1. I’ve invited millions of people to my par2. The President claims that his administration contains the best brains in the country.3. All of her cattle were affected. She lost over 50 head.4. I don’t know much about the childhood of the world.5. Cancer finally caught up with her.6. Pearl Harbor was a sad event in America’s history.7. Going to university is expensive these days and textbooks alone will cost a fortune.8. This sword is not useless to the warrior.9. Listening to him, we discovered what a great mind he is.10. Do you think you can trust his words?11. Our farm needs more hands.12. If you ride your motorbike at midday, the streets are a furnace.13. The wind howled through the streets.14. There is a storm in the family last night.15. There is still a ray of hope for her.16. When you take that course, plan to study 30 hours a day.17. I will die if she asks me to dance.18. This city is no ordinary city.19. She has many mouths to feed.20. The chair protested against her weight.21. This man is a beast.22. Dont you know that walls have ears?23. She has no time even to sleep.24. The office was flooded with applications.25. We were obliged to dispense with the butlers services last month.26. He tried to take the heat out of the situation.27. The majority of the press support the goverments foreign policy.28. He never got to be president, but he was the biggest man.29. The neighbours agreed to a truce over their barbeque dispute.30. The price of the meal is set at 20 per head.31. He attacked every weak point in my arguments.32. There were 30 hands employed in this company.33. “She is a girl of 20 summers.”34. The police team has cemented close ties with the hospital staft.35. The rain hesitantly dropped on the leaves.36. So he set out to look for his friend from highest mountains to the deepest crevasses.37. The pen is mightier than the sword.38. The organization is keeping the brake on pay rises.39. A: How are you going?40. Ive never read Shakespeare in my life.41. Dont argue with him. Hes mentally challenged.43. Ill make him eat his words.44. He is the best pen of the day.45. She has a good head of business.46. She usually sheds floods of tears whenever she is upset.47. We need a force of a thousand rifles.48. You are a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes.49. He washed his hand out of the matter.50. He looks as though he hasnt had a square meal for months.51. Who brought fire and sword into our country?52. Why dont you recognize the power of the purse?53. I found the 52 pounds of books you left for me to carry. Your kindness really moves me.54. The man is a demon for work.55. They organized a fleet of 50 sails.56. She is a girl of 20 summers.57. When you take that course, plan to study 30 hours a day.58. The wind howled angrily around the house all night.59. Grey hair should be respected.60. Spare the rod, spoil the child.61. Their Majesty died a year ago.62. When the White House called, the ambassador came at once.63. My dormitory room is like a cave.64. Come to the dormitory and see what a cave l live in.65. If you are not happy with the service, go and talk to the City Hall.66. The princess captures the hearts of the nation.67. He has a kind heart.68. The river ate the bank away.69. The captain was in charge of 100 horses.70. You can depend on Paul; he is a rock when trouble comes.71. Life is a dream.72. Research says that these methods are best.73. Little Susie is a picture of loveliness in her new dress.74. There was a storm in Parliament last night.75. He worked and worked until he breathed his last.76. We are tired to death of such movies.77. His words can be trusted.78. The boss gave her a hot look.79. He could not bridle his anger.80. The organization is keeping the brake on pay rises.81. Death is laying his icy hand on the Queen.82. The pen is mightier than the sword.83. A camel is a ship in a desert.84. Your charm and good looks exceed your wit (tóc dài mà trí ngắn)85. With friends like you, who needs enemies?86. You have to pay the earth for such a masterpiece.87. Luck almost always turns back to those who dare not face difficulty.88. A dead leaf fell in my lap; that was Jack Frosts card.89. The ship plowed the sea.90. The captain exploded with rage when the soldiers disobeyed him.91. He is fishing for compliments.92. Watch out Hes foxing you.93. My dormitary room is like a cave.94. This job requires an outstanding brain.95. Their Majesty died a year ago.96. I am a captain of my soul.97. There is still a ray of hope for her98. There is a storm in the family last night.99. If you