CẢM ỨNG ĐIỆN TỪ

CẢM ỨNG ĐIỆN TỪ

      !" #$ %&!'( ) * +,-./012,2*034* 56,.3750)*+,- 8,39,30)*+,-.:0;<,-=8;>,-?56, @ABCA$C$DAA       !" #$ %&!'(  5:=5E,3FG,-;H,!3I-JKL,M,-N 3O*.3P0356,! I E, II= 3503Q A 32,"R,"S,3 ADDBTDTA 3O*.UFV,- $ JN,33:54* ADDTWXTA 38,3=5E, Y -JKL,:) AD$$XZZA 38,3=5E, B -JKL,3[038,3 ADD\DZBA 38,3=5E, \ 32,32,332 DW$TDBDA 38,3=5E, T -JKL,32,3UJ,- ADDZBWBA 38,3=5E, Z E"R,+0 ADATYX$A 38,3=5E, X 37*3]6 ADDYX$WA 38,3=5E, W 8,-"R,/,- ADD\Y$$A 38,3=5E, @ABCA$C$DAA 5:=5E,3FG,-;H,!3I-JKL,M,-N  U,-I^03Q,-.203[03_,250`,-a5].?56,.375@?b0a56.c750)* +,-,3Fd3,eB@,3f,-aO,-?56,,-85?Fg,-d3^@a]d?56,./@*:Ka5], :d@c2@a8,c8?56,@=9,O0OUh.,35iJ+,-;<,-=8-[,c5i,=G5?g5I^,-0, ,-Fg53F,-j.03Q,-.20O.3ka5].3].03Q,-37.?l,-U2I2=8;P2=8 356,.Fm,--9n3Q,-37.?l,-;P2=8356,.Fm,-0)*+,-?56,./56, .Fm,-0)*+,-?56,./c8356,.Fm,-oJh.356,;>,-?56,0)*+,-.U,- *703pj,p35*703pj,3b0*l.d3q,*703?56,?O03JKk,?l,-0[.0:0 ?Fg,-0)*+,-./3b00O./.UFg,-oJKE,rJ2d3q,*703?56,?Oa5],?s5 .3e.3g5-52,56,.Fm,-,8K?Fm0d3:.356,aV5,38a:03t0,35032ec u2U2;2KvAZWAAXTZw@=8I2J?O?Fm0+,-;<,-?k.7U20:0c75*:K*O0@ d3Fx,-.56,@=y.;<,-rJ2,.Ut,--85?zpk.UE,0>,+,-;<,-.7U2d2;@ c2d.d@*:K03<d39,3@.5=5@*:Kd3:.?56,@?l,-0x?56,@rJ7.?56,@0{20)* +,-@a*0)*+,-@0>5?56,@c>cJK6,p5*02.q,@d32,33z*?56,./@.8J037K a|,-?6*./@0Jl,;4K?O,-*V0:0=2,?56,./@al0),;}J.U,-0:0?~,-3~ ??70@0:0al0)*+,-??lUJ,-@?l03h,?l,-@0:0.35].-35,3y,./0P0 ,37K0O.3k;•,-.U,-K3t0?k03<d39,3aE,.U,-0x.3k,-Fg5@0:00Jl, ;4KUxce@€  3j,3=9cm5j03=8=25.U>.35]..3P0012356,.Fm,-0)*+,-./*8 ,3O*e*?z03t,,l5;J,-,8K?kc8*?i.85?k,-35E,0+J@.9*35kJ37. ?l,-=8+,-;<,-.U,-?g5I^,-i.85,8K;•?Fm0IFJ.yd=8,-35E,0+Jp• ,3F,-p3M,-.U:,3d3q,.35]JIO.*,-0:0.3qK0M-5:=80:0a7,I5,3=5E, ?O,--Od‚p5],?k?i.8538,.356,3x, B 5:=5E,3FG,-;H,!3I-JKL,M,-N    !"#$ 1.THÍ NGHIỆM FARADAY 35./.3M,-ƒ*-{5rJ2*l.*703pj,a5],?s5.3e.3g5-52,.39*703 ?OoJh.356,;>,-?56,Oc8356,.Fm,-0)*+,-?56,./ 2.CÁC KẾT LUẬN TỪ THỰC NGHIỆM FARADAY A„Pa5],?s5.3e.3g5-52,012./.3M,-ƒ-{5rJ2*l.*703pj,„c8,-JKE, ,34,I5,3U2;>,-?56,0)*+,-   $…>,-?56,0)*+,-03†.~,.75.U,-.3g5-52,./.3M,-a5],.35E, YFg,-?l;>,-?56,0)*+,-  .‡c6=G5.^0?la5],.35E,./.3M,- dФ dt  B35iJ012;>,-?56,0)*+,-  d3<.3Jl0=8IP.R,-32K-5)*012./.3M,- ƒ.3e.3g5-52,@.J4,.3e?