Test bank for essentials of understanding psychology 5th canadian edition by feldman

Page of 24 This chapter has 126 questions Scroll down to see and select individual questions or narrow the list using the checkboxes below questions at random and keep in order  Multiple Choice Questions - (81) Topic: 01-06 Historical Perspectives: What has Stood the Test of Time? - (1) True/False Questions - (27) Topic: 01-07 The Neuroscience Perspective: Biopsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience - (6) Short Answer Questions - (18) Topic: 01-08 The Psychodynamic Perspective: Understanding the Inner Person - (3) Odd Numbered - (63) Topic: 01-09 The Behavioural Perspective: Observing the Outer Person - (2) Even Numbered - (63) Topic: 01-10 The Cognitive Perspective: Identifying the Roots of Understanding - (1) Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation - (108) Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species - (9) Bloom's: Application - (34) Topic: 01-12 The Subfields of Psychology: Psychology's Family Tree - (3) Bloom's: Comprehension - (54) Topic: 01-13 Experimental Psychology: Sensation and Perception and More - (2) Bloom's: Knowledge - (38) Topic: 01-14 Developmental Psychology and Personality Psychology: Stability and Change Over Time - (1) Difficulty: Difficult - (3) Topic: 01-15 Health Psychology, Clinical Psychology, and Counselling Psychology: Psychological Factors and Mental Health - (1) Difficulty: Easy - (52) Topic: 01-16 Social Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology: Behaviour in Context - (4) Difficulty: Moderate - (71) Topic: 01-17 Psychology's Future: Expanding Psychology's Frontiers - (4) Gradable: automatic - (108) Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method - (8) Gradable: manual - (18) Topic: 01-19 Theories: Specifying Broad Explanations - (7) Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? - (9) Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions - (9) Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? - (9) Topic: 01-21 Psychological Research - (2) Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? - (18) Topic: 01-22 Descriptive Research - (5) Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in contemporary psychology? - (18) Topic: 01-23 Naturalistic Observation - (5) Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? - (15) Topic: 01-24 Survey Research - (4) Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? - (21) Topic: 01-25 The Case Study - (3) Learning Objective: 01-07 What role theories and hypotheses play in psychological research? - (3) Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? - (14) Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using experiments? - (10) Topic: 01-26 Correlational Research - (5) Topic: 01-27 Experimental Research - (4) Topic: 01-28 Experimental Groups and Control Groups - (3) Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research - (10) Topic: 01-29 Independent and Dependent Variables - (1) Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology - (11) Topic: 01-30 Random Assignment of Participants - (1) Topic: 01-02 Working at Psychology - (7) Topic: 01-31 Were Latane and Darley Right? - (3) Topic: 01-03 Careers for Psychology Majors - (2) Topic: 01-33 The Ethics of Research - (4) Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology - (11) Topic: 01-34 Should Animals be Used in Research? - (3) Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers - (8) Topic: 01-35 Threats to Experiment Validity: Experimenter and Participant Expectations - (3) Psychologists describe and explain, but are not concerned with predicting human behaviour True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? question #1 Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology The field of psychology provides insight into the inner workings of the brain → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? question #2 Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology Infants love their mothers primarily because their mothers fulfill their basic biological needs, such as providing food True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? question #3 Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology Since psychology is primarily counseling or a "talking" field, technological advances have less influence on it than on sciences True → False True / False Question question #4 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Page of 24 Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology Neither the subjects nor the experimenter knew which group had received the treatment This could be considered a double-blind procedure → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research question #5 Topic: 01-35 Threats to Experiment Validity: Experimenter and Participant Expectations One of the controversies concerning animal research involves the age of the animals used True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research question #6 Topic: 01-34 Should Animals be Used in Research? Psychologists are equally distributed in various workplaces throughout Canada True → False Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? question #7 Topic: 01-02 Working at Psychology A 2006 Quebec census showed that approximately 25 percent of psychologists worked in the health care and social assistance sectors True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? question #8 Topic: 01-02 Working at Psychology It is nearly impossible to work in the field of psychology without a doctoral degree True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? question #9 Topic: 01-02 Working at Psychology 10 Seven thousand years ago, people assumed that psychological problems were caused by evil spirits → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #10 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology 11 Franz Josef Gall's theory gave rise to the "science" of phrenology, which was used by practitioners in the nineteenth century → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #11 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology 12 Psychology's roots can be traced back to the ancient Greeks, who considered the mind to be a suitable topic for scholarly contemplation → True Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page of 24 False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #12 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology 13 Leta Stetter Hollingworth was the first woman to receive a doctorate in psychology True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #13 Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers 14 The neuroscience perspective places an emphasis on nurture True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question question #14 15 American-born Donald Hebb is known as the Father of neuropsychology True → False Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in True / False Question contemporary psychology? question #15 Topic: 01-07 The Neuroscience Perspective: Biopsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience 16 The Behavioural perspective grew out of a rejection of psychology's early emphasis on the inner workings of the mind → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in True / False Question contemporary psychology? question #16 Topic: 01-09 The Behavioural Perspective: Observing the Outer Person 17 An underlying viewpoint of the Humanists perspective was well described in the book entitled, "Man's Search for Meaning." → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in True / False Question contemporary psychology? question #17 Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species 18 Charles Darwin's book On the Origin of Species was published in 1859 → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #18 Topic: 01-07 The Neuroscience Perspective: Biopsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience 19 A psychologist with interests in behavioural neuroscience might wonder how damage to the brain affects a person's memory for important events → True False Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page of 24 True / False Question question #19 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? Topic: 01-07 The Neuroscience Perspective: Biopsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience 20 Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation is the final step in the scientific method True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #20 Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method 