VOCABULARY humanitarian adj /hju:¸mæni ´tæriən/ nhân đạo appal v /ə´pɔ:l/ to shock sb very much appalled adj /ə´pɔ:ld/ choáng váng, kinh hoảng, thất kinh appeal v /ə'pi:l/ appeal n /ə'pi
Trang 1UNIT 14: INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
A VOCABULARY
humanitarian (adj) /hju:¸mæni
´tæriən/
nhân đạo
appal (v) /ə´pɔ:l/ to shock sb very much
appalled (adj) /ə´pɔ:ld/ choáng váng, kinh hoảng, thất
kinh
appeal (v) /ə'pi:l/
appeal (n) /ə'pi:l/
kêu gọi
sự kêu gọi, lời kêu gọi
catastrophe (n) /kə'tæstrəfi/ tai ương, tai biến, tai họa, thảm
họa
conference (n) /'kɔnfərəns/ hội nghị
constitution (n) /,kɔnsti'tju:ʃn/ hiến pháp
convention (n) /kən'venʃn/ hiệp định
crescent (n) /'kresnt/ hình lưỡi liềm
dedicated to sth (adj) /'dedikeitid/ tận tụy, cống hiến, tận tâm
dedicate (v) /'dedikeit/ hiến dâng, cống hiến, dành cho
dedication (n) /,dedi'keiʃn/ sự cống hiến, sự dâng hiến
delegate (n) /'deligit/ đại biểu, người đại diện
delegate (v) /'deligit/ ủy quyền, phó thác, giao phó
epidemic (n) /epi'demik/
epidemic (adj) /epi'demik/
bệnh dịchlan truyền như bệnh dịch
disaster-stricken (a) bị thiên tai tàn phá
catastrophe (n) /kəˈtæstrəfi/ thảm hoạ
soldier (n)/ˈsoʊldʒər/ người lính
headquarters (HQ) (n) /ˈhedkwɔːrtərz/ trụ sở
emergency (n) /i'mɜ:dʒənsi/ sự khẩn cấp
hesitation (n) /¸hezi´teiʃən/ sự do dự, sự chần chừ
hesitate (v) /¸´hezitei/ do sự, ngập ngừng, lưỡng lự
livelihood (n) /ˈlaɪvlihʊd/ cách kiếm sống
federation (n)/ˌfedəˈreɪʃn/ liên đoàn
convention (n) /kənˈvenʃn/ hiệp định
temporary (adj) /’tɛmpərɛri/ tạm thời, lâm thời
colleague (n)/ˈkɑːliːɡ/ bạn đồng nghiệp
neutral (adj) /ˈnuːtrəl/ = unbiased trung lập
= impartial (adj) /ɪmˈpɑːrʃl/
Trang 2neutral (n)
người trung lập, nước trung lập
potential (adj) + (n) /pə’tenʃl/ tiềm năng
advocate (v) /´ædvəkeit/
advocate (n) /´ædvəkeit/
ủng hộ, tán thànhngười ủng hộ, người tán thành
peacetime (n) /ˈpiːstaɪm/
wartime (n)
thời bìnhthời chiến
agency (n) /ˈeɪdʒənsi/
in place = in the correct position;
ready for sth
đúng vị trí, đúng chỗ, sẵn sàng
The Red Crescent Tổ chức lưỡi liềm đỏ (Hội chữ
thập đỏ của các nước Hồi giáo)
treatment (n) /'tri:tmənt/ sự đối đãi, sự đối xử
conserve (v) /kənˈsɜːrv/ giữ gìn, bảo tồn
consumption (n) /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ sự tiêu dùng
vulnerable (adj) /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ có thể bị tổn thương
smallpox (n) /ˈsmɔːlpɑːks/ bệnh đậu mùa
campaign (n) /kæmˈpeɪn/ chiến dịch
influenza (n) /ˌɪnfluˈenzə/ bệnh cúm
tuberculosis (n) /tuːˌbɜːrkjəˈloʊsɪs/ bệnh lao
widespread (a) /ˈwaɪdspred/ lan rộng, phổ biến
Diarrhea = diarrhoea (n) /ˌdaɪəˈriːə/ bệnh tiêu chảy
prevention (n) / prɪˈvenʃn/ sự ngăn ngừa
WTO (World Trade Organization) tổ chức thương mại thế giới
UN (United Nations) Tổ chức Liên Hiệp Quốc
UNICEF (United Nations International
Emergency Children ' s Fund)
Quỹ nhi đồng Liên Hiệp Quốc
WHO (World Health Organization ) Tổ chức y tế thế giới
WWF (World Wildlife Fund) Quỹ quốc tế bảo vệ động vật
hoang dã
B READING
I BEFORE YOU READ
Match each logo with the corresponding name
Trang 31 United Nations
2 United Nations Children’s Fund
3 Food and Agriculture Organization
4 World Health Organization
5 World Trade Organization
6 International Civil Aviation Organization
II WHILE YOU READ
The Red Cross is an international humanitarian agency In times of war, it
is dedicated to reducing the sufferings of wounded soldiers, civilians, andprisoners of war In time of peace, it gives medical aid and other help tovictims of major disasters such as floods, earthquakes, epidemics, andfamines
The initiative for founding the Red Cross came from a Swiss man calledJean Henri Dunant Appalled by the almost complete lack of care forwounded soldiers, he appealed to the leaders of nations to foundsocieties devoted to the aid of the wounded in wartime A conferencewas held in Geneva in 1864, and official delegates of 12 nations signedthe first Geneva Convention, laying down rules for the treatment andprotection of the wounded and the disaster-stricken It was also at thismeeting that the famous symbol of the organization, the white flagbearing a red cross, was adopted
Trang 4It was Henry Davison, president of the American Red Cross WarCommittee, who proposed forming a federation of these NationalSocieties An international medical conference initiated by Davisonresulted in the birth of the League of Red Cross Societies in 1991 InNovember 1991, it became the International Federation of Red Cross.The Federation’s mission is to improve the lives of vulnerable people whoare victims of natural disasters, poverty and health emergencies.
