Ảnh hưởng qua lại giữa đạo công giáo và văn hoá việt nam

DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NQI TRLTC^iJNG OAI HOC KHOA HOC XA HOI VA NHAN VAN • ^ ?J* ^J» ?J» ?f» ?J^ ^jC >J* ^ * 7T^ *•» » r , ^TN ?% rnQ ^ * C PHAM HUY THONG AXH HUdl^G QUA LAI GUfA DAO COII^G GIAO VA TAX HOA VIET iVAM Chuyen nganh Chu nghla vat bien chiimg va Chu nghia vat lich sijr Ma so : 62.22.80.05 LUAN AN TIEN Sl TRIET HOC Tap the hu6ng djin khoa hoc: GS.TS Nguyen Hiru Vui 2.TS Duong Van Duyen Al HOC QUOC GIA HA NO( i^UNG TAM THONG TIN THU VIEN Ha Noi, thang 02 nam 2008 linMMllllWH«H.ll MUG LUC A Mo dau Chucfng 1: Dau an cua dao Cong giao van hoa Viet Nam 1.1 Nhiing dong gap tick cUc cua dqo Cong gido vai van hod Viet Nam 1.1.1 Khai niem dao Cong giao va van hoa Viet Nam 1.1.2 Dao Cong giao voi six giao liru giua van hoa VietNam va the gi6i 13 1.1.3 Dao Cong giao vai cong trinh sang tao chiJ Quoc ngu 19 1.1.4 Dao Cong giao gop phan lam phong phii van hoa Viet qua \t hoi, van hoc, nghe thuat, baochi Cong giao 25 1.1.5 Giao ly Cong giao gop phan xay dirng loi song lanh manh xahoi 44 1.2 Nhvtng dnh huang tieu cifc cua dqo Cong gido vdi van hod Viet NamSA 1.2.1 Ngudi Cong giao gap kho khan the hien long yeu nirac va thirc thi phap luat 54 1.2.2 Niem tin ton giao can tra ngiroi Cong giao hoa nhap vai van hoa cong dong 62 Ket kudn cua chuang 66 ChuY/ng 2: Sir tac dong tro lai cua van hoa Viet Nam vol dao Cong giao nifdc ta 68 2.1 Van hoa Viet Nam, mot nhdn to gop phan hien doi dqo Cong gido xa \q thdnh mot ton gido gdn gfd vcri vdn hoa ddn tqc 68 2.1.1 Van hoa Viet Nam thiic day tien trinh hoi nhap van hoa dan toe ciia dao Cong giao ve phong tuc tapquan 69 2.1.2 Van hoa Viet Nam lam thay ddi thai cua dao Cong giao vai cac ton giao khac 81 2.1.3 Van hoa Viet Nam vai vice Viet hoa cac ITnh virc Phung vu cua dao Cong giao 87 2.1.4 Tien trinh Viet hoa dao Cong giao vai viec dao tao doi ngu giao sT ngirori Viet 92 2.2 Vdn hoa Viet Nam gop phan hinh thdnh vd phdt trien dudng dong hdnh cung ddn toe cua dqo Cong gido 95 2.2.1 Khai niem dong hanh cung dan toe 2.2.2 Ngufod 96 Cong giao Viet Nam v6\ cuoc khang chien gianh doc lap dan toe 100 2.2.3 Ngudi Cong giao Viet Nam vai six nghiep xay dimg va bao ve To quoc 108 - Ket hidn ciia chuo'ng 121 Chuang 3: Xu hiidng phat trien cua moi quan he giura dao Cong giao va van hoa dan toe giai doan doi mdi va hoi nhap quoc te hien 124 3.1 Nhung nhdn to tich cUc vd tieu ci(c doi v&i viec thuc day moi quan he gdn ho giua dqo Cong gido vd vdn hoa ddn toe 124 3.1.1 Nhirng nhan lotich cue 124 3.1.2 Nhung nhan to tieu cue 142 3.2 " Song Phuc dm giua long ddn tqc '* la xu hiurng tdt yeu cua moi quan he qua Iqi giifa dqo Cong gido vd vdn hoa Viet Nam 151 3.2.1 Tien trinh "Song Phiic am giua long dan toe" cua dao Cong giao tai Viet Nam 151 3.2.2 Mot so giai phap thiic day tien trinh " Song Phiic am giira long dan toe" 158 - Ket ludn cua chifc/ng 165 B Ket luan 168 C Tai lieu tham khao 174 D Danh muc cac bai bao khoa hoc cua tac gia da cong bo lien ^uan den luan an 183 r fill! luc: Quyet djnh lap Hoi dong cham luan an cap Nha nuoc; r.Nnn xet cua phan bien, Quyet nghi cua H6i dong; Toat yeu Suan an MODflU L Tinh cap thiet cua de tai ^ach " Khdm dinh Viet sir Thdng gidm cu'(/ng muc'' viel: '' Nam Nguyen Hoa thu nhat (1533) dai Le Trang Tong c6 nguai Tay duang ten Inekhu len den truyen dao Gia to a lang Ninh Cucmg va Quan Anh huyen Nam Chan va lang Tra Lu thuoc huyen Giao Thuy "[Dt 65, tr 187-188] * Cho den hom nay, cac sir gia Cong giao cung chua biel them mot chi tiet nao ve giao si c6 ten la Inikhu tren day nhung dao Cong giao vSn lay nam 1533 la nam khai sinh cho minh a Viet Nam Nhu vay, so \6i cac ton giao c6 nguon goc tir nude ngoai du nhap vao nuac ta nhu Phat, Nho, Dao giao thi dao Cong giao vSn rat tre The nhung, ton giao da de lai mot dau an kha dam net van hoa dan toe va cung lam xuat hien mot loat cac quan he phurc tap c6 xung dot gay gdt vai van hoa, xa hoi a nude ta Tru6c het, qua trinh truyen giao va phat trien ciia dao Cong giao giin lien vdi viec banh truang ciia chii nghla thuc dan, de quoc a Viet Nam nen no cung gap phai su chong doi quyet liet ciia mot so trieu dai phong kien truac day cung nhu mot so si phu c6 tinh than yeu nuac thiet tha vai van menh dan toe Dao Cong giao bi coi la '' ta dao'\ chong lai phong luc truyen thong cua dan toe ma ro net nhat la van de tha cung 16 tien Cuoc xam lang nude ta ciia thuc dan Phap