ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NON COUNT NOUNS IN THE CABLE NEWS NETWORK AND IN THE NHAN DAN NEWSPAPER

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY ========**********======== PHẠM THỊ VÂN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NON-COUNT NOUNS IN THE CABLE NEWS NETWORK AND IN THE NHAN DAN NEWSPAPER (DANH TỪ KHÔNG ĐẾM ĐƯỢC TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT TRÊN MẠNG TIN TỨC TRUYỀN HÌNH CÁP VÀ TRÊN BÁO ĐIỆN TỬ NHÂN DÂN) M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Hanoi, 2018 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY ========**********======== PHẠM THỊ VÂN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NON-COUNT NOUNS IN THE CABLE NEWS NETWORK AND IN THE NHAN DAN NEWSPAPER (DANH TỪ KHÔNG ĐẾM ĐƯỢC TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT TRÊN MẠNG TIN TỨC TRUYỀN HÌNH CÁP VÀ TRÊN BÁO ĐIỆN TỬ NHÂN DÂN) M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Supervisor: Dr Huynh Anh Tuan Hanoi, 2018 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I, the undersigned, here by certify my authoriry of the study project report entitled: ―English and Vietnamese non-count nouns in the Cable News Network and in the Nhan Dan Newspaper‖ submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master in English language Except where the references is indicated, no other person‘s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2018 Pham Thi Van Approved by SUPERVISOR Dr Huynh Anh Tuan Date:……………………… i ABSTRACT The present study establishes the understanding about non-count nouns in the Cable News Network and the Nhan Dan newspaper This aim was achieved through analysizing the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese When searching posts on both newspapers, I realise that many formats of words are used to express various meanings in different contexts The structures in sentences in use are so flexible, so that it drives me an inspiration to explore the Cable News Network and the Nhan Dan newspaper with the matter of noun countability Start with that points, I want to conduct a research about linguistic features of countability to deeper understand how count and non-count nouns are presented in the writing These are to address my curiosity about the countability in terms of linguistic approach After theoretical research and technically analysis with cases in the Cable News Network and the Nhan Dan newspaper, I come to decisions of the topic for my dissertation The topic of "English and Vietnamese non-count nouns in the Cable News Network and in the Online Nhan Dan Newspaper‖ will bring to the light the answer of two big questions With the specific examples of non-count nouns in the English and Vietnamese newspapers, the results of data analysis will demonstrate the similarities and differences in using non-count nouns in terms of overall structures, lexical choice and syntax The results of this study are intended to help learners of English draw up and understand more about the use of non-count nouns in English and Vietnamese to achieve better communicative competence I will collect posts with posts for each newspaper to analyze the linguistic features of count and non-count The results of this study are intended to help language learners to explore and understand more about linguistic features of countability in both English and Vietnamese These are hoped to be useful for readers to acquire skills to improve reading comprehension skill due to the good knowledge of the linguistic features of countability and their practice in use ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest thanks to my supervisor, Dr Huynh Anh Tuan, who I believe is the most wonderful supervisor, for his valuable direction and generous assistance while I was doing this project His enthusiasm and positive attitudes were sparkling in such a way that it helped to make my research a serious task to fulfil I am grateful to the administrators and teachers at Hanoi Open University for their cooperation and help during the study I am also in debt of my lecturers, my friends, my classmates as well as my colleagues for their invaluable comments and criticism Finally, I would like to delicate this work to my parents and family, who have been always supporting me with love and sympathy iii TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ii ABSTRACT ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aims and objectives 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Research methodology 1.5 Significance of the study 1.6 Design of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE RЕVIЕW AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 Count аnd non-count nouns in English 2.2 Convеrting non-count nouns into count nouns 15 2.3 Count аnd non-count nouns in Viеtnаmеsе 19 2.4 Compаrison bеtwееn Viеtnаmеsе аnd Еnglish nouns 25 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 28 3.1 Data 28 3.2 Scope of the study 28 3.3 Research method 29 iv 3.4 Research procedure 30 3.5 Data collection 30 3.6 Data analysis 31 3.7 Research questions 31 3.8 Summary 32 CHAPTER 4: FINDING АND DISCUSSION 33 4.1 Non-count nouns in the Cable News Network and in the Nhan Dan newspaper 33 4.2 Non-count nouns in the Cable News Network 35 4.3 Non-count nouns in the Nhan Dan newspaper 42 4.4 Similarity and difference in the Cable News Network and in the Nhan Dan newspaper 54 4.5 Summary 55 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS АND IMPLICАTION 56 5.1 Summаry of the thеsis 56 5.2 Conclusion 57 5.3 Implicаtion 60 5.4 Limitаtions 61 5.5 Suggеstion for Furthеr Rеsеаrch 63 v LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Spеciаl nouns has both count and non- count forms 11 Table 2.2: Divisions in Vietnamese nouns 21 Table 4.1: Chosen English and Vietnamese posts for analysis 34 Table 4.2: The count and non- count nouns of Drink/food substаncеs & sеrvings the case of ―beer‖ 35 Table 4.3: The count and non-count nouns of Foods аnd Vаriеtiеs - the case of ―Vegetable‖ 37 Tаblе 4.4: The count and non-count nouns of Аnimаls аnd food - the case of ―Chicken‖ 38 Table 4.5: The count and non-count nouns of Аbstrаcts аnd еvеnt instаntiаtions/ results- the case of ―Export‖ 40 Table 4.6: The count and non-count nouns of Drink/ food substаncеs & sеrvings the case of "bia" 44 Table 4.7: The count and non- count nouns of Foods аnd vаriеtiеs 47 Table 4.8: The count and non-count nouns of Аnimаls аnd food 49 Table 4.9: The count and non- count nouns of Аbstrаcts аnd еvеnt instаntiаtions/results – the case of ―xuất khẩu‖ 51 vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale Nowadays, English has become the most widely used language all over the world As will become clear, comprehension is of great importance when reading and speaking is on the way It is considered as the means of communication in many different fields such as science, technology, aviation, international sport, diplomacy, and so on In fact, with the spread of globalization and the rapid expansion of information and technology, there has been an explosion in the demand for English worldwide This work is about the countability of nouns Some nouns in English regularly use grammatical means to enumerate their referent—the noun cat regularly combines with the plural morpheme -s to designate multiple cats Other nouns not allow this—the noun lightning resists pluralization, and pluralized forms of this noun are typically found to be awkward (*lightnings) Pluralization is one grammatical operation, among many, which bears witness to divergences in different nouns‘ allowances for counting Determining the actual source of these differences among nouns has been an active area of research for decades and is the primary task this dissertation engages in In the field of the press, English also plays an important role It is used in many international websites and newspapers Investigating the similarities and differences in the linguistic features in English newspapers and Vietnamese newspapers may benefit Vietnamese readers and learners of English Among the many linguistic features, a better understanding of the use of non-count nouns in the two languages may help them enhance their communicative competence Much progress has been made in our understanding of uncountability, from the reporting of different grammatical systems to other language which beyond mother tongue Other proposals have been put forth as well: some have hypothesized that this linguistic distinction is grounded in foundational cognitive capacity, others have claimed that the distinction creates a range of proposals across the spectrum spanning these I will present a brief summary of the main positions that have been taken in the literature on the count/non-count distinction I subsequently provide an overview of the primary positions that have been argued for to account for uncountability The permissible combinations of nouns and determiners or quantifiers have been taken as central, and I will refer to them as the core distributional properties These are the reasons why I would like to carry out an investigation into ―Non-count nouns in English and Vietnamese in the CNN and in the Nhan Dan Newspaper‖ for my