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ĐỀ SỐ12 Đề thi gồm 07 trang BỘ ĐỀ THI THPT QUỐC GIA CHUẨN CẤU TRÚC BỘ GIÁO DỤC & ĐÀO TẠO Môn: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 50 phút Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

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Đề thi gồm 07

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BỘ ĐỀ THI THPT QUỐC GIA CHUẨN CẤU TRÚC BỘ GIÁO DỤC & ĐÀO

TẠO

Môn: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 50 phút

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 2: A apprehension B equation C precaution D discretion

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions

Question 3: A opponent B contractual C disappear D arrangement

Question 4: A uncertain B arrogant C familiar D impatient

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning

to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 5: Slavery was abolished in this country.

Question 6: Mary decided to remain celibate and devote her life to helping the homeless and orphans.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 7: My husband has lost his job, so we’ll have to tighten our belt to avoid getting into debt.

Question 8: When our rent increased from $100 to $200 a month, we protested against such a tremendous increase.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each

of the following exchanges.

Question 9: Ken and Laura are saying goodbye to each other after going to LOTTE Center And they are

going to have a date with each other later

Laura: “Well, it’s getting late Maybe we could get together sometime.” - Ken: “ _”

C Sounds good I’ll give you a call D Yes, I’ve enjoyed it.

Question 10: “Don’t forget to send your parents my regards.” - “ _”

A It’s my pleasure B Good idea, thanks C Never mind D Thanks, I will

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 11: Genetically, the chimpanzee is more similar to humans _.

A are than any other animal B than any other animal

Question 12: When the weather was very hot in summer, sales of bottles of water went _the

roof

Question 13: If we leave here now, we can drive half the distance before we stop _lunch.

Question 14: He lifted the phone receiver, _slightly.

Question 15: No matter _, he was an accomplished composer while still a child.

A how it seems remarkable B how remarkable it seems

C it seems remarkable how D how seems it remarkable

Question 16: Such a doctor _retire from his job before the retirement age.

Question 17: By 1820, there were over sixty steamboats on the Mississippi river, _ were quite

luxurious

Question 18: We put his success _his efforts.

Question 19: The judge _the pedestrian for the accident.

Question 20 Linda had a problem with her finances, so we talked _.

Question 21 My brother and I will never get along We’re _.

Question 22 The book says that the revolution was _off by the assassination of the president.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.

What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production of goods and services Economic resources can be broken

down into (23) _ general categories: property resource - land and capital, and human resources - labor and entrepreneurial skills

What do economists mean (24) _ land? Much more than the non-economist, land refers to all the natural resources (25) _are usable in the production process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on What about capital? Capital goods are all the manmade aids to producing, storing, transporting, and distributing goods and services Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that (26) _ satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the production

of consumer goods It should be noted that capital as defined here does not refer to money Money, as such, produces nothing

Question 26: A lately B the latter C the latest D later

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.

Esperanto is what is called a planned, or artificial, language It was created more than a century ago

by Polish eye doctor Ludwik Lazar Zamenhof Zamenhof believed that a common language would help to alleviate some of the misunderstandings among cultures

In Zamenhof’s first attempt at a universal language, he tried to create a language that was as uncomplicated as possible This first language included words such as ab, ac, ba, eb, be, and ce This did not result in a workable language in that these monosyllabic words, though short, were not easy to understand or to retain

Next, Zamenhof tried a different way of constructing a simplified language He made the words in his language sound like words that people already knew, but he simplified the grammar tremendously One example of how he simplified the language can be seen in the suffixes: all nouns in this language end

in o, as in the noun amiko, which means “friend”, and all adjectives end in -a, as in the adjective bela, which means “pretty” Another example of the simplified language can be seen in the prefix mal-, which makes a word opposite in meaning; the word malamiko therefore means “enemy”, and the word malbela therefore means “ugly” in Zamenhof’s language

In 1887, Zamenhof wrote a description of this language and published it He used a pen name, Dr Esperanto, when signing the book He selected the name Esperanto because this word means “a person

who hopes” in his language Esperanto clubs began popping up throughout Europe, and by 1950,