vdi quy mo va cudng cang quyet liet thi muc chong doi dao Cong giao cung cang cang gay gat han Dudi cac trieu dai phong kien d nude ta, da cd 53 sic chi lien quan den viec cam doan dao Cong giao duac ban hanh Co cuoc khdi nghia da coi dao Cong giao la ke thu nguy hiem ngang hang vdi thuc dan Phap can phai tieu diet vdi khau hieu '' Binh Td\\ sat ld^\ ''•' Cac liTch dSn true tiep de [ ] gian tiep c6 them chu Dkn thco (DiJ dan cua Van than d Nghe TTnh nam 1874 ghi: 'Trieu dinh dau hoa vdi Tay mac long, si phu nude Nam vSn khong chiu, vay trudc hct xin gict hci giao dan roi sau danh Tay cho het de giiJ lay cai van hoa ciia ta da ho'n moi ngan nam nay" |Dl.53, tr.87] Sir ky thi dao Cong giao cang bj khocl sau thuc dan, de quoc sau am miru chia re luong- giao Khi Dang cong san Viet Nam ddi lanh dao nhan dan la gianh doc lap cho dan toe, mot phan cac the lire thij dich luon lai dung ton giao nhai la Cong giao de pha hoai sir doan ket loan dan toe va tren ihirc le da cd mot bo phan khong nhd cua ton giao cau ket vdi che thirc dan, dc quoc va tay sai Mot phan nifa cung anh hUcVng cua thai cung ran, thieu mem deo ciia cac Dang cong san Lien x6, Trung Quoc luc bay gid nen da hinh xa hoi nude ta cd ca can bo, dang vicn lU tircVng la khuynh bai ton giao nhat la Cong giao, phu nhan gia Iri van hoa, dao du*c cua cac ton giao Giao su Dang Nghiem Van da ndi rat diing hien lugfng Ong viet: Thuc te da hinh tir iixang can bo quan niem phat Iricii ton giao khong co kli cho each mang Do la sir hieu biet han hep cua ho chi xet ton giao qua nhung hanh dong ton giao phuc vu muc dich chfnh tri dofn thuan nen da v6 tinh gay nhung doi lap khong can thiet giifa nha nut'yc va ton giao doi song xa hoi, tren ca mat tran van hoa, dao dure, tarn ly |90, tr.611 Suot Mil gian du6i ihai chien tranh lanh, mau thuan giiJa y ihuc he cong san chu nghla va cac ton giao, dac biet la Cong giao bi thoi phong khoet sau, tham chf coi la thu dich Ngay 19-3-1937, Giao hoang Pio XI da cong bo thong diep Divini Redemptoris (Dang Cuu chuoc) icn ID chu nghla cong san Thong diep viet: "Cong san ban chat la gian la sa khong the chap nhan cong tac tren bat cu pham vi nao doi voi moi nguoi muon cuu lay van minh Kito gia()"[Dl.7.'^, tr.482| Con o Dong Diiung -2 9-11-195K 14 Giam muc dd cd ngirdi Viet Nam cung da ky vao mot Thu chung vdi Idi le gay gat hon: Chu nghla cong san bac bo Thien chua, bac bd moi ton giao, bac bo thuyel linh hon hang song, bac bd quyen lai cua ngudi va gia dinh Chu nghia cong san xung khac tuyet ddi vdi Cong giao den ndi Dure Thanh cha tuyen bd : khong the vira ihco cong san vira theo Cong giao dirac va ngirdi Cong giao nao gia nhap Dang cong san thi lap tiic bi khai trur khdi giao hoi [Dt.76, lr.93 | Nh&ng quan diem cue doan tren day da gay mac cam dinh kien cho ca cong dong Cong giao va mot bo phan xa hoi ddi vdi ton giao Ma day lai la mot ton giao Idn d nude la hien vdi gan trieu Ifn dd chiem hom 7% dan so ca nude Dung nhu Giam muc Biii Tuan da chia se tarn tir gan day: Mot dang doc lap va hoa hcJp dan toe luon la ly tudng idi khao khai Mot dang chong cong lai la menh lenh cua Be tren dao ma loi phai vang Kho khan Idn nhat la d cho: Thai diem lap trung vao viec gianh doc lap va xay dung doan ket chong ngoai xam lai Dang cong san Viet Nam lanh dao Cd nhiJng luc luofng lam toi cam ihay diSn xung dot gay gal Xung dot cd chieu sau tham tham va chieu rong menh mdng Xung dot lai keo dai tir nam qua nam khac [85, tr.3] Dang cong san Viet Nam, dac biet la Chu lich Hd Chf Minh- ngudi sang lap va lanh dao Dang ta da cd ral nhieu chu truong, chinh sach dung dan nham xoa di mac cam dinh kien giua ngudi cd dao va khong cd dao, xay dung khdi dai doan ket loan dan toe vi muc tieu doc lap lir cho dan toe, hanh phuc cho nhan dan Sau tien hanh cong cuoc ddi mdi moi each loan dicn Dang cung cd nhiJng quan diem rat bien chun>i vo ion giao Nghi quyet 25-NQ/TW "\e cong tdc ton gido'^ duac thdng qua dau nam 2003 la moi vf du Nghi quyet viel: 'Tm ngUdTig Idn giao la nhu cau ~ linh than cua mot bd phan nhan dan va se ton tai cijng dan tdc qua trinh xay dung chu nghla xa hoi d nude la Dong bao cac ton giao la bo phan cua khdi dai doan ket loan dan toe Dao dure ton giao cd nhieu dieu phii hop vdi cong cuoc xay dung xa hoi mdi'' [25, tr.49] Ve phia dao Cong giao cijng cd nhiJng budc lien dai tren dm^g dong hanh ciing dan toe Sau nude nha thdng nhat, mot khong khf phan khdi, tir hao dang Irao moi