Solutions to develop payment Transaction via POS in Viet Nam = Giải pháp thúc đẩy giao dịch thanh toán qua POS tại Việt Nam

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH - NGUYỄN HUYỀN NHUNG SOLUTIONS TO DEVELOP PAYMENT TRANSACTION VIA POS IN VIET NAM GIẢI PHÁP THÚC ĐẨY GIAO DỊCH THANH TOÁN QUA POS TẠI VIỆT NAM LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH HÀ NỘI - 2018 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH - NGUYỄN HUYỀN NHUNG SOLUTIONS TO DEVELOP PAYMENT TRANSACTION VIA POS IN VIET NAM GIẢI PHÁP THÚC ĐẨY GIAO DỊCH THANH TOÁN QUA POS TẠI VIỆT NAM Chuyên ngành: Quản trị kinh doanh Mã số: 60 34 01 02 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: TS BÙI QUANG HƯNG Hà Nội - 2018 DEACLARATION The author confirms that the research outcome in the thesis is the result of author’s independent work during study and research period and it is not yet published in the other’s research and article The other’s research result and documentation (extraction, table, figure, formula, and other document) used in the thesis are cited properly and the permission (if require) is given The author is responsible in front of the Thesis Assessment Committee, Hanoi, School of Business and Management, and the laws for above-mentioned declaration ACKNOWNGEMENT During the study of this thesis, I received enthusiastic support from HSB, my company, the other organizations and my friends I would like to express my deepest thanks to all the collectives and individuals who have facilitated me to help during study and research this thesis First and foremost, I would like to thank the Faculty of Business Administration (HSB), Hanoi National University, and the teachers who have provided the knowledge to throughout the learning process I would like to express my gratefulness to Dr Bùi Quang Hưng, who has enthusiastically instructed, and provided valuable contributions to me to complete this thesis I also would like to express my sincere thanks to the Board of Directors and my collage at National Payment Corporation of Vietnam(NAPAS), our partners and member banks, for facilitating and assisting me in process of data collection, providing the relevant documents, answering the interview and the questionnaire to help me to complete this thesis Despite my efforts in the research process, the thesis still have inevitable shortcomings due to limited conditions, so I wishes to receive comments and feedback for further improvement TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF ACRONYMS i LIST OF TABLES ii LIST OF FIGURES iii LIST OF CHARTS iv Rationale Objects of research Scope of research .2 Aims of research .3 Research methodology Thesis Structure .4 CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS VIA POS AND TREND OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORLD .5 The concept of payment transaction via POS History and development of POS .8 POS technology development trend in the world .9 3.1 mPOS technology 11 3.2 NFC Technology 14 3.3 QRCode Technology 18 3.4 Biometric technology .21 CHAPTER 2: PAYMENT TRANSACTION VIA POS IN VIETNAM AND IMPLEMENTATION STATUS IN NATIONAL PAYMENT CORPORATION IN VIETNAM (NAPAS) 25 Payment transation via POS in Vietnam market 25 1.1 Overview of POS payment market in Vietnam .25 1.2 Trend of POS technology in Viet Nam 35 The status of POS payment at National Payment Corporation in Vietnam (NAPAS) 40 2.1 Introduction about National Payment Corporation in Vietnam .40 2.2 Status of POS payments at Napas 44 CHAPTER 3: EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVELOPING POS TRANSACTIONS IN VIETNAM AND NAPAS 55 Achievements 55 1.1 General achievements of POS payment market .55 1.2 Napas achievement 64 The shortcomings and limitations of payment via POS 66 2.1 From bank who provide service .66 2.2 From merchant 68 2.3 From NAPAS 68 2.4 From customers who use services 73 Reasons 74 3.1 Legal framework 74 3.2 Market plans .76 3.3 POS’s technology and infrastructure .78 3.4 Communication 79 CHAPTER 4: SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO DEVELOP TRANSTION VIA POS IN VIETNAM 80 Porpose solutions 80 1.1 The legal corridor .80 1.2 The market planning 82 1.3 The technology 84 1.4 PR activity 90 Recomendation 91 2.1 Recommendation with the State Bank .91 2.2 Recommendation with the ministries and other departments 92 2.3 Recommendation with NAPAS .93 2.4 Recommendation with banks 95 CONCLUSION 96 APPENDIX .97 LIST OF ACRONYMS No Abbreviations ATM Automated Teller Machine Napas National payment corporation in Vietnam SBV Sate bank of Vietnam VBCA Vietnam Banks Card Association ICSO International card switching organization MDR Merchant Discount Rate POS Point of Sale i LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Merchant Discount Rate in Vietnam .33 Table 2.2 Comparision among POS & ATM transaction volume, 33 Table 2.3 Numer of card and POS of Napas member banks 44 Table 2.4 POS transactions volume between Napas and whole market 49 Table 2.5 POS transaction value between Napas and whole market .50 Table 2.6: The POS payment transaction number and transaction