The International Red Cross has its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.Today, the total number of national Red Cross societies from all over theworld has mounted to 186 So help and support are able to be rapidlysent to wherever there are victims of catastrophe, for example, to helpthe victims of Asia tsunami in 2004 Red Cross and Red Crescent NationalSocieties in the countries hit by the tsunami reacted without hesitation tohelp those struggling to survive, despite the fact that many staff andvolunteers had lost families, friends, colleagues and livelihoods Forexample, the Indonesian Red Cross Headquarters in Banda Aceh waswashed away, but a temporary office was in place within hours and theinjured were being helped
Task 1: Choose the best words in the box to complete the
1 This woman has……… her whole life to helping others
2 Police have……… for witnesses to the accident
3 The company……… a management training programme for small business
4 She was……… to hear that her husband had been arrested
5 The crash……… in the deaths of to passengers
Task 2: Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F)
1 The Red Cross is aimed at providing medical aid and
other help to victims of natural disasters
………
Trang 52 The foundation of International Red Cross was inspired
by a Swiss man called Henry Dunant
3 The Geneva Convention was first signed in 1864
4 The symbol of the Red Cross has three colours
5 The International Red Cross has its headquarters in
III AFTER YOU READ
There are five permanent members and ten non-permanent members inthis organization The permanent members include: China, France, theRussian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States The tennon-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly and noteligible for immediate reelection Viet Nam was among the five countriesrecently elected to replace the five non-permanent members of theSecurity Council from January 2008
The organization is a technical agency of the United Nations It wasfounded in 1947 for the purpose of promoting the safe and orderlydevelopment of civil aviation throughout the world It sets internationalstandards and regulations necessary for the safety, efficiency andregularity of air transportation
This organization was established by the General Assembly of the UnitedNations in 1965 to promote “sustainable human development” indeveloping countries It strives to reduce poverty; increase literacy;create jobs; enhance technical cooperation between industrialized andnon-industrialized nations; preserve and protect the environment; andensure that women receive recognition, encouragement, and training The main goal of this organization is to eliminate hunger on the worldscale and its mandate is to “raise levels of nutrition, improve agriculturalproductivity, better the lives of the rural population, and contribute tothe growth of the world economy.” It originated from a conference inVirginia, U.S.A., in 1943, called by President Franklin D Roosevelt, withthe presence of 34 nations
Trang 6The organization was established in 1948 in order to reduce human disease, sponsor medical research, offer emergency aid during disasters, and improve nutrition, housing, sanitation and working conditions in developing countries The agency is best known for its vaccination programs and its successful battle against smallpox
This organization was established in 1994 and began operation in 1995
It promotes and puts into effect the provisions of trade laws and regulations The organization has the authority to manage and regulate new and existing free trade agreements, to supervise world trade practices, and to settle trade disputes among member states
* Find the word in the reading which means
1 existing all the time
2 qualified
3 help develop
4 set of rules
5 order to perform a
particular task
6 come into being
7 control (v)
……… ………
……… ………
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……… ………
* Read the function(s) or activity (activities) of each organization and guess its name Functions or Activities Name of Organization 1 One of its responsibilities is maintaining international peace and security ………
2 Some of its activities are to ensure air-to-ground communications search and rescue operations, and other measures for safe international flights ………
3 It has taken a leading role in helping countries create national development plans that integrate management, protection, and restoration of the environment ………
4 The organization provides a framework for international trade laws ………
5 Among its projects are the development of basic soil and water resources; the international exchange of new types of plants; the control of animal diseases and ………
Trang 7plant diseases.