ngudi dan Viet Nam irong dd cd dong bao Cong giao Thu chung cua cac Giam muc Viet Nam nam 1980 da ghi lai niem pha'n khdi dd Lan dau tien ngudi ta thay nhirng giao huan nhu the nay: Yeu To quoc, yeu dong bao ddi vdi ngUdi cong giao khong nhiing la tinh cam lu nhien phai cd ma la mot ddi hoi ciia Phiic am Long yeu nude cua chung ta phai thiet thuc nghla la chiing ta phai y Ihiic nhirng van de hien tai cua que huofng, phai hieu biet dudng loi chinh sach cua Nha nude va tfch cue cijng dong bao loan quoc gdp phan bao ve va xay dung mot nude Vict Nam giau manh, lir do, hanh phuc [65, tr.2431 Rd rang liT nay, ngudi Cong giao khong phai ban khoan diimg imdc nhiing lira chon khd khan la ton giao hay dan toe dao hay ddi vi nghla vu ngudi cong dan cung la bdn phan ciia ngudi ifn huu Til Cong giao va Dan toe cung dong hanh tren mot dudng Tuy vay, nhiJng quan diem dung dan tren day lii hai phfa giao hoi va Nha nude chua phai da duac sir dong thuan, ung ho ciia moi ngudi Van mot so ngudi giao hoi coi tu tudng dong hanh ciing dan loc la ''cap lien'' tham chf la "theo dudi Nha nude", la giam muc, linh muc ''quoc doanh" , Nguac lai ciing khong ft Idi chi Irfch chfnh sach ur tfn ngudng, ton giao dung dan ciia Nha nude la nhat la tir nhiJng ngudi cd lu tirdtig cue doan lif nude ngoai Ho cho rang lam nhu hien la '^ mat canh giac'' ma phai dijng cac bien phap ciing ran vdi cac Idn uiao Tmofc mot tinh hmh nhu vSy, chiing toi muon thong qua nhung kien giai luan an khang dinh nhiJng dong gop tich cue cua dao Cong giao v6i van hoa xa hoi Viet Nam nh^m gop phan xoa di nhung mac cam, dinh kien von ton tai lau ddi mot bo phan dan chung dong thdi cung chi r^ng chi c6 gdn bo vdi van hoa dan toe, dong hanh v6i dSn toe, dao Cong giao m6i c6 the phat trien lanh manh va c6 cho diJng long dan toe 2.Tinh hinh nghien curu de tai De tai ve dao Cong giao duac rat nhieu hoc gia, vua chua, sT phu, cac nha lanh dao nude ta quan tam Chu tich Ho Chf Minh ciing c6 rat nhieu bai viet, bai noi ve de tai ma chiing toi da siru tap lai cuon Chii tich Hd Chi Minh vdi dong bao Cong gido { Nxb CTQG, 2004) Co the nhan mot xu hudng truac thdi ky doi mdi la cd nhung tac pham chi nhln thay mat tieu cue cua ton giao nhu Dao Thien Chita vd chii nghia thuc ddn a Viet Nam ( Cao Huy Thuan, Nxb Hmmg que USA 1988) hoac chi thay mat tdt mang tinh chat ho giao nhu Cong gido Viet Nam dong sinh minh Viet Nam (Cao The Dung, Dan Chiia xuat ban- USA 1988) Nhan su kien phong 117 tu dao Viet Nam nam 1988, nhieu cuoc hoi thao khoa hoc cap Nha nude da duac to chirc nhieu tac pham nghien ciiu ve dao Cong giao da dugc cong bd vdi cai nhm mdi nhat la nhirng tac gia gan day nhu Vdn deddnh gid vai tro ciia ton gido (GS.TS Nguyan Huu Vui, Tap chf Triet hoc 3-1992); Niiioig dong gop ciia Cong gido vao nen vdn hoa Viet Nam (PCS Nguyen Van Kiem Tap chf Nghien ciJu ton giao so 1-2001); Ton gido mdi quan he vdi vdn Iwd vdphdt trien (PGS.TS Nguy6n Hong Duong, Nxb KHXH 2004); Vdn de ton gido cdch mang \ let Nam- Ly luan vd liiitc lien ( GS.TS Dd Quang Hung, Nxb CTQG 2005); Mot so luan an TS Triel hoc gan day cung chon de tai nhu Tmcmg Nhu Vuttng : Cjdp phdn dm hieu dao due Kinh thdnh (1988); Dd Thi Lan Hien: Su ihom^ nlidl gi7a kinh Chua vd yeu nuac tu tudng Viet Nam th&i can dai (2001) Nhieu lac gia la ngUdi Cong giao cung duac du luan chu y nhu Tran Tam Tinh vdi I hap gid vd luai giMm ( Nxb Tre 1988), Nguyen The Thoai vdi Cong gido tren que huang Viet Nam ( Luu hanh noi bo 2001) The nhung chua CO mot tac pham nao de cap mot each day du den mdi quan he qua lai giiia dao Cong giao va van hda Viet Nam Muc dich, nhiem vu va pham vi nghien ciiru cua luan an - Muc dich cua luan an la nham lam sang td nhirng ddng gdp lich cue cua dao Cong giao vdi van hoa Viet Nam va anh hudng Ird lai ciia van hoa nude ta vdi ton giao nhat la vice xay dung dudng huCm^ "Song Phiic dm giifa long ddn tqc'\ - Nhiem vu : + Phan tich lam rd nhiing anh hUcVng tich cue ciing nhu lieu cue ciia dao Cong giao vdi van hoa Viet Nam + Lam rd su lac dong Ird lai cua van hoa nude ta vdi dao Cong giao tien trinh Viet hoa dao Cong giao, bien d(5i ton giao tii' mdi ton giao xa la Ird ton giao cang gan bd vdi van hoa dan loc, - Pham vi nghien ciiu: Tap trung nghien ciiu anh hudng ciia dao Cong giao vdi van hoa Viet Nam va sir lac dong Ird lai ciia van hoa nude la ddi vdi Idn giao tren hai phuctng dien Viet hda Phung vu va dudng ddng hanh eimg dan toe Ca so ly luan