ride your motorbike at midday, the streets are a furnace.100. Language is a roadmap of a culture. It tells you where its people come from and where they are going.101. The chair protested against her weight.102.The wind howled through the streets.103. I am trying to get the fuel pump back on but the bolt is being uncooperative.104 .Brazil won the World Cup.105. Our farm needs more hands.106. He has many mouths to feed.107. Listening to him, we discovered what a great mind he is.108. Do you think you can trust his words?109. In the 2010 winter Olympics, Canada won 10 gold medals.110. I will die if she asks me to dance.111. I am so hungry. I would give my right hand arm for a piece of pizza.112. Going to university is expensive these days and textbooks alone will cost a fortune.113. This sword is not useless to the warrior.114. This city is no ordinary city.115. He worked and worked until he breathed his last.116. My father was laid to rest in the cemetery.CÒN RẤT NHIỀU TẢI XUỐNG ĐỂ XEM ĐÁP ÁN
English Semantics Hình thái tu từ Simile – so sánh (use words “like”, “as”) Personification - Phép nhân hóa (là phần Metaphor lại có tri giác) Cách làm: to be described as being able to have intent Metonymy – Không so sánh, dùng thay cho Synecdoche – Tổng thể thay cho thành phần Cách làm: A stand for B Hyperbole – Cường điệu, nói thật Cách làm: It's impossible for someone to Euphemism – Nói tránh (về xã hội : chết, quan hệ nam nữ, vệ sinh cá nhân) Litotes – Nói giảm (to emphasize a positive meaning Ex: I don’t think you can’t that) Cách làm: to be equivalent to (tương đương với) Irony – Mỉa mai Sarcasm – Mỉa mai cay chua, độc ác Metaphor - Ẩn dụ Cách làm: to be compared to Exercises: I’ve invited millions of people to my party →Hyperbole →It is impossible for someone to invite millions of people to the party, which means I’ve invited a lot of people to my party The President claims that his administration contains the best brains in the country →Synecdoche →The best brains stand for people, which mean the President's administration contains the best people in the country All of her cattle were affected She lost over 50 head →Synecdoche →Head stands for animal, which means she lost over 50 animals I don’t know much about the childhood of the world →The world is described as having the childhood like human, which means I don’t know much about the early time of the world Cancer finally caught up with her →Personification →Cancer is described as able to catch up with like human, which means she had cancer Pearl Harbor was a sad event in America’s history →Metonymy →Pear Harbor stands for the battle where the US was defeated by the Japan, which means the defeat of Pear Harbor was a sad event Going to university is expensive these days and textbooks alone will cost a fortune →Hyperbole →It is impossible for textbooks to cost a fortune, which means textbooks alone cost a lot of money P/S: Textbooks alone tạm dịch nội sách giáo khoa This sword is not useless to the warrior →Litotes →Not useless is equivalent to useful, which means this sword is useful to the warrior Listening to him, we discovered what a great mind he is →Metonymy →A great mind stands for a talent, which means we discovered what a talent he is 10 Do you think you can trust his words? →Metonymy →The words stand for the people, which means you can trust him 11 Our farm needs more hands →Synecdoche →Hands stands for workers, which means our farm needs more people 12 If you ride your motorbike at midday, the streets are a furnace →Metaphor →The streets are compared to a furnace, which means the streets are very hot 13 The wind howled through the streets →Personification →The wind is described as being able to have howl like animals 14 There is a storm in the family last night →Metaphor →A storm symbolizes an argument, which means there is an argument in the family last night 15 There is still a ray of hope for her →Metaphor → Hope is compared to light, which means there is a little hope for her 16 When you take that course, plan to study 30 hours a day →Hyperbole Vì ngày có 24 giờ, nghĩa học nhiều ngày →It is impossible for someone to study 30 hours a day, which means you plan to study for a long time every day 17 I will die if she asks me to dance →Hyperbole →It is impossible for someone to die if she asks to dance, which means I will be extremely shocked if she asks me to dance 18 This city is no ordinary city →Litotes →No ordinary is equivalent to excellent, which means this city is an excellent city 19 She has many mouths to feed →Synecdoche →Mouths stands for