graduation paper It is hoped that the study will make some contributions to the literature of English non-count nouns research The decision to focus on the countability is chiefly triggered by the very fact that some non-count nouns are used as count nouns in some case This confusion can lead readers to misunderstanding the context In general, the countablity of nouns depends on the context and the meaning it expresses The ideas sometimes rely on the the fluence in languages The chosen words will be analyzed based on the posts, but can reflect almost all the meanings that these normally express The research topic is as a point of entry for further exploration of the countability in the future Moreover, for the academic reason, the topic discusses the countability in the Cable News Network and Nhan Dan newspaper posts is about cases study that reflect popular life events, helping reader apply knowledge into daily conversation correctly This reason makes the researcher curious of and interested in investigating in events and especially in nouns and representative contexts , with the assumption that researcher will be able to see different styles of writing Therefore, the writer believes that the analysis will be helpful as the basic clues to further understanding the complexity of the difference ideas in non-count and count nouns in both English and Vietnamese Foods аnd vаriеtiеs Mở rộng mơ hình sản xuất rau an tồn Thứ Ba, 16/10/2018, 02:25:14 Font Size: | Print Nhằm đáp ứng nhu cầu sử dụng rau an toàn người dân thúc đẩy sản xuất nông nghiệp ứng dụng công nghệ cao, năm qua, Vĩnh Phúc triển khai nhiều chương trình hỗ trợ nhằm khuyến khích tổ chức, cá nhân đầu tư xây dựng nhân rộng mơ hình sản xuất rau an tồn Theo Sở Nông nghiệp Phát triển nông thôn tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc, tỉnh có khoảng 120 sở sản xuất rau an tồn, với diện tích canh tác gần 900 cấp giấy chứng nhận; 40 sở sản xuất rau an toàn theo tiêu chuẩn VietGAP, với diện tích 500 ha, tập trung huyện: Tam Dương, Yên Lạc, Vĩnh Tường, Bình Xuyên Sản lượng rau an toàn rau cấp giấy chứng nhận VietGAP đạt khoảng 40 nghìn đến 45 nghìn tấn/năm, 25% tổng sản lượng rau sản xuất địa bàn Việc đầu tư phát triển nhân rộng mô hình sản xuất rau an tồn góp phần tạo thêm việc làm, tăng thu nhập cho người dân nông thơn khắc phục dần tình trạng bỏ đất nơng nghiệp diễn nhiều địa phương tỉnh Giám đốc Hợp tác xã (HTX) rau an toàn Visa (xã Đại Tự, huyện Yên Lạc) Lê Thị Thu Hương cho biết: HTX thành lập tháng 4-2017, với diện tích 5,5 Đây cơng trình thuộc dự án nâng cao chất lượng, an tồn sản phẩm nơng nghiệp phát triển chương trình khí sinh học (OSEAP) Ngân hàng Phát triển châu Á tài trợ Hiện HTX tạo việc làm ổn định cho 150 xã viên liên kết sản xuất với 10 hộ nông dân địa bàn Trung bình ngày, HTX cung cấp cho đơn vị thu mua Công ty TNHH Đầu tư sản xuất phát triển nông nghiệp VinEco bếp ăn khoảng rau, củ, Để có loại rau an toàn, chất lượng, HTX Visa đầu tư xây dựng khai thác hiệu sở sơ chế, bao gói tiêu thụ rau gia vị đạt tiêu chuẩn vệ sinh an toàn thực phẩm Đồng thời, tuân thủ nghiêm ngặt 10 bước quy định tiêu chuẩn VietGAP từ khâu chọn đất, nguồn nước, phân bón, trồng, phun thuốc bảo vệ thực vật, chăm sóc, thu hoạch, sơ chế Cứ hai tuần, Cơng ty VinEco lại cử cán lấy mẫu đánh giá tất loại rau, củ, xuất thị trường bảo đảm chất lượng, an toàn ―Dù nhiều khó khăn số hộ dân có diện tích đất khu sản xuất HTX chưa nhường đất thời tiết tương đối thất thường với lợi vùng đất bãi, có lượng phù sa lớn, việc trồng chăm sóc loại rau, củ, HTX thuận lợi Năm 2017, HTX đạt doanh thu khoảng 25 tỷ đồng, đó, thu từ rau, hoa, khoảng ba tỷ đồng, 22 tỷ đồng từ dịch vụ nấu ăn cho 40 trường học số doanh nghiệp địa bàn huyện Vĩnh Tường Yên Lạc‖ - chị Thu Hương cho biết Không tiếng nơi cung cấp loại giống trồng chất lượng cao, nhiều năm qua, với mong muốn cung cấp cho thị trường loại rau, củ, an tồn, Giám đốc Cơng ty TNHH Tân Nông (xã Chấn Hưng, huyện Vĩnh Tường) Nguyễn Văn Đề lặn lội tham quan thực tế, tìm hiểu nhu cầu thị trường, thuê 8,5 xã Kim Long, huyện Tam Dương số địa điểm khác hai huyện Tam Đảo Vĩnh Tường để mở rộng diện tích trồng rau an tồn theo tiêu chuẩn VietGAP Anh Đề chia sẻ: Trồng rau, củ, theo chuẩn VietGAP không lo thị trường đầu Bởi nhu cầu sử dụng loại thực phẩm an tồn người dân cao Thơng qua hệ thống siêu thị Fivimart Hà Nội ba cửa hàng cung ứng rau an tồn cơng ty xã Kim Long, huyện Tam Dương, TP Vĩnh Yên TP Hà Nội, ngày, công ty cung cấp cho người tiêu dùng từ 1,3 đến 1,5 rau, củ, quả; doanh thu bình quân đạt từ đến 2,5 tỷ đồng/năm Tuy nhiên, lượng rau, củ, công ty sản xuất chưa đủ đáp ứng thị