value by member banks 51 Table 2.7 Fee revenue of POS transaction from 2013 to 2016 .52 Table 2.8: Fee for POS payment service of NAPAS 53 Table 3.1 List of related legal documents and policies to non-cash payment 60 Table 3.2 Comparison of growth rate of POS transaction number over the years 65 Table 3.3 Comparison of growth rate of POS transaction value over the years 65 ii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Transaction process on POS (off-us transaction) .7 Figure 1.2 Card transaction flow on POS (on-us transaction) Figure 1.3 mPOS devicet 12 Figure 1.4 NFC technology 15 Figure 1.5 QR Code 18 Figure 2.1 The model of on –us POS transaction by domestic card 29 Figure 2.2 The model of off-us POS transaction by domestic card 29 Figure 2.3 Model of POS transaction by international card 29 Figure 2.4 Progress of implement Merchants acceptance 30 Figure 2.5: Napas structure organization 42 Figure 2.6: Samsungpay event in Ho chi Minh 46 Figure2.7: The payment service model of Samsung Pay 47 iii LIST OF CHARTS Chart 1.1 World mPOS Payment Predictions (Unit: Billion) 14 Chart 1.2 Top 10 country use QR code in payment in thẻ world 21 Chart 2.1 Growth rate in number of POS machine in Vietnam 2007-2016 .25 Chart 2.2 Market share by number of POS in 31/12/2016, .26 Chart 2.3: The proportion of the number of cards in 31/12/2016 .27 Chart 2.4: The growth rate in number of cards during period 2006-2016 28 Chart 2.5 Proportion of domestic and international of payment transaction value via POS in 2012-2016 period 34 iv efficient and faster to assist the merchant There should be flexible fee packages for these merchants to suit with their business model and business scale This can be carried out either by the bank directly or by an intermediary Therefore, it can be seen that the m-POS implementation will help overcome the existing shortcomings/limitations of POS technology Furthermore, m-POS technology solutions will also provide benefits to stakeholders, including:  For banks  To reduce the investment costs and to increase business efficiency  To make an opportunity to expand customer categories using payment services  For merchants  Mobility: m- POS enables merchants to expand their payment capacity to a wide variety of services, not just traditional payment methods  Low initial investment cost: Not as traditional POS with initial investment cost is relatively expensive and not suitable for smallscaled merchants (including equipment, transmission line, etc., the initial investment for m-POS is much cheaper (only include a card reader which costs a few hundred thousand VND) It also takes an advantage of mobile devices of the merchants For large-scaled merchants, the low initial investment cost is one of the decisive factors to widespread the equipment for their agencies  Quickly register and fast implementation, simple operation  For customers The number of POS accepted points increased, extending to the types of businesses that POS type previously did not work, will provide customers with new service experiences In fact, m-POS has been implemented in the Vietnamese market and has showed the advantages over traditional POS systems, both for banks and merchants This technology model should be considered for further expansion to many types of 86 merchant Consumers need to be informed about this new technology so that they can see the safety and security like they perform the payment transactions on traditional POS machines, helping them feel more secured when making transactions Regarding QR-Code technology, the pioneers that develop and bring this technology to market should be the intermediaries, which have already owned a convenient payment means, such as e-wallet The feature of this type is the ability to deploy simple, low cost hence it will rapidly expand to a variety of different customers Besides, other modern technologies such as NFC, biometric technology, also needs to be considered to be researched and implemented, which helps to provide a simple, fast, convenient but secured card payment service to large number of users In order to put these modern technological applications into practice, ewallets should also be considered as a trend in the future In the world, e-wallets are becoming more and more popular and widely deployed E-wallets have also become popular with customers who usually use online payment With the development of technology and the customer demand for payment, e-wallets have been widely implemented and added more payment channels The Apple pay, for example, comes in 2014 With the Apple pay application, instead of using a physical credit or debit card, the bank account number will be coded and stored as a token with limited using scope As such, merchants never know the customers’ credit or debit card information as well as the card data not need to be passed through during the payment transaction processing 1.3.1 The application infrastructure improvement In order to push the development of POS payment, the application infrastructure has been improved and put into administration as well as applied uniformly To improve