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1 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION HO CHI MINH NATIONAL AND TRAINING ACADEMY OF POLITICS ACADEMY OF JOURNALISM AND COMMUNICATION DAO THU HIEN EDUCATING THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FOR STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITIES IN HA NOI TODAY Major Code : Politics, Ideological work : 31 02 01 SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS ON POLITICS HA NOI – 2019 Works completed at ACADEMY OF JOURNALISM AND COMMUNICATION Advisor: Associate Professor Ph.D Pham Huy Ky Academy of Journalism and Communication Reviewer 1: Reviewer 2: Reviewer 3: Thesis is reported at Graduation Council of the Academy, In Ha Noi Academy of Journalism and Communication at hour month date year 2018 Study on the thesis at National Library, Library of Academy of Journalism and Communication – Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics LIST OF PUBLISHED SCIENTIFIC WORKS Dao Thu Hien (2019), Educating the awareness of environmental protection for current students - Current situation and proposing some solutions, Education Management Journal, ISSN 1859-2910, number of February 2019 Dao Thu Hien (2018), Strengthening education of environmental conciousness in order to actively respond to the current non-traditional security challenge in our country, Scientific research topic at unniversity level, 26-KHCN /DHTL, Water Resources University Dao Thu Hien (2017), Applying the principles of materialist dialectical methodology in defining the method of dealing with situations of ideological work when environmental hotspots arise, Journal of Political Theory and Communication , ISSN 1859-1485, March 3-2017 Dao Thu Hien (2017), Education of Environmental Consciousness with the Assurance of Non-Traditional Security in Vietnam, Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hue University (Hue University Journal of Science: Social Sciences and Humanity), ISSN 2588-1213, Vol 126, No 6B (2017) Dao Thu Hien (2017), Integrating the content of environmental awareness education in the training of current officers, The Proceedings of the National Scientific Conference "Training and fostering cadres in the current stage" Dao Thu Hien (2017), Meaning of handling environmental hotspots in the Party's ideological work, Proceedings of Annual Scientific Conference, Water Resources University, November 2017 Dao Thu Hien (2015), Strengthen political enthusiasm for political lecturers in the current situation, Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Science, ISSN1859-30941, No 49 (6/2015) Dao Thu Hien (2014), Some Measures to Improve Legal Awareness for Young Students in the Current Period, Journal of Education, ISSN 21896 0866 7476, July 2014 Dao Thu Hien (2014), The continuation of the good ethical traditions of the nation in the current ethical sense of Vietnamese students, Journal of Political Reasoning and Communication, ISSN 1859-1485, No May 5-14 HEADING Urgency of research topic Thought education is an important component of ideological work In each period of the nation, the practice poses the requirements and tasks of ideological education with specific characteristics, the educational content has changed to suit the conditions of social development The renovation process to develop the country now requires the content of ideological education very rich, including the educational content about consciousness of environmental protection (CEP) - an issue both current and urgent not only in Vietnam but also in the world Currently, environmental pollution and climate change are becoming a great challenge for all mankind in general and Vietnam in particular Climate change seriously affects every aspect of human life; comprehensively changing the global development and security process such as food security, water security, energy security, ; affecting social, cultural, diplomatic and commercial safety issues in countries Vietnam is identified by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) as one of five countries that are and will be most affected by climate change The gloomy picture of ecological environment in our country as well as in the world recently reflects the lack of responsibility for nature In order to formulate and develop CEP, we need to improve education on consciousness of environmental protection (ECEP) This is considered an important and long-term political task; need the right and consistent orientation of the Party and the State and the whole of society However, during the past long time, the propaganda to raise awareness and adjusting behavior, the attitude of human behavior in the process of exploiting and using natural resources has not been given adequate attention ECEP for all classes of people, especially education for the younger generation on this issue has great significance The young generation, including young students, is a social unit that is always interested in training and retraining by our Party in order to promote the role of youths on all fronts in construction and security national defense ECEP for students in universities has important implications not only for the comprehensive education of the new generation, but also can spread the meaning of education to the whole society in responding to climate change and protecting natural resources Hanoi is an economic, political and cultural center of the country, but is facing many serious challenges due to environmental pollution In the face of pressing requirements of practice, the education and training work of schools in general and universities in Hanoi in particular need to have more innovations, focusing on ECEP in order to form positive human generations who know how to live responsibly to the environment ECEP for students in Hanoi in recent years has been initially interested in and achieved certain results However, CEP of the students still have many limitations, clearly reflecting the fact that ECEP for students in Hanoi currently has many shortcomings The process of ECEP for students faces many difficulties, so the effectiveness of the education and training is not high Regardless, no matter what, ECEP