 9: Neu hai can bg mot nam, mdt nu dugc de bat len mot vi tri lanh dao, dng (ba) se chgn ai? Tai sao? Cau 10: Ong (ba) cam th^y the nao neu cap tren ciia minh la nu gidi? Tai sao? Xin chdn cdm an vl su: hap tdc cua ong bd! 122 Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 Thai cua can bg vien chWc ^^1 mphgj£jhamgalanhJ^o^^ ^^^ ^^^ PHU LUC 4: DANH SACH CAC TRUONG HOP PHONG VAN SAU: Trircrug ho^p 1: Nam, 35 tudi, chuyen vien phdng, DH KHXH & NV Triro-ng hap 2: Nam, 40 tudi, giang vien DH Thuy Lgi Trirdng hgp 3: Nir, 36 tudi, giang vien trudng Dai hgc KHXH & NV Trirdng hap 4: Nir, 27 tudi, nhan vien phdng Quan ly sinh vien, Dai hgc Thuy Lgi Tru-dng hgp 5: Nir 37 tudi, lanh dao phdng, trudng Dai hgc Thuy Lgi Tru-dng hgp 6: Nir 53 tudi, trudng tam y tl trudng Dai hgc Thuy Lgi Tru-dng hgp 7: Nam, 57 tudi, phd hieu trudng trudng Dai hgcThuy lgi Trirdng hgp 8: Nam, 58 Uioi, trudng khoa , Dai hgc Thuy Lgi Trirong hgp 9: Nam, 32 tuoi, chuyen vien, Dai hgc KHXH & NV TriroTig hgp 10: Nam, 27 tudi, chuyen vien, Dai hgc KHXH & NV TriroTig hgp 11: PGS TS, nam, 50 tudi, giang vien Dai hgc KHXH & NV Trirdng hgp 12 : Nam, 33 tudi, thac sy, giang vien Dai hgc KHXH & NV Tru'dng hgp 13: Nu, chuyen vien, 42 tudi, trudng Dai hgc KHXH & NV *** 123 Nguyen Thj Thu Huyen CH - XHH 2004-2007 ... nG 'tham gia ianh dao trWdng Dai hoc THAI D O CUA CHl/ONG 2: CBVC V6l VIEC PHU NLT THAM GIA LANH DAO TRONG TRUING DAI HOC 2.1 Tong quan tinh hinh phu nir tham gia lanh dao hien ^ t F F -y Trong. .. bang tren Trong Dang bg truang Dai hgc Thuy lgi bao gom: Dang uy truang, Dang uy khoa va cac Chi bg, nhung ca 100% cac vien tham gia la nam giai (chi CO c4p Chi bg la c6 nir giai tham gia) Con... CUA CBVC V6l VIEC PHU NU" THAM GIA LANH DAO TRONG TRUING DAI HOC THUY LOI VA DH KHXH & NV 2.1 Tong quan tinh hinh phu nu tham gia lanh dao hien 2.2 Thuc trang phu nu tham gia lanh dao chinh quyen,