21 The development of a hypothesis occurs in the identifying questions of interest steps of a scientific method True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #21 Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions 22 Research-systematic inquiry aimed at the discovery of new knowledge-is a central ingredient of the scientific method in psychology → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-07 What role theories and hypotheses play in psychological research? question #22 Topic: 01-21 Psychological Research 23 It is important for the naturalistic observer to be unobtrusive and produce no unnecessary changes in the environment → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #23 Topic: 01-23 Naturalistic Observation 24 Loren is able to discriminate between valid research in psychology and pop psychology because she understands research methods → True False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #24 Topic: 01-22 Descriptive Research 25 Behaviours, events, or other characteristics that can change in some way are referred to as constants True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic True / False Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #25 Topic: 01-26 Correlational Research 26 In a negative correlation, as the value of one variable increases, the value of the other decreases → True False True / False Question question #26 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? Topic: 01-26 Correlational Research Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page of 24 27 Research which reveals that smoking causes lung disease can be said to reveal a positive correlation True → False Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using True / False Question experiments? question #27 Topic: 01-27 Experimental Research 28 When was Charles Darwin's book, On the Origin of Species published? 1529 1739 → 1859 1939 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #28 Topic: 01-17 Psychology's Future: Expanding Psychology's Frontiers 29 According to your text, the scientific method systematically acquire knowledge and understanding about behaviour and other phenomena of interest by using what type of approach? Step Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Step → Step Step Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #29 Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method 30 A survey of the geographic locations of psychologist by the Canadian Psychological Association indicates that Canadian living in urban areas such as Toronto, have access to almost _ times as many psychologists as Canadian living in rural settings → 10 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? question #30 Topic: 01-02 Working at Psychology 31 Dr Wright, was a pioneer in the field of developmental psychology, who also broke through the glass ceiling for female psychologists, also defied ageism stereotypes by working at the University of Western Ontario up until what age? 55 65 75 → 85 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #31 Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers 32 Case studies can provide in-depth information and may include which of the following? Large inner city populations A balance between genders and ethnic backgrounds in a city A comparison of small towns and large cities → A single individual or a small group Multiple Choice Question question #32 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Page of 24 Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? Topic: 01-25 The Case Study 33 Which of the following best describes the difference between a theory and a hypothesis? A theory is a prediction which can be tested while a hypothesis is a general statement A theory is the hypothesis after it is proved by testing A hypothesis is a proven theory → A theory is a general statement while a hypothesis is a prediction which can be tested Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Multiple Choice Question Topic: 01-19 Theories: Specifying Broad Explanations question #33 Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions 34 "Temperament is the product of socio-cultural factors." This statement is typical of which of the following? A hypothesis An operational definition → A theory A longitudinal study Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #34 Topic: 01-19 Theories: Specifying Broad Explanations 35 Who wrote "Man's Search for Meaning", and presented his views that one can find an experience meaningful even under the most brutal of circumstances? Sigmund Freud → Viktor Frankl Abraham Maslow Donald Hebb Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #35 Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species 36 Psychological research may place a subject in a situation in which she is unable to successfully solve a problem Researchers must examine this situation closely before exposing a human subject to insure which of the following? → No physical or mental harm will result An impatient subject will not distract from the results All dependent variables are controlled Manipulation is not restricted by the subject Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research question #36 Topic: 01-33 The Ethics of Research 37 Jake always dresses in a suit when he teaches class On a day that Jake is not wearing a suit; a co-worker predicts that he must not have a class to teach that day What has the co-worker formed? → An informal hypothesis A formal theory An informal theory A common sense explanation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #37 Topic: 01-22 Descriptive Research 38 The disease was rare but seemed to appear under specific conditions and then disappear again A research team was formed to search medical records and newspapers for clues to the relationship between the occurrence of the disease and the environmental conditions This is an example of which of the following? Naturalistic observation Experimental research → Archival research Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page of 24 A case study Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #38 Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions 39 Dr Demers is helping her patient understand that she has the power to make herself well She is facilitating her client's inherent ability to achieve fulfillment through exercising free will Dr Demers's counseling involves which perspective? → Humanistic perspective Information processing perspective Behavioural perspective Cognitive perspective Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #39 Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species 40 Sally is a psychologiest who explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease What is her area of expertise? → Health psychology Sports psychology Biological psychology Educational psychology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? Multiple Choice Question Topic: 01-15 Health Psychology, Clinical Psychology, and Counselling Psychology: Psychological question #40 Factors and Mental Health 41 Dr Shaw spends two years studying the people in a very small, remote European village While studying there, she administers many psychological tests to the residents to gain insight into their behaviours Which data collection method is Dr Shaw using? Experimental Archival → Case study Survey Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #41 Topic: 01-25 The Case Study 42 Archival research is often much more complex than it may appear Errors can be made in all of the following cases EXCEPT which one? A critical piece of information could be missing → Data may have been collected in the past Collection processes may be disorganized The required data may no longer exist Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #42 Topic: 01-22 Descriptive Research 43 Collection and analysis of data is done in which of the following steps of the scientific method? Formulating an explanation Identifying questions of interest Communicating the findings → Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation Multiple Choice Question question #43 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Page of 24 Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method 44 Which of the following is the final step in the scientific method? Formulating an explanation Identifying questions of interest → Communicating the findings Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #44 Topic: 01-19 Theories: Specifying Broad Explanations 45 Collection and analysis of data is done in which