the application infrastructure, there are several solutions that should be implemented as follows: Firstly, to develop POS applications for ensuring to provide many services to customers, making it easier and more convenient for customers to pay with various 87 kinds of payment such as purchase, purchase with extra money, refunds, voids, billing, etc Specially, as CHIP-based card technology evolves, POS applications as well as HOST at banks need to be invested, modified and developed to support new payment requirements Secondly, to promote the applications for management and customer care In fact, this is one of the urgent needs that many organizations have already paid attention to invest in them Some specific application systems such as: (i) Application system for centralized management and administration, which helps managing POS equipment at the centre It can also update application, configure parameters at a remote POS, monitoring and administration to track the status of each POS so that you can have instant actions Availability of payment acceptance device (ii) Customer service systems such as customer loyalty systems, call-center application systems, etc., will help identify what is customers concerned and what is problems customers have, those can suggest purchasing power to them Finally, to improve the application infrastructure also increases customer service It can connect with many other sectors such as electricity, water, tax authorities, customs, treasury sector, etc to provide more value added services to customers 1.3.2 Security and privacy Regarding the security issue, PCI DSS standards need to be applied more closely and more broadly PCI DSS data security standards are created by the Security Standards Council for payment cards, including original members such as Visa, MasterCard, American Express (AMEX), Discover Financial Services, JCB International This standard was developed to assist card schemes to protect their cardholders’ data against unauthorized access and use of that data PCI DSS will help entrepreneurs mitigate vulnerabilities and the risk of information theft Simultaneously, it also enhances the protection of data stored on the card The goal of PCI DSS is to ensure the security of card data when it is processed and stored at banks and merchants PCI DSS is now helping to set the standards for card information security and applying globally 88 The latest version of the Verizon 2014 PCI Compliance Report says that many businesses are not adopting PCI DSS security standards Since then, they have put themselves at risk for data breaches, financial and reputation losses The report also stressed that card payment transactions are still the primary target of attackers, and the incidence of data breaches is growing rapidly However, the Verizon report also shows that the PCI DSS compliance has changed In 2013, more than 82% of businesses accepting card payment that comply with 80% of PCI requirements, well above the 32% of 2012 As the assessment of Trend Micro Vietnam, the application and compliance of PCI DSS of many organizations, banks is still confusing Banks in Vietnam should identify strategies to deploy and prioritize each stage of the security system They also need to carry out the work environment assessment and determine the compliance with the regulations on confidentiality The State Bank should closely guide to complete the chip card standards for Vietnam payment card market The trend of issuing pin cards and chip cards is one of the main trends in the world in because of the increase of card crime and the demand for card payment security The card market has been slowly switched to EMV-based credit and debit card software, a benchmark offered by EuroPay, Master-card and Visa, is called the chip card This standard is designed that card to be safer than current local debit cards Consequently, POS devices must be able to support this new standard in order to serve customers Issuers have set a deadline for transferring responsibilities when frauds occur Accordingly, businesses that not deploy new EMV-compliant chip technology to support chip cards will be held responsible for frauds The use of this new technology is not mandatory, but it is easy to see the need for businesses transform to that because it will increase the safety of themselves and their customers Currently, many countries in the region and in the world have been transitioning to chip cards Therefore, if Vietnam has not convert to chip card technology, the card frauds will accrue to Vietnam This is detrimental for banks when accepting card payment via POS The chip and pin card, along with the converted POS 89 payment system to accept EMV-compliant chip cards, will be a solution to enhance the security of payments The use of chip card standards will be a precondition for the development of new technologies such as NFC, QR Code as well as other technologies are emerging in the market, making the payment of customers are more diversified and easier 1.4 PR activity To develop card payment via POS, first of all people must understand the benefits of this