cannot be delayed in the current context Research on ECEP for students in Hanoi in particular and across the country in general is very important for finding solutions to overcome all difficulties to improve efficiency ECEP for our students, contributing to building an active social force in the field of environmental protection, actively responding to climate change There are very few in-depth studies on ECEP for students Especially ECEP for students in Hanoi according to the approach of ideological science, many contents need to be studied seriously and comprehensively in both theory and practice see, to further clarify the position and role of ECEP for students in the current ideological work Therefore, the author chose the issue of "Educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students of universities in Hanoi today" as the research topic of the thesis Purposes, research tasks 2.1.Purposes The research thesis clarifies the theoretical basis of ECEP for undergraduate students Based on that, to study and evaluate the current situation of CEP and current status of ECEP for students in Hanoi At the same time, to propose some orientations and solutions to enhance the ECEP for students has responded to the demands of the Vietnamese people in the modern age 2.2 Research tasks In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the dissertation author needs to perform the following tasks: + An overview of published scientific works at home and abroad related to research topics + To systematize and analyze some theoretical issues on ECEP for students, the importance of theECEP for students in the context of current climate change + Studying and analyzing the current status and causes of the current status of ECEP for students and teachers of students in universities in HaNoi (survey of representative universities in Hanoi) + Propose some orientations and solutions to enhance the ECEP for students in our country today Subjects and scope of research - Research subjects The thesis focuses on researching the current situation of the ECEP for students of universities in Hanoi - Research scope + The research scope of the dissertation is limited to the following contents: ECEP for students of universities in Hanoi + Participants in the survey: Officials and regular students of representative universities in Hanoi (Water resources University, Academy of Education management, Financial Academy, Military Technical Academy, Academy of Journalism and Communication, University of Business and Technology Ha Noi) These are the universities representing the training disciplines: engineering, economics, management science, social sciences, humanities and military; It also represents the public and non-public sectors civilian divisions and armed forces + In terms of time, the data used in the dissertation surveyed from the school year 2013-2014 to present The time of the survey from the time the thesis began was implemented to obtain updated data In addition, the thesis also uses additional materials collected in the last 10 years from 2008 to 2018 to universities Rationale, practice and research methodology 4.1 Rationale The theoretical basis of the thesis is the theory of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh's thought, the Party's views, the State's policies and laws on ideological education for students mobilize youth students and environmental education for students At the same time, the dissertation is also based on research results of domestic and foreign scientific works on environmental education and education for raising awareness as well as skills for human participation in protecting natural resources , actively respond to climate change 4.2 Practical basis The practical basis of the dissertation is the current situation of ECEP for students in universities in Hanoi now through the data of universities, data of the Hanoi Party Committee, data of the Youth Union Hanoi, Hanoi Student Association, sociological survey data of the author; The reports summarizing the educational activities of environmental protection consciousness for students in universities in the area of Hanoi today 4.3 Research methodology Methodology: The thesis is based on the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism Specific research methods: The thesis uses historical - logical methods, analysis and synthesis, statistics, document research, social investigation methods, expert interview methods New contributions of the thesis Firstly, in the process of analyzing the theoretical issues of ECEP for students under the perspective of science and thought, the thesis has focused on clarifying the basic concepts (EC, EEC), the structure of CEP, ECEP At the same time, the thesis points out the necessity of ECEP for students in the context of current climate change Secondly, on the basis of surveying the status of ECEP and training for students of universities in Hanoi, the thesis assesses the achievements and limitations of the educational process, thereby generalizing the issues raised with ECEP for students in the current period Thirdly, the thesis proposes four orientations of activities of ECEP for students and the scientific explanation of the five groups of solutions feasible to improve the effectiveness of ECEP for students of universities in Hanoi today Theoretical and practical meanings of the thesis The research results of the thesis contribute to providing a scientific basis, developing a theoretical framework of structure of ECEP for university students, orienting the process of ECEP with continuity from high school to college Since then, the dissertation can serve as reference materials for research and teaching at institutes, universities and colleges throughout the country In addition, the thesis has a meaning to contribute to the development of orientation, policies, programs of education, propaganda, and building training content to raise awareness and form the positive in practical activities of students with the task of protecting environment, actively responding to climate change Structure of the thesis The dissertation includes: chapters (12 periods), conclusions, list of research works of the author, list