of the following steps of the scientific method? Formulating an explanation Identifying questions of interest Communicating the findings → Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Canadian Edition byExplanations Feldman question #45 Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology Topic: 01-195th Theories: Specifying Broad 46 Dr Growe is reading about a research study in which psychologists investigated the effect of group size on the conformity Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ of group members Dr Growe is most likely reading which psychology journal? Developmental → Social Counseling Evolutionary Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #46 Topic: 01-16 Social Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology: Behaviour in Context 47 Scientific methods which begin with the formulation of a question cannot arrive at a conclusion without the development of which of the following? An independent variable A correlation Dependent variable → An explanation or hypothesis Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using Multiple Choice Question experiments? question #47 Topic: 01-27 Experimental Research 48 Scientific method as applied to psychology follows several basic steps Which of the following describes the first step that is taken? Formulating a hypothesis → Identifying the question of interest Designing a theory Determining the procedure Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #48 Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method 49 During the experiment, a research assistant scanned the subjects in groups A, B, C, and D with a wand They had been told that the purpose of the project was to chart the amount of radioactivity in males versus females following the administration of a radioactive tracer From time to time, a buzzing sound came from the wand as it moved around each subject Four groups were necessary in order to which of the following? Provide a group for each male and female sections Test the affect of the independent variable on the placebo Determine the manipulation of the independent variable Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page of 24 → Have a control group which would receive the placebo for both males and females Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Difficult Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research question #49 Topic: 01-28 Experimental Groups and Control Groups 50 Sigmund Freud influenced thinking in psychology and many other fields when he suggested that behaviour is determined by which of the following? Social-cultural standards and stereotypes Perceptions which are not always accurate Development which waits on neurobiological changes → Content of the unconscious mind Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #50 Topic: 01-08 The Psychodynamic Perspective: Understanding the Inner Person 51 A psychologist with interests in which of the following might wonder how damage to the brain affects a person's memory for important events? → Behavioural neuroscience Experimental psychology Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Developmental psychology Health psychology Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #51 Topic: 01-17 Psychology's Future: Expanding Psychology's Frontiers 52 Psychodynamic perspective examines the inner world of the unconscious mind while the behavioural perspective does which of the following? Follows the lead as it develops a view of the preconscious mind Examines whole-part relationships → Emphasizes observable behaviour Insists that behaviour is the act of free will Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #52 Topic: 01-08 The Psychodynamic Perspective: Understanding the Inner Person 53 Which of the following is NOT one of the three newer branches of psychology's family tree? → Counseling psychology Behavioral genetics Evolutionary psychology Clinical neuropsychology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #53 Topic: 01-17 Psychology's Future: Expanding Psychology's Frontiers 54 What type of psychologist would concentrate on diverse topics such as human aggression, liking and loving, persuasion, and conformity? Counseling → Social Evolutionary Clinical Multiple Choice Question question #54 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Page 10 of 24 Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? Topic: 01-16 Social Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology: Behaviour in Context 55 What type of psychologists would concentrate on diverse topics such as human aggression, liking and loving, persuasion, and conformity? Counseling → Social Evolutionary Clinical Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #55 Topic: 01-16 Social Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology: Behaviour in Context 56 The purpose of the video camera was to capture the activity level of the rats following a high protein meal Once the rats had ingested the food, the camera began filming Dr Bake noted that when the camera was on, a bright camera light flooded the cage Dr Bake suspected that the research had been tainted by which of the following? The placebo affect Dependent variable variation → Experimental bias Ethical bias Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Difficulty: Difficult Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ question #56 Topic: 01-35 Threats to Experiment Validity: Experimenter and Participant Expectations 57 In the early twentieth century the movement which followed structuralism examined the human behaviours which allowed individuals to adapt to the requirements of environment What perspective is being described? Introspection → Functionalism Gestalt psychology Psychodynamic psychology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #57 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology 58 In order for a survey to produce valid results, the sample must which of the following? → Represent the broader population Be able to give "honest" responses to all questions Have equal numbers of each ethnic group Be taken in larger population areas Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #58 Topic: 01-24 Survey Research 59 What are evolutionary psychologists especially interested in? → How behaviour is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors How physical characteristics have a genetic basis How thoughts and behaviour are influenced by the structure of the brain How personality traits and social behaviour vary across cultures Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #59 Topic: 01-17 Psychology's Future: Expanding Psychology's Frontiers 60 Dr Stark believes that there is a relationship between the number of hours of study and final grade in a course His theory can be tested by forming which of the following? Theory Principle → Hypothesis Strategy Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 11 of 24 Multiple Choice Question question #60 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions 61 When is an outcome of statistical analysis considered significant? If the correlations are greater than 25 If the differences are equal to chance → If the differences are greater than that expected by chance If the dependent variable is not affected Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using Multiple Choice Question experiments? question #61 Topic: 01-31 Were Latane and Darley Right? 62 A 2006, Quebec census showed that approximately 75 percent of psychologists worked in which two areas? Hospitals and social assistance sectors → The health care and social assistance sectors In education services and the health care Local community service centres and in education Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? question #62 Topic: 01-02 Working at Psychology 63 In an interesting experiment designed by several psychology students, a student pretended to complain about the coffee at Tim Horton's The researchers counted students who overhearing the complaints joined in the objections to the quality of the coffee Which of the following describes the member of the research team who initiated the complaints? → Confederate Dependent variable Independent variable Replicator Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using Multiple Choice Question experiments? question #63 Topic: 01-31 Were Latane and Darley Right? 