payment method A better understanding will make them feel safer, more comfortable when using the service, from which the need to use the service will be inevitable In developed countries, the payment habits of people are through the banking system, so the development of card payment services is relatively easy Meanwhile, in underdeveloped or developing countries, the habit of spending in cash is ingrained in the minds of the people Therefore, the deployment and promotion of non-cash payment is difficult Card associations, banks should strengthen communication on the benefits of payment methods by card such as safety, security for that step by step to change the habits and perceptions of customers The habit of using cash in transactions is also deep in the awareness of business enterprises in Vietnam Therefore, changing habits of card users is not enough, it is necessary to change habits and awareness of businesses When they understand the benefits that non-cash payment brings to them, the will change the payment method, accept the payment by cards Moreover, the policies and regulations of the State Bank need to be propagated to enterprises so that they can understand and implement This will create favourable conditions for commercial banks to develop and expand the network of merchants Understanding and complying with the regulations of the Government, the State Bank will help remove some of the limitations of this service as the merchants collect surcharge to customers when they are conducting transactions card payment, or price difference between payment by card and payment in cash as well as avoid causing annoyance for users 90 In addition, state management agencies should require the mass media to make accurate, unambiguous statements about incidents in the field of bank card payment If the media is well managed, it will be an effective way of propagandizing the policies and orientations of the Government and the State Bank on non-cash payment, the benefits of this payment method They will play a huge role in promoting card payments in the population Recomendation 2.1 Recommendation with the State Bank As the regulator, the State management, the State Bank should take actions as follows: Study on the promulgation of the National Payment Law to create a unified legal framework for the whole operation of the national payment system, of which the card payment system is an important component At the same time, the State Bank of Vietnam also needs to revise and supplement Decree No 101/2012 / ND-CP on non-cash payment They also should issue a circular on banking card activities, which clearly stipulates the position and role of the National Automated Clearing System (ACH) and the role of the National Card Organization and The national payment gateway, are the focal points connected to regional and international retail payment systems At the same time, the policies on floor fee and ceiling one for transactions at merchants to ensure effective reinvestment of this service as well as the encouragement of non-cash payment transactions are also needed With regard to the issue of surcharge, the authorities should pay more attention and proper handling of the problem of charging customers by making payment via POS in accordance with the current regulations Accordingly, it is necessary to supplement the sanctions and effective measures in the draft circular on bank card activity to ensure strict implementation of this regulation in practice In addition, the State Bank should provide specific directions to promote noncash payment in general, payment by card via POS in particular in Vietnam such as technical orientation, technology orientation on the market; orientation on 91 communication and service promotion The construction and completion of the national electronic payment infrastructure is an important factor that strongly promotes the development of retail trade in general and payment through POS in particular The legal framework for new and modern payment services should be finalized early to meet the needs of developing new and modern payment types such as card payment on m-POS, QR code, etc The State Bank of Vietnam will have to monitor the implementation and request the parties to follow and implement seriously the guidelines and policies of the Government and the State Bank in promoting payment via POS, ensuring the effectiveness of those The content to be improved is not only a policy system and legal documents related to non-cash payment activities but also needs to create a fair competitive environment, ensuring fairness in the market access by stakeholders It is necessary to clearly define the rights and responsibilities of the subjects involved in payment operations, as a basis for appropriate legal risk control, ensuring compliance with international standards as well as controlling how to implement and apply appropriate sanctions 2.2 Recommendation with the ministries and other departments As the role of management involved in the issuance of mechanisms and policies for managing payment activity for market participants, the ministries or