va phuong phap nghien curu Luan an duac xay dung tren ca sd nguyen ly eiia triel hoc MacLcnin, dac biet la quan dem ciia chu nghla Mac- Lenin va lu lirdng Hd chf Minh ve van de ton giao Ve phucflig phap nghien cihi: Luan an quan triel phuoiig phap luan triel hoc Mac xil Cd sir thdng nhat giira phucmg phap lich sir va logic phan Ifch va long hap, kel hiip giua nghien cim ly ihuycl va khao sal ihuc lien -6 Cai mdi cua luan an - Luan an trinh bay he thdng va lucmg ddi day dii nhiing ddng gdp tfch cue ciia dao Cong giao vdi van hoa Viet Nam - Khang dinh rang, nhd sir tac dong trd lai cua van hoa n\l6c la nen da bien ddi dao Cong giao liif mot ton giao xa la, xung khac vdi van hoa dan toe trd mot ton giao gan bd, gan gui vdi dan toe Luan an cung phae thao xu huctng van dong cua dao Cong giao d Vict Nam irong mdi quan he vdi van hda dan toe va dua mot giai phap de phat trien mdi quan he gan ix) dd giai doan dai nude doi mdi va hoi nhap quoc te Y nghia ly luan va thurc ti^n cua luan an + Y nghla ly luan: Su bien doi cua dao Cong giao d Viet Nam chirng id rang, ton giao cung la san pham cua xa hoi, cua lich su Ton tai tren dai nude la, Irong xa hoi la, nhiing yeu id tfch cue cua dao Cong giao duoc phat huy, nhung yeu td lieu cue bi khong che, vi vay xem xet ton giao nhu Nghi quyet 25- NQ/TU* V*^^ cong tdc ton gido cua Dang ta la bien chirng va diing dan, gdp phan phat trien ly luan ciia chu nghla Mac Lenin ve van de ton giao + Y nghla thuc tien: Vdi vice khang djnh nhung ddng gdp ciia dao Cong giao vdi van hoa Viet Nam, luan an gdp phan xoa di mac cam, djnh kien n(ti ddng bao cd dao va cong dong xa hoi ddi vdi ton giao Luan an cd the su dung lam tai lieu nghien cihi, giang day, tuyen truyen gdp phan xay dung khdi dai doan ket loan dan, phat huy siJc manh loan dan toe Ket cau ciia luan an Luan an dai 18^ trang khd A4 Ngoai phan Md dau, Ket luan, trang f'hu luc anh minh hoa, Nhung cong Irinh cua tac gia cd lien quan den luan an va Danh muc cac tai lieu tham khao luan an chia lam chuong tiet INHAN XET LUAN AN TIEN SY TRIET HOC Ten de tai: " Anh hudmg qua lgi giita dao Cong gido vd vdn hod Viet Nam " Nghien cihi sinh: Pham Huy Thong Chuyen nganh: CNDVBC & CNDVLS - Ma sd: 62.22.80.05 Ngiroi nhan xet: PGS,TS Hoang Minh Dd- Phan bien Doc 185 trang luan an va torn tat luSn an, tdi cd nhirng nhan xet chinh sau: 1- Ve tinh c^'p thiet ciia de tai Tdn giao tir xuat hien vdn da co quan he khang khft vdi van hoa va gdn bo mat thiet, khdng tach rdi vdi ddi sdng cdng dong Tdn giao la mdt td ciia van hoa, mdt bd phan ca'u ciia van hoa, chiing dan xen va tham nhap vao nhau, nhieu khd bdc tach Mdi quan he giira tdn giao va van hoa hien ndi chung dd cd quan he giiia van hoa va Cdng giao Viet Nam ndi rieng khdng chi dugc cac nha tdn giao va van hoa hgc d nhieu qudc gia quan tam nghien cuu ma cdn dugc cac chfnh khach, chfnh tri gia, nha quan ly cang chu y Ddi vdi nudc ta, sudt chieu dai lich sir dan tdc ke tu Cdng giao du nhap, Cdng giao va van hoa ton tai dan quyen vao nhau, m6i thdi ky deu cd nhimg sac thai bieu hien khac nhau, tham chf cd nhirng giai doan xung dot vdi nhau, khdng song hanh ciing va de lai khdng ft mac cam, kien Tuy nhien, Cdng giao cdn co nhirng ddng gop tfch cue, ldn lao cho ddi sdng tam linh va cho nen van hoa dan tdc Nhiing dieu dan tren cho tha'y, de tai ma nghien ciiu sinh lua chon that su cd y nghia ca ve mat ly luan va thuc lien Thanh cdng cua de tai vl vay, mdt mat khang dinh nhirng ddng gdp tfch cue ciia dao Cdng giao vdi van hoa Viet Nam va mat khac, se gdp phdn quan trgng cho viec xoa ddn nhiing mac cam, dinh kien ddi dao Cdng giao mdt bd phan can bd va nhan dan ta Van de ma de tai dat cang cd y nghTa hon dieu kien hien nay, ma Dang va Nha nudc ta khdng chi thira nhan tdn giao(trong dd cd Cdng giao) se ton tai lau dai cung dan tdc va ciing vdi qua trinh xay dung CNXH d nudc ta, ma cdn khuyen khfch viec phat huy cac gia trj dao diic va van hoa ciia cac tdn giao nham phat huy vai trd ciia cac tdn giao ddi sdng xa hdi va giir gin ban sac van hoa dan tdc De tai luan an ma tac gia lira chon phii hgp vdi ma sd chuyen nganh CNDVBC & CNDVLS va khdng Uiing lap vdi cac cdng trinh, luan an da cdng bd 2- Ve CO sd ly luan, phuong phap nghien ciiru va ngudn tu lieu su dung - Luan an da dua chac tren co sd ly luan cua Chii nghia Mac- Lenin, cac quan diem ciia Dang va Nha.nudc ta va Tu tudng Ho Chf Minh ve tdn giao Cac phuong phap nghien ciiu cu the sir dung luan an phii hop vdi chuyen nganh va phii hop vdi nhiJng van de ma de tai dat - Cac tu lieu, ma tac gia sir dung luan an kha phong phii dugc chon loc ky, cd xuat xii rd rang va cd tin cay 3- Nhirng cdng chii yeu cua luan an %!