Esperanto had spread from Europe to America and Asia

In 1905, the First World Congress of Esperanto took place in France, with approximately 700 attendees from 20 different countries Congresses were held annually for nine years, and 4,000 attendees were registered for the Tenth World Esperanto Congress scheduled for 1914, when World War I erupted and forced its cancellation

The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods and services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial skills, which will be considered separately because of their special significance) Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall (27) _ the general heading of labor

Esperanto has had its ups and downs in the period since World War I Today, years after it was

introduced, it is estimated that perhaps a quarter of a million people are fluent in it This may seem like a large number, but it is really quite small when compared with the billion English speakers and billion Mandarin Chinese speakers in today’s world Current advocates would like to see its use grow considerably and are taking steps to try to make this happen

Question 28: The topic of this passage is _.

A how language can be improved

B a language developed in the last few years

C one man’s efforts to create a universal language

D using language to communicate internationally

Question 29: According to the passage, Zamenhof wanted to create a universal language _.

A to create one world culture B to resolve cultural differences

C to provide a more complex language D to build a name for himself

Question 30: It can be inferred from the passage that the Esperanto word malespera means _.

Question 31: The expression “popping up” in paragraph 4 could best be replaced by _.

Question 32: According to the passage, what happened to the Tenth World Esperanto Congress?

A It had attendees from 20 countries B It never took place

C It had 4,000 attendees D It was scheduled for 1915

Question 33: The expression “ups and downs” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _.

Question 34: Which paragraph describes the predecessor to Esperanto?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.

Glass is a remarkable substance made from the simplest raw materials It can be colored or colorless, monochrome or polychrome, transparent, translucent, or opaque It is lightweight impermeable

to liquids, readily cleaned and reused, durable yet fragile, and often very beautiful Glass can be

decorated in multiple ways and its optical properties are exceptional In all its myriad forms - as table ware, containers, in architecture and design - glass represents a major achievement in the history of technological developments

Since the Bronze Age about 3,000 B.C., glass has been used for making various kinds of objects It was first made from a mixture of silica, line and an alkali such as soda or potash, and these remained the basic ingredients of glass until the development of lead glass in the seventeenth century When heated, the

mixture becomes soft and malleable and can be formed by various techniques into a vast array of shapes and sizes The homogeneous mass thus formed by melting then cools to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow

Why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven

cooling

Another unusual feature of glass is the manner in which its viscosity changes as it turns from a cold

substance into a hot, ductile liquid Unlike metals that flow or “freeze” at specific temperatures glass progressively softens as the temperature rises, going through varying stages of malleability until it flows like a thick syrup Each stage of malleability allows the glass to be manipulated into various forms, by different techniques, and if suddenly cooled the object retains the shape achieved at that point Glass is thus amenable to a greater number of heat-forming techniques than most other materials

Question 35: Why does the author list the characteristics of glass in paragraph 1?

A To demonstrate how glass evolved

B To show the versatility of glass

C To explain glassmaking technology

D To explain the purpose of each component of glass

Question 36: The word “durable” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.

Question 37: What does the author imply about the raw materials used to make glass?

A They were the same for centuries B They are liquid.

Question 38: According to the passage, how is glass that has cooled and become rigid different from

most other rigid substances?

A It has an interlocking crystal network.

B It has an unusually low melting temperature.

C It has varying physical properties.

D It has a random molecular structure.

Question 39: The words “exposed to” in paragraph 2 most likely mean _.

A hardened by B chilled with C subjected to D deprived of

Question 40: What must be done to release the internal stresses that build up in glass products during

manufacture?

A The glass must be reheated and evenly cooled.

B The glass must be cooled quickly.

C The glass must be kept moist until cooled.

D The glass must be shaped to its desired form immediately

Question 41: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to _.

Question 42: According to the passage, why can glass be more easily shaped into specific forms than can

metals

A It resists breaking when heated

B It has better optical properties.

C It retains heat while its viscosity changes.

D It gradually becomes softer as its temperature rises.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 43: You should have persuaded him to change his mind.

A You should persuade him to change his mind.

B You didn’t persuade him to change because of his mind.

C It was essential to persuade him to change his mind but you didn’t.