6 It organizes and funds health-care
programs in nearly every country in the
world ………
B GRAMMAR ………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
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Trang 8………
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PRACTICE EXERCISES
I Complete each of the sentences with an aprropriate verb from the box.
appalled dedicated mount up washed away encouragedadopted inspired hesitated appealing initiated
1 He all his life to helping the poor and the lonely
2 Most people think that volunteer work should be more in our communities
3 The government has a program of economic reform since last year
4 They are now for funds to help the cities hit by the earthquake
5 She was to hear that her husband had been arrested
6 The famous symbol of the Red Cross, the white flag bearing a red cross, was
in 1964
7 Prices continue to , leading to inflation and reducing purchasing power
8 The foundation of International Red Cross was by a Swiss businessman,Henry Dunant
9 The whole village was by the floods in 1997
10 He for a moment, and then knocked on the door
II Fill in each blank with correct form of the word in brackets.
1 Even with pain killers, his eventually became overwhelming (suffer)
2 CARE is a leading organization fighting global poverty (human)
3 It takes a lot of hard work and to be successful (dedicate)
4 , I found city life incredibly difficult but now I'm used to it (initiate)
5 Doctors are to comment on the new treatment (hesitate)
6 Your table manners are don't you know how to use a knife and fork? (appal)
7 He that the UN should set up an emergency centre for the environment
(proposal)
8 The organisation’s is to create a world where people live in harmony with
nature (object)
9 15 observers and civilian police went to help a ceasefire (force)
10 Scientists worry that climate change will have a effect on the planet
1 The football match had to be cancelled because of the weather
2 The story Kate told wasn’t true She invented it
3 A bomb exploded near the station, but no one was injured
Trang 94 How long are you going to continue working?
5 George finally arrived nearly an hour late
6 How could you refuse such a fantastic job?
7 A number of buildings are going to be demolished to make way for the new road
8 We’ll have to postpone the meeting until next month
9 Sue recovered her cold and returned to work
10 All term papers must be submitted by Tuesday
11 For the sake of your health, you ought to stop alcohol
12 Teachers should encourage kids to discover things for themselves
13 I’m afraid the machine has stopped working
14 We extinguished the campfire before we left
15 We need to fully discuss the situation
IV Complete the sentences Use one word each time.
1 I had the flu, but I over it a couple of days ago
2 It was only a small fire and I managed to it out with a bucket of water
3 The doctors there are very good, and I’m sure you’ll be well after
4 I was talking to the woman sitting next to me on the plane, and it
out that she works for the same company as my brother
5 ‘Do you know what happened?’ ‘Not yet, but I’m going to out.’
6 There’s no need to get angry down!
7 If you’re going on a long walk, plan your route carefully before you off
8 You’ve written my name wrong It’s Martin, not Marin – you out the T
9 Come and see us more often You must in any time you like
10 My alarm clock off in the middle of the night and me up
V In the following sentences add a particle to complete the phrasal verb and an
appropriate object pronoun (it, me, them, etc ) in the correct place - either before or
after the particle.
1 OK, you read out the phone numbers and I’ll jot
2 That cheese in the fridge had gone off so I threw
3 He doesn’t look like his father much but he takes in the way
Trang 107 You don’t have to give me an answer right now Think for afew days before you decide.