•%* •'««J '/' "«»»5 u/tt lu ririurtg aung gOD ncn euc va W^mSdi v&i VHVN chuong 1: Tren co sd nhimg nghien ciiu budc dau ve hai khai niem: "Cdng gido" va "Vdn hod Viet Nam", tac gia da gianh 41 trang phan tfch kha sau nhiing ddng gdp tich cue, vai trd ciia dao Cdng giao ddi vdi VHVN tren nhieu phuong dien: - Dao Cdng giao vai trd ciia nhip cau chuyen tai va giao luu cac gia tri van hoa, hudng Viet Nam tiep can vdi van hoa, van minh phuong Tay tir dau the ky XVI va gidi thieu nen VHVN cdn dugc rat ft ngudi biet den ben ngoai Tac gia cd ly dan rang: Chinh cac giao sy dao Cdng giao da dua ky thuat det vai min, kho rdng vao Viet Nam va dua gidng ciiu vao Phan Rang(trl5) hoac " dong gdp vdo viec gidi thieu ddt nudc, eon ngudi vd vdn hod Viet Nam the gidi ben ngodi" (tr 16) - Dao Cdng giao gdp phan tao chii qudc ngii Luan an neu rd qua trinh du nhap va phat trien ciia dao Cdng giao vao Viet Nam gin lien vdi qua trinh hinh va phat trien ciia chir qudc ngii, gdn vdi cha Ddc Ld va cac nha truyen giao t6n tuoi Sir xuat hien diing luc cua chii viet mdi khdng chi dap iing tdt cho nhu cin truyen giao ma cdn dap iing nhu cau phat trien ciia dan tdc ta dd Nhung danh gia ciia tac gia ve vai trd ciia chir qudc ngir la khach quan cdng bdng(tr25) - Vai trd tich cue ciia dao Cdng giao cdn dugc tac gia phan tfch qua cac le hdi, van hoc, nghe thuat va bao chf(tr 25-43) Tac gia diing khing dinh rdng: " Dgo Cdng gido khdng ehi dong gdp cho VHVN nhifng nhd cdi each, tdn nhu Nguyen Trudng Td md nhieu nhd vdn hod, nhd khoa hgc ten tudi khdc "(tr42) Nhu vay nhirng ddng gdp tren day ciia Cdng giao ve cac gia tri van hoa vat the va phi vat the la dang Iran - Ngoai ra, nhiing ddng gdp tfch cue cua Cdng giao cdn dugc tac gia minh chiing qua viec gdp phdn xay dung ldi sdng lanh manh: Kfnh Chua, yeu ngudi; hdn nhan mdt vg mdt chdng; bai trii ma tuy; thau nap tin va tdy cho ho; md Idp hgc tinh thuang (tr 46-52) Tdi dinh gia cao nhCrng luan chiing cd sure thuyet phuc d phdn va cho rdng day la mdt the manh ciia tac gia, the hien su hie'u biet kha sau sdc ve Cdng giao va van hoa Cdng giao Khdng chi xem xet dau an ciia dao Cdng giao d mat tfch cue tac gia cdn gianh 11 trang(tr 54-65) de phan tfch, danh gia anh hudng tieu cue ciia no ddi vdi VHVN Diing la ngudi Cdng giao da gap khd khan the hien ldng yeu nudc va thuc thi chfnh sach, phap luat dd cd chfnh sach sinh de, dan so Dieu dd dugc luan giai lir anh hudng cua nao trang chdng cdng ciia Vatican, ciia chien dich giao dan di cu nam 1954 va sau nam 1975 Cung vdi cac tac nhan tren, ni6m tin vao Chua ciia giao dan it nhieu da can trd ho hoa nhap vdi van hoa cdng ddng Anh hudng tieu cue ndi tren cdn dugc nghien ciiu danh gia tir goc chinh tri ciia dao Cdng giao, nhai la CG hudng tdi cac hoal ddng bieu Hnh bao loan, khieu kien ve dat dai, CO sd Ihd lu , , " Theo Chung tdi, viec nghien ciiu ve tac ddng hai chieu noi tren cua lac gia luan an cho chiing nhln nhan dao Cdng giao mot each loan dien khach quan va cdng bang Day la mdt cdng cua chuong uaw chung ve su tdc dong trd lgi cua VHVN ddi vdi dgo Cong gido d nit&c ta chuomg 2, tac gia gianh 56 trang de phan tfch, luan giai van de ndi tren - Trudc het, tac gia xem VHVN la mdt nhan td gdp phdn bien ddi dao Cdng giao tir mdt tdn giao xa la trd mdt tdn giao gdn gui vdi VHDT va thiic ddy tien trinh hdi nhap van hoa ciia dao Cdng giao tren linh vuc ngdn ngir va phong tuc Qua hdi nhap van hoa, Cdng giao da xay dung dugc ldi sdng dao phii hgp vdi timg chau luc, qudc gia ; ddng thdi dua nghe thuat cac dan tdc vao nghi le, phung vu cua giao hdi Tac gia dung cho rdng: "gido hdi ludn coi viec hoi nhap vdn hod la hai mat cua mdt van de." va "hgi nhap vdn hod Id dieu kien, tien de dephuc dm hod({\.x 73) - Khdng nhiing the, VHVN cdn lam thay ddi thai dp eiia dao Cdng giao vdi cac tdn giao khac Sau nhiing va cham, xung dot vdi van hoa dan tdc thi, chfnh VHVN da budc dao Cdng giao phai hoi nhap Tir chd bai xfch liic ddu chuyen ddn sang khdng bai xfch, sang ddi thoai, coi cac tdn giao khac la ban va bdt tay gap go cac chiic sdc cac tdn giao khac(tr 85-86) - Viec Viet hoa cac ITnh vuc phung vu ciia dao Cdng giao dugc tac gia luan an phan tich kha ha'p dan(tr 87-92) Day la mdt