64 In general which of the following best describes psychology? → Is the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes Is the scientific study of differences between humans and animals Is the scientific study of unconscious motivations Is the scientific study of cross-cultural differences Multiple Choice Question question #64 65 What is the outcome if a hypothesis is too broad? → It cannot be tested It cannot be changed It cannot provide a theory estimate It cannot enhance the theory Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions Multiple Choice Question question #65 66 What is the focus of social psychology? It focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems It deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 12 of 24 → It investigates the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures and ethnic groups It is the study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #66 Topic: 01-16 Social Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology: Behaviour in Context 67 Which of the following best describes why it is important to understand scientific method before launching into a study of psychology? It provides a basis for comparison It must be used in all term projects in psychology → It provides a basis of evaluating research It allows students to test each hypothesis presented Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #67 Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method 68 According to the prologue, which of the following BEST describes the reason the author of your text thinks it is important to study psychology? It gives you the tools to conduct assessments on your friends and family Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman It gives you the diagnostic tools to complete a self assessment ItFull provides first step in planning a clinical therapy practice filean atimportant https://TestbankDirect.eu/ → It gives you insight into the workings of the brain Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? question #68 Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology 69 Which two historical figures believed that some knowledge was inborn in humans? Plato and John Locke → Renée Descartes and Plato John Locke Wilhelm Wundt and John Locke Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #69 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology 70 Who believed that children were born into the world with minds like "blank slates"? Plato Renée Descartes → John Locke Wilhelm Wundt Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #70 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology 71 Fred is presenting the outcomes of an experiment he conducted in a talk at a regional psychology conference Fred is engaged in the _ step of the scientific method, namely _ first; communicating results first; formulating an explanation → last; communicating results last; formulating an explanation Multiple Choice Question question #71 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method Page 13 of 24 72 Which woman collected data to refute the view, popular in the early 1900s, that women's abilities periodically declined during parts of the menstrual cycle? Mary Calkins Margaret Floy → Leta Stetter Hollingworth Mary J Wright Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #72 Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers 73 Dr Clarke is a humanist who supports the ability of people to exercise their free will and make intentional choices When Mark's wife left him because he had hit her and destroyed some of their property during a fit of rage, which of the following did Dr Clark consider? Mark to be too ill to be responsible for his behaviour Mark to be justified in his behaviour Mark to be unable to control the inner urgings of the unconscious mind → Mark to be responsible for his behaviour Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of5th psychology shapeEdition the majorby approaches Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology Canadian Feldmanin Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #73 Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ 74 According to the prologue, the text's authors provided all the following positive reasons to study psychology EXCEPT which one? → It gives students the diagnostic tools to enable them to complete a psychological self assessment Business students learn how brain hemispheres can help determine which field of study is best for them Marketing student discover how addressing the needs of customers can enhance profits It gives health science students an appreciation of how human connection plays a role in physical healing Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? question #74 Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology 75 Who became the first woman to become president of the Canadian Psychological Association? Karen Horney Leta Stetter Hollingworth → Mary J Wright Anna Freud Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #75 Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers 76 What does the use of a theory and hypothesis in psychological research allow for? Psychologists to reduce the consistency of the question Questions to find a common ground → Movement into the unknown It to be easily published Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Multiple Choice Question Topic: 01-19 Theories: Specifying Broad Explanations question #76 Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions 77 Although Fatima sat at the back of the classroom to make her observation of high school students, it was clear that the students were "performing." Her presence had changed their behaviour and would adversely affect her research Fatima is using what type of research? Descriptive research Survey research → Naturalistic observation Correlational research Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 14 of 24 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #77 Topic: 01-23 Naturalistic Observation 78 A researcher wants to study how the public display of affectionate behaviour (e.g., kissing, holding hands, hugging) changes as people age He visits ten shopping centers and records the number of times couples behave affectionately toward each other, and he also makes a reasonable guess as to how old they are Which type of research method was used in this study? Archival Experimental → Naturalistic observation Participant observation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #78 Topic: 01-23 Naturalistic Observation 79 Most mothers recognize that their children are different from one another in many ways In fact, a typical mother will confirm that she knew that "this one will be different" prior to birth by the activity level in the womb What does this mother believe causes differences? Nurture Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Environment → Nature Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ The unconscious mind Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #79 Topic: 01-13 Experimental Psychology: Sensation and Perception and More 80 In the discussion of significance of nature or nurture in determining behaviour and mental processes, what most psychologists think? Support the role of nature as the most powerful influence View the role of nurture as the most powerful influence No longer view either as influences → Support a combination of both Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? Multiple Choice Question Topic: 01-14 Developmental Psychology and Personality Psychology: Stability and Change Over question #80 Time 81 What are broad explanations and predictions concerning phenomena of interest? → Theories Hypotheses Operational definitions Suppositions Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #81 Topic: 01-19 Theories: Specifying Broad Explanations 82 A team of psychology students would like to expose their classmates to an embarrassing experience in order to gather data for their term project Their instructor, Dr Smith has asked them to read the ethical guidelines published by the Canadian Psychological Association What does Dr Smith want them to understand? They will have to refrain from manipulating the dependent variable They need to set limits on the emotional responses which might occur → Participants need to be informed concerning the nature of the procedures before consenting to take part Most college students regard such experiments as positive Multiple Choice Question question #82 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Page 15 of 24 Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research Topic: 01-33 The Ethics of Research 83 All of the following are problems with survey research EXCEPT which one? Survey data are