Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
In this chapter, the following problems will be discussed: How is an MIS department managed? Is the MIS department doing a good job? What roles and tasks does the MIS department perform? What MIS jobs are available, and how much will it cost to hire IT employees? Do you really need to run all of the MIS operations yourself?,...
Introduction to MIS Chapter 13 Organizing the MIS Resources Copyright © 1998-2002 by Jerry Post Introduction to MIS Organizing IS Resources Strategy Tactics Operations Introduction to MIS Outline Managing Information Systems Functions MIS Roles MIS Jobs International Comparisons Outsourcing MIS Organization: Centralization Intranets and Thin Clients Cases: Financial Services Appendix: Project Management Introduction to MIS Hardware administration Software support Corporate data access Software development End user support Computing standards DB administration Advocacy MIS Roles Advocacy Database administration Access to corporate data Software development Hardware administration Software training and support Introduction to MIS Corporate computing standards Support end user development Some MIS Roles Hardware Repair Network and Telecommunications Training and User Support Introduction to MIS IS Management CIO/VP IS Director IS Operations Networks Systems Development Operations Computer manager Supervisor Lead operator Operator Technical specialist $49,545 39,525 30,304 25,383 36,801 Networks Telecom. manager $60,278 Telecom. specialist 46,974 Network administrator 42,880 LAN manager 46,802 $91,568 Salaries 1995 72,982 70,050 72,982 Systems Development Project manager $58,386 Sr. systems analyst 51,910 Systems analyst 45,416 Sr. systems program 51,731 Systems programmer 41,887 Sr. programmer/analyst 45,981 Programmer/analyst 37,203 Database manager 55,669 Database analyst 47,774 Data security admin 47,484 User Support Support manager $49,825 Help desk manager 41,756 Help desk operator 29,486 PC technical specialist 33,045 Business analyst 37,205 Computerworld 1995 Salary Survey Introduction to MIS IS Management CIO/VP IS Director MIS Systems Development Systems Development Sr. Project manager Project manager Systems analyst Programmer/analyst Programmer $72,000 61,500 52,000 44,500 36,000 User Support Support manager $55,000 Help desk manager 47,500 Instructor 42,000 PC technical specialist 36,000 Introduction to MIS $126,000 94,000 79,500 Salaries 1997-1998 Includes bonus Networks Database Telecom. manager $71,000 Telecom. specialist 56,500 Network architect 69,000 LAN/WAN specialist 54,500 Network administrator 45,500 Database manager $74,000 Database administrator 61,000 Database analyst 55,000 Operations Specialists Senior manager Manager Lead operator $61,000 50,500 35,000 ERP analyst $80,000+ CASE tools 61,000 Systems programmer 54,000 Lotus Notes developer 52,500 Q/A specialist 49,000 Webmaster 47,000 http://careers.wsj.com (Robert Half 1997) Computerworld 9/7/1998 http://www.computerworld.com IS Management CIO/VP IS Director MIS Systems Development Systems Development Sr. Project manager Project manager Systems analyst Programmer/analyst Programmer $76,000 61,500 52,000 44,500 36,000 User Support Support manager $54,000 Help desk manager 49,000 Instructor 42,000 PC technical specialist 37,500 Introduction to MIS $140,000 94,000 98,000 Salaries 1998-1999 Includes bonus Networks Database Telecom. manager $71,000 Telecom. specialist 57,500 Network architect 69,000 LAN/WAN specialist 57,000 Network administrator 53,000 Database manager $74,000 Database administrator 61,000 Database analyst 55,000 Operations Specialists Senior manager Manager Lead operator $66,000 50,500 39,000 ERP analyst $80,000+ CASE tools 61,000 Systems programmer 54,000 Lotus Notes developer 52,500 Q/A specialist 49,000 Webmaster 53,000 http://careers.wsj.com (Robert Half 1997) Computerworld 9/7/1998 http://www.computerworld.com Salaries 2001 IS