of references and appendices Chapter RESEARCH OVERVIEW 1.1 Studies on ideological education and ideological education for youth and students 1.1.1 Studies on education and ideological education Thought work has a particularly important position in the Party's activities The book "About the work of thought" - Ho Chi Minh, Publisher of Truth in 1985, gathered his speeches and articles, is an example of the theory and method of Marxist-Leninist thought fluently, suitable in Vietnam The book "Collection of Dao Duy Tung" consists of volumes, National Political Publishing House 2001 is a project reflecting many great contributions of Mr Dao Duy Tung in the field of politics, ideology, with a system of valuable perspectives treatment orientation for thought "Theoretical foundations of the Communist Party of Vietnam" (monograph) by Luong Khac Hieu, Political Theory Publishing House, 2017, provides an important theoretical basis for research thesis In the period of national renewal, many research projects confirmed that the task of renovation of ideological work to suit the objective reality A report like the study by Pham Tat Thang, the editor of the book "Innovating ideological and theoretical work for the cause of national construction and defense" by Publishing House National Politics - Truth in 2010; Tran Trong Tan (2005), About ideological work - Culture, Publisher National politics; Tran Thi Anh Dao (2009), Thoughtful work in the cause of national industrialization and modernization, Publishing House National politics; Pham Huy Ky (2009), "Types of propaganda and standards for evaluating the effectiveness of different types of propaganda", Journal of Political Theory and Communication, (10); Pham Huy Ky (2010), "The ideological work in our country before the new requirement, the journal Political and traditional theory”, (4) 1.1.2 Studies on ideological education for young people, students Education is a special activity that plays an important role in the development of human society The book "Ho Chi Minh's thought about education" collected by Dao Thanh Hai and Minh Tien, Labor Publishing House in 2005, brings together all the talks, articles, letters of Ho Chi Minh to teachers education, students, students, expressing a lucid vision of him about educational work If "Education" by Pham Viet Vuong author, National University Publishing House generalized general issues of the teacher education and consideration of education as a science of human education Thought education is an integral part of ideological work The book "The theoretical basis of the Communist Party of Vietnam" by Luong Khac Hieu (2017) and the book "Theoretical foundations of work thought” by Pham Huy Ky (2016) highlighted the important position, basic content, ideological elements of ideological education The ideological education in the ideological work of the Communist Party of Vietnam is to educate the socialist ideology, to make the ideology of the working class dominate in the social spiritual life, to promote positivity politics - society Youth work with the task of "Fostering the revolutionary generation for the next life is very important", which has great significance for the revolutionary cause of the Party and the whole nation In the book "Kark Marx, Friederich Engels, Vladimir Ilish Lenin discussing education", Education Publishing House, 1984, collected by the author Ha The Ngu, Bui Duc Thiep, synthesized the views of the Classicists Mark about education and promote the strength of youth and students The book "Understanding Ho Chi Minh's Thought about Youth Campaign" by Van Tung, Youth Publishing House in 2000 is a research project that clearly shows the position and role of youth work The author affirmed: Ho Chi Minh's thought about mobilizing young people will forever be the torch to guide the youth and youth movement with profound revolutionary and scientific points to be applied through the Different revolutionary periods The author Vu Mao is a researcher on youth work, there are many valuable works oriented for this activity such as: "About the current youth education", Publishing House of Truth, 1984; "Youth with career to protect Fatherland security", Publishing House of Public Security, 1984; "Improving the effectiveness of youth work", Youth Publishing House, 1984 1.2 Studies on the environment and the consciousness of environmental protection 1.2.1 Studies on environment and environmental protection 1.2.1.1 Some foreign studies on environment and environmental protection The UN conventions, international agreements and treaties since the end of the twentieth century have clearly shown the interest of scientists and leaders of countries around the world on the environmental crisis in the post-industrial stage Many early research projects in the 21st century clearly pointed out the current and future picture of humanity associated with scenarios of sea level rise and climate change: Basic research of the French Development Agency (AFD -Agence France Development) "AFD and climate change, harmonization between development and climate" (2009) analyzed climate as the common property of the world, financial instruments against climate change In addition, many studies by US, European and Asian authors discuss this issue: Solutions for climate change challenges in the built environment / Ed: Colin A.Booth, Felix N.Hammond, Jessica E.Lamond , David G.Proverbs - Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012; Museum & cultural heritage facing weather change: International conference, 2013, H: Social science publish; The handbook of global climate and environment policy / Ed : Robert Falkner- Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2013; "Ancounting for health of climate change" - Mandaluyong City: Asia Development Bank 1.2.1.2 Some domestic research on the environment and environmental protection a) Studies on the environment and the impact of environmental degradation and climate change on Vietnamese people's social life People, society and nature always have a dialectical unified relationship with each other and are subject to certain common laws of the physical world Based on the awareness of scientific