Câu bị động Passive Voices1.. Bảng chia Chủ động sang Bị động: Present continuous is/are doing is/are being done Past continuous was/were doing was/were being done Present Perfect has/ha
Trang 1Câu bị động (Passive Voices)
1 Bảng chia Chủ động sang Bị động:
Present continuous is/are doing is/are being done
Past continuous was/were doing was/were being done
Present Perfect has/have done has/have been done
Future perfect will have done will have been done
is/are going to is/are going to do is/are going to be done
Might/ should/can/could/must Might/ should/can/could/must be P.P
Have to/ Used to Have/Used to be done
2 Active: S + V + Indirect Object + Direct Object
Passive: S (I.O) + BE + P.P + D.O + (BY O – S)
Ex: Someone gave Mr Lee an award
Mr Lee was given an award (by someone)
Active: S + V + Indirect Object + to/for + Direct Object
Passive: S (I O) + BE + P.P + to/for + D.O + (BY O – S)
Ex: Someone gave an award to Mr Lee
An award was given to Mr Lee (by someone)
TO: give, leave, hand, pass, promise, show, offer, read, throw, send, post, bring, pay, sell, write, tell
teach, owe, live
FOR: buy, get, fetch (tìm/đem về), find, save, choose, reserve, order, book, make, cook, build, pick.
Ex: He owes his father 500 dollars = He owes 500 dollars to his father
His father is owed 500 dollars = 500 dollars is owed to his father
3 S1 + say/know/think/believe/ find/ rumor… + that S2 + V
It + BE + Passive Verb + that + clause.
S2 + BE + Passive Verb + to INF.
Ex: They think that the owner of the house is abroad.
Trang 2 It is thought that the owner of the house is abroad.
The owner of the house is thought to be abroad
4 NEED + V-ing = NEED + TO BE P.P
The windows need cleaning = the windows need to be cleaned
5 COMMON STATIVE PASSIVE VERB + PRE.
(động từ chỉ trạng thái phổ biến dạng bị động)
1) be accustomed to: quen với
2) be acquainted with: làm quen với
3) be addicted to: say mê
4) be annoyed with/by
5) be associated with: kết bạn với
6) be bored with/by: chán ngấy
7) be composed of: bao gồm
8) be concerned about: lo lắng
9) be connected to
10) be coordinated with
11) be covered with
12) be crowded with
13) be dedicated to: cống hiến
14) be devoted to: tận tụy với
15) be disappointed in/with
16) be divorced from
17) be done with
18) be dressed in
19) be drunk on
20) be engaged to
21) be equipped with
22) be excited about
23) be exhausted from: kiệt sức vì
24) be exposed to: bị đặt vào tình trạng dễ
bị bệnh, phơi bày
25) be finished with
26) be frightened of/by 27) be filled with 28) be gone from 29) be interested in 30) be involved in 31) be known for 32) be located in 33) be made of: được làm bằng (Đề cập đến chất liệu làm nên vật)
34) be made from: Được làm ra từ (đề cập đến việc nguyên vật liệu bị biến đổi khỏi trạng thái ban đầu để làm nên vật) 35) be made out of: Được làm bằng (đề cập đến quá trình làm ra vật)
36) be married to 37) be opposed to: chống đối 38) be pleased with
39) be prepared for 40) be qualified for 41) be related to 42) be satisfied with 43) be scared of/by 44) be terrified of/by 45) be tired of: ngán 46) be tired from: mệt vì 47) be worried about
Our high school soccer team was very excited about going to the national finals.
She is not acquainted with him.
6 Causative form:
To have sb bare inf sth = to get sb to do sth To have/to get sth done (passive)
Trang 3I`ll have Peter fix my car I’ll have my car fixed by Peter.
I`ll get Peter to fix my car I’ll get my car fixed by Peter
To make sb + P2 = làm cho ai bị làm sao
Working all night on Friday made me tired on Saturday
To cause sth + P2 = làm cho cái gì bị làm sao
The big thunder storm caused many waterfront houses damaged
Sau những động từ: to have, to order, to get, to bid, to cause hay một động từ chỉ về giác quan hoặc
cảm tính, ta dùng Past Participle bao hàm nghĩa như bị động:
Ex: We had your photos taken.
We heard the song sung
We got tired after having walked for long
7 Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt khác:
Active: S + like/love/want/wish + O + to INF St
Passive: S + like/love/want/wish + St + to be p.p
Ex: She wants her sister to take some photographs.(active)
She wants some photographs to be taken by her sister (passive)
Active: S + advise/insist/propose/recommend/suggest + V-ing + st.
Passive: S + + that S should be p.p
Ex: He recommended using my computer.
He recommended that my computer should be used
Active: S + remember/like + O + V-ing + O
Passive: S + remember/like + being p.p
Ex: I remember them taking me to the zoo (active)
I remember being taken to the zoo.(passive)
Ex: She likes her boyfriend telling the truth (active)
She likes being told the truth (passive)
Active: It is impossible to inf.
Passive: It can’t be p.p
Ex: It is impossible to do this.
It can’t be done
Active: S + let + O + bare inf
Passive: S + be + let + bare inf.
Ex: They let us go.
We were let go
Imperative + O Let + O + be + p.p
Trang 4Ex: Do this assignment.
Let this assignment de done
Don’t bare inf + O S + mustn’t be p.p
S+ isn’t / aren’t to be p.p
Ex: Don’t touch this button.
This button mustn’t be touched
This button isn’t to be touched
Don’t let them/people bare inf you
Don’t let yourself/yourselves be p.p
He/she let them/people bare inf him/her
He/she let himself/herself be p.p
Ex: Don’t let people hear you!
Don’t’ let yourself be heard
He let people cheat him
He let himself be cheated
8 Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt nguyên mẫu có TO: Suppose; see; make;
Ví dụ: You are supposed to learn English now (passive)
= It is your duty to learn English now (active)
= You should learn English now (active)
Ví dụ: He is father makes him learn hard (active)
He is made to learn hard (passive)
Ví dụ: You should be working now (active)
You are supposed to be working now (passive)
Ví dụ: People believed that he was waiting for his friend (active) (hành động được cho là xảy ra trước khi nói)
He was believed to have been waiting for his friend (passive)
