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1 INTRODUCTION Reason for the topic Human resource is the key and important stage in building the Party The importance of human resource is closely linked to its role To continue researching on the leadership and management capacity of ethnic minor officers at local level, the author chooses: "Enhancing the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic personnel at local levels in the Northwest region” to be the thesis topic under consideration of the following reasons: Firstly, an engagement of Marxism - Leninism and thoughts of Ho Chi Minh During more than 89 years of construction and development, the Communist Party of Vietnam always attaches official human resource as the deciding factor for the success of the revolution Our Party always focuses on building a synchronous and comprehensive human resource, especially focusing on building and improving the leadership and management capacity of the key personnel as a key issue which is decisive for the whole revolutionary career Secondly, in recent years, the key ethnic officials at local level have been developing in terms of quantity and quality but still revealed limitations on capacity and qualifications against the new situation of requirements and mission This affects the credibility and effective leadership of the Party and State, reducing the trust of the people in the Party, and set out compelling need to innovate, enhance the quality of staff, especially improving the leadership and management capacity of key personnel at local level Thirdly, the Northwest mountainous area of the country bears a strategic location which is very important in the work of building and protecting the country, national borders, and building a nationality unity and international solidarity During recent years, ethnic minorities in Northwest has taken significant steps of development of economic, politics, culture and society However, in general, the level of socio-economic development of the provinces in the Northwest region are still not high, showing that the level of socio-economic development is not worthy of the expected significance and potential One of the causes leading to this situation is due to the leadership and management capacity of the officials, especially ethnic minor officials at local level, which are still limited Therefore, in order to develop the Northwest region to deserve its expected potential and strategic position, issues of improving leadership and management capacity for officials in general and key officials of ethnic minorities at local level, particularly in this area is an important and urgent matter For the above reasons, I chose the issue: "Enhancing the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region today" as the thesis topic The purpose and research tasks of the thesis 2.1 Research purposes Analyze and clarify some theoretical issues on improving leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level; Based on the current status of leadership, management and improvement of leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest, the thesis proposes a number of major solutions to improve leadership capacity, management of this staff in the Northwest today 2.2 Research tasks To achieve the above goal, the thesis focuses on solving the following tasks: - An overview of issues related to the topic of the thesis, based on which inherited positive values of previous studies, thereby raising the issues that need further study - Analyzing and clarifying a number of theoretical issues on improving the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level and subjects, methods, contents and roles of improving the leadership and management capacity for the current officials - Analyze the current situation of leadership and management capacity, and the situation of improving the leadership and management capacity of the key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest today From there, draw out the causes and problems raised to be solved - The thesis proposes major solutions to improve the leadership and management capacity for key staff of ethnic minority people at local level in the Northwest region today Research subject and scope of the thesis 3.1 Research subjects The thesis focuses on researching to improve the leadership and management capacity of the key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region today 3.2 Research scope The thesis focuses on research of improving leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local levels in Northwestern region (mainly studied provinces: Son La, Dien Bien and Hoa Binh3) from 2006 to present4 Theoretical foundations and research methods of the thesis Research thesis at the local levels means levels of communes, wards and towns According to Article 3, Decision No 712 / QD-TTg of August 30, 1997 of the Prime Minister, Approving the master plan on socio-economic development plans in the Northwestern region in the 1996-2010 period to identify the West The North has provinces: Hoa Binh, Son La and Lai Chau (Lai Chau includes Dien Bien after the separation in 2003) Only three provinces were studied: Dien Bien, Son La and Hoa Binh because these provinces have fully shown the characteristics of the provinces in the Northwest region under Article 3, Decision No 712 / QD-TTg of August 30 / 1997 of Prime Minister Research thesis since 2006 because: On February 8, 2006, the Prime Minister issued Decision No 34/2006 / QD-TTg on approving the Scheme on Training and retraining of ethnic officials and public employees of commune, wards and towns in the 2006 - 2010 period 4.1 Theoretical and practical basis The thesis is based on the views of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology, views of the Communist Party of Vietnam on the leadership and management capacity of leading officials, especially officials at local level The reality of the leadership and management capacity of ethnic key officials at local level in Son La, Dien Bien and Hoa Binh provinces and provincial policies related to this issue 4.2 Research Methods The thesis is based on the methodology of Marxism - Leninism which is dialectical materialism and historical materialism; specially focusing to logical and historical methods, analysis and synthesis, induction and interpretation; Combined with complementary methods: sociological investigation, statistics, comparison The thesis also uses documents of the party committee and the authorities of the provinces in the Northwest region New scientific contributions - Contribute to clarifying the theoretical basis for improving the leadership and management capacity of officials Clarify the concept of leadership and management capacity, improve leadership and management and the components of leadership and management capacity of the officials - Analyze and clarify concepts, subjects, content and methods to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level and specify the role of leadership enhancement, management of this current staff - Analyze current status of leadership management ability, and improve leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest - the advantages, limitations and causes of situation and issues raised - The thesis proposes key solutions to improve the leadership and management capacity for key ethnic officials at the local level in the Northwest Theoretical and practical meanings of the thesis The dissertation results can serve as a reference for the Northwestern provinces Party Committee to formulate criteria, plan and foster key ethnic leaders and managers people at local levels, creating favorable conditions to improve the thesis High leadership and management of this team in the process of local socio-economic development The structure of the thesis The dissertation, besides the introduction, overview of the research situation, the conclusion, consists of chapters, 14 sections and the list of scientific works published by the author related to the thesis topic, the list of references References and appendices 4 OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH SITUATION 1.1 Scientific works related to the general theory of leadership and management capacity of officials 1.1.1 A number of researching works over the world about leadership and management capacity In the world, the issue of leadership and management is interested in many scholars The authors gave general theory, leadership theory, management based on organizational culture / corporate culture, and stated the definition