},3cJy.e,ˆ 3.ĐỊNH LUẬT LENZ …>,-?56,0)*+,-0O035iJI203./.UFg,-*8,OI5,3U203^,-c75 IPa5],.35E,012./.3M,-I5,3U2,O /.3M,--{5rJ2*703;56,.j03„=8./.UFg,-! ƒ‰ ́ B  ́ S ‰„0IŠ 4.ĐỊNH LUẬT FARADAY VỀ XUẤT ĐIỆN ĐỘNG CẢM ỨNG „Jh.?56,?l,-0)*+,-?56,./!‹  ‰ dФ dt },3cJy.0)*+,-?56,./! \ 5:=5E,3FG,-;H,!3I-JKL,M,-N „Jh.?56,?l,-0)*+,-a|,-=6.U}I^=8.U:5;hJ=G5.^0?la5],.35E,012./ .3M,-rJ2*703 k ξ  0O.393b0c8*70303JKk,?l,-.U,-./.UFg,-p3M,-?s53b0c8 *703?+,-KE,.U,-./.UFg,-a5],.35E, 5.ĐOẠN DÂY DẪN TỊNH TIẾN CẮT ĐƯỜNG CẢM ỨNG CỦA TỪ TRƯỜNG ĐỀU „Jh.?56,?l,-0)*+,-! ξ  ‰c=I5,Š .U,-?OŠ‰v ́n, ́ B ¿  ]J325.32,3U2K0:03?56,.39*7033V56J?56,.3]-5f2325?qJ.32,3 a|,-!   ‰ ξ  ‰=cI5,Š ]J325.32,3U2K;H,?56,.39*703pj,.39.U}I^;>,-?56,0)*+,-!   ‰ ξ ∁ Rtm ‰ bvlsinα R+r 6.KHUNG DÂY QUAY TRONG TỪ TRƯỜNG ĐỀU ξ  ‰ dΦ dt ‰„ ω I5,v ω .Œ φ w 2K ξ  •  I5,v ω .Œ φ w U,-?O!•  ‰„ ω 7.CUỘN DÂY NẰM TRONG TỪ TRƯỜNG BIẾN THIÊN „Jh.?56,?l,-0)*+,-.U,-p3J,-! ξ  ‰ dΦ dt ‰  „ ω I5,v ω .Œ φ w T 5:=5E,3FG,-;H,!3I-JKL,M,-N U,-?O!•  ‰  „ ω % &'()&( 1.DÒNG ĐIỆN FUCO 3503p5*c7503JKk,?l,-.U,-./.UFg,-p3M,-?s53b0p5*c75 ,|*KE,.U,-./a5],.35E,.39,Oa},O,-cE, 2.HIỆN TƯỢNG HỖ CẢM 56,.Fm,-;>,-?56,V*703,8Ka5],.35E,c8*d3:.I5,3;>,-?56, 0)*+,-V*703p52=8rJ:.U9,3?O.:0?l,-rJ2c75?Fm0-t5c8356,.Fm,- 3Ž0)* 3.HIỆN TƯỢNG TỰ CẢM 35;>,-?56,rJ2*703pj,a5],.35E,@./.3,-;,O-{5rJ2*703 0`,-a5],.35E,@oJh.356,;>,-?56,0)*+,-p35?O-t5;>,-?560)*+,-c8 ;>,-?56,.P0)*@356,.Fm,-,8K-t5c8356,.Fm,-.P0)* 2„Jh.?56,?l,-.P0)* ξ .0‰ dΦ dt ‰ d(LI ) dt !36I^.P0)* a6I^.P0)* ‰ Φ I l.P0)*012*703?56,c8?75cFm,-?b0.UF,-03*+0rJ:,.j,3012*703 ?56,?O?^5=G5IPa5],?s5012;>,-?56,@0O.U}I^a|,-./.3M,-;03j,3 ;>,-?56,.U,-*703-{5rJ2?56,.j03012*703p350Fg,-?l;>,-?56* .U,-*7030O0Fg,-?la|,-*l.?x,=} ^5=G5;4K.3_,-;85@./.UFg,-?iJ.20O!‰ μμ  N l I Z 5:=5E,3FG,-;H,!3I-JKL,M,-N l.P0)*012^,-!‰ Φ I ‰ μμ  S N 2 l „!;56,.j03*l.=>,- c!035iJ;85^,- !I^=>,-;4K0J^,.UE,^,- μ !?l./.3•*012*M5.UFg,-.U,-^,-;4K 4.HIỆU ỨNG BỀ MẶT 56J+,-ai*b.c8356,.Fm,-p35;>,-?56,02.q,037K.3e;4K;H, .39;356,.Fm,-.P0)*@;>,-?56,3qJ,3Fp3M,-037K.U,-c•5@03†037K .3e*l.cGd*‘,-.UE,*b.;4K 5.NĂNG LƯỢNG TỪ TRƯỜNG 2R,-cFm,-./.UFg,-012;>,-?56,0Mcyd ’‰ L I O 2 2 aR,-cFm,-012./.UFg,-ah.pN R,-cFm,-./.UFg,-!’