trường, nhiều năm qua, công ty liên kết đầu mối thu mua nông sản trồng theo quy chuẩn VietGAP 100 hộ dân tỉnh hộ nông dân tỉnh Thái Nguyên, Phú Thọ, Bắc Ninh, Tuyên Quang Để đáp ứng đủ nhu cầu thị trường, ngồi mở rộng diện tích gieo trồng lên khoảng 10 đến 15 loại rau, củ, người tiêu dùng ưa chuộng là: Đu đủ, cà chua ghép gốc cà tím, dưa lê thơm Như Ngọc, dưa vàng, Công ty TNHH Tân Nông tăng cường liên kết sản xuất với hộ dân ngồi tỉnh để đưa sản phẩm nơng nghiệp an toàn vào bán hệ thống siêu thị lớn Giám đốc HTX sản xuất rau an toàn Vân Hội Xanh Dương Thị Quỳnh Liên cho biết: HTX có 27 xã viên, với diện tích canh tác Nhờ thực quy trình sản xuất theo tiêu chuẩn VietGAP, rau sau thu hoạch đưa vào nhà sơ chế, đóng gói dán tem, dán mã phản hồi nhanh (QR code) loại rau, củ, HTX nhiều người tiêu dùng tin tưởng lựa chọn Trung bình ngày, hai điểm bán hàng cố định HTX TP Vĩnh Yên bán hết khoảng rau, củ, Với chất lượng tốt, dự kiến thời gian tới, VinEco tiêu thụ toàn sản phẩm HTX Theo đánh giá Sở Nông nghiệp Phát triển nông thôn tỉnh, thời gian tới, địa bàn tỉnh có thêm nhiều HTX sản xuất rau an tồn, diện tích vùng trồng rau an tồn mở rộng Tập trung đẩy mạnh thực Đề án tái cấu ngành nông nghiệp, Vĩnh Phúc xác định rau, ngành hàng quan trọng tỉnh theo hướng phát triển bền vững, bảo đảm hiệu quả, chất lượng, vệ sinh an toàn thực phẩm Tỉnh triển khai, thực nhiều chế, sách hỗ trợ cho tổ chức, cá nhân phát triển vùng chuyên canh rau quả; hỗ trợ địa phương thực dồn thửa, đổi ruộng để tăng quy mô sản xuất, phục vụ quy hoạch vùng chuyên canh rau; hỗ trợ hình thành HTX kiểu tổ chức chương trình xúc tiến thương mại, hỗ trợ, quảng bá sản phẩm rau an toàn tỉnh, thành phố nước THANH NGA You can cut your cancer risk by eating organic By Susan Scutti, CNN Updated 1500 GMT (2300 HKT) October 22, 2018 Asparagus – Asparagus samples mostly tested negative for pesticides: Ninety percent were clean, according to the group, and no more than three pesticides were found on any one sample of this vegetable Asparagus ranks eighth among the cleanest produce Mango – Ninth-cleanest among all the different kinds of produce, mango samples showed no more than two pesticides when tested, while just over three-quarters tested negative for any and all chemical residue Eggplant – Eggplant showed themselves guilty, at worst, of contamination with three types of pesticides, according to the group Best of all, almost three out of every four tested eggplants contained no pesticides whatsoever Thus, eggplants ranked last on the top 10 within the "Clean 15" list Honeydew Melon – Half of honeydew melons tested negative for pesticides, while no more than four pesticides were found on any of the honeydew samples And so, honeydew melon slips into position 11 on the clean list Kiwi – Lovely green kiwis were mostly pesticide free when tested: Sixty-five percent of all samples showed no chemicals, while only six pesticides could be found on any of the samples Cantaloupe melon – Overall, one out of 10 cantaloupe samples contained more than one pesticide, and more than 60% contained no pesticide residues This orange melon ranked lucky 13 on the clean list Cauliflower – No pesticides were detected on about half of the cauliflower samples and none contained more than three separate chemicals This is why cauliflower took the penultimate position on the "Clean 15" list Broccoli – Last but not least, broccoli found its way onto the list of cleanest produce Seven out of 10 samples showed no pesticide residue, while only one in 10 contained more than one pesticide Avocados – Fewer than 1% of avocados tested positive for pesticides Best of all, only one pesticide of any kind was found on all the avocados tested For these reasons, the Environmental Working Group ranked avocados as the No cleanest produce Sweet corn – Less than 2% of sweet corn, the second-cleanest produce, showed detectable levels of pesticides Because a small portion of corn is grown from genetically modified seeds, the group suggests that those who wish to avoid genetically altered foods buy organic corn Pineapples – Nearly all the pineapples tested 90% showed no residual pesticides, while just five pesticides could be detected on any of the samples For these reasons, pineapples fill position three on the clean list Cabbage – Overall, 86% of cabbage samples contained no detectable pesticides Additionally, just two of more than 700 samples tested contained more than one pesticide For these reasons, cabbage ranked fourth on the list of cleanest produce Onions – Fifth-placed onions contained three or fewer pesticides overall, while fewer than one in 10 