of "influential leadership" and pointed out levels of leadership These works addressed the development of leadership theories; analyzed the role of a leader and the art of leadership for subordinates and in collectives; suggested basic skills to become a good leader These are important theoretical bases for the dissertation's author to study and inherit in the theoretical basis of the thesis's leadership and management capacity 1.1.2 Some domestic researching works on human resource work and leadership and management capacity of the officials based on Marxism - Leninism and Ho Chi Minh thought The works have introduced the system of views of Ho Chi Minh, the views of the Communist Party of Vietnam on officials and cadre work Determining the key task in the ethnic policy of Ho Chi Minh, the Party, our State is to train ethnic officials; Identify the tasks and goals of the training of ethnic staff, the structure of ethnic staff, and the staff policy for ethnic officials The authors have put in place the basic views of the Party in directing the building of a the ethnic officials to meet the requirements of the period of accelerating industrialization and modernization 1.1.3 Some domestic works researching on official human resource and leadership and management capacity of the officials The authors have clarified the political guts, clarified the concept of capacity of leaders, managers, criteria of that capacity, distinguishing between leaders and managers; presented theoretical issues on leadership capacity of the Party Committee, the management of communal authorities, the concept of leadership capacity and management capacity and elements of the Party Committee's leadership capacity Commune The authors give the concept of management capacity and the content of management capacity of commune authorities in new rural construction; clarify some theoretical issues about leadership and management The above theoretical points are an important basis for the author of the thesis to inherit and study for the chapter the theoretical basis of the thesis topic 1.2 Researches on current status of leadership and management capacity of local officials in Vietnam and the Northwest region today The authors analyze in depth the structure and quality status, the performance of key leaders in the political system, the status of theoretical capacity of key leaders, point out the problems that are posing in contradictions This shows that the State needs to pay more attention to improving the quality of key local officials, especially the leadership and management capacity The author analyzes in depth the role of leaders and local managers in achieving gender equality goals in Vietnam and proposes some solutions to enhance the role of implementing the goals gender equality of leaders and managers at local level The authors have based on the analysis of a number of ethnic psychology factors affecting the contingent of officials and officials work in mountainous areas, analyzing the real situation of the leadership and management staff Ethnic minorities belong to the system of Party and State agencies, pointing out the limitations and problems raised from the situation 1.3 Scientific works on solutions to improve the leadership and management capacity of local officials in Vietnam and the Northwest region today The authors derive from the nature of the leadership - management and objective requirements of the revolutionary task in the present period in order to bring out the basic competencies that a leader - manager should possess and address propose a number of solutions to improve leadership - management capacity for officials Some authors, based on the theoretical issues of leadership capacity of the Party Committee, the management of the communal authorities pointed out the limitations of the leadership capacity of the Party Committee and the administration of the Government At the commune level, and due to the above limitations and weaknesses, the need to improve the leadership capacity of the Party Committee and the management of the commune authority has become an urgent need of local practices Based on the current situation and a number of issues, the authors have proposed solutions to build the local government team, focusing on the concepts, theoretical basis and practice of the work developing the source of ethnic officials at the commune level, going into depth to analyze the situation of the development of the source of ethnic officials in the northern mountainous provinces of our country, giving directions and solutions for developing the source of ethnic minority officials in the provinces Northern mountainous region of our country in the current period 1.4 The values of scientific works related to the thesis topic and the issues that raise the thesis need to focus on researching 1.4.1 Values of scientific works related to the thesis topic - Clarifying the views of Marxism - Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology, the views of the Communist Party of Vietnam on official human resource and the leadership and management capacity of the officials - The works have outlined basically the common theoretical issues about the leadership and management capacity of the officials, namely: the concept of capacity, the concept and criteria for evaluating the leadership capacity of officials in political system 6 - The works analyzed the status of leadership of commune officials, the status of structure and quality, performance of key leaders in the political system, showing advantages, limitations, causes and lessons learned in cadre work From the situation, the authors analyzed the issues raised and proposed a number of solutions to improve the overall capacity of the current officials and party members However, in general the works have not yet given a specific view on the concept and criteria of the leadership and management capacity of key officials of ethnic minorities at local level, not yet clarifying the content and subjects and ways to improve the leadership and management capacity of this team In particular, up to now, there has not been any in-depth study on the issue of improving the leadership and management capacity for key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwestern region Therefore, researching the current situation and proposing solutions to improve the leadership and management capacity for key ethnic minority officials at local ethnic minorities should be paid attention and clarification, especially in ethnic minority areas Ethnic minorities with an important strategic location like the Northwest region 1.4.2 The issues that raise the thesis need further research - An overview of issues related to the topic of the thesis, based on which inherited positive values of previous studies, thereby raising the issues that need further study - Analyzing and clarifying the concept: key ethnic officials at local level, leadership and management capacity, improving the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic minority officials at local level Factors that constitute the leadership, management and clarification of subjects, contents and methods to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region today - Analyze the current situation of leadership, management and leadership and management capacities of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region today From there, draw out the causes and problems that need to be solved - Proposing a number of major solutions to improve the leadership and management capacity for key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region today CHAPTER IMPROVING LEADERSHIP CAPACITY AND MANAGEMENT OF INDICATIVE INDICATORS AT LEVEL OF BASIS - SOME THEORETICAL ISSUES 1.1 Current leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level and its constituent elements 1.1.1 Key ethnic officials at local level and leadership and management capacity of this contingent of officials 1.1.1.1 Key ethnic officials at local level * The concept of key officials: being the people in charge of important positions, acting as a core in organizations of the system of a certain level; persons assigned to undertake important tasks to lead, manage and administer the apparatus in performing the assigned functions and tasks; take responsibility to their superior and superior for their assigned work fields * Ethnic key officials at local level: the most important heads in the Party, State, Fatherland Front, local socio-political organizations, affecting to abide by the Party's undertakings, policies