person, which means she has many persons to feed 20 The chair protested against her weight →Personification →The chair is described as being able to have intent and protest like people 21 This man is a beast →Metaphor →This man is compared to a beast, which means this man is cruel or dangerous 22 Don't you know that walls have ears? 23 She has no time even to sleep →Hyperbole →It is impossible for someone to have no time to sleep, which means she has very little time to sleep 24 The office was flooded with applications →Metaphor →Applications are compared to water, which means the office received too many applications 25 We were obliged to dispense with the butler's services last month →Euphemism →Dispense with someone's services is equivalent to fire (dismiss/ sack) 26 He tried to take the heat out of the situation →Metaphor →The heat is compared to the tension, which means he tried to take the tension out of the situation 27 The majority of the press support the goverment's foreign policy →Metonymy →The press stands for the journalists 28 He never got to be president, but he was the biggest man →Hyperbole →It's impossible for someone to be a biggest man, which means he is the most talented man 29 The neighbours agreed to a truce over their barbeque dispute →Metaphor →The barbeque is compared to a war, which means the neighbours agreed to stop their barbeque dispute for a short time 30 The price of the meal is set at 20$ per head →Metonomy →Head stands for person 31 He attacked every weak point in my arguments →Metaphor →My arguments are compared to a fortress with weak and strong points, which means he criticized every weak point in my arguments 32 There were 30 hands employed in this company →Metonomy →Hands stand for workers 33 “She is a girl of 20 summers.” → “Summer” synecdoche (phép chuyển nghĩa) dùng tổng thể “mùa hè” mu ốn nói thành phần độ tuổi, xuân xanh đời người →She is a girl of 20 →She is twenty years old →She is a twenty year old girl 34 The police team has cemented close ties with the hospital staft →Metaphor →Ties are compared to physical structures, which means the police team has built close ties with the hospital staft 35 The rain hesitantly dropped on the leaves →Personification →The rain is described as being able to hesitate like human 36 So he set out to look for his friend from highest mountains to the deepest crevasses →Hyperbole →The highest mountains and deepest crevasses stand for the most remote and dangerous places →It's impossible for someone to go from highest mountains to the deepest crevasses, which means so he set out to look for his friend from the most remote and dangerous places 37 The pen is mightier than the sword → The pen stands for the writer, the sword stands for the soldier This is a Metonymy (professionmeans) →The writer is mightier than the soldier Nếu bạn người lính, bạn giết vài người Nếu bạn bác sĩ, bạn giết 100 người Nếu bạn tác giả, bạn giết hàng ngàn người Nhưng bạn nhà tư tưởng, bạn giết hệ 38 The organization is keeping the brake on pay rises →Keep the brake on the pay rises is a Metaphor which means control pay rises (so sánh th ắng xe để kiềm hãm tăng nhanh) →The organization is trying to control pay rises →The organization is controlling pay rises 39 A: "How are you going?" B: "I am dead."→Hyperbole →It's impossible for someone to be dead if someone asks how you are, which means B is very tired 40 I've never read Shakespeare in my life →Shakespeare stands for works by Shakespeare 41 Don't argue with him He's mentally challenged →Euphemism →Mentally challenged is equivalent to mad My hands are as cold as ice →Simile →My hands are very cold 43 I'll make him eat his words →Metaphor →I will make admit that what he has said is wrong 44 He is the best pen of the day →Metonymy →He is the best writer of the day 45 She has a good head of business →Metonymy →She has a good talent of business 46 She usually sheds floods of tears whenever she is upset →Hyperbole →She usually cries a lot whenever she is upset 47 We need a force of a thousand rifles →Metonymy →We need a force of a thousand soldiers 48 You are a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes →Metaphor →You come and go quickly 49 He washed his hand out of the matter →Metaphor Câu dịch nôm na rửa tay gác kiếm, nghĩa khơng nhận trách nhiệm vấn đề →He denied all responsibilities for the matter 50 He looks as though he hasn't had a square meal for months →Metaphor Cụm từ “a square meal” nghĩa bữa ăn đầy đủ chất dinh dưỡng, bữa ăn vuông →He looks as though he hadn't had a satisfied meal/ a feast for months 51 Who brought fire and sword into our country? Metonymy (phép hoán dụ) Cụm từ "fire and sword" nghĩa gươm giáo, mu ốn dùng thay cho chi ến tranh.Who brought war into our country? 