cdng ciia chuong Tac gia da luan giai va dua nhirng minh chiing sinh ddng ve viec Cdng giao da dugc dan tdc hoa qua am nhac, hdi hoa va kien triic Khdng nhirng the,VHVN cdn thiJC ddy nhanh hon qua trinh dao tao ddi ngu giao sy ngudi Viet(tr 92-95) - Dac biet, chuong tac gia luan an cdn gianh mdt phdn thoa dang gdm 25 trang(tir tr 96-125) de phan tfch va luan giai ve VHVN gdp phdn hinh va phat trien dudng ddng hanh cung dan tdc ciia Cdng giao Viet Nam Dudi tac dgng cua VHVN, Cdng giao ddn chuyen bien theo hudng tfch cue Truyen thdng yeu nudc ciia ngudi dan dat Viet, khf the hao hiing cua cudc dau tranh gianh ddc lap dan tdc da tac ddng sau sdc den cdng ddng tin hiiu dao Cdng giao va tao chd dua, niem tin cho Cdng giao ddng hanh cung dan tdc cudc khang chien gianh DLDT, sir nghiep bao ve To qudc Da cd khdng ft giao dan, chirc sdc dao Cdng giao dem tien cua, mang sdng ciia minh bao ve nen DLDT GM Hd Nggc Cdn, tham gia "tuan li vdng " quyen tien ung hd Chfnh phii da ndi: " Vdy liic ndy, Tdi cung vui long chia cua quy ndy Idm hai Thdnh gid tdi giif lay de phung sU Thien chiia, ddy deo tdi xin dung de phung su Qudc gia" (tr 112) Tuy nhidn, dudng dong hanh a'y khdng he bdng phing Do dudng chdng gai, thir thach, tran trd Tren dudng ay, Thu chung 1980 cua HDGMVN la mdt dau mdc quan trong qua irlnh Cdng giao ddng hanh ciing dan tdc Theo tdi day la cdng ndi bat nhat ciia chuong^nay 3- Thir ba, ludn dn dd tap trung ludn gidi ve xu hudng phdt trien cua moi quan he giua dgo Cong gido v&i VHVN giai doan ddi m&i vd hgi nhap qudc te hien chuong luan an da phan tfch mot sd nhan td tich cue va lieu cue lac ddng den xu hudng phai trien ciia mdi quan he giira dao Cdng giao ^a^ VHVN: ' - ve mdt sd nhan id tfch cue, tac gia da cd nhirng khai qual kha hay ve nhung diem tuong ddng giiia Cdng giao va VHVN Dd la su giao thoa gura niem im vao Chua trdi he thdng giao ly Cdng giao vdi mem im va su ho cung Tro t^ong VHVNdr 125); la cac quan niem ve su ben vung cua g.a dmh cua nguo mot vg, mdt chdng" cua Cdng giao; la viec benh vuc ke ngheo Kno(tr 1Z8) va cdn ca cac quan mem ve dao dire Day la su khai thac va tim toi cdng cua tac gia Ciing vdi cac nhan td tren, luan an cdn chi mdt sd nhan td tfch cue khac nhu: Quan diem Hd Chf Minh ve TDTNTG, ve cac lanh tu tdn giao va doan ket luong giao; su ddi mdi tu tren ITnh vuc tdn giao ciia Dang ta nhimg nam qua da tao di6u kien thuan lgi cho Cdng giao hoa nhap vdi VHDT Hon the nua, tac gia tim tdi nhimg bieu hien tich cue, tien bd ciia Vatican qua viec gap gd hang nam vdi Nha nudc ta; qua viec cd vu giao dan trudc nghTa vu ciia qudc gia, dan tdc; qua ddi thoai giiia cac tdn giao(tr 135-141) - Ve cac nhan td tieu cue, mac dii cdn chua that ddy dii va sau sdc song tac gia cung chi dugc cac nhan td da it nhieu can trd qua trinh Cdng giao hoa nhap vdi V H D T V H V N Nhung va'n de ma tac gia ddn ra' nhu Cdng giao, tdn giao ddc thdn dung vdi thd cung to tien; viec phong 117 Thanh tir dao nam 1988; nhimg khac biet giira ddi ben thudng bi cac lire lugng xdu loi dung; hang trieu giao dan di cu(lr 142-151) da ft nhieu can trd qud trinh ddng hanh ciing dan tdc - Luan giai ve dudng hudng" Sdng phuc dm giifa long ddn tgc" cung la mdt cdng ndi bat cua luan an Bdng phuong phap lich sir, tac gia da cd gdng phan anh nhirng bien cd thang trdm cua dao Cdng giao sudt tien trinh "sdng phuc dm giifa ldng ddn tdc " Tu tudng " ddng hdnh " cua Nguyen Trudng To the ky XIX da cho tha'y: "ddt nudc bi nd le thi tdn gido ciing khdng the co tu "{IT 152) Tac gia rat diing khdng dinh rdng, dudng hudng ay la qua trinh tim kiem ddy gian khd, tran trd gdn nam the ky Tren co sd nhimg luan chiing ay tac gia di den mdt ket luan kha thoa dang la: Sdng phuc am giira long dan tdc la xu hudng tat yeu cua MQH giiia Cdng giao va VHVN - Mac dii cdn phai luan ban them vdi tac gia ve phdn cac giai phap cua luan an song, luan an cung da cd gdng neu va luan chiing kha chat che ve mdt sd giai phap thiic ddy tien trinh sdng phiic am giiia ldng dan tdc(tr 158-165) Cac giai phap cu the nhu: Cd vu cho phong trao yeu nudc ciia Cdng giao; cd vu cho khuynh hudng Viet hoa de xay dung cudc sdng tdt dao, dep ddi; xir ly tdt cac mau thudn sinh hdi nhap vdi VHDT; ddu tu nhieu hon niia cho nghien ciru, trung bay, gidi thieu nhiing tac pham nghe thuat Cdng giao mang dam ban sdc dan tdc da dugc luan chiing chat che, logic va cd tinh kha thi 4- Ve ket cau cua luan an va hinh thiire trinh bay - Luan