and resolutions, and the State's laws through leading and organizing the implementation of economic, political, cultural and social tasks in their respective localities Key ethnic officials at local level: the official of ethnic minorities with a population accounting for less than 50% of the total population of the country, being the most important heads of Party, State, Fatherland Front and unions organizations socio-political organizations at the local level, affecting the observance of undertakings, policies and resolutions of the Party and laws of the State through leading and organizing the implementation of economic and political tasks., culture, society in the area in charge Characteristics of key officials of ethnic minorities at local level: Firstly, the majority of key ethnic officials at local level have grown from practice, been loyal to the guidelines and policies of the Party, the State, had enthusiasm to become revolutionary, understand the local socio-economic situation and culture; Secondly, most of the key ethnic officials are experienced people and still affected by community psychology; Thirdly, most of the key officials of ethnic minorities often live emotionally, seriously, and respectfully 1.1.1.2 Leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level Leadership capacity is the ability, level of results and effectiveness of the leadership to achieve when performing their functions and duties in a certain political system and system Management competence is the personal attributes of a management entity that have intentional impacts on the management object in order to achieve its goals in the context of environmental fluctuations In fact, especially at the local level (commune, ward, town), is the lowest administrative unit in the four-level administrative system in our country, it is difficult to separate these two activities in one cadre and staff Every ministry will carry out both leadership and management roles Thus, leadership and management capacity, though different, but essentially similar, contains combinations of personal attributes of key local officials in accordance with requirements for their job As such, it is possible to understand the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local ethnic minority as a combination of personal attributes of key ethnic officials at local level in accordance with operational requirements which guarantee their effective operation 1.1.2 Factors that constitute the leading and managing capacity of key ethnic officials at local level Key ethnic officials at local level, due to specific activities at local level, especially the majority of people working in ethnic minority areas, their leadership and management capacity is constituted by the following factors: Firstly, theoretical thinking capacity, professional qualifications and decision-making capacity, organization of decision implementation; Secondly, leadership and management skills (communication skills, presentation and persuasion skills, skills to handle political social situations at the local); Thirdly, political qualities, revolutionary ethics and leadership style 1.2 Enhancing the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic minority officials at local level and the role of this improvement at present 1.2.1 Improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at the local level * The concept of improving the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level: is the process of legal interaction of entities to increase the knowledge, skills and leadership style, management The management of the key ethnic officials at local level is in line with their operational requirements, ensuring that the activity is effective * Factors to improve leadership and management of key ethnic officials at the present level - Subjects to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at the local level include: Party organizations, Government, mass organizations at central, provincial, district and team levels themselves current key ethnic officials at local level Methods to improve leadership and management of the key ethnic officials at local level through resolutions, decisions, decrees, policies, programs, plans and projects on official human resource and developing an effective officials group in the mountainous areas, reviewing the work of officials; Instructions on the campaign "studying and following Ho Chi Minh's ideology, morality and style", improving accountability, reorganizing officials and party members' style; Conclusions, official dispatches, plans and programs on human work, Resolutions, Decisions, Plans, Official Dispatches and Instruction on: training and fostering to raise officials' qualifications; building and developing a contingent of ethnic officials; planning of leaders and managers; employing ethnic officials; create sources of ethnic officials; criteria for appointing leaders and managers of ethnic minorities - Content of leadership and management capacity improvement of key ethnic officials at the local level in current: Content of improving the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at present now as follows: Firstly, improve intellectual capacity, professional qualifications, practical organizational capacity; Secondly, train and improve leadership and management skills; Thirdly, improve the political quality, revolutionary ethics, form a democratic, scientific and effective leadership style 1.2.2 The role of leadership and management skills for the key ethnic officials at local level today The role of leadership and management of key ethnic officials at local level currently shows: Firstly, improving the leadership and management capacity of local ethnic officials originating from the brain role of local key officials in the activities of the local political system; Secondly, to ensure the exercise of political power of the local labor force; Thirdly, improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local levels to overcome inadequacies and limitations in the capacity of this team, mobilize all resources at the local level, maintain social stability, successfully implementing the socio-economic development goals in the locality; Fourthly, to improve the leadership and management capacity of local ethnic minority officials at the request of the cause of industrialization and modernization and to ensure the dynamic, creative and sustainable development according to correct socialist orientation Sub-conclusion of Chapter From the point of view of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, after studying the issues of leadership and management capacity, chapter has approached the concept of general competence and leadership and management capacity of officials the key ethnic officials at local level and draw the following conclusions: The concept of key ethnic officials at the local level: are people of ethnic minorities with a population of less than 50% of the total population of the whole country, the most important heads of Party, State and Fatherland Front agencies national, socio-political organizations at the local level, influencing the observance of guidelines, policies and resolutions of the Party and laws of the State through leading and organizing the implementation of economic, political, cultural, and social tasks in the area in charge The concept of leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level, which is a combination of personal attributes of key ethnic officials at local level in accordance with requirements ensuring performance of their job Factors that constitute the leading and managerial capacity of the key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region include: firstly, the capacity for 10 creative skills, professional qualifications and decision-making and organizational capacity make a decision; secondly, on leadership and management skills; Third, ethical qualities and leadership styles Concept of Enhancing the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level: it is the process of lawful interaction of subjects to increase knowledge, skills and leadership style., management of key ethnic officials at local level in accordance with their operational requirements, ensuring that the activity is effective Capacity building Enhancing the leadership and management capacity of key local officials plays an important role The subjects to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level include: Party organizations, Government, mass organizations at central, provincial, district levels