materialism, author Do Thi Ngoc Lan in the book "Natural environment in human life activities" (2013); author Tran Le Bao editor of the book "Ecological culture humanities" (2001); Le Thanh Van in the book "People and the environment" (2012) analyzed the role of environment with human life and the ability of human impact to nature Many studies have generalized and explained about pollution and climate change; reality, causes and effects of pollution, climate change in the modern period Typically: "A number of issues on pollution and land degradation in Vietnam today" by Nguyen Quoc Hung (2010); Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (2012), Climate change scenarios, sea level rise for Vietnam, b) Studies on environmental protection in Vietnam Environmental protection, proactive response to climate change are the responsibility of all countries and all citizens around the world Vietnam is well aware of the task of protecting the environment, first of all, it must raise environmental protection for people Many research projects have been implemented, such as: the basic survey project of Vu Dung in collaboration with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences to implement "Evaluation of religion environmental virtue in our country today” (2010); book "Proactively responding to climate change, promoting the protection of environmental resources Some theoretical and practical issues” of the Scientific Council of Central Party agencies (2013); "Environmental ethics" by author Nguyen Duc Khiem, Nguyen Kim Hoang (2011); "Improving the effectiveness of state management on the environment" Nguyen Thi Thom, An Nhu Hai (2011) 1.2.2 Studies on consciousness of environmental protection 1.2.2.1 Some foreign studies on the consciousness of environmental protection The first study on ethical ethics, from the 60s of the twentieth century, helps us understand certain content about YTBVMT such as: "The Land of Ethics" in A sand County Almanac, by Aldo Leopold, New York At the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century, studies of environmental morality in the world were popular and quite developed The basic theoretical issues of environmental morality have been pointed out Typical research: The animal rights, environmental ethics debate: The environmental perspective / Eugene C Hargrove - New York: State university of New York, 1992 Recent research works, when addressing the issue of environmental ethics, are linked to the reality of climate change Author Peter S.Wenz, a researcher from the University of Illinois (USA) published the book: "Environmental Ethics Today", 2001 Joshua W.Busby, University of Texas - Austin (2009) 1.2.2.2 Some domestic research on consciousness of environmental protection a) The consciousness of environmental protection is approached through environmental ethics research Some big projects and researches on ethical ethics not only highlight the situation and causes of current environmental issues, but also emphasize people's awareness, attitudes and 10 behaviors to environmental issues: The first ministerial-level research project on ethical ethics in our country is "Environmental Ethics - A number of theoretical issues and world experiences", the project leader Nguyen Van Phuc carried out in years from 2009 to 2010; The basic survey project "Evaluation of environmental ethics in our country today" by project leader Vu Dung, Ministry of Natural Resources and MT assigned to Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences for years 2009-2010; "Ecological Ethics and Ecological Ethics Education" by author Vu Trong Dung in 2009; The researches on ethical ethics help us see: the ethical ethics (or ecological ethics) is an area of social morality, increasingly contribute to adding criteria to assess people's morality in modern society; have a unified relationship with the CEP b) The consciousness of environmental protection is approached through the study of human behavioral culture with nature The cultural tradition of Vietnamese people is a tradition of "harmony with nature" In the history of traditional culture of the Vietnamese people, through myths, legends, customs and practices, we see the sense of human attachment to nature is quite bold This content is reflected in the study of the author Pham Thanh Nghi (editor) (2005), "Enhancing community ecology consciousness for sustainable development goals"; Tran Le Bao (editor) (2001), "Ecological culture - humanities"; Pham Van Boong (2002), "Ecological Consciousness and Sustainable Development Issues"; Today, in Vietnam, ecological culture is transformed We need to build the value of "natural culture" in the period of promoting industrialization and modernization of the country According to the author Chu Khac Thu - Nguyen Van Thu (editor), "Culture and lifestyle with the environment", although science and technology developed rapidly, the nature and conditions for life and life living human culture still needs nature, need ecological clean, stable and sustainable c) The sense of environmental protection is approached through the study of ecological consciousness Before the requirements of ecological ecological protection, a number of research projects in Vietnam have mentioned and analyzed the issue of ecological consciousness quite deeply, thereby finding out the basic causes and solutions for the current ecological environment now on Book "Ecological Culture - Humanities" by author Tran Le Bao Chu (2001); The book "Ecological Consciousness and Sustainable Development" by Pham Van Bo published in 2002 The commentaries of the scientists have become valuable guidelines for the author to continue doing research save the topic of the thesis 1.3 Studies on educating the consciousness of environmental protection and educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students 1.3.1 Studies on educating the consciousness of environmental protection 1.3.1.1 The issue of educating the consciousness of environmental protection is accessed through research on environmental moral education, ecological ethics education Many researchers on MT ethics have affirmed: the issue of protecting life is the responsibility of every