contained any pesticides Frozen sweet peas – Frozen sweet peas ranked sixth on this year's clean produce list due to the fact that none of the tested samples contained more than two pesticides Overall, about eight out of every 10 frozen sweet pea samples tested negative for pesticides Papayas – With no samples testing positive for more than three pesticides, papayas take seventh place on the list of clean fruits and veggies The Environmental Working Group found that eight out of every 10 had no pesticide residues Asparagus – Asparagus samples mostly tested negative for pesticides: Ninety percent were clean, according to the group, and no more than three pesticides were found on any one sample of this vegetable Asparagus ranks eighth among the cleanest produce Mango – Ninth-cleanest among all the different kinds of produce, mango samples showed no more than two pesticides when tested, while just over three-quarters tested negative for any and all chemical residue Eggplant – Eggplant showed themselves guilty, at worst, of contamination with three types of pesticides, according to the group Best of all, almost three out of every four tested eggplants contained no pesticides whatsoever Thus, eggplants ranked last on the top 10 within the "Clean 15" list Honeydew Melon – Half of honeydew melons tested negative for pesticides, while no more than four pesticides were found on any of the honeydew samples And so, honeydew melon slips into position 11 on the clean list.Kiwi – Lovely green kiwis were mostly pesticide free when tested: Sixty-five percent of all samples showed no chemicals, while only six pesticides could be found on any of the samples Hide Caption Cantaloupe melon – Overall, one out of 10 cantaloupe samples contained more than one pesticide, and more than 60% contained no pesticide residues This orange melon ranked lucky 13 on the clean list Cauliflower – No pesticides were detected on about half of the cauliflower samples and none contained more than three separate chemicals This is why cauliflower took the penultimate position on the "Clean 15" list Broccoli – Last but not least, broccoli found its way onto the list of cleanest produce Seven out of 10 samples showed no pesticide residue, while only one in 10 contained more than one pesticide Avocados – Fewer than 1% of avocados tested positive for pesticides Best of all, only one pesticide of any kind was found on all the avocados tested For these reasons, the Environmental Working Group ranked avocados as the No cleanest produce Sweet corn – Less than 2% of sweet corn, the second-cleanest produce, showed detectable levels of pesticides Because a small portion of corn is grown from genetically modified seeds, the group suggests that those who wish to avoid genetically altered foods buy organic corn Pineapples – Nearly all the pineapples tested 90% showed no residual pesticides, while just five pesticides could be detected on any of the samples For these reasons, pineapples fill position three on the clean list Cabbage – Overall, 86% of cabbage samples contained no detectable pesticides Additionally, just two of more than 700 samples tested contained more than one pesticide For these reasons, cabbage ranked fourth on the list of cleanest produce Onions – Fifth-placed onions contained three or fewer pesticides overall, while fewer than one in 10 contained any pesticides Frozen sweet peas – Frozen sweet peas ranked sixth on this year's clean produce list due to the fact that none of the tested samples contained more than two pesticides Overall, about eight out of every 10 frozen sweet pea samples tested negative for pesticides Papayas – With no samples testing positive for more than three pesticides, papayas take seventh place on the list of clean fruits and veggies The Environmental Working Group found that eight out of every 10 had no pesticide residues Asparagus – Asparagus samples mostly tested negative for pesticides: Ninety percent were clean, according to the group, and no more than three pesticides were found on any one sample of this vegetable Asparagus ranks eighth among the cleanest produce  More than 68,000 French adults took part in the study  Those who ate the most organic food were 25% less likely to develop cancer (CNN)You can protect yourself from cancer by eating organic, a new study suggests Those who frequently eat organic foods lowered their overall risk of developing cancer, a study published Monday in JAMA Internal Medicine finds Specifically, those who primarily eat organic foods were more likely to ward off non-Hodgkin lymphoma and postmenopausal breast cancer compared to those