and the staff themselves the key ethnic officials today Methods to improve leadership and management of key ethnic officials at local levels through resolutions, decrees, policies, programs, plans and projects on planning, training and construction contingent of officials at local level Content to improve leadership and management skills is shown in: Enhancing intellectual capacity, professional qualifications, practical organization capacity; Request training, improving leadership skills, management; Improving political quality, revolutionary ethics, forming a democratic, scientific and practical leadership style CHAPTER IMPROVING LEADERSHIP CAPACITY AND MANAGEMENT OF KEY ETHNIC OFFICIALS AT LOCAL LEVEL IN THE NORTHWESTERN AREA - REALITIY, RISKS AND ISSUES 2.1 Characteristics of the Northwest region and factors affecting the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials in this area today 2.1.1 Characteristics of the current Northwest region 2.1.1.1 Northwestern region The Northwest region consists of provinces: Lai Chau, Dien Bien, Son La and Hoa Binh The whole area has a natural area of 37,414.8 km2 with 2,857.2 million people of whom 2,178.11 are ethnic minorities, with great potential for economic development The Northwest region is rich in development potential but has not been exploited effectively, and poverty and underdevelopment are still a prominent feature One of the causes of the above situation is the limitation of capacity and quality from a part of the contingent of officials, especially key officials of ethnic minorities at local levels Therefore, improving the capacity, especially the leadership and management capacity for this team is an urgent requirement today 11 2.1.1.2 Characteristics of the local level in the Northwest region today The local level in the Northwestern region has the following characteristics: most of them are located in remote areas with difficult travel conditions; the majority of socio-economic is still underdeveloped, the rate of poor households is high; There are many ethnic groups living in and having diverse cultures; The quality of health and education, especially in remote and isolated communes, is still limited 2.1.2 Key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region and factors affecting the leadership and management capacity of these officials at present 2.1.2.1 Key official of local ethnic minorities in the Northwest region today In general, the key group of ethnic officials at the local level in the Northwest region is now increasingly assured in terms of quantity and quality improvement, as follows: Son La Province: as of December 31 / 2016, the total number of local officials who are of ethnic minorities is 1,859 people, of which: 308 women account for 16.56%; under 45 years old accounts for 53.79%; Hoa Binh Province: as of June 30, 2018, the contingent of officials and civil servants of ethnic minorities at communal level is 1749 (accounting for 83% of the total number of key communal officials in Hoa Binh); Dien Bien Province: as of May 1, 2018, the contingent of officials and employees of ethnic minorities has been 13,863 people The percentage of commune-level officials and public employees being ethnic minority people accounts for over 80% of the total number of commune-level officials and public employees Dien Bien Province, by the end of December 31, 2017, the total number of commune-level officials of ethnic minorities in the whole province was: 1169, of which female officials were 162 (accounting for 16.4%), party members were 1097 sets (accounting for 93.8%) 2.1.2.2 Factors affecting leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials in the Northwest today Factors affecting the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at the local level in the Northwest today: Firstly, the factors of natural environment, society, and guidelines, instructions and policies of the Party and State towards the Northwestern region; Secondly, the entity itself leads and manages the process of improving the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic minority officials at the local level; Thirdly, theoretical thinking capacity, professional level, intelligence, sense of self-study, self-training, improving qualifications, cognitive ability, psychological characteristics of ethnic groups, health factors, degrees age, educational level and leadership skills, management, practical experience, political awareness, ideological style and leadership style of key ethnic officials at local level; Fourthly: depending on cognitive ability, psychological characteristics of ethnic groups, health factors and age; Fifthly, depending on practical experience, age and understanding of the socio-economic situation, ethnic minority language, culture in 12 the locality where they work; Sixthly, the economic life of the key ethnic officials and local people in the Northwest region; Depending on the intellectual level, the intellectual level of the locality 2.2 Situation, causes and issues raised about leadership capacity, management and enhance this capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region today 2.2.1 Current status of leadership, management and improvement capacities of key ethnic minority officials at local levels in the Northwest today 2.2.1.1 Current status of leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region today * Advantages of leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials in the Northwest at present The advantages of leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest are shown in the following aspects: Firstly, in terms of intellectual capacity, professional qualifications, political theory, information technology, foreign languages, state management and decisionmaking capacity, organizing the implementation of decisions of leading and managing officials The majority of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region have higher levels of creative capacity than before They have a cultural level, a professional level, are trained and matured in practice, initially built resolutions, action plans, experienced, highly appreciated in terms of motor skills and practice, coordinating with the masses, initially discovering and resolving situations arising in the locality during the process of organizing the implementation of the decision Secondly, about leadership and management skills Regarding communication skills, according to the survey results, 68% of officials rated their communication skills to be good and very good, 78.2% rated their listening skills as good and very good good and very good and very good speaking skill is 68.6%; Presentation and persuasion skills, most of them have good and very good presentation and persuasion skills; Regarding the skills to handle local socio-political situations: the majority of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwestern region are assessed at the basic level achieved, good and very good 73.2% of key local ethnic officials were assessed that their skills in dealing with socio-political situations at their own level were good and very good Thirdly, about ethical qualities and leadership and management styles The contingent of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwestern region has simple moral qualities, strong political stance, loyalty to the revolutionary ways, and policies of the Party and State, steadfast goals of national independence associated with socialism, in the work of high sense of responsibility, firmly grasping and strictly implementing the principle of democratic centralism, consciously rising in life, 13 overcome difficulties and take care of material and spiritual life for the people and be trusted by the people Most of the officials have the right awareness and orientation in the direction of building a leadership style * Restrictions on leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest today Firstly, in terms of theoretical thinking capacity, educational level, professional skills, informatics, foreign languages, political theory, state management and decision-making capacity, organizing the implementation of decisions of leaders and managers TDLL capacity of key ethnic officials at the local level in the Northwest is also limited, based on experience, absolute experience, summarizing and generalizing practices are limited; The general education level is still very limited, which has a significant impact on the learning capacity and organizing the implementation of policies and resolutions at the local superior level of these