Lecture Management information systems: Solving business problems with information technology – Chapter 6

In this chapter, students will be able to understand: How do you process the data from transactions and integrate the operations of the organization? How do you efficiently collect transaction data? What are the major elements and risks of a transaction?,...

Introduction to MIS Chapter Database Management Systems Copyright © 1998-2002 by Jerry Post Introduction to MIS Database Management Systems Reports and ad hoc queries Database DBMS Programs Sales and transaction data   Introduction to MIS   Outline           Relational Databases Queries Designing a Database Database Applications Database Administration Database and e-Business Cases: Airlines Appendix: Building Forms in Access Introduction to MIS   DBMS & People Database Administrator (Standards, Design, and Control) Programmer Analyst Data Programs & Revisions Database Management System Program Business Needs Ad Hoc Queries Managers and Reports Program Data Collection and Transaction Processing Business Operations   Introduction to MIS   Relational Databases  Tables     Rows Columns Primary keys Data types     Text Dates & times Numbers Objects Customer Table Phone 312-555-1234 502-555-8876 602-555-9987 612-555-4325 Name Jones Smith Juarez Olsen Introduction to MIS   City Chicago Glasgow Phoenix Minneapolis Orders Table Customer 502-555-8876 602-555-9987 612-555-4325 502-555-8876   Address 123 Main 456 Oak 887 Ribera 465 Thor Date 3/3/04 4/4/04 4/9/04 5/7/04 Salesperson 2223 8876 8876 3345 Total_sale 157.92 295.53 132.94 183.67 Programming Approach  Problems with Programming      Data and programs Undocumented files Files & many programs Multiuser Changes file Invoice Program customers Billing Program file A file B   Introduction to MIS    Focus on data            Accuracy Time Concurrency Security Ad hoc queries Speed of development   Change programs without altering data Data integrity   Database Advantages Data independence   Stable data Programs change Report writers Input forms Data manipulation All Data Files Database Management System Invoice Program Billing Program Flexibility & Queries Introduction to MIS   Database Queries    Single Table Computations Joining Tables Four questions to create a query 1) 2) 3) 4)   Introduction to MIS   What output you want to see? What tables are involved? What you already know? (constraints) How are the tables joined? File: C05E15a.mdb Single Table Query Introduction Sample Data CID 28764 87535 44453 29587 Name Adamz James Kolke Smitz Phone 602-999-2539 305-777-2235 303-888-8876 206-676-7763 City Phoenix Miami Denver Seattle AccountBalance 197.54 255.93 863.39 353.76 Query: Which customers have balances greater than $200? Access Query Screen (QBE)   Introduction to MIS   “AND” Conditions and Sorting Sample Data CID 28764 87535 44453 29587 Name Adamz James Kolke Smitz Phone 602-999-2539 305-777-2235 303-888-8876 206-676-7763 City Phoenix Miami Denver Seattle AccountBalance 197.54 255.93 863.39 353.76 Query: Which Denver customers have balances greater than $200? Access Query Screen (QBE)   Introduction to MIS   10 Database Administration  Database Administrator        Testing Backup Recovery Standards Access Controls Introduction to MIS   36 Database versus Spreadsheet Tables Customers(C#, Name,Address) Products(P#, Description, Price) Sales(O#, P#, Sdate, Quantity, C#) Retrieve the three tables (if they fit) Part 1    Sales C#  P#  Q  11 22 11 35 31 18 Part 2    Products P#  Description 18 shorts 22 shirt 35 laces   Introduction to MIS Price  15.95 5.75 25.95 Price*Q  15.95 11.50 25.95 SubTotal 15.95 27.45 53.40 1) Select by date 2) Sort By O#, P# 3) Look up prices Prices 25.95 15.95 4.75   4) Put into Part 1 5) Calculate total 6) Sort for highest total Part 3    Customers C#  Name 11 Smith 31 Torrez 7) Look up names 37 DBMS versus Spreadsheet DBMS SELECT Sum(Price*Quantity), C#,Name FROM Customers INNER JOIN (Sales INNER JOIN Products    ON Sales.P# = Products.P#)        ON Customers.C# = Sales.C# WHERE Sdate > Now() ­ 30 GROUP BY C# ORDER BY Sum(Price*Quantity) DESC;   Introduction to MIS   Storage v calculation Multiple tables 38 Objects    Hypertext & Massive text Pictures & Graphs Objects      Video Sound User defined Introduction to MIS   39 Sample OO Database Patient Data ID Name Address DoB Medical History Patient Visits ID Date photo Patient X­Rays/Images ID Physician Problems Comments Date Technician Comments Patient Treatments ID   Date   Procedure  Doctor   Introduction to MIS   40 E-Business Databases      E-business is transaction-based Databases support multiple users and protect transactions Modern websites are driven by databases Introduction to MIS   41 E-Business Databases Order Form Descriptions Prices g Pa est u eq er Web Server Web program script Text   Introduction to MIS   Q an uer d ies da ta Customer Internet We bp age 42 Cases: Airlines   Introduction to MIS   43 Cases: American Airlines Southwest Airlines www.americanair.com www.iflyswa.com What is the company’s current status? What is the Internet strategy? How does the company use information technology? What are the prospects for the industry?   Introduction to MIS   44 Appendix: Building Forms in Access Begin with the form wizard Select everything from the Sale table   Introduction to MIS   45 Selecting Columns Select additional data from the other tables But be careful with key columns For example, not include the CustomerID from the Customer table or the ItemID from the Item table Instead, use CustomerID from the Sale table and ItemID from the SaleItem table   Introduction to MIS   46 Form Wizard: First Pass The wizard builds the Sale form with a sub form to enter multiple Items being sold But it needs some work with layout   Introduction to MIS   47 Form Design View Lookup values Customer table CustomerID, LastName, FirstName, Phone Store value in: CustomerID In design view, you can move the labels and boxes to make the form easier to read Then, delete the original CustomerID box and use the wizard to add a Combo box to let users select a customer from a list   Introduction to MIS   48 Form Design: Sub Form and SubTotal Edit the subform and add a Combo box for ItemID Delete the Description box Add an ItemValue text box to multiply Quantity * List Price Add a text box to compute the subtotal [=Sum([Quantity]*[ListPrice])] Be sure to set the correct names and formats in the property window   Introduction to MIS   49 Sale Form The final sale form adds a text box that copies the subtotal from the sub form to the main form Just add a text box and set its value to =[SaleItem Subform].[Form].[SubTotal] and set its name and format properties   Introduction to MIS   50 ... 61 5-888-4474 61 5-888-4474 61 5-888-4474 61 5-452-1 162 61 5-452-1 162 61 5-452-1 162 502-777-7575 502-777-7575 502-777-7575 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 95 Easy Street 67 S Ray Drive 67 S Ray Drive 67 ... Primary key is underlined CustomerID 10   Phone 502 -66 6-7777 502-888 -64 64 502-777-7575 502-333-9494 502-474-47 46 615-373-47 46 615-888-4474 61 5-452-1 162 502-222-4351 502-444-2512 Introduction to MIS... RentDate 4/18/04  4/30/04  4/18/04 4/18/04 Phone 502 66 6­7777 502­888 64 64 502­777­7575 502­333­9494 502­474­47 46 615­373­47 46 615­888­4474 61 5­452­1 162 502­222­4351 502­444­2512 Introduction to MIS