‰ μ o 1 2 ¿ ,w $ c„‰ 1 2 μ o  $ c„ y.?l,R,-cFm,-./.UFg,-!“‰ w lS ‰ 1 2 μ o  $ R,-cFm,-./.UFg,-.U,-*l..3k.j03 τ ! 1 2 μ 0 B 2 ∫ τ ❑ dτ X 5:=5E,3FG,-;H,!3I-JKL,M,-N "* *+, -./0.1234562780.72907:50;7<7:=>0;?@A …>,-?56,.3_,-@‰0,I.@;85@?~,-d3_,-=G5p3J,-;4K 39,303f,3y.”@0:007,32@a•p3J,-;4K.},3.5],U2 o2;>,-?56,=G5=y,.^0p3M,-?s5 ⃗ v =JM,--O0=G5;>,- ?56,‘5! a. 35iJ@?tcG,IJh.?56,?l,-0)*+,-• 0 .U,-p3J,-p3507,3”0:03 ;4K*l.?7,; b. 32K‰AD–2‰\0* 5)5! a. 3t,.U<0o.U•,-=G5035iJ ⃗ v  …>,-?56,-4KU20)*+,-./0:03,O*l.?7,o0O?lcG, μ oI 2πx @=JM,- -O0=G5p3J,-3FG,-=8.U,- /.UFg,-,8Kp3M,-?iJU2o2.39-5)* "9p3M,-?iJ,E,./.3M,-— * 0`,-p3M,-?iJ 35p3J,-.},3.5],@— * a5],.35E,@d3:.I5,3IJh.?56,?l,-0)*+,- •  ‰ ξ .0‰ dΦ dt 3t,=e0.d3:d.JK], ́n 012p3J,- ́ S ‰v2@aw ́n 3FG-=8.U,-@ .+0 ́ S ˜˜ ́ B  U,-p3J,-0:03*l.?7,o@chK;)53™d@;85a@Ul,-;o@;56,.j03;„‰a;o W 5:=5E,3FG,-;H,!3I-JKL,M,-N "9;oUh.3™d,E,05./.UFg,-.U,-;„c8?iJ@‰ μ oI 2πx  j,3./.3,--{5rJ2;„U~5.j03d34,rJ2a5],I^o./a?],v2Œaw „{;<,-?},3cJy.0)*+,-?56,./@U2p].rJ)!•0‰ μ oIb 2πx ln(x +a)  b. 32KI^•0‰ 4π. 10 −7 .10 .5.0,1.10 −2 2π ln 1 2 ‰T@WAD W "‰T@W," +B0;?2C0DE3F0;7:50;36D.1G0 75.4*0120Jl,;4K.U>,@d3_,-@a:,pj,3‰$D0*-~*  A ‰\D=>,-0Op3J,-;4K,3‘@;56,.j03„‰A0* $ -~* $ ‰ ADD=>,-j,3.U}0P0?75012IJh.?56,?l,-0)*+,- •0.U,-0Jl,;4K,3‘š•.$.UFg,-3md! a. 3‰AD‰0,I.037K.U,-0Jl,;4KcG,U~5rJ2Kp3J,-;4K,3‘=G5 =y,.^0-O0 ω ‰YDD=>,-CIrJ2,3.U<0c8*l.?Fg,-pj,30Jl,;4K cG, b. )$0Jl,;4K,|*KE,…>,-?56,037K.U,-=>,-;4KcG,c8;>,-o2K 035iJ@0Fg,-?l356J;<,-3;‰\@.q,I~›‰\Dˆ c. 34,a56.a),03h.IJh.?56,?l,-0)*+,-.U,-$.UFg,-3md.UE, 5)5! a. "9;56,.j03„012p3J,-rJ:,3‘3x,0Jl,cG,,E,05./.UFg,-012 0Jl,cG,V?Oc8?iJ@a|,-0)*./.75.4*0Jl,;4KcG,!‰ N 1 μ oI 2R  3J,-,3‘0O $ =>,-@?56,.j03356J;<,-!„ œ ‰ $ „ 75.‰D.203 ⃗ S ' ↑↑  ⃗ B .39d32a2,?qJ φ ‰D 75.ah.pN325=e0. ⃗ S ' , ⃗ B 3md,32J-O0 φ ‰ ωt  AD . 0a2§,.2K d 32 5šJ2¤ ¥ .35e¤£,?5e¤£,.UFx§ ,-@ .2 0;J,-cF£ 0 02 ,3504,a2¦ § ,- *2 £.?¤£ece0.U,¤ ¨ , ?5£,3 x§ 5 ;2 ª ,$T$@Y 2 Ka2K0¥I2¨5 02 ,3a2K, -2, -@ =2 £,.¤. ,$T$@Y 2 Ka2K0¥I2¨5 02 ,3a2K, -2, -@ =2 £,.¤ ¥ 0=‰0,I..UE,=J§,- .Ux§ 5š@,x50¥. 32 ,3d 32 § ,. 32 ¨ ,-?F¥ ,-0J 2 =e0. 02 *F¥ ,-.F§ c2§ B ┴