officials; limited information technology, foreign language, not yet fostered the State management program, limited capacity to make decisions, organize the implementation of decisions Thus, the key ethnic officials at the local level in the Northwest region has basically been raised in terms of quality, but there is still a part of officials with educational and professional qualifications that have not yet met The requirements of the current period are still limited in creative capacity Secondly, about leadership and management skills A number of key local ethnic officials in the Northwestern region still have many limitations in communication skills, presentation skills, persuasion skills, handling of sociopolitical situations in leadership, management as well as advocacy methods of mass mobilizing, expressed as follows: limited ability to speak and write; Presentation and persuasion skills on average and inadequate are 32.9%; Social skills at the local level were moderate and still limited at 26.8% Thirdly, about ethical qualities and leadership and management style: most of the key ethnic officials have revolutionary ethics and good working styles but there is still a part of officials lacking strict standards strictly in observing work discipline, not being strict with oneself, not daring to fight, criticizing the thought of being casual, lack of dynamism, creativity, practical innovation, lack of seriousness in implementation the principle of democratic centralism, not listening to the collective, being dishonest, putting personal interests ahead of collective interests, lacking in local level, away from the masses 2.2.1.2 Current status of leadership and management capacity improvement of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region * Achievement The subjects to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region include: Party organization, 14 Government, mass organizations at central and provincial levels, districts Northwestern provinces and key contingents of ethnic minorities themselves In particular, the leaders and managers of the provinces in the Northwest region under the direction of the Party and the State, are always interested in developing quantity, quality, developing training plans based on targets standard titles of local officials in order to improve the leadership and management capacity of these contingents, demonstrating: - Professional, professional and leadership skills, management Firstly, training and retraining for the key ethnic officials at local level The training and retraining of officials in general and key ethnic officials at local level in particular in the Northwest region in recent years have made positive changes The leaders and managers of the Northwestern region are very interested in improving the leadership and management capacity for key ethnic officials at local level by improving the quality of training and fostering nursing staff Secondly, attracting talents, developing and creating local officials through: programs, schemes and projects to attract young knowledge to work in localities; the system of election and development of the system of boarding schools for ethnic minorities Programs, projects and projects to attract young knowledge about the localities to work: The Prime Minister issued Decision No 170 / QD-TTg, dated January 26, 2011, approving the Project of Selection 600 excellent young, universitylevel knowledge strengthened as vice chairmen of People's Committees of 62 poor districts and Decision No 1758 / QD-TTg, dated September 30, 2013, approving the Project points of recruiting young intellectuals to volunteer for the communes involved in rural and mountainous development in the period of 2013 - 2020 The Northwest provinces have implemented the project and achieved certain achievements, contributing to the development create sources of leading and managerial officials for local levels, especially in difficult, deep-lying, remote and border areas; The regime of sending and recruiting sources of ethnic officials: the implementation of election of provinces in the Northwest region in the past years has been carried out strictly according to regulations, the deployment of recruitment at local level ensures publicity, democracy, so many localities have overcome the shortage of staff; Developing the system of boarding ethnic minority high schools: The quality of education of boarding ethnic minority schools in the Northwestern region has been increasingly improved, ethical education, life skills education and culture ethnic groups, organizations take care of material and spiritual life and health care for students are promoted Thirdly, strengthen and develop theethnic officials at local level in the Northwest On May 15, 2014, the Prime Minister issued Decision 718 / QD-TTg approving the Scheme on consolidation and strengthening of the Mong ethnic 15 officials in the local political system in the communes In the Northwest, 2014 - 2018 Implementing this project, the leaders of the Northwestern provinces have designed their own projects based on the guidance above, in order to increase the staff resources EM people for the locality Fourthly, conducting a scheme of cutting officials not meeting standards, rotating officials to local level and paying attention to the implementation of regimes and policies for local officials The Party Committees at all levels in the Northwestern provinces increase the rotation of local officials to understand the difficulties in localities and help to improve the leadership and management capacity for local officials In addition, the Party committees and authorities in the Northwestern region are also interested in implementing regimes and policies for local officials according to the Party and State's regulations, paying attention to investment and improving working conditions and strengthening equipment to serve the work of local officials - Ethical qualities and leadership style Party committees and authorities in the Northwestern region always pay close attention to the work of training and fostering revolutionary morality for the staff, especially officials key ministries of ethnic minority people at local level * Limited - Professional qualifications, leadership and management skills: Firstly, in the Northwest region at present, there is no overall plan on training and retraining Ethnic officials in the direction of integrated training use; Secondly, due to the downsizing policy according to Decree 108 / CP and the Law on Organization of Local Governments, the arrangement and use of members when the project is completed still face many difficulties; Thirdly, the formulation of plans and assigning recruitment targets have not really come from practical requirements, from the master plan; Fourthly, the state of serious deterioration of facilities, learning equipment, classrooms, function rooms, and boarding houses in remote and isolated areas is particularly difficult; Fifthly, the work of strengthening and developing theethnic officials at local levels is still limited - Ethical qualities and leadership style: the thorough grasping and organization of implementation of annual renovation plans and directives are in place, there are still formal jobs, there are not many creative, effective and effective ways sweeping impact in society Reviewing and supplementing professional ethical standards and official ethics are still slow The elaboration of content of personal commitment, training and striving efforts of many officials and party members is still general, difficulties in commenting and evaluation of results comply with annual reviews Some officials, civil servants and officials have not strictly implemented the Regulation 101-QD / TW of the Secretariat, the quality of solving some jobs is still 16 low A small number of officials and party members, including the heads of a number of agencies and units, have not voluntarily practiced in training, studying and exemplifying Ho Chi Minh's morality and style, in some cases violating Party regulations and State laws, must be disciplined 2.2.2 Causes, achievements and limitations on the leadership and management capacity and leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region today 2.2.2.1 Cause of accomplishment Firstly, the Party and the State have resolutions, decisions, directives, decrees that are correct, timely, suitable to the situation; Secondly, the Party Committees at the higher level in the Northwestern provinces always identify the bases that play an important role in the issue