other departments should improve the electronic payment infrastructure, facilitating the expansion of connectivity with the electronic payment infrastructure of the banks, thereby developing the electronic payment transactions in general and payment transactions on POS in particular Regarding mechanisms and policies, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Trade jointly worked with the State Bank to promulgate appropriate mechanisms and policies, such as tax policies or preferential policies of sales, other policies relating to card payment via POS for merchants The convenient mechanisms and policies will play a big role in encouraging active merchants to 92 accept payment by card, thus contributing to the increase of card payment transactions in the purchases of customers The government and the ministries should consider to regulate the types of businesses that are required to accept payment by card from the beginning to transparently generate revenues from business operations and also create the basis for tax monitoring and management For example, some types of business such as travel, hotels, supermarkets, etc In terms of state management, this will help the management agencies can manage the revenue collection more effective against tax losses In addition, the ministries and other departments should have policies to deploy payment technology via POS, such as m-POS payment technology, for some types of payment services provided by SOEs such as bar electricity, water, taxes, other compulsory fees The application of m-POS technology in this area brings many benefits to both management agencies and people The Ministries should also study and recommend policies that encourage the electronic payment in sectors where the application and dissemination of POS is limited, for example businesses or retailers Specifically: - Proposing the conditions for granting business registration certificates for enterprises and retailers, that is to install card accepting equipment including but not limited to POS, m-POS and sign the contract with a bank to support customers shopping, spending by bank card - Applying preferential policies to enterprises and / or developing an honour programs for enterprises has strong growth in payment via POS Besides, the application of preferential policies for businesses to encourage the development of POS payment services, strict monitoring the application of sanctions, applying administrative penalties and / or withdrawal business license in case enterprises or retailers not comply with the regulation on payment via POS such as applying surcharges on customers 2.3 Recommendation with NAPAS Performing the role of the National Switching Center as assigned by the State Bank of Vietnam, NAPAS should perform the following tasks: 93 Firstly, to research and propose a common POS model in line with the real situation of card payment market in Vietnam A common POS network model that addresses the constraints of the market, facilitates the development of POS payment services, and contributes to the development of non-cash payments in Vietnam The model proposed by NAPAS will help create a uniform service environment that will compete equally for all banks in the market; to set up synchronized policies and procedures, and to be applied to other subjects involved Secondly, NAPAS needs to research new technologies for payments via POS that can be applied in Vietnam It also has to ask for advice and for approvals from the State Bank of Vietnam to implement that technology as well as propose to deploy them to banks in order to put these technologies into practice Thirdly, NAPAS should support the State Bank to supervise the commercial banks and related organizations in carrying out the policies related to non-cash payment issued by the Government and the State Bank On that basis, it will timely report difficulties in the implementation process in order to find out the solutions Next, to implement the issuance of chip card standards for the market for both issuers and acquirers This standard is designed to serve the security and safety for those cards issued in Vietnam The transition to chip card standards is an urgent need in the context of card crime is increasing and the demand for card payment security is more focusing In addition, POS facilities should be able to support that new standard for customer payment purposes The issuance and application of domestic chip card standards in Vietnam will contribute to increase the trust of customers related to security issues when make payments via POS, thereby promoting payment transactions via POS in Vietnam Last but not least is to research and introduce domestic card products in Vietnam to standardize card operations in the market By that, NAPAS can develop comprehensive and sustainable card products in the market with the payment utility via POS network in Vietnam, simultaneously enhancing the position of the domestic card on the local market It also contributes to increase the number of payment transactions by domestic cards via POS that gains the market share of 94 domestic card