an dugc ket cau vdi chuong, tiet la hgp ly Van phong chat che sang rd, nhieu phdn phan tfch hap ddn, khiic triet va cd tfnh khai quat cao Luan an khai thac rdt tdt cac tu lieu ljch sir Luan an trinh bay theo dung cac quy djnh hien hanh cua Bd Giao due va Dao tao - Tac gia cd 29 cdng trinh da cdng bd Cac cdng trinh deu it nhieu cd lien quan den luan an, phuc vu cho luan an, cd gia tri nhai dinh ve khoa hoc va chiing td nang lire nghien ciin khoa hoc cua tac gia - Tdm tdt luan an phan anh diing va phii hgp vdi ndi dung luan an 5- Han che cua luan an - Mac du ft song luan an vdn cdn Idi che ban d cac irang: 125 I 36 va 172 dai: Trang 69 cd khd gan ca trang Trang 70-71 co Khd 1,5 trang - Trong each trinh bay di sau nhieu ve cac ciir lieu ljch sir nen ddi chd cac va'n d^ cua xa hdi duong dai cdn md nhat - Trang 137 luan an cd doan viet: Dai hdi Dang loan qudc ldn thiir VI (1986) dua va'n d6 tdn giao len mdt tdm cao mdi Theo tdi, dd phai la mdc nam 1990 gdn vdi NQ 24-NQ/TW ciia Bd Chinh trj mdi chinh xac - Trong phdn muc dich va nhiem vu cua luan an chi de cap den nhiem vu(thu6c v^ ndi dung chuong ddu) Theo tdi, nen bd xung them nhiem vu thiif 3( thudc ndi dung chuong 3) se hgp ly hon - Cac giai phap neu d chuong cdn hep, neu dugc md rdng se logic hon vdri cac va'n de ciia chuong va KET LUAN • - Luan an da thuc hien cdng muc dfch, nhiem vu ma de tai dat vdi mdt cha't luong rdt tdt, dap iing yeu cdu cua mdt ludn an tien sy Triet hoc chuyen nganh CNDVBC &CNDVLS - Tac gia luan an cd kha nang nghien ciiu ddc lap va hoan toan cd du dieu kien de bao ve luan an trudc Hdi ddng Cham luan an Nha nudc de nhan hoc vj ti^n sy Triet hoc chuyen nganh CNDVBC «feCNDVLS Xac nhan chfir ky Cua PGS,TS' Hoang Minh Dd Ha Ndi, 5/6/2008 Ngudi nhan xet i, PGSJS Hoang Minh Dd ' / -5 B AN NHAN XET LUAN AN TIEN SI TRIET HOC CIJA NCS PHAM HUY THONG De tai: Anh hirong qua lai gi&a dao Cong giao va Mkn hoa Viet Nam Chuyen ng^nh: CNDVBC va CNDVLS Ma s6 62.22.80.05 Ngirdi nhan x6t: PGS.TS Nguyin Van Phuc Ca quan cong tac: Vien Triet hgc, Vien KHXH Viet Nam Trach nhiem Hdi ddng: Phdn bien Tinh cap thiet cua de tai luan an: Tdn giao la m6t bd phan ciia van hoa va la mdt ITnh vuc nhay cam lien quan den nhilu mat ciia ddi sdng xa hdi d nudc ta cung nhu nhi^u qud'c gia tren the' gidi Day cung la va'n de thdi su qudc te hien Tai Viet Nam, ton giao ndi chung va dao Cong giao ndi rieng cd anh hudmg sau dam den van hoa dan tgc tren nhieu phucmg dien ca tich cue va lieu cue Dfiy cung la ddi tugng thudng xuyen bi cac the' luc thii dich ldi keo, lgi dung nhdm chia re khdi dai doan ket loan dan t6c Do hoan canh lich sir, nen mgi Ihdi gian dai, chung la chua cd dieu kien de nghien ciiru loan dien, ihau dao, khach quan van de Hon nua, nhimg anh hudmgC ca lich cue cung nhu lieu cue ) ciia.dao Cdng giao ddi vdi van hoa Viel Nam vdn chua cd dugc mot su danh gia day du , ihdng nha'l Dieu dd ddn den nhirng ird ngai nha'l djnh cho cdng tac ldn giao, cho viec tang cudng khdi dai doan ket dan tgc, dac biel la dieu kien hgi nhap qudc le hien Nhu vay kien thuan lgi di NCS giai quye'l tdt cac nhiem vu da d6 nghien cihi d^ 4.2 Ve ndi dung ciia ludn dn X6t wi t6ng th^, ket qua nghien cihi dirge trinh bay luan an da chiing minh ring, NCS da hoan tdi nhiem vu nghien curu va cd nhimg ddng gdp mdi nhir luan an da chi Thut nhdt, thdng qua phdn trinh bay d chucmg 1., lie gia da khang dinh anh hirdng ciia dao Cong giao ddi vdi van hoa Viet Nam tren ca hai phucmg dien tich cue va tieu cue Mat tfch cue dugc trinh bay he thdng va tuemg ddi toan dien de' chihig minh rang, dao Cdng gido da de' lai " da'u a'n" kha sau dam tren van hoa Viet Nam \i nhi^u linh vuc nhu: ngdn ngir, le hdi, bao chi, van hgc nghe thuat, kie'n true, I6'i sdng lanh manh theo giao ly ciia dao va cung bac mdt nhip cdu giao luu giira van hoa Viet Nam va the' gidi Wi mat tieu cue, tac gia chi hai anh hudng dd la: Vdi nhiing quy dinh ciia giao ly va giao luat, ngudi Cdng giao gap nhimg khd khan nhat dinh the hien long yeu nudc va thuc thi phap luat (1.2.1) va niem tin tdn giao va su khdng che' ciia mOt sd the' luc chdng cdng da can trd ngudi Cdng giao hdi nhap vdi van hoa cdng ddng (1.2.2) Nhiing nhan dinh la cha'p nhan dugc ve mat hgc thuat va phii hgp vdi su thuc lich sir Thiir hai, chucmg 2, luan an trinh bay kha r5 net su lac dgng trd lai cua van hoa Viet Nam vdi dao Cong giao Day la chuomg cdng nhal cua luan an Tac gia da thuyet phuc ngudi dgc