of building great national unity, protecting the national sovereignty; Thirdly, most of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwestern region have been gradually aware of their responsibilities in the face of increasing demands in the new period; Fourthly, the socio-economic situation in the Northwest region has positive changes, the economic life of ethnic officials at local level has improved; Fifthly, the annual assessment of key ethnic officials at some Party organizations has been renewed in a much more positive way than before; Sixthly, remuneration policies for key officials of ethnic minorities have improved 2.2.2.2 The cause of the restriction * Objective causes: Firstly, complex natural characteristics, economic, cultural and social conditions still develop at a low level, production methods are backward; Secondly, the work of planning and creating sources to build key contingent of ethnic officials at local level rev eals many limitations, some localities are still passive in terms of adjacent officials; Thirdly, the negative influences from backward customs and traditions and feudal and ethnic ideas are narrow; Fourthly, the training and retraining of the ethnic officials at local levels is still limited; Fifthly, the quality of the boarding school system for ethnic minorities is still limited; Sixthly, the concretization and organization of the implementation of the central directives and resolutions are still slow, the annual evaluation of key officials at some Party organizations has not reflected the true nature * Subjective reasons: Firstly, some Party Committees and heads of agencies in the Northwestern region are not fully aware of the role of leadership and management capacity of the ethnic officials at local level; Secondly, the educational, professional, professional, state management and theoretical abilities of ethnic officials at local level are still limited; Thirdly, affected by centralized economic management, bureaucracy, local subsidies and customs; Fourthly, a number of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region lacks of training and training; Sixthly, the awareness of learning and training to improve the leadership and management 17 capacity of key ethnic staff at local level is still limited; Seventhly, inadequacies in the regime and policies on preferential treatment for key ethnic officials at local levels 2.2.3 Issues raised Stemming from the current situation of leadership, management and improvement of the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level and the causes of the above situation, we identify the issues that should solve as follows: 2.2.3.1 A part of officials is still limited in terms of raising the leadership and management capacity of the key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region today A part of the party organization and the head are not aware of the dialectical relationship between building a the ethnic officials at the local level, building, organizing the party organization, reforming the organizational structure, especially In areas where there are many ethnic minorities living and strategically important locations such as the Northwest The cause comes from the limitations of the capacity and qualifications of these subjects, especially the capacity of dialectical thinking and science 2.2.3.2 The leadership and management capacity of key ethnic minority officials at the local level in the Northwestern region is currently limited compared to the requirements Practices in the Northwest provinces today, the capacity of a part of this staff is not commensurate with the training level, requirements and tasks assigned Therefore, in order to improve the leadership and management capacity for local ethnic officials contributing to the socio-economic development in the Northwest region, the resolution of this conflict is a urgent current problem 2.2.3.3 The contradiction between ensuring the quantity, quality, inheritance and uniformity of key ethnic officials at local level and the policy of streamlining the organization and staffing of the Party and the State at present In the process of organizing the streamlining of payrolls, some heads of organizations and human resource management agencies are not fully aware of this issue The capacity of a number of the key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwestern region has not met the requirements of the new period, however, there are not enough strong measures to take out the political system The downsizing of the staff has been done in a "mechanical” manner, there is still a respectable state, a sense of individuality and a avoidance Meanwhile, young knowledge contingent of ethnic minorities with good qualifications and competencies is difficult to recruit due to sufficient staff This fact contradicts the requirement of ensuring the quantity, quality and inheritance of the key contingent of local ethnic officials in the Northwest region today 2.2.3.4 Lack of motivation to stimulate the key ethnic officials at local levels in the 18 Northwest region for self-improvement in leadership and management capacity In fact, many problems in the mechanism, policies and laws of the State towards local are still inconsistent and inconsistent In the work of officials, there is a lack of binding factors on mechanisms and policies for this cadre to strive to self-rise Remuneration policy for key ethnic officials at local level is still inadequate Therefore, it is difficult to attract highly qualified and capable people to participate in the local government apparatus 2.2.3.5 The underdeveloped socio-economic level which hinders the process of improving the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at the local level in the Northwestern region at present Currently, the Northwest region still has a lot of extremely difficult socioeconomic conditions, low living standards, high poverty rates, and up to 80% of the population lives on agriculture The current situation of the underdeveloped socioeconomic level of the Northwest region contradicts the requirements of regional socio-economic development, raising the intellectual level to enhance the leadership and management capacity of the team current key ethnic officials at local level This is a fundamental contradiction that requires long-term solutions to resolve 2.2.3.6 Training and retraining officials not associated with the planning of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region today In the Northwest region today, training and retraining of a contingent of key ethnic officials at local levels in some aspects has not really been linked to the planning of this contingent of officials The planning of key ethnic officials at local level just stopped at arranging and arranging officials to meet the immediate requirements, lacking long-term strategies, and not linking the planning with training and arrangement., staff use Originating from the above situation, the development of planning associated with training and retraining to improve leadership and management capacity for key ethnic officials at local level is an urgent requirement in the Northwest in the current period Conclusion of chapter Under the leadership of Party committees and authorities, in recent years, the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region has gradually developed However, there are still some key ethnic officials at local level who are still limited in leadership and management capacity Facing the above situation, the Party Committees and the authorities in the Northwestern provinces have had solutions to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level but their effectiveness is not high The above situation raises the following issues: The limited awareness of a section of officials on the issue of improving the leadership and management capacity of officials; The leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local 19 level in the Northwest region is still limited; Conflict between the requirement of ensuring the quantity and quality of key ethnic officials at the local level and the policy of streamlining the organization and staffing of the staff; Lack of motivation to motivate staff to improve their leadership and management capacity; Training and retraining officials is not yet associated with cadre planning And the main reason is due to: complicated natural characteristics, economic, cultural and social conditions still developing at a low level production mode is backward; planning, creating sources to build key contingent