Management CIO/VP IS/CTO $165,000 Database Systems Development Networks Director $123,000 Manager 88,000 Project manager 85,000 System analyst 79,000 Senior developer 74,000 Programmer/analyst 55,000 Junior programmer 45,000 Director $106,000 Manager 83,000 Administrator 60,000 Network analyst 40,000 Junior analyst 34,000 $94,000 89,000 67,000 Manager Help desk operator PC technical support Security Manager $94,000 Webmaster 72,000 Application developer 70,000 EC specialist 74,000 EDI specialist 66,000 Manager $86,000 Administrator 72,000 Specialist 64,000 IS audit manager 81,000 IS audit staff 53,000 Introduction to MIS Manager Administrator Database analyst User Support Internet Includes bonus $69,000 40,000 43,000 Operations Director Manager Lead operator Computer operator http://careers.wsj.com http://www.computerworld.com $106,000 74,000 42,000 35,000 International Salaries The Economist: 7/30/94 Introduction to MIS 10 Intranet Network Solutions High-bandwidth connections between servers Standard Internet connections to users Introduction to MIS 31 Simple Object Application Protocol Your Company Server The Internet Year Your Financial Application Revenue 2000 € 34,231 2001 € 39,983 2002 € 36,421 Cost € 27,333 € 32,132 € 31,456 Bank Server Bank Service SOAP Sales and Costs €50,000 Currency converter: Date, InCurrency, Outcurrency €40,000 €30,000 Revenue €20,000 Cost €10,000 Manager or Client €2000 2001 2002 Introduction to MIS 32 Intermediate (Client-Server) Shared Data & Software •Transaction processing •Corporate standards •Network management •Shared databases Server Hardware MIS support Central MIS staff: Operations, network and systems programmers Human Resource Management MIS support Finance Marketing Accounting Introduction to MIS 33 Client-Server Benefits Immediate to years Users Better access to data Near-Term to years System Integration Tighter integration across the company Increased participation Faster IT responses Long Term to 10 years IT Efficiency Resource utilization Improved productivity Adaptive systems Introduction to MIS Business process reengineering New technology 34 Decentralization Summary Organizational Strengths Weaknesses Are operations interdependent? -planning -development -physical resources -operations End users gain control Possible short term bias in decision making Supports workgroups Enables new organizational structures Can subunits relate solely through information & messages? Increased organizational flexibility Might not be optimal use of resources for corporation IS staff might lose cohesiveness and support Does corporate culture support decentralization? Introduction to MIS 35 Cases: Financial Services Introduction to MIS 36 Cases: Fidelity Investments Charles Schwab & Co www.fidelity.com www.schwab.com What is the company’s current status? What is the Internet strategy? How does the company use information technology? What are the prospects for the industry? Introduction to MIS 37 Projects Goal Break project into tasks Tasks depend on other tasks (you can’t paint a wall until it is built) Tasks take time to complete (duration) Tasks require resources Resources Size and complexity of the project Match the management techniques to the project scope Schedule Need a well-defined goal Good example: Put a man on the moon Bad example: Improve the IRS information systems Scope Appendix: Project Management Worker time is usually the most important to schedule Workrooms, machinery, and so on Introduction to MIS 38 Project Management Steps Define the project Create the plan Track and manage the project as it proceeds Close the project when the goal is achieved or the project is cancelled Introduction to MIS 39 Microsoft Project Specialized database Specialized views of the data Gantt Chart PERT Chart Calendar Task Usage Tracking Gantt Task Sheet Highlight task duration Highlight task dependence Show scheduled tasks Show assigned resources Compare estimates to