qua cac cur lieu, tu lieu cu the Cac tu lieu phong phu dugc lay lich s\s sudi gdn the ky cua dao Cdng giao cd mat d Viet Nam Ro rang, lir mgi ton giao xa la vdi van hoa dan ldc, tham chi chdng doi van hoa dan tgc, bay gid da trd ihanh mot ton giao gan gui vdi ngudi Viel va van hoa Viet tir nghi le, ldi sdng den kien true, hgi hoa , lir viec thay doi thai d6'i vdi cac ton giao khac den khang djnh muc tieu xay dung dudng ddng hanh vai dan tgc Day la su bien doi dieu ky ma nhan td cd vai trd quan trgng 'ao su bien doi dd chfnh la ban s k , ban ITnh van hoa Viet Nam Luan an la mdt cdng trinh nghien ciiu cdng phu, nghiem Hie, cd tam huye't va ^p ling ddy dii cac yeu cdu cOa mdt luan an tie'n sy triet hgc Ban tdm tat luan an phan anh trung ndi dung co ban ciia luan an Hd Ngi ngay: thdng ndm 2008 Ngudi nhan xet Xac nhan chO ky i cua PGS.TS Nguyen Vdn Phuc TWMT CHINH PGS.TS Nguyen Vdn Phiic %UJg^d^^t^ DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI Truing Dai hoc KHXH&NV CONG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM Doc lap ^Tudo^ nZ^pMc Hd Ndi, ngdy 01 thdng 07 ndm 2008 QUYET NGHI Cua Hgi dong cham luan an tien sT cap Nha nudc cho NCS Pham Huy Thdng vdi de tai: "ANH HirdNG QUA LAI GI0A DAO CONG GIAO VA VAN HOA VIET NAM" chuydn nganh: Triet hoc Ma sd: 62 22 80 05 Hgi dong cham luan an tie'n si cap Nha nudc gom 07 vien dugc lap theo quyet dinh sd 1115/QD - SDH 20 thang 03 nam 2008 cua Giam ddc Dai hgc Qudc gia Ha Ngi, da hgp 01 thang 07 nam 2008 tai Trudng Dai hgc Khoa hgc Xa hgi va Nhan van Sau nghe nghien cuu sinh Pham Huy Thdng trinh bay tdm tat luan an, nhan xet ciia cac phan bien, tong hgp nhan xet luan an cua cac vien khac Hgi dong, tong hgp y kien ddi vdi ban tdm tat luan an ciia cac nha khoa hgc ngoai Hgi ddng, va nghe nghien ciiu sinh tra ldi cac cau hdi Hgi long dat ra, Hgi dong quye'l nghj: De tai luan an cd y nghia ly luan va thuc tien bdi canh ca nha lUdc Viet Nam va Giao hgi Cdng giao dang nd luc xay dung khdi dai doan :et dan tgc, phu hgp vdi chuyen nganh Triet hgc, Ma sd 62 22 80 05, khdng riing lap vdi cac cdng trinh khoa hgc da cdng bd, cac luan an da bao ve Luan an cd ket cau ca ban hgp ly ,^ Luan an xac dinh dugc muc dfch va nhiem vu nghien cuu phii hgp vdi ten de tai Co sd ly luan va phuang phap nghidn cuu can ban hgp ly ^ Ddng gdp chinh cua luan an 4.1 Luan an da trinh bay va phan tfch mot each tong quat nhiJng ddng gdp tfch cue cua Cdng giao van hoa Viet Nam (bao gdm nhidu linh vuc nhu van de chu qudc ngu, van hgc, nghe thuat, bao chf, le hdi Cdng giao) cung nhu nhung khd khan cua ngudi cdng giao Viet Nam viec ddng hanh ciing vdi dan tgc trudc day va hien 4.2 Luan an da lam ro su tac ddng trd lai ciia van hoa Viet Nam ddi vdi van hoa Cdng giao, qua trinh "Viet hoa" Cdng giao, lam cho Cdng giao cang trd mot tdn giao gan giii vdi ngudi Viet Nam Luan an cung da neu dugc xu hudng phat trien ciia mdi quan he giira van hoa cdng giao vdi van hoa dan tgc d Viet Nam phii hgp vdi thuc tien xay dung dat nudc hien nay, ddng thdi de xuat mot sd kie'n nghj de cac ca quan churc nang ciia Dang, Nha nudc va Giao hgi lim tam giai quyet 4.3 Luan an dua tren nhieu ngudn tu lieu phong phii va khach quan Cac trfch ddn va sd lieu dugc sir dung luan an co ban dam bao tfnh chfnh xac, Han che - Mot sd van de dugc de cap luan an chua dugc luan giai sac net nen tfnh thuyet phuc chua cao - Cac giai phap, kien nghj cdn cu the han - Cdn nhirng l6i ky thuat Can chinh sira mot doi chd, xem lai ban tdm tdt cho thdng nhat Ket luan: Nhin chung luan an da dugc chudn bj cdng phu, cd chat lugng va ddng gdp khoa hgc dap irng cac yeu cdu ca ban cua luan an lien si triet hgc, chuyen nganh CNDVBC&CNDVLS, ma sd 62.22.80.85 Tac gia luan an cd tinh thdn lam viec nghiem tiic, cd nhieu thdi gian tfch luy tu lieu ve de tai va kha nang nghien cuu dgc lap Muc dfch va nhirng van de dat luan an ve ca ban da dugc giai quyet tdt Tac gia ciia luan an xiing dang dugc nhan hgc vj Tien si Triet hgc Kel qua ciia luan an: tat ca cac vien (06 vj cd mat) tan thanh, dd cd 4/6 phie'u xuat sdc Ban quye'l nghj da dugc 6/6 vien, tiic 100% vien cd mat ciia Hgi ddng thdng qua Thu ky Hgi dong Chu tich Hdi dong M PGS TS Nguyen Quang Hung GS TS Dd Quang Hung i SUMMARY Preface Author's name : Pham Huy Thong riieme 's tide: Inlcrrclalion between Catholic and Vietnamese ciiliure I'heme 'scienlifical major Philosophy Major: Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism CV;