of ethnic minority people at local level revealed many limitations; Negative influences from backward customs and traditions, feudal and ethnic ideas; Training and retraining of the ethnic officials at local levels is still limited; Educational, professional, professional and theoretical ability of ethnic officials at local level is still limited; A part of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region lacks of cultivation and training CHAPTER SOME MAJOR SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT CAPACITY OF THE KEY ETHNIC OFFICIALS AT THE LOCAL LEVELS IN THE NORTHWESTERN AREA 3.1 Strengthening the Party's leadership and raising the awareness of Party Committees at all levels on the need to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic minority officials at local levels in the locality 3.1.1 Strengthening the Party's leadership in improving the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level Firstly, continue to materialize the principle that the Party unanimously directs officials work and manages the contingent of officials, and at the same time issues and organizes the implementation of resolutions and instructions on improving leadership and management capacity management of key ethnic minority officials at local level; Secondly, to lead the planning, training and retraining of a contingent of key officials of local ethnic minority people; Thirdly, leading the inspection and supervision of the improvement of leadership and management capacity of the key ethnic officials at local levels; Fourthly, strengthening the management of local officials, leading the work of evaluating and rotating local officials 3.1.2 Raising awareness of the Party committees in the Northwest region about the need to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic minority officials at local levels Local level is the place to implement all guidelines and policies of the Party and the State, which directly reflects and captures people's feelings, aspirations and feelings However, in recent years, many people have recognized that the local level 20 is low in the political system, so the leadership and management work is the simplest, so the qualifications and capacity of local officials not need to High, just experience is the key Therefore, the development of mechanisms, policies and remuneration policies for officials at local levels has not been given adequate attention, and the training, retraining, evaluation and employment of officials despite many Innovation has not been respected and effectively implemented in practice 3.2 Improving the quality of training, retraining and honing leadership and management skills of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region today The training and retraining of the key ethnic officials at local ethnic minority in the Northwest need to be renewed in terms of planning, content, methods and forms of training, specifically: Developing training programs of each type of key cadre, innovate the content of training key officials at local level; Innovating methods and diversifying types of training; There is a mechanism to encourage officials to raise the awareness of self-study and self-fostering to raise their qualifications; To enhance material foundations, raise the quality of education for boarding ethnic minority high schools, provincial Political Schools, and political centers of districts and cities; Strengthen training of key contingent of ethnic minority people at local level through rotation of officials 3.3 Promoting exemplary, positive, proactive, self-conscious learning to improve leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region today Raising the awareness of self-study and retraining of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region now needs to focus on the following tasks: Each cadre needs to have high awareness and responsibility at work, regularly updating new information, guidelines and policies of the Party and State, the province and the district to apply creativity in the implementation process, need to stick to reality and actively forge practice training in the areas under their management; Raising awareness of self-study and self-training of key ethnic officials associated with training leadership skills, management, revolutionary revolutionary morality, building leadership style, democratic management, Scientific, practical 3.4 Improve working conditions, formulate, complete and well implement some policies for key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwestern region, creating motivation for them to strive to achieve their tasks well the case is delivered 3.4.1 Improve working conditions of key ethnic officials at local level in Northwestern region In fact, in the Northwest region, working conditions of officials in remote communes still face a lot of difficulties, the offices are sketchy, rudimentary, working facilities, though invested, are still very lack, this affects the ability to exploit, receive, 21 process information, handle situations in leadership and management Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to the improvement of working conditions of local officials in general, key ethnic officials in particular so that they can feel secure in their work self-improvement capacity, capacity of themselves 3.4.2 Develop, complete and well implement some policies for key officials of ethnic minorities at local level In order to improve the leadership and management capacity for the key contingent of ethnic officials at the local level, it is necessary to renovate and perfect the policies and remuneration policies for officials with the following basic measures: Firstly, basically solve the salary issue of key local officials; Secondly, renewing policies on training and retraining of key ethnic officials at local levels; Thirdly, provide additional support for the key ethnic officials at local levels, especially those working in extremely difficult communes with difficult terrain 3.5 Socio-economic development, investment in building transport infrastructure, improving material and spiritual life for people of ethnic groups in the Northwest region today 3.5.1 Socio-economic development aims to improve the material and spiritual life of people of the ethnic groups in the Northwest region today In the Northwest region today, it is required to focuse on the following tasks: Firstly: continue to thoroughly grasp and organize the strict implementation of the Party's Directives and Resolutions, gradually improving the quality of life of the people of the people clan; Secondly, focus on exploiting the areas of strength of the region; Thirdly, to focus on building and upgrading the road traffic system; Fourthly, mobilizing resources for investment in cultural and social development, taking care of the material and spiritual life of people of all ethnic groups 3.5.2 Continue to invest in building transport infrastructure for the Northwest today It is necessary to continue investing in building transport infrastructure for the Northwest region, in which, focusing on the following tasks: Firstly, continuing to review the transportation development planning to adjust and supplement supplement to suit the actual situation; Secondly, to upgrade and invest in the construction of rural roads in poor communes, in which priority is given to support and arrange investment capital for roads leading to commune central; Thirdly, localities should proactively balance the budget, mobilize legal capital to implement projects in accordance with their capabilities and resources 3.6 Innovating and promoting the planning, arrangement, use, evaluation and creating key sources of ethnic people at local levels in the Northwest region today 3.6.1 Regarding the planning, arrangement and employment of officials in the Northwest region In order to well the planning work associated with training and retraining of 22 key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region, it is necessary to: Ensure the structure, quantity, quality, ensure continuity, inherit and legally effective, feasible and associated with training and retraining of officials; Enhancing the roles and responsibilities of the Party Committees and competent agencies according to the personnel management decentralization, annually reviewing the planning work 3.6.2 Renewing the task of evaluating the key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwestern region In order to assess officials correctly, the cadre evaluation task must have very strict principles and