unhelpful if the sample does not represent the population Loaded questions can lead to biased responses People may lie about their socially undesirable behaviours and attitudes → Surveys really cannot measure people's attitudes with any accuracy Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #83 Topic: 01-24 Survey Research 84 Structuralism as viewed by Wilhelm Wundt views conscious experience in small pieces by examining which of the following components? Memory loss Personality → Perception Learning problems Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology Canadian Edition Feldman Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 5th 01-03 What are the origins by of psychology? question #84 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ 85 All of the following represent a primary goal of psychologists EXCEPT which one? Describe phenomena Explain phenomena Predict phenomena → Market tests of phenomena Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? question #85 Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology 86 In the early 1900s many universities refused to which of the following? Establish laboratories in psychology Recognize psychology as a science Present degrees in psychology unless the student held a equal degree in a "hard" science → Admit women to their graduate psychology programs Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #86 Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers 87 Which psychological perspective would maintain that each of us has the capacity to seek and reach fulfillment? Behavioural → Humanist Psychodynamic Cognitive Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #87 Topic: 01-12 The Subfields of Psychology: Psychology's Family Tree 88 Which of the following best explains the broad interest in neuroscience? → All behaviour has some biological component Research in neurobiology is frequently published Recent changes in treatment are the result of breakthroughs in neuroscience More psychologists major in neuroscience than any other specialty Multiple Choice Question question #88 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Page 16 of 24 Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in contemporary psychology? Topic: 01-07 The Neuroscience Perspective: Biopsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience 89 A group of volunteer subjects waited in a quiet room for the experiment to begin An experimenter entered the room and looked about at each of the subjects as if attempting to make a decision "Subject number 12, please step forward, " she stated with formality Monica suspected her number would be called because of the way the research assistant looked at her when they first entered the room Which of the following did the research assistant exhibit? Experimental uncertainty Reasonable doubt Research variability → Experimental bias Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research question #89 Topic: 01-35 Threats to Experiment Validity: Experimenter and Participant Expectations 90 In order to increase understanding of specific behaviours, psychologists utilize which of the following? Humanistic perspective Determinism → Scientific method Case studies Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #90 Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method 91 Locke proposed that our minds at birth are which of the following? Flexible due to neurological changes Have established patterns of learning → Similar to "blank slates." Contain memories from the womb Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #91 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology 92 Angela is being counseled by a psychologist who recognizes that many of her problems are out of her control They agree that she is the product of her environment and that outside her choices can change her behaviour for the better This position reflects which of the following point of view? Free will → Determinism Structuralism Functionalism Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #92 Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species 93 A cognitive research team had worked on a longitudinal study with a group of rhesus monkeys from the time of their birth to their death The researchers were particularly interested in seeing that the monkeys lived long, healthy lives The use of such a population enabled the researchers to which of the following? Have a healthy monkey to study when needed → Examine cognitive aging in a controlled population Substitute a population with a consistent background for humans who have different backgrounds Examine independent variables over an extended period of time Multiple Choice Question question #93 94 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Difficult Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using experiments? Topic: 01-28 Experimental Groups and Control Groups Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 17 of 24 A researcher polls shoppers in a local mall about their attitudes toward raising sales tax to support improved education This researcher is probably using which research method? Experimental Archival → Survey Observational Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? question #94 Topic: 01-24 Survey Research 95 When his favourite show came on television, three year old Eric heard his dog bark "Doggy likes my show too, " he informed his mother." What does Eric believe? That his mother caused his dog to bark at the television That there is a correlation between the television program and the dog's bark → That there is a cause and effect relationship between the television program and the dog's bark That the barking dog caused the television program to begin Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using Multiple Choice Question Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition byexperiments? Feldman question #95 Topic: 01-26 Correlational Research 96 It could be theorized thatatthere is a relationship between disposition and environment In other words, as the temperature Full file https://TestbankDirect.eu/ increases so difficulties with the dispositions of individuals This would indicate which of the following? A negative correlation → A positive correlation The absence of correlation A change in correlation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using Multiple Choice Question experiments? question #96 Topic: 01-26 Correlational Research 97 What is one of the advantages of majoring in psychology? → The development of strong analytical thinking skills The development of statistical abilities The development of improved math skills The development of verbal abilities Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? question #97 Topic: 01-03 Careers for Psychology Majors 98 "Marvin can't change his behaviour He has always been afraid of new experiences." Which of the following is most reflective of this type of statement? The humanistic perspective → Determinism The free will point of view Introspection Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #98 Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species 99 As the days grew shorter and periods of darkness increased, depression among members of the community also increased What is the dependent variable in this relationship? The darkness The number of hours The length of the day → The amount of depression in the community Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 18 of 24 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using Multiple Choice Question experiments? question #99 Topic: 01-29 Independent and Dependent Variables 100.The researcher gave different amounts of medication to each patient in order to determine which amount was most effective in killing the bacteria What is the dosage in this experiment? → The independent variable The dependent variable The negative correlation The positive correlation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using Multiple Choice Question experiments? question #100 Topic: 01-27 Experimental Research 101.Which of the following describes what behaviours, behavioural neuroscientists are interested in? Rewards and punishments Emotions The presence of Essentials others Test Bank for of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman The brain and nervous system → Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? question #101 Topic: 01-02 Working at Psychology 102.Behavioural neuroscientists are interested in the ways which of the following best affects behaviour? Rewards and punishments Emotions The presence of others The brain and nervous system → Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #102 Topic: 01-07 The Neuroscience Perspective: Biopsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience 103.Lacey is studying psychology and has been impressed by the principles of humanistic perspective Which of the following will most likely support? The individual difference point of view → The universal principles point of view The role of genetics in determining behaviour The dictates of neurochemistry in determining thought and behaviour Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question #103 Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species 104.Psychologists rely on which of the following to answer their questions about human behaviour and cognitive processes? Intuition and experience Common sense The scientific method → Anecdotal evidence Multiple Choice Question question #104 105 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-01 What is the science of psychology? Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology Page 19 of 24 "Students with larger vocabularies will make higher scores on any intelligence test." This statement is typical of which of the following? Hypothesis → Operational definition Theory Longitudinal study Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? question #105 Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions 106.Which statement best describes one of the problems with using college students as subjects of research? They are often deceptive They may not be a good representative sample when compared to the general population → They often suspect the response the experimenter wants and supply it They often suspect the response the experimenter wants and deny it Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research question #106 Topic: 01-27 Experimental Research Test Bank for Essentials Understanding 5thofCanadian Edition by Feldman 107.In Massachusetts both Wilhelm Wundt ofof Germany and WilliamPsychology James did which the following? They support John Locke's theory of "tabula rasa." Fullused fileintrospection at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ They as a research technique They were structuralists → They established psychology laboratories in the late 19th century Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #107 Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology 108.The work of Leta Stetter Hollingworth in the early 1900s indicated which of the following? Women are more susceptible to emotional disorders than men The cognitive abilities of women not decline during the menstrual cycle → Women live longer than men Women display superior emotional stamina to that of men Multiple Choice Question question #108 109.Identify and describe the three goals of psychologists Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: automatic Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers Explanation: There are three goals that guide what psychologists do: description, explanation, and prediction Psychologists try to describe the behaviour that they observe, and then they try to explain why that behaviour occurs or what factors influence it Finally, they try to predict under what conditions that behaviour will occur again Short Answer Question question #109 110.Where psychologists work in Canada? Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology Explanation: Psychologists work in many different employment settings, including post-secondary institutions, schools, hospitals, and community-based agencies Although no national data exist, a 2006 Quebec census showed that approximately 75 percent of psychologists worked in the health care and social assistance sectors Psychologists also worked in hospitals (14 percent) and local community service centres (8 percent) About 18 percent of psychologists worked in education services (18 percent) (Statistics Canada, 2013) One of the biggest challenges for Canadians is finding access to health services in Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 20 of 24 rural areas (Government of Canada, 2002) Short Answer Question question #110 111.What is Introspection? Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-02 Where psychologists work? Topic: 01-02 Working at Psychology Topic: 01-03 Careers for Psychology Majors Explanation: A procedure used to study the structure of the mind in which subjects are asked to describe in detail what they are experiencing when they are exposed to a stimulus Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Short Answer Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #111 Topic: 01-01 The Science of Technology 112.You have been invited to participate in a program aimed at encouraging high school girls to pursue scientific careers You wish to tell the girls that despite formidable obstacles, women made many important contributions to the science of psychology in its earliest days Outline several points you might make in support of your argument Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Explanation: Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Students' answers may vary At the turn of the 20th century, women were often barred from pursuing advanced degrees in psychology Nevertheless, many women made key contributions to the field, including: Mary J Wright became the first female president of the Canadian Psychological Association in 1969 In 2001, Dr Wright, a pioneer in the field of developmental psychology, was awarded the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Lifetime Contributions to Canadian Psychology (Wright, 2002) In addition to breaking through the glass ceiling for female psychologists, Dr Wright defied ageism stereotypes by working until the age of 85 at the University of Western Ontario (Rumleski, 2007) Leta Stetter Hollingworth: She focused on child development and women's issues and refuted the notion that women's abilities decline during portions of the menstrual cycle Mary Calkins: She studied memory and was the first female president of the American Psychological Association Karen Horney: She focused on the sociocultural foundations of personality June Etta Downey: She spearheaded the study of personality traits and was the first woman to head a psychology department at a state university Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? Short Answer Question Topic: 01-04 The Roots of Psychology question #112 Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers 113.Describe some of the key contributions of psychologist Leta Stetter Hollingworth Explanation: Leta Stetter Hollingworth had interests in child development and issues that affected women Some of her most notable research showed that women's task performance does not vary across their menstrual cycle, challenging a common belief of the time Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Gradable: manual Short Answer Question Learning Objective: 01-03 What are the origins of psychology? question #113 Topic: 01-05 Women in Psychology: Founding Mothers 114.Describe a current event or topic of public interest Suggest how at least two of the major perspectives in contemporary psychology might shed light on the topic Explanation: Any event or topic can be mentioned as long as it is plausibly connected to two of the perspectives as they are defined in the text Example: School violence-a behavioural approach might focus on a history of being reinforced for aggressive behaviour, or on having witnessed media models being reinforced for aggressive behaviour A humanistic approach might suggest Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 21 of 24 that violent students are often loners and relatively low-status or powerless in their peer group and thus resort to drastic measures to gain power or control, or respect Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in contemporary psychology? Topic: 01-06 Historical Perspectives: What has Stood the Test of Time? Topic: 01-07 The Neuroscience Perspective: Biopsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience Topic: 01-08 The Psychodynamic Perspective: Understanding the Inner Person Topic: 01-09 The Behavioural Perspective: Observing the Outer Person Short Answer Question Topic: 01-10 The Cognitive Perspective: Identifying the Roots of Understanding question #114 Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species 115.What are some of the fundamental differences between the humanistic and behavioural approaches in psychology? Explanation: Psychologists in the humanistic perspective believe that behaviour is largely the result of people's free choice That is, people have the freedom to choose their own behaviours, and those choices typically help them to achieve self-fulfillment Importantly, humanists like Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow believed that all people had the potential to reach personal fulfillment In contrast, traditional behaviouralists believed that human behaviour was governed by environmental factors that are outside an individual's control Behaviouralists like John Watson believed that a person could shape an organisms behaviour simply by controlling the rewardingness of the consequences associated with the behaviour The humanistic and behavioural psychologists also differ in their orientation toward internal states versus observable behaviours foronEssentials of(e.g., Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian by Feldman HumanistsTest preferBank to focus internal states fulfillment), whereas behaviourists tend to focusEdition on behaviours that can be directly observed and measured Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-04 How did the history of psychology shape the major approaches in Short Answer Question contemporary psychology? Topic: 01-11 The Humanistic Perspective: The Unique Qualities of the Human Species question #115 116.Briefly describe the nature versus nurture controversy Explanation: The nature-nurture controversy addresses whether behaviour is determined largely by genetic factors, by environmental factors, or by some combination of both kinds of factors Some psychologists believe that behaviour is primarily shaped by the information we inherit from our parents Such a belief is particularly popular among the neuroscience and behavioural genetics perspectives, for example Other psychologists believe that behaviour is primarily shaped by the environments in which we live and work Such a view would be common among social and behavioural perspectives More modern views on the controversy reflect the belief that both nature and nurture shape human behaviour That is, we are probably born with genetic predispositions toward certain kinds of behaviour and mental characteristics However, without an appropriate environment, those predispositions will never manifest in actual behaviour or mental processes Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Short Answer Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #116 Topic: 01-12 The Subfields of Psychology: Psychology's Family Tree 117.Dr MacGyvers is a developmental psychologist; Dr Cooper is a cross-cultural psychologist; and Dr Breaux is a cognitive psychologist For each of these psychologists, briefly define the subfield in which he or she specializes and suggest one issue or question in which he or she might be especially interested Explanation: Students' suggestions may vary Developmental psychology-examines how people grow and change throughout the life span Sample issue or question: how children's problem-solving abilities change through the elementary and middle-school years Cross-cultural psychology-examines the similarities and differences in psychological functioning among various cultures Sample issue or question: whether depression is experienced and expressed differently in Asian cultures than in western cultures Cognitive psychology-studies higher mental processes, such as memory, thinking, problem solving, decision making, and language Sample issue or question: how memory of an event is influenced by subsequent experiences Short Answer Question question #117 Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? Topic: 01-13 Experimental Psychology: Sensation and Perception and More Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 22 of 24 118.Evolutionary psychology, behavioural genetics, and clinical neuropsychology are three growing fields on the frontiers of today's psychology Briefly describe each of these fields and suggest a topic that a psychologist in each might investigate Explanation: Students' suggestions may vary Evolutionary psychology-examines how behaviour reflects our genetic heritage Sample issue or question: the evolutionary basis of gender differences in mate selection preferences Behavioural genetics-explores the genetic mechanisms that allow inherited behaviour to unfold Sample issue or question: the chromosomal abnormalities that might underlie certain learning disabilities Clinical neuropsychology-focuses on the origin of psychological disorders in biological factors Sample topic: brain chemistry abnormalities underlying bipolar disorder Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Short Answer Question Learning Objective: 01-05 What are the important subfields in the field of psychology? question #118 Topic: 01-12 The Subfields of Psychology: Psychology's Family Tree 119.Why is it advisable to use random assignments in experimental groups? Explanation: Random assignments provide an equal chance of having a particular attribute such as gender, age of ethnic background appear in a condition or a group This procedure considers the complexity of human characteristics A researcher would Test Bank for Essentials Understanding Psychology 5thbackground, Canadianage, Edition Feldman be unable to equally distribute personalityof characteristics, physical characteristics, culture,by and other attributes Random assignments increase the likelihood of equal distribution Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Topic: 01-18 The Scientific Method Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions Short Answer Question Topic: 01-28 Experimental Groups and Control Groups question #119 Topic: 01-30 Random Assignment of Participants 120.The text opens the research methods chapter by recounting Kitty Genovese's rape and murder, in which not a single neighbour came to her aid Describe how each step of the scientific method might be applied to better understand such a phenomenon Explanation: The answer should include all three steps of the scientific method: Identifying a question of interest: How could it be that absolutely no one in a crowded city would help a women being raped and killed? That's disturbing; let's use the scientific method to find an answer Formulating an explanation: Psychologists Latane and Darley developed an explanation, or theory, based on the notion of diffusion of responsibility The more bystanders there are, the more the responsibility for helping is perceived to be spread among them Thus, the more bystanders, the smaller the share of responsibility felt by any one bystander, and the less likely he or she is to help Carrying out research: The answer should describe an experimental scenario in which the number of bystanders to a staged emergency is varied and the helping behavior of the participant is measured Bonus: Sharing the findings can follow! The results of the experiment should be published as a journal article or presented at a conference Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-06 What is the scientific method? Short Answer Question Topic: 01-31 Were Latane and Darley Right? question #120 121.Distinguish between a hypothesis and a theory Provide an example of a hypothesis, along with operational definitions of the variables included in your hypothesis Explanation: Hypothesis is a specific prediction regarding the relationship between two variables Theories are broad explanations of the phenomena of interest The answer should further suggest that a hypothesis is more specific than a theory Next, the answer should contain a single-sentence hypothesis, including some notion of both an independent and a dependent variable Finally, both the independent and dependent variables should be operationalized, or stated in quantifiable terms Examples: intelligence = score on an intelligence test; partying = hours per week spent consuming alcohol or other psychoactive substances in the company of one or more other people; grades = GPA Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 23 of 24 Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-07 What role theories and hypotheses play in psychological research? Short Answer Question Topic: 01-19 Theories: Specifying Broad Explanations question #121 Topic: 01-20 Hypotheses: Crafting Testable Predictions 122.Using the scientific method, how would a psychologist study why some adolescents experiment with drugs? Explanation: To answer the question of why adolescents experiment with such drugs as alcohol and nicotine, a researcher