52 Why don't you recognize the power of the purse? →Metonymy →Why don't you recognize the power of the money? P/S: Chữ "purse" muốn nói đến "quyền lực" hay “cái giỏ đựng tiền” 53 I found the 52 pounds of books you left for me to carry Your kindness really moves me →Irony →You were not kind to me at all 54 The man is a demon for work →Metaphor →The man is an energetic person who works very hard The man is an energytic person who work tirelessly P/S: "a demon" - người tràn đầy lượng 55 They organized a fleet of 50 sails →Synecdoche →They organized a fleet of 50 ships 56 She is a girl of 20 summers →Synecdoche →She is a girl of 20 57 When you take that course, plan to study 30 hours a day →Hyperbole →When you take that course, plan to study for a long time every day 58 The wind howled angrily around the house all night “Howled angrily” Personification, cách diễn tả hành động người, có nghĩa gió th ổi r ất mạnh tiếng tru rống giận người →The wind blew strongly around the house all night 59 Grey hair should be respected →Synecdoche Vì thành phần “tóc xám” thay cho tổng thể người lớn, người già →Old/elderly people should be respected 60 Spare the rod, spoil the child “The rod” trường hợp Metonymy (phép hốn dụ), roi vọt cụ thể (concrete) để thay cho hình phạt trừu tượng (abstract) If you don’t punish a child when he does wrong, you will spoil his character 61 Their Majesty died a year ago →Metonymy →Their King died a year ago 62 When the White House called, the ambassador came at once “The White House” Metonymy (phép hoán dụ), Nhà Trắng chứa đựng (container), cịn “the US President” chứa (contained) When the US President called, the ambassador came at once 63 My dormitory room is like a cave →Simile →My dormitory room is small and uncomfortable 64 Come to the dormitory and see what a cave l live in →Metaphor →Come to the dormitory and see what a small and uncomfortable room I live in 65 If you are not happy with the service, go and talk to the City Hall “The City Hall” Metonymy (phép hốn dụ), tịa thị sảnh “container”, cịn ơng th ị tr ưởng m ới “contained” Nói tịa thị sảnh muốn ông thị trưởng thành phố, giống nh nói Nhà Trắng ám Tổng thống If you are not happy with the service, go and talk to the city’s Mayor 66 The princess captures the hearts of the nation “The hearts”, trái tim phận người [concrete] + [part], trái tim mu ốn ám ch ỉ tình yêu (abstract), “the hearts” Metonymy, nghĩa muốn nói đến tất ng ười đất nước All the people that country love the princess 67 He has a kind heart “A heart”, trái tim phận người [concrete] + [part], dùng thay cho ng ười [+human], [+concrete] [+whole] Vậy “a heart” trường h ợp Synecdoche, ngh ĩa m ột người tốt He is a kind-hearted person 68 The river ate the bank away Động từ “ăn” dùng cho người dây gán cho “dịng sơng”, cách nói nhân hóa (Personification) Vậy câu có nghĩa dịng sơng làm xói mịn bờ sơng ho ặc bị phá hủy d ần d ần The river eroded/ gradually destroyed the bank 69 The captain was in charge of 100 horses →Metonymy →The captain was in charge of 100 cavalries 70 You can depend on Paul; he is a rock when trouble comes →Metaphor →You can depend on Paul; he has strong nerves when trouble comes 71 Life is a dream →Metaphor →Life is short 72 Research says that these methods are best →Personification →Researchers say that these methods are best 73 Little Susie is a picture of loveliness in her new dress →Metaphor →Little Susie is so lovely in her new dress 74 There was a storm in Parliament last night →Metaphor →There was a serious argument in Parliament last night 75 He worked and worked until he breathed his last →Euphemism →He worked and worked until he died 76 We are tired to death of such movies →Hyperbole →We are extremely tired of such movies 77 His words can be trusted →Metonymy →We can trust him 78 The boss gave her a hot look →Metaphor →The boss looked at her angrily 79 He could not bridle his anger →Metonymy →He could not control his anger 80 The organization is keeping the brake on pay rises →Metaphor →The organization is trying to control pay rises 81 Death is laying his icy hand on the Queen →Euphemism →The Queen is about to die 82 The pen is mightier than the sword →Metonymy →The writer is mightier than the soldier 83 A camel is a ship in a desert →Metaphor →In the desert, a camel is as useful for transportation as a ship on the sea Interesting facts: Lạc đà nhịn đói, nhịn khát thời gian