Lecture Management information systems: Solving business problems with information technology – Chapter 3

After studying this chapter you will be able to understand: What is the value of a single computer? Why are computer networks so important in today’s businesses? What components do you need to install to create a network? How can multiple users share a single network?,...

Introduction to MIS Chapter Networks and Telecommunications Copyright © 1998-2002 by Jerry Post Introduction to MIS Internal Networks Teamwork Communication Scheduling Sharing Internet External Suppliers Customers Banks   Introduction to MIS   Outline  Introduction         Computers Media Connection Devices Software  Shared Media Switched Introduction to MIS   Standards The Internet          How the Internet Works Internet Mobile Commerce Global Telecommunications  Network Structure    Sharing Data Sharing Hardware Sharing Software Components of a Network    Technical Problems Political Complications Cultural Issues Comment Cases: Specialty Retail Appendix: Creating Web Pages Sharing Data: Transactions Internet Database Management System and Web Server   Introduction to MIS   Sharing Data: Decisions & Searches   Decisions & searches Teamwork & joint authorship Team Document File Server and Database Data and Tools Report and Comments   Introduction to MIS   Sharing Data: E-mail Internet Message transferred to account on server Transferred via the Internet to the destination account User creates e-mail message   Introduction to MIS   Message received when user checks email Sharing Data: Calendars   Introduction to MIS   8:00 Mgt meeting 8:30 (open) 9:00 Staff meeting 9:30 Staff meeting 10:00 new meeting Hardware Sharing Printers Storage Processors    tape drive (backup) Corporate or external computer access Workstations Shared Printer      Server Files are transferred from workstations to the server Software automatically copies files to tapes LAN administrator can restore files if needed Introduction to MIS   Packet-Switched Networks  Data, Voice, Video      All converted to packets Packet has data, destination, and source address Switched services Sent as packets: Voice Packets routed as needed B Reassembled at destination Chicago 12345 New York C A E Atlanta Dallas Computer   Introduction to MIS   D Sent as packets: A B C D E     Servers Work stations Media      Network Components Computers Personal Computer Cables Fiber optic Radio Infrared Personal Computer LAN card LAN card Connection devices Internet LAN card Router or Switch Firewall   Introduction to MIS LAN card Server   Shared Printer 10 TCP/IP Reference  Application    Transport      Route packets to destination Requires unique host addresses: IPv4=32-bit; IPv6=128-bit Requires standards and cooperation Subnet     Packetize data and handle lost packets Establish connections through numbered ports Internet Protocol (IP)   Mail, Web, FTP Authentication, compression, user services Physical connections Transfers bits with some form of error correction Introduction to MIS   28 ISO-OSI Reference Model Layer Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link A R C Layer Physical A R C Application Original Data Presentation Translate Sign on and resources Session Transport Data Packet R Add routing data Network Addresses & Error Check A Data Link R C Physical Physical Media   Introduction to MIS   29 Introduction to the Internet   No control Services      WEB searching        Mail Telnet FTP WWW The Internet AltaVista HotBot Lycos WebCrawler Yahoo Introduction to MIS   30 How the Internet Works Network service provider (NSP) T1: 1.544 Mbps T3: 44.736 Mbps OC3: 155.52 Mbps OC12: 622 Mbps Backbone network Internet service provider (ISP) Phone company Introduction to MIS Phone company Dial-up: 33.3 - 56 Kbps ISDN: 128 Kbps DSL: 256 Kbps - Mbps Cable: to 10 Mbps Individual   Cable company   Company Web site 31  Backbone providers       AT&T GTE Worldcom/MCI Sprint Qwest Network service providers          1998: 39 AGIS AT&T Cable & Wireless IBM MCI/Worldcom Qwest Sprint UUNet Internet Connections  Phone companies    Cable companies      Introduction to MIS   Direct Satellite Starband Internet service providers      AT&T Cablevision Regional Satellite   Regional Bell operating companies (RBOCs) (6) Competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs) (new) America Online Microsoft Network Earthlink 32 M-Commerce Internet access everywhere Cell phones PDAs Laptops Great potential Limited usability Better than voice?   Introduction to MIS   33 Cell Phones and Wireless Communication Wireless cells work by handing off the wireless connection to the next tower as the caller moves Connections to multiple towers at one time enables the system to triangulate to get a fairly precise location of the cellular device even when it is not in a call Location knowledge will make it possible (although perhaps not desirable) to offer new business opportunities as people move into range   Introduction to MIS   34 Global Telecommunications  Technical problems       Political complications      Transborder data flows Taxes Privacy Accessibility Cultural issues     Multiple standards Language Developing nations Time zones Limits to space & waves What is an object? Management & control Introduction to MIS   35 Cases: Specialty Retail   Introduction to MIS   36 Cases: Ben & Jerry’s   Introduction to MIS   37 Appendix: Creating Web Pages    Determine the content Define a style Create each page        Text Graphics Link the pages Test your work Transfer pages to a Web site Introduction to MIS   38 Appendix: Style Sheets BODY { margin-left: 5px; font: 10pt "Times New Roman", Times, serif; color: black; Style Sheet text-align: left; background-color: #e0ffff; Body { … } } P {…} P { margin-left: 0px; font: 10pt "Times New Roman", Times, serif; color: black; background: transparent; } H1 { margin-left: 0px; font: 16pt "Times New Roman", Times, color: black; font-weight: bold; background: transparent; }   Introduction to MIS   Page Page serif; Page1 39 Appendix: Sample HTML Sample HTML Page Section One

This is a sample paragraph on a sample page.

  Introduction to MIS   40 Appendix: Publishing Files Accessible Web pages Initial pages Internet or intranet Web server Transfer methods: Microsoft Front Page extensions Your computer   Introduction to MIS   FTP: file transfer protocol 41 Web Development Hints    Start with a tool like Microsoft Word (or Front Page, etc.) Get a good graphics package Keep page size small   First develop the pages on your own computer     Consistency Ease of change Study design elements and art      Test all links Transfer later Use style sheets   30,000 - 50,000 bytes typically takes - 15 seconds Formal training/art classes Study other sites Watch for and create trends Introduction to MIS   42 ... HotBot Lycos WebCrawler Yahoo Introduction to MIS   30 How the Internet Works Network service provider (NSP) T1: 1.544 Mbps T3: 44. 736 Mbps OC3: 155.52 Mbps OC12: 622 Mbps Backbone network Internet... Introduction to MIS Phone company Dial-up: 33 .3 - 56 Kbps ISDN: 128 Kbps DSL: 256 Kbps - Mbps Cable: to 10 Mbps Individual   Cable company   Company Web site 31 ... workload Add more computers for more power Increasing performance within a product family Sun 10000 Rack mount server farm Sun 38 00 Compaq Sun Ultra   Introduction to MIS   11 Network Transmission