payment via POS compared with international cards as well as create momentum for card products with high technology and suitable with the situation in Vietnamese market (eg non-touch payment cards, prepaid cards for traffic services, etc.) National branded name card products will enhance the ability of customers to know about POS transactions, thereby contributing to promoting POS card payment In addition, the implementation of domestic card products will facilitate to carry out communications programs, marketing campaign to focus on promoting domestic payment transactions via POS 2.4 Recommendation with banks The Commercial banks should strictly implement the policies and guidelines from the Government and also the State Bank; ensure that all the merchants have to comply with the regulations of the State Bank in accepting payment via POS In addition, the commercial banks should work closely and support NAPAS in implementing new payment technologies to facilitate the POS transactions On their side, banks should focus on developing card payment infrastructure to focus on expanding the number of card issuance that helps to expand the market share Regarding the merchants, the banks should pay more attention to the training and caring for merchants, regularly update regulations and policies from the State Bank on card payment to merchants So that they can understand the process and provide services to customers Finally, banks need to be fully aware of the importance of communicating, promoting and coordinating with stakeholders how to carry out effectively communication programs and promoting services to clients 95 CONCLUSION With the efforts of the Government, the State Bank of Vietnam and other stakeholders, non-cash payment in general and payment via POS cards have been gradually becoming popular, replacing payment by Cash is risky and inconvenient However, the fact that the development of card payment via POS in Vietnam has not matched with the potential of the market, has not kept pace with the general trend in the region and in the world In addition, not all affiliates, from banks, Merchants and consumers are willing to use card payment to drive POS services development The habit of using cash in payment has not been significantly improved Based on the current situation, the subject has studied the overview of POS payment market in Vietnam; Further analysis of the market situation in general and Napas in particular in the development of POS payments The research also investigated the trend of technology development in the world as well as learn the payment model on POS in some countries and analysis of trends and payment models via POS in Vietnam From there, the author suggests the solutions to promote payment via POS in Vietnam include solutions on policy mechanism, technology, market planning and broadcasting In conclusion, I hope to receive comments to improve the topic 96 APPENDIX English: Alex Rolfee, 2014 Point of Sale (POS) forecast report http://www.mobilepaymentsworld.com Banks adopting biometrics against fraud http://www.paymentscardsandmobile.com/banks-adopting-biometrics-againstfraud/ Contactless payments mean card fraud now happens after cancellation, http://www.theguardian.com/money/2015/dec/19/contactless-payments-cardfraud-after-cancellation-bank-account Finextra, 2015 India proposes tax rebates for e-payments to discourage use of cash http://www.finextra.com Finextra, 2015 Danish shops to be given right to refuse cash 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Thủy, 2015 Thúc đẩy hoạt động sử dụng tốn qua ATM/POS Tạp chí Tài số kỳ 2, 2015 14 Lê Trung Thành, Đặng Cơng Hồn, 2015 Khuyến nghị số giải pháp phát triển dịch vụ TTKDTM Việt nam, Tạp chí Kinh tế Dự báo số 11, tháng 6/2015 15 NFC: Cơng nghệ biến ĐTDĐ thành Ví điện tử, 2016.http://vietbao.vn/ 16 Ngân hàng Nhà nước Việt Nam, 2015 NHNN yêu cầu tiếp tục đẩy mạnh phát triển toán thẻ qua POS 17 Ngân hàng Nhà nước, 2014 Thơng tư 46/2014/TT-NHNN hướng dẫn dịch vụ tốn không dùng tiền mặt 18 Ngân hàng Nhà nước Việt Nam www.sbv.gov.vn 19 Nguyễn Minh (Thời báo Ngân hàng Việt Nam), 2015 Đẩy mạnh toán qua POS http://thoibaonganhang.vn/day-manh-thanh-toan-qua-pos- 39853.html 20 Nguyễn Minh (Thời báo Ngân hàng Việt Nam), 2014 Sau khuyến khích cần chế tài http://thoibaonganhang.vn/thanh-toan-qua-pos-sau-khuyen-khich-canche-tai-4418.html 21 Phát triển dịch vụ MPOS Vietinbank, 2014 https://www.vietinbank.vn 99 22 QR Code – Phương thức tốn thơng minh lần đầu có mặt Việt Nam, https://id.vtc.vn 23 QR Code – Xu hướng bảo mật hay trào lưu Tạp chí an ninh tiền tệ & Truyền thơng, 2014 http://antt.vn 24 Thùy Nhi, MasterCard đẩy mạnh cơng nghệ tốn điện tử Việt Nam, 2014 http://baodautu.vn/ 25 TPBank cung cấp tiện ích xác thực thư bảo lãnh QR code Việt Nam,https://tpb.vn 26 Trịnh Thanh Huyền, 2013 Những rào cản phát triển tốn khơng dùng tiền mặt Việt Nam 27 Vietinbank triển khai toán di động tảng QR code https://www.vietinbank.vn 28 Vụ Thanh toán Ngân hàng Nhà nước, 2015 Tổng quan xu phát triển thị trường toán Việt Nam Tài liệu Banking 2015 29 http://thoibaonanhang.vn 30 www.mpos.vn 100