D You persuaded him to change his mind but he didn’t listen.

Question 44: Bill’s English is much better than it was.

A Bill speaks English better now than he did before.

B Bill has started to learn English but doesn’t speak it well

C Bill has always spoken good English.

D Bill’s English was much better than it is now.

Question 45: They said that Sally had quit five jobs before working for us.

A They said that five jobs had been quit by Sally before working for us.

B Sally worked for us then she quit five other jobs.

C It was said that Sally had quit five jobs before working for us.

D Sally said that she had quit five jobs before working for us.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 46: The proposal (A) has repealed after a (B) twenty-minutes discussion (C) a number of objections to its failure (D) to include our district.

Question 47: In the 1920s, Tulsa had a (A) higher number of (B) millionaire than any (C) other U.S (D)

city

Question 48: There are many (A) frequently (B) mentioned reasons why one out of (C) four arrests (D)

involve a juvenile

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 49: He didn’t take his father’s advice That’s why he is out of work.

A If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not have been out of work.

B If he took his father’s advice, he would not be out of work.

C If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not be out of work.

D If he takes his father’s advice, he will not be out of work.

Question 50: She buys a lot of new dresses every month She always dresses shabbily.

A However a lot of new dresses she buys every month, she always dresses shabbily.

B However many new dresses she buys every month, she always dresses shabbily.

C Many as new dresses she buys every month, she always dresses shabbily.

D She always dresses shabbily because she buys a lot of new dresses every month.

ANSWER KEY

Question 13 Chọn đáp án D

Cấu trúc: - Stop to do sth: dừng lại để làm gì

E.g: I stop to read books.

- Stop doing sth: dừng hẳn làm gì đó

E.g: He stopped smoking (Anh ấy đã ngừng hút thuốc hẳn.)

Dịch: Nếu chúng ta rời khỏi đây bây giờ thì chúng ta có thể lái xe được một nửa quãng đường trước khi dừng lại để ăn trưa

Note 35

Một số động từ có thể đi cùng với cả động từ nguyên thể và V-ing, nhưng có sự khác nhau về ý nghĩa:

Stop V-ing: dừng làm gì (dừng hẳn)

Stop to V: dừng lại để làm việc gì

- Stop smoking: dừng hút thuốc

- Stop to talk: dừng lại đề nói chuyện

Remember/forget/regret to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại - tương lai)

Remember/forget/regret V-ing: nhớ/quên/hối tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ)

E.g: I regret to inform you that the train was cancelled (Tôi rất tiếc phải báo tin cho anh rằng chuyến tàu

đã bị hủy.)

- She remembers seeing him (Cô ấy nhớ đã gặp anh ấy.)

Try to V: cố gắng làm gì

Try V-ing: thử làm gì

E.g: I try to pass the exam (Tôi cố gắng vượt qua kỳ thi.)

- You should try wearing this hat (Bạn nên thử đội chiếc mũ này.)

Prefer V-ing to V-ing

Prefer + to V + rather than (V)

E.g: I prefer staying at home to going out.

- I prefer to stay at home rather than go out

Mean to V: có ý định làm gì.

Mean V-ing: Có nghĩa là gì.

E.g: He doesn’t mean to prevent you from doing that (Anh ấy không có ý ngăn cản bạn làm việc đó.)

- This sign means not going into (Biển báo này có ý nghĩa là không được đi vào trong.)

Need to V: cần làm gì

Need V-ing: cần được làm gì (= need to be done)

E.g: I need to clean the house.

- Your hair needs cutting (= Your hair needs to be cut.)

Used to V: đã từng/thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây giờ không làm nữa)

Be/Get used to V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)

E.g: I used to get up early when I was young (Tôi đã từng dậy sớm khi còn trẻ.)

- I’m used to getting up early (Tôi quen với việc dậy sớm rồi)

Advise/ recommend /allow/permit + O + to V: khuyên/cho phép ai làm gì.

Advise/ recommend /allow/permit + V-ing: khuyên/cho phép làm gì.

E.g: They don’t allow us to go out.

- They don’t allow going out

- We are allowed to go out (bị động)