Purposeful Interviewing and Processes Chapter Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-1 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Social Systems Theory Purposeful interviewing Comprehensive questioning Morphostasis Common language Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-2 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Comprehensive Questioning Refers to questioning outside the expected Know that there is a bigger picture outside of that statement and contact Ask: Who did this to you? Are you ok? Talk to the kids at a disturbance! Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-3 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Morphostasis Continuation of a family is a priority Members work together against the intervening threat (the police) Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-4 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Common Language Borrowing the language from other disciplines provides technique The devices whose application enables us to accomplish our purposes Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-5 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Characteristics of Purposeful Interviewing Active listening Listen to what is being said and how it is said Notice change in tone, voice, and direction Rapport development Be respectful and patient Display sincere interest and provide reassurance Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-6 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Purposeful Interviewing Different goals require different approaches to interviewing Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-7 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Establish Interviewing Goals Examine the nature of the offense Determine if a crime was committed To identify the perpetrator Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-8 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Arson Who will profit? Is this for spite or revenge? Is it juvenile firesetting? Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-9 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Domestic Violence Determine the seriousness of the situation How often has this happened in the past? Have you ever been hospitalized due to these attacks? Has he/she ever threatened to kill you? Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-10 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Was a Crime Committed? Research the law concerning the crime to determine the elements needed for prosecution No crime has been committed if the basic elements cannot be satisfied Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-15 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Collect Evidence Testamentary evidence Spoken evidence collected through interviewing Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-16 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Collect Evidence Physical evidence Something that may be seen, heard, touched, smelled, or tasted, that may prove or disprove the involvement of someone Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-17 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Arson Rule out accidental causes of the fire such as heaters, appliances, fuses, or electrical outlets Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-18 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Incendiary Incendiary refers to the criminal setting on fire of buildings or other property Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-19 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Domestic is a Legally Recognized Relationship Determine the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator Each state defines “domestic” in a unique way Without a legally recognized relationship, the offense is not domestic violence Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-20 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Hate Crimes Defined A criminal offense which is committed against a person or property which is motivated by the offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnicity/national origin, or sexual orientation Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-21 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Rape Defined Any forced penetration, no matter how slight, is sufficient to constitute sexual intercourse Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-22 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Rape The majority of states only recognize females as rape victims Alternative legal protections may be considered for males Force and the will of the victim are elements of concern Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-23 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 White Collar and Fraud Crimes Defined Nonviolent crime usually committed in commercial settings for financial gain Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-24 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Identify a Perpetrator Obtain a physical description Make a risk assessment Never show a witness a photo or live lineup prior to developing a composite Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-25 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Primary Aggressor Determination Is not based on size, gender, or anger Question all parties separately Ask for history of abuse Consider self-defense when both are injured Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-26 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Numbers Needed Field identification Photo lineup One participant At least six photos Live lineup Minimum of four non-suspects Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-27 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Assessing Statement Accuracy Are there motivations for exaggeration? Do not accuse the person of lying, follow their leads Do not judge reliability on first impressions or moral evaluations Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-28 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Assessing Statement Accuracy Is the statement correct in part? Victim and witness memory may vary and cause some things to be left out or forgotten Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-29 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 ... approaches to interviewing Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-7 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Establish Interviewing. .. statement correct in part? Victim and witness memory may vary and cause some things to be left out or forgotten Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin... purposes Smart Talk: Contemporary Interviewing and Interrogation By Denise Kindschi Gosselin 3-5 © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Characteristics of Purposeful Interviewing