8 The form was so complicated that she had to ask her accountant to fill
11 You can borrow this book, but you must promise to look
12 Don’t make up your mind at once; talk with your lawyer first
VI Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it
1 Compared with their counterparts 20 years ago, the highly educated now receive vastly higher salaries
The highly educated now
4 The workers do not intend to call off their strike
The workers have
Trang 11No sooner
_
7 The cost of living has gone up considerably in the last few years
There has been a
Question 1: “Can I use your computer?” – “ _.”
A Well done B No, thanks C Of course D Yes, Ican
Question 2: “I’m sorry I’m late.” – “ .”
A Never mind Go ahead B No worries Come in,please
C Good to hear that D Don’t say so again
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each
of the following questions
Question 3: I knew he was only flattering me because he wanted to
borrow some money
A teasing B threatening C praising D.elevating
Question 4: The kidnapper gave himself up to the authorities.
Trang 12A confided himself B surrendered
C accommodated himself D went up
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 5: My first impression of her was her impassive face.
A respectful B emotional C solid D
I Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
1 a civilian b official c temporary d tsunami
2 a colleague b appall c devote d victim
3 a initiate b medical c rapidly d possible
4 a volunteer b wherever c example d disaster
5 a injured b famine c earthquake d result
II Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished
sentence, substitutes the underlined part, or has a close
meaning to the original one.
6 According to the Red Cross 1998 had been _ worst year for
natural disasters in modern times
Trang 13a a b an c the d Ø
9 The International Red Cross helps people in need without any
discrimination based on _, race, religion, class or political
opinions
a national b nationally c nationality d native
10 The International Committee of the Red Cross is a private _ institution founded in 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland
a human b humanity c humanization d humanitarian
11 In former days, after the battles soldiers on both sides died or were left wounded on the field without any _ attendance and basic care
a medicine b medical c medication d medically
12 The International Red Cross has about 97 million volunteers whose main _ is to protect human life and health
a mission b experience c organization d rule
13 The International Red Cross helps to ensure respect for the human being, and to prevent and relieve human _
a protection b enjoyment c wealthy d sufferings
14 The International Committee Red Cross has about 12,000 staff members worldwide, about 800 of them working in its Geneva _
a factories b companies c headquarters d buildings
15 The Red Cross on white background was the original protection _ declared at the 1864 Geneva Convention
a poster b billboard c symbol d signal
16 The Red Cross is an international organization that helps people who are suffering from the results of war, diseases or _
a victims b disasters c opportunities d conditions
17 An international medical conference initiated by Davison resulted inthe birth of the League of Red Cross Societies in 1991
a started b helped c treated d dedicated
Trang 1418 In times of war, the Red Cross is dedicated to reducing the
sufferings of wounded soldiers, civilians, and prisoners of war
a mounted b excited c devoted d interested
19 _ is a situation in which large numbers of people have little or
no food, and many of them die
a Disaster b Famine c Poverty d Flood
20 Go _ this book because it has the information you need
21 Helen has gone out and she will not be _ till midnight
a off b along c back d away
22 Everything is _ you I cannot make _ my mind yet
a out off / on b up to / up c away from / for d on for /off
23 There is no food left Someone must have eaten it _
24 The explorers made a fire to _ off wild animals
25 If something urgent has _ up, phone me immediately and I will help you
a picked b come c kept d brought
26 The passengers had to wait because the plane off one hour late
27 Be careful ! The tree is going to fall
a Look out b Look up c Look on d Look after
28 The organization was established in 1950 in the USA
a come around b set up c made out d put on
29 Within their home country, National Red Cross and Red Crescent societies assume the duties and responsibilities of a national relief society
a take on b get off c go about d put in
30 The bomb exploded in the garage; fortunately no one hurt
Trang 15a put on b went off c got out d kept up
III Error Identification
31 UNICEF uses the term 'child protection' to refer for preventing
or in very poor family
33 Violations of the child's right to protection take place in every
35 Among many other program, UNICEF also supports the
international Child Rights
A B C D
Information Network
IV Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
On Monday, May 12, 2008 a violent earthquake, measuring 8.0 on theRichter scale, happened in southwestern China's Sichuan Province