who rarely or never ate organic foods Led by Julia Baudry, an epidemiologist at Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale in France, a team of researchers looked at the diets of 68,946 French adults More than three-quarters of the volunteers were women, in their mid- 40s on average These volunteers were categorized into four groups depending on how often they reported eating 16 organic products, including fruits and vegetables, meat and fish, ready-to-eat meals, vegetable oils and condiments, dietary supplements and other products Follow-up time varied for each participant but lasted slightly more than four and a half years on average, and during that time, the study volunteers developed a total of 1,340 cancers The most prevalent was breast cancer (459) followed by prostate cancer (180), skin cancer (135), colorectal cancer (99), and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (47) The authors calculated cancer risk Comparing the participants' organic food scores with cancer cases, the researchers calculated a negative relationship between high scores (eating the most organic food) and overall cancer risk Those who ate the most organic food were 25% less likely to develop cancer Specifically, they were 73% less likely to develop nonHodgkin lymphoma and 21% less likely to develop post-menopausal breast cancer Even participants who ate low-to-medium quality diets yet stuck with organic food experienced a reduced risk of cancer, the authors found The authors theorize a "possible explanation" for the negative relationship between organic food and cancer risk stems from the "significant" reduction of contamination that occurs when conventional foods are replaced by organic foods "If the findings are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption in the general population could be a promising preventive strategy against cancer," Baudry and her colleagues concluded Dr Jorge E Chavarro, an associate professor in the Department of Nutrition at Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, said in a podcast that the new study is "incredibly important." He co-authored a commentarypublished with the study Most people who are not employed in agriculture are exposed to pesticide residues through food, said Chavarro, who was not involved in the study The new findings are consistent with those of the International Agency for Research in Cancer, which found pesticides are cancer causing in humans, noted Chavarro They also align with those of another study that showed a negative relationship between eating organic food and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, he said However, Chavarro added that researchers designing future studies should be mindful of certain limitations in this new study Drawbacks of the study "Assessing intake of diet is difficult, assessing intake of organic foods is notoriously difficult," said Chavarro "That is because deciding to eat organic foods or not is a decision that has very strong social and economic determinants Even though the authors had access to information of why people are choosing not to eat organic foods, they consider all non-consumers of organic foods the same." For example, people who choose not to eat organic despite being able to afford to so might have a poor attitude toward their health in general and that would likely influence the results Chavarro also said it is unclear that quantifying organic food consumption is really calculating what the study authors want to measure reduced exposure to pesticide residues through diet It's true that previous research, including one of Chavarro's own studies, have shown a correlation between organic food consumption and pesticide levels in urine, so the assumption is not incorrect Still the authors need to show this, he said in the podcast about the study And, different conventional foods are more "dirty" (contaminated with pesticides) than others, he said, so eating certain organic foods does a better job of protecting us against ingesting pesticides than others Yet the study does not a good job of sorting and evaluating these differences, he noted "At the current stage of research, the relationship between organic food consumption and cancer risk is still unclear," Chavarro and his co-authors wrote in the commentary In the end, the study's takeaway, according to Chavarro, is that we should all probably be paying more attention to how much organic food we eat and "we should probably be studying this more." Аbstrаcts аnd еvеnt instаntiаtions/ results Tín hiệu vui từ hoạt động xuất Thứ Năm, 05/10/2017, 14:07:30 Font Size: | Print Nhiều doanh nghiệp tham gia quảng bá sản phẩm để tìm hội xuất chương trình kết nối giao thương Những ngày cuối tháng 9, hoạt động xuất TP Hồ Chí Minh vùng kinh tế trọng điểm phía nam liên tục tiếp nhận nhiều tín hiệu vui sản phẩm nông sản nước xuất sang thị trường khó tính sau nhiều năm đàm phán; tỷ trọng nhóm hàng cơng nghiệp chế biến tiếp tục tăng, nhóm hàng xuất thơ giảm dần… Sau tuần khánh thành, Nhà máy Kim Thành thuộc Công ty TNHH thương mại dịch vụ xuất nhập Vina T&T chạy hết cơng suất, nhanh chóng đưa sản phẩm long qua Mỹ, thị trường chủ lực nhiều loại trái xuất Vina T&T Tổng Giám đốc Vina T&T Nguyễn Ðình Tùng phấn khởi cho biết: "Xây dựng nhà máy nhằm đáp ứng nhu cầu đóng gói trái xuất công ty Ðây yêu cầu cần thiết với doanh nghiệp (DN) muốn nâng tầm xuất quy mô lớn nhiều thị trường khó tính đặt hàng Ðến nay, ngồi loại trái truyền thống long, chôm chôm, nhãn, công ty đưa sầu riêng, dừa sang thị trường đòi hỏi tiêu chuẩn cao Mỹ, Ô-xtrây-li-a " Giám đốc Công ty Vĩ Nam Việt (Vinavit) hoạt động Khu công nghiệp Lê Minh Xuân (Bình Chánh) Hà Long Quốc cho hay, DN chuyên sản xuất phân phối sản phẩm ốc vít, bu-lơng với chất liệu thép khơng gỉ có dung sai chặt chẽ, kiểm soát nghiêm ngặt Hiện, 40% số sản phẩm Vinavit xuất nước ngoài, chuyên cung cấp cho công ty điện tử hàng đầu Nhật Bản Haier, Toshiba "Không phải DN Việt Nam không đủ khả sản xuất phụ kiện cho cơng ty nước ngồi mà họ không đủ kiên nhẫn để đáp ứng yêu cầu phía đối tác đưa Thí dụ, Vinavit sản xuất chốt mô-tơ cho thiết bị điện tử Toshiba, từ bốn đến năm trở thành nhà cung ứng ngày hơm Ban đầu, DN nước ngồi đặt số lượng để họ kiểm tra mẫu, chất lượng có đạt chuẩn hay khơng, sau tăng dần số lượng đến lúc thật tin tưởng họ ký đơn hàng lớn", ông Hà Long Quốc chia sẻ Theo UBND thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, tổng kim ngạch xuất DN thành phố qua cửa chín tháng năm 2017 ước đạt 26,3 tỷ USD, tăng 15,7% so với kỳ năm 2016 Một số mặt hàng xuất trì có mức tăng cao máy vi tính, sản phẩm điện tử linh kiện (tăng 36,1%); phương tiện vận tải khác phụ tùng (tăng 60,7%) Các mặt hàng nhóm nơng - lâm - thủy sản có dấu hiệu hồi phục tăng trưởng trở lại cao-su, rau quả, hạt điều… Giám đốc Sở Công thương TP Hồ Chí Minh Phạm Thành Kiên lý giải, đạt kết nêu trên, nỗ lực tự thân DN, có tác động tích cực từ hỗ trợ chung thành phố ngành công thương Từ đầu năm đến nay, thành phố tiếp tục đẩy mạnh cải cách hành chính, tăng cường hoạt động xúc tiến thương mại kịp thời tháo gỡ vướng mắc kinh doanh cho DN Ðáng mừng nhóm hàng cơng nghiệp chế biến tiếp tục tăng trưởng mức cao hầu hết mặt hàng có kim ngạch xuất lớn có tốc độ tăng trưởng Cơ cấu hàng xuất có chuyển dịch theo hướng tiếp tục tăng tỷ trọng nhóm cơng nghiệp chế biến, giảm tỷ trọng nhóm hàng thơ Thị trường xuất tăng trưởng hầu hết thị trường lớn Mỹ, EU, Trung Quốc Được UBND thành phố Hồ Chí Minh giao thực nhiệm vụ trọng tâm hỗ trợ DN đẩy mạnh hoạt động xuất hàng hóa, Giám đốc Trung tâm xúc tiến Thương mại Ðầu tư TP Hồ Chí Minh (ITPC) Phạm Thiết Hòa khẳng định, thời gian tới, thành phố cam kết đồng hành, DN với chương trình cụ thể Theo đó, xây dựng kế hoạch dài hạn biện pháp cụ thể, hiệu để hỗ trợ DN, DN vừa nhỏ Tăng cường tiếp tục đổi hoạt động xúc tiến thương mại, có giải pháp hỗ trợ phù hợp ngành hàng xuất chủ lực vào thị trường trọng điểm, thị trường có nhiều tiềm gắn với nâng cao chất lượng sản phẩm xây dựng thương hiệu Ðẩy mạnh hoạt động tuyên truyền để DN tận dụng tốt điều kiện thuận lợi tiếp cận thị trường cắt giảm thuế quan ngày sâu đối tác, từ tăng nhanh xuất khẩu, đồng thời nâng cao hiệu xuất hàng hóa Việt Nam sang thị trường ký kết FTA Cùng với đó, thành phố nâng cao hiệu công tác thông tin, dự báo thị trường, bám sát tình hình thị trường, cung cấp thơng tin kịp thời cho nhà sản xuất, xuất loại rào cản nước nhập nhằm cải thiện chất lượng hàng hóa, tránh rủi ro cho DN thực hợp đồng xuất Phương Vy How high will oil go? Iran is the biggest X factor By Matt Egan, CNN Business Updated 1858 GMT (0258 HKT) October 17, 2018 New York (CNN Business)President Donald Trump's looming sanctions on Iran are the biggest in a series of mysteries confronting the oil market right now Even though sanctions on Iran's energy sector go into effect on November 5, questions continue to linger about just how many Iranian barrels will get knocked offline South Korea, Japan, Greece and France have already slashed their oil purchases from Iran But will India get leeway from the Trump administration to keep buying? Will China comply with Trump's sanctions in the middle of a trade war with the United States? And then there's Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil exporter No one knows precisely how much firepower Saudi Arabia has to make up for the loss of Iranian crude "This is a big part of the uncertainty that the market is grappling with right now: How much can the Saudis really produce on short notice?" Michael Wittner, global head of oil research at Societe Generale, wrote to clients this week Even if Saudi Arabia is physically able to pump a lot more a big if there are new questions about whether the kingdom will be willing to so Saudi Arabia has threatened to retaliateagainst potential sanctions from the United States over the disappearance of Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi While Saudi Arabia is unlikely to outright cut production, the kingdom may not be in a rush to come to the rescue either Saudi Arabia could decide to slow-walk future output hikes And it's not like the United States can quickly compensate for sidelined Iranian barrels The US shale oil boom has been slowed a bit in recent months by infrastructure constraints The Permian Basin grew so quickly that the West Texas shale oilfield is now running out of pipelinesto carry crude to refineries Bottlenecks are expected to persist until the second half of 2019 when new pipelines come online Against this backdrop, crude oil prices spiked late this summer before cooling off last week when the US stock market plunged US oil prices dropped below $70 a barrel on Wednesday for the first time in four weeks How low will Iran go? The biggest X-factor remains Iran Oil traders are awaiting details from the Trump administration on potential waivers that would allow countries to continue buying at least some oil from Iran Trump has taken a tough stance against Iran John Bolton, Trump's national security adviser, previously said the goal is to get Iran's oil exports down to "zero" by November On the other hand, Trump could opt to take a middle ground in an effort to prevent oil and gasoline prices spiking ahead of the midterm elections Iran, the world's fifth biggest oil producer, exported about 2.5 million barrels of oil per day during the first half of 2018 However, Iran's customers began cutting their orders after Trump announced in May that sanctions would be re-imposed Daily exports dipped to 2.3 million barrels in July and eventually slumped to around 1.6 million in September, according to estimates from Societe Generale US-China trade war complicates things All told, Iran's shipments are believed to have dropped by about 900,000 barrels per day But analysts widely expect that number will grow as the November deadline approaches Wittner recently upgraded his estimate of Iran oil export losses to 1.7 million barrels "In the end, the impact could be higher, or it could be lower," Wittner wrote Still, the concerns about Iran were enough for the oil analyst to ramp up his early 2019 target on US oil prices to $77 a barrel Much will depend on how China and India, Iran's biggest customers, react China has a voracious appetite for crude It's the biggest oil importer in the world And Beijing and Washington are squared off in a trade war that shows no sign of letting up "The jury is still out on China's official stance," said Bjornar Tonhaugen, head of oil markets at Rystad Energy How much firepower does Saudi Arabia have? Trump has repeatedly blasted OPEC over high oil prices and urged the group to pump more But OPEC may not have much flexibility to respond OPEC's spare capacity, production that can quickly be brought online and sustained, is just 1.4 million barrels, the lowest since December 2016, according to the US Energy Information Administration Most of that firepower comes from Saudi Arabia, but the kingdom is already producing a near-record 10.5 million barrels per day, according to OPEC That's up from around 9.9 million barrels in the first quarter Saudi Arabia claims it could take production up to around 12 million barrels per day, but that remains untested And such a ramp-up could take time "We just have a difficult time believing the Saudis can ramp up production meaningfully in the next 30 days on a sustainable basis," said Michael Tran, director of global energy strategy at RBC Capital Iraq, Nigeria and Libya have all stepped up by increasing output in recent months But these hotspots are vulnerable to bouts of instability that sidelines output "We don't think that's sustainable Things always fall apart there," said Tran All of this raises the stakes when it comes to sanctions on Iran The oil market appears to have little room for error right now ... 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