would begin by identifying a question that interests her In this case, the general question has been identified, but the researcher may want to narrow her focus by identifying more specific questions Perhaps she might want to ask questions about the cognitive causes of drug use, or the emotional causes, or the behavioural causes Asking specific questions will help the researcher to formulate focused explanations of the behaviour, the second step of the scientific method For example, the researcher might explain the causes of drug experimentation in adolescence from a cognitive perspective, suggesting that adolescents come to erroneous judgments about the risks involved with using drugs Finally, the researcher would design a way to test this explanation and collect data from adolescents If the data failed to support the explanation, the researcher would then refine her hypothesis about why adolescents experiment with drugs Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Easy Gradable: manual Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian by Feldman Learning Objective: 01-06 WhatEdition is the scientific method? Learning Objective: 01-07 What role theories and hypotheses play in psychological research? Topic: 01-21 Psychological Research Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Short Answer Question Topic: 01-22 Descriptive Research Topic: 01-23 Naturalistic Observation question #122 123.List and briefly describe three descriptive research methods Provide an original example of each Identify one advantage and one disadvantage of each of the methods you describe Explanation: The answer should contain three of the following descriptive methods, along with a description, an example, an advantage, and a disadvantage Archival research: Description: existing data or records are used to test a hypothesis Example: using crime statistics available from the government Advantage: inexpensive Disadvantage: records may not be systematic or in a form that ideally suits the purpose of the investigation Case study: Description: a detailed examination of a single individual Example: in-depth study of an individual with dissociative identity disorder Advantage: rich source of data Disadvantage: may not generalize to other cases Naturalistic observation: Description: thought or behaviour is systematically examined in the environment in which it typically occurs Example: recording instances of helping or acts of consideration in an office to examine prosocial behaviour at work Advantage: provides a sample of people in their natural environment Disadvantage: does not allow control over the factors of interest Survey: Description: participants are asked a set of questions about their thought and behaviour Example: an inventory of 40 questions related to depression Advantage: generalizable using relatively small sample; usually inexpensive and rapid Disadvantage: people may not be aware of their attitudes or behaviour; people may answer in a way that does not reflect their true attitudes or behaviour Bloom's: Application Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-08 What research methods psychologists use? Topic: 01-22 Descriptive Research Topic: 01-23 Naturalistic Observation Short Answer Question Topic: 01-24 Survey Research Topic: 01-25 The Case Study question #123 124.What can we learn from a correlation coefficient? What can't we learn from a correlation coefficient? Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 24 of 24 Explanation: We can learn two pieces of information from a correlation coefficient First, we can determine the direction of the relationship between two variables If the coefficient is positive, then we know that as values of one variable increases, values on the other variable also increase Similarly, if values on one variable decreases, then values on the other variable also decrease If the coefficient is negative, then we know that as values on one variable increases, values on the other variable decreases Second, we can determine how strong the relationship is between variables Values range from -1.0 to +1.0 Values that are closer to + 1.0 indicate a strong relationship, and values close to 0.0 indicate no relationship between variables Correlation coefficients can only tell us about the relationship between two variables, but they cannot tell us whether that relationship is a causal one That is, the coefficient does not tell us which variable causes changes in another Therefore, we are unable to make causal statements about the relationship between variables that are based on correlational research Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-09 How psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using Short Answer Question experiments? question #124 Topic: 01-26 Correlational Research 125.What steps are involved in the informed consent process? Why is informed consent so important in psychological research? Explanation: Participants must be protected from physical and psychological harm, so they must be aware of any costs or risks associated with participating in a research study before a research study begins Informed consent is the process of giving potential participants enough information of about a study, its procedures, risks, and costs and benefits so thatby theyFeldman can make Test Bank for Essentials Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition an educated decision about whether or not to participate Their privacy must be protected by ensuring that their data remain anonymous and/or confidential They must know that their participation is fully voluntary and that they can Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ withdraw from the study at any time This reduces the participants' feelings that their participation is required or that they are being coerced Also, it allows them to quit a study and withdraw their data without fearing that they will be punished or penalized in some way by the experimenter (who, in some cases, may be their professor) Finally, participants must be given enough information about the study and the procedures involved so that they can make a reasonable decision about whether or not to participate The only time that a researcher would not obtain informed consent is if an ethics panel agrees that the risks involved in the research are minimal Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research Topic: 01-33 The Ethics of Research Short Answer Question Topic: 01-34 Should Animals be Used in Research? question #125 126.What arguments people make when suggesting that animals should not be used in psychological research? How researchers who use animal subjects respond to such criticisms? Explanation: Critics of animal research argue that animals are entitled to the same rights as human beings, and so they should not be subjected to pain or discomfort Also, because animals cannot consent to participate in a research study, it is unethical to use them as subjects Some critics also argue that research with animals has little to say about how human beings think, feel, and behave Researchers who use animals in their studies respond to such criticisms by pointing out that ethical guidelines are in place to protect the physical comfort and psychological well-being of animal subjects Distress and physical discomfort are induced only when alternative procedures are unavailable These researchers also argue that some behavioural processes, such as development, are easier to observe in animals than in humans, and greater experimental control is possible over animals than over humans Finally, researchers who conduct animal research point to the fact that findings from animal research have greatly benefited the lives of many humans Short Answer Question question #126 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Bloom's: Comprehension Difficulty: Moderate Gradable: manual Learning Objective: 01-10 The Ethics of Research Topic: 01-33 The Ethics of Research Topic: 01-34 Should Animals be Used in Research? ... about behaviour and other phenomena of interest by using what type of approach? Step Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Step → Step Step Accessibility:... did the history of5 th psychology shapeEdition the majorby approaches Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology Canadian Feldmanin Multiple Choice Question contemporary psychology? question... education Test Bank for Essentials of Understanding Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Feldman Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/