processes, in which it is important to note: it is necessary to master the Party's viewpoint on cadre standards; Staff assessment should be objective, comprehensive, specific in history and development; It is necessary to be impartial and impartial when assessing officials in general and key ethnic officials at local levels in particular in the Northwest region today 3.6.3 Promote the creation of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region Based on the planning of officials, there should be a plan to create a source of officials, creating a key source of ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region at present: through practical labor in production and working in the Department, through programs, projects, projects to attract young knowledge about the local work, through the system of sending, recruiting for training according to local needs, from boarding ethnic minority high schools and from children of local ethnic groups, from ethnic minorities who have completed their military service and returned to the locality Sub-conclusion of chapter Based on the current situation of leadership, management and improvement of leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region at present, the thesis identifies some solutions Basically, to continue raising the leadership and management capacity of the key ethnic officials at the local level in the Northwest as follows: Enhancing the Party's leadership and raising the awareness of the Party Committees at all levels the need to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic minority officials at local levels; Improving the quality of training, retraining and training leadership and management skills of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwestern region; Promoting exemplary, positive, proactive, self-conscious learning to improve leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwestern region; Improve working conditions, formulate, complete and well implement a number of policies for key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwestern region, creating motivation for them to strive to achieve their tasks well cases assigned; Socioeconomic development, investment in building transport infrastructure, improving 23 material and spiritual life for people of ethnic groups in the Northwest region; Innovating and promoting the planning, arrangement, use, evaluation and creation of key sources of local ethnic minority officials In the process of implementing these solutions, it is necessary to conduct them synchronously and depending on the specific circumstances of each locality in order to flexibly apply them to raise the effectiveness of this system of groups of solutions CONCLUDE Personnel work is the key and important step in building Party Improvement of officials’ capacity, especially local officials, plays an important role in the current period Therefore, scientists are focusing on research under different angles and scopes Within the scope of the thesis, the author focuses on researching the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwest region in order to improve the quality of the contingent of ethnic officials, creating motivation for sustainable Northwest region development Based on the overview of the research situation related to the topic, the author of the thesis found some issues that need to be clarified, namely: Clarifying the concept: the key ethnic officials at local level, leadership and management capacity, improving the leadership and management capacity of the key ethnic officials at local level Factors that constitute the leadership, management and subjects, content and methods to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local levels; Analyze current status of leadership, management and improvement of leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in Northwestern region From that point out, the issues raised and proposed a number of key solutions to improve the leadership and management capacity for key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwest region today From the research results, it is shown that raising the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local ethnic minority is a process of legal interaction of subjects to increase knowledge, skills and leadership and management style of key ethnic officials at local level in accordance with their operational requirements, ensuring that such activities are effective The subjects to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic minority officials at local level include: Party organizations, Government, mass organizations at central, provincial, district levels and the staff themselves the key ethnic officials today Content of leadership and management capacity is shown on: improving intellectual capacity, professional level, practical organization capacity; require training, improving leadership skills, management; improve the political quality, revolutionary ethics, form a democratic, scientific and practical leadership style In recent years, improving the leadership and management capacity of key 24 ethnic officials in the Northwest region has achieved certain achievements, but there is still a part of key ethnic officials local level is still limited in terms of leadership and management Facing the above situation, the Party Committees and the authorities in the Northwestern provinces have had solutions to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level but their effectiveness is not high The above situation raises a number of issues: improving the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwestern region; Conflict between the requirement of ensuring the quantity and quality of key ethnic officials at the local level and the policy of streamlining the organization and staffing of the staff; Lack of motivation to motivate staff to improve their leadership and management capacity; Training and retraining officials not yet associated with cadre planning The above reality is caused by various objective and subjective reasons In particular, the main reasons leading to the limitations and weaknesses are: training and retraining of ethnic minority officials at the local level is still limited, the annual evaluation of key officials in a the number of Party organizations has not reflected the true nature, educational level, expertise, professional capacity, and creative skills of the contingent of ethnic officials at local levels is still limited, a number of key ethnic officials at the local level lacking training, training, inadequacies in the regimes and policies to treat key ethnic minority officials at local levels Therefore, in order to improve leadership and management capacity of the key ethnic officials in the Northwest region should focus on solving urgent issues raised in the thesis Improving the effectiveness of the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials in the Northwestern region should implement some basic solutions as follows: Enhancing the Party's leadership and raising awareness of Party committees on the need to improve the leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the area; Improving the quality of training, retraining and training leadership and management skills of key ethnic minority officials at local levels; Promoting exemplary, positive, proactive, self-conscious learning to improve leadership and management capacity of key ethnic officials at local level in the Northwestern region; Improve working conditions, build, complete and well implement a number of policies for key ethnic officials at local levels in the Northwestern region; Socio-economic development, investment in building transport infrastructure, improving material and spiritual life for people of ethnic groups in the Northwest region; Innovating and promoting the planning, arrangement, use, evaluation and creation of a quality group of key ethnic officials at the local levels in the Northwestern region  ... scheme of cutting officials not meeting standards, rotating officials to local level and paying attention to the implementation of regimes and policies for local officials The Party Committees at... capacity of the Party Committee, the management of communal authorities, the concept of leadership capacity and management capacity and elements of the Party Committee's leadership capacity Commune... leadership capacity of the Party Committee, the management of the communal authorities pointed out the limitations of the leadership capacity of the Party Committee and the administration of the