actual Detailed task data Resource views Tasks (start, duration, description, dependence) Resources (costs, needs, assignments) Resource Graph Resource Sheet Resource Usage Introduction to MIS Track resources over time Detailed resource data Tasks assigned to resources 40 Sample: Spring Forward Century Sunday, April 2, 2000 25 miles 50 miles 100 miles Planning the ride Choose starting point Legal paperwork Establish routes Create databases Create promotional materials Create commemorative shirts Register riders Organize volunteer groups Advertise ride Plan rest stops Plan registration Ride day is a separate project SpringForwardCentury.mpp After the ride Final clean up Thank you notes Write project notes Organize Spring Forward Century.mpp Introduction to MIS 41 Organize Spring Forward Century.mpp Microsoft Project: Gantt Chart Introduction to MIS 42 Gantt Chart (continued) Introduction to MIS 43 T F S Mar 30, '03 S M T W T F S Apr 6, '03 S Resource Usage M 1, 600% 1, 400% You need to get some tasks done sooner, or get more volunteers on the day before the ride 1, 200% 1, 000% 800% 600% You need to start earlier, or get volunteers to more of the organizing tasks 400% 200% Peak Units: 100% Self 100% 300% Overallocated: 100% 100% 100% 300% 1, 500% Allocated: Feb 23, '03 2/23 Mar 2, '03 3/2 Mar 9, '03 3/9 1,100% 1,100% Mar 16, '03 3/16 Mar 23, '03 3/23 Mar 30, '03 3/30 Apr 6, '03 4/6 Apr 13, '03 4/13 1,600% 1,400% 1,200% 1,000% 800% 600% 400% 200% Peak Units: 200% Self Introduction to MIS Overallocated: 500% 200% 1,500% Allocated: 44 SpringForwardCentury.mpp Ride Day ID Task Name Set up registration Set up tents Set up tables 0.25 hrs Unload shirts 0.25 hrs Review registration procedures0.25 hrs 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 9:00 Self Registration[400%] hrs Rest stop 1: 25-mid hrs Food stop service[200%] Rest stop 2: 50/100-20 mile hrs Food stop service[200%] Rest stop 3: 50/100-35 mile hrs Food stop service[200%] 10 Rest stop 4: 100-50 mile 2.5 hrs Food stop service[200%] 11 Rest stop 5: 100-65 mile 2.5 hrs 12 Rest stop 6: 100-75 mile 2.5 hrs 13 Rest stop 7: 100-88 mile 2.5 hrs 14 SAG Route 1-1: 25 miles hr 15 SAG Route 1-2: 25 miles hr 16 SAG Route 1-3: 25 miles hr 17 SAG Route 1-4: 25 miles hr 18 SAG Route 1-5: 25 miles hr 19 SAG Route 2-1: 50 miles hrs 20 SAG Route 2-2: 50 miles hrs 21 SAG Route 2-3: 50 miles hrs 22 SAG Route 3-A1 : 100 miles hrs 23 SAG Route 3-A2: 100 miles hrs 24 SAG Route 3-B1 : 100 miles hrs 25 SAG Route 3-B2 : 100 miles 26 Prepare for rider return Food stop service[200%] Food stop service[200%] Food stop service[200%] Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers hrs hrs Enter applications in database3 hrs 28 Enter 15 mile riders hr 29 Enter 25 mile riders hr 30 Enter 100 mile riders hr 32 4:00 PM Registration Regis ter riders 31 3:00 PM Registration 27 Duration 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 9:00 AM hr Drivers,Mechanics,Food stop service 0.25 hrs Sort shirts Count money 33 Press conference to donate money 34 Clean up Self Self Self Registration 0.25 hrs Self 0.5 hrs Self hr 3.5 hrs Registration 35 Pack paperwork, shirts, and material 0.5 hrs 36 Take down tables 37 Take down tents hr Drivers,Food stop service,Registratio 38 Clean area hr Miscellaneous,Registratio 39 Deposit money Introduction to MIS Registration 0.5 hrs Self 0.5 hrs 45 ... Help desk operator 29,486 PC technical specialist 33,045 Business analyst 37,205 Computerworld 1995 Salary Survey Introduction to MIS IS Management CIO/VP IS Director MIS Systems Development... (staff/operations) Desire to minimize amount of management time devoted to non-revenue generating functions Cost cutting, staff cuts, loss of middle management Economies of Scope Want one vendor... Hardware Repair Network and Telecommunications Training and User Support Introduction to MIS IS Management CIO/VP IS Director IS Operations Networks Systems Development Operations Computer manager