dài sa mạc, khoảng tháng Lạc đà có trực giác Khi có bão nằm xuống cho trú bão Ngồi ra, trời đêm nhi ệt độ sa mạc lạnh, thân nhiệt lạc đà giữ ấm cho 84 Your charm and good looks exceed your wit (tóc dài mà trí ng ắn) →Irony →You are charming and beautiful but not wise enough 85 With friends like you, who needs enemies? →Irony →You are worst enemies 86 You have to pay the earth for such a masterpiece →Hyperbole →You have to pay a lot of money for such a masterpiece 87 Luck almost always turns back to those who dare not face difficulty →Personification →Those who dare note face difficulty usually fail in life 88 A dead leaf fell in my lap; that was Jack Frost's card →Personification →A dead leaf fell in my lap, the winter is coming here 89 The ship plowed the sea →Metaphor →The ship crossed the sea 90 The captain exploded with rage when the soldiers disobeyed him →Metaphor Exploded with rage (đùng đùng giận), this is a Metaphor which means get angry suddenly →The captain got angry suddenly when the soldiers disobeyed him 91 He is fishing for compliments →Metaphor →He is trying to make someone praise him 92 Watch out! He's foxing you →Metaphor →Watch out! He is tricking you 93 My dormitary room is like a cave →Simile →My dormitary room is small and uncomfortable 94 This job requires an outstanding brain →Metaphor →This job requires an excellent brain 95 Their Majesty died a year ago →Metonymy →Their King died a year ago 96 I am a captain of my soul →Metonymy →I can decide my own life 97 There is still a ray of hope for her →Metaphor →Hope is compared to light, which means there is a little hope for her 98 There is a storm in the family last night →Metaphor →A storm symbolizes an argument, which means there is an argument in the family last night 99 If you ride your motorbike at midday, the streets are a furnace →Metaphor →The streets are compared to a furnace, which means the streets are very hot 100 Language is a roadmap of a culture It tells you where its people come from and where they are going →Metaphor →Language is compared to a roadmap of a culture, which means it shows people’s origin and future 101 The chair protested against her weight →Personification →The chair is described as being able to have intent and protest like people 102.The wind howled through the streets →Personification →The wind is described as being able to have howl like animals 103 I am trying to get the fuel pump back on but the bolt is being uncooperative →Personification →The bolt is described as being able to have intent and be uncooperative 104 Brazil won the World Cup →Synecdoche →Brazil stands for the Brazilian football team, which means the Brazilian football team won the World Cup 105 Our farm needs more hands →Synecdoche →Hands stands for workers, which means our farm needs more people 106 He has many mouths to feed →Synecdoche →Mouths stands for person, which means he has many persons to feed 107 Listening to him, we discovered what a great mind he is →Metonymy →A great mind stands for a talent, which means we discovered what a talent he is 108 Do you think you can trust his words? →Metonymy →The words stand for the people, which means you can trust him 109 In the 2010 winter Olympics, Canada won 10 gold medals →Synecdoche →Canada stands for the Canadian winter Olympics team, which means the Canadian winter Olympics team won 10 gold medals 110 I will die if she asks me to dance →Hyperbole →It is impossible for someone to die if she asks to dance, which means I will be extremely shocked if she asks me to dance 111 I am so hungry I would give my right hand arm for a piece of pizza →Hyperbole →It is impossible for someone to give my right hand arm for a piece of pizza, which means I am extremely hungry 112 Going to university is expensive these days and textbooks alone will cost a fortune →Hyperbole →It is impossible for textbooks to cost a fortune, which means textbooks alone cost a lot of money 113 This sword is not useless to the warrior →Litotes →Not useless is equivalent to useful, which means this sword is useful to the warrior 114 This city is no ordinary city →Litotes →No ordinary is equivalent to excellent, which means this city is an excellent city 115 He worked and worked until he breathed his last →Euphemism →He breathed his last means he died 116 My father was laid to rest in the cemetery →Euphemism →My father was buried in the cemetery “Don’t live in such a sea of double” “Live in such a sea of double” Hyberpole (phép nói c ường điệu), nghĩa khơng nên sống trạng thái hồi nghi, nghi ng →Don't live with so many doubts