person, every nation and all humanity, need to build a proper standard system to regulate behavior, attitude of human behavior with nature, consider it as a standard to assess people Author Vu Trong Dung in the book "Ecological Ethics and Ecological Ethics Education" on the basis of analyzing the current status of ecological 12 1.4.1 Research results have been achieved Firstly, the research works related to the topic have pointed out the position and role of ideological work in the Party's activities, at the same time clarifying the necessity and the requirement to reform private works thought in the new era In order to successfully carry out many important tasks, including the task of environmental protection , our Party always emphasizes the role of the young generation, students Secondly, the studies analyze dialectical relationships between people and nature, indicating that people are the main cause of pollution and environmental degradation and climate change is more serious today Environmental protection is extremely urgent ECEP to improve CEP for people is important in all environmental protection action programs Third, all practical activities of human beings are based on the influence of human consciousness CEP plays an important role in the orientation of environmental protection activities to ensure sustainable social development CEP has been approached at different angles as a basis for interpreting the concept of CEP in thesis Fourthly, the research works show the role and importance of ECEP through different approaches (the approach of philosophy, education, ethics) Besides, the research projects always affirm the propaganda and ECEP for the people is the leading solution in the system of environmental protection solutions Fifthly, ECEP for students is an important content in the current generation education, when global degradation and climate change are becoming more and more unpredictable Although the role of ECEP for young students has been realized, education has been implemented in practice with certain forms, but the results are not high Current ECEP for students are still limited The research on ECEP for students, especially students in universities in Hanoi in the perspective of approaching science and thought is still fuzzy 1.4.2 Issues of the thesis need to continue research on education of environmental protection awareness for students Through the process of synthesizing and systematizing research groups at home and abroad related to the topic, the thesis will inherit the achieved results, study the issues of ECEP according to the scientific approach ideological work, clarifying issues: Firstly, the thesis needs to study the basic concepts, positions and roles of ECEP for students according to the approach of science and thought From that orientation, the thesis needs to analyze the inner function, the structure of the basic concepts, and distinguish them from concepts close to them to see the characteristics of the approach The thesis confirms the position of the CEP in the current ideological life Secondly, the dissertation analyzes the factors that impact on ECEP and survey the status of ECEP for current students With this orientation, research will clarify certain characteristics of university students in Hanoi with environmental protection Thirdly, from the survey results, the dissertation assesses the advantages and limitations of the status of ECEP and the causes of the situation, the problems posed in ECEP for university students in Hanoi today Fourthly, the dissertation studies and proposes a number of views and solutions to strengthen ECEP for university students in Hanoi today Orientations and solutions are not 13 only suitable for educational objects but also in accordance with educational conditions, and must be systematic and comprehensive Summary of study overview Through the systematization of domestic and foreign research works related to the issue of ECEP for students, ECEP students is a necessity Objective in the context of environmental degradation and climate change is increasingly serious Although many works have contributed to clarifying certain contents of theory and practice, there is still a need for a systematic and in-depth study of the subject, clarified physically Assess and evaluate the current state of environmental protection education for students of universities in Hanoi, then propose appropriate solutions to raise the CEP for students Therefore, it is necessary to have an in-depth analysis of ECEP for university students in Hanoi as the basis for guiding the development of guidelines and policies in education The young generation of capital in front of the requirements of sustainable development in the future Chapter THEORETICAL ISSUES ON EDUCATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION KNOWLEDGE FOR CURRENT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS 2.1 Consciousness of environmental protection and educating consciousness of environmental protection for students 2.1.1 Environmental consciousness 2.1.1.1 Concepts of consciousness, environment, environmental protection and environmental protection consciousness - Human consciousness is a very wide category, the object of research of many different sciences such as psychology, philosophy, law, literature, economics, art, ethics, All psychological states, all forms of human activity are manifest and governed by consciousness Each area of research clarifies the characteristics of human mental consciousness in different aspects The structure of consciousness basically consists of: Knowledge, affection, belief, value, will The role of consciousness manifests when people have positive needs, motives, goals, beliefs, ideals that form on the basis of proper awareness of the world, creating spiritual motivation from within the urge willing will act positively - Environment is the overall system of natural and artificial elements that play a decisive role directly or affect people's lives, activities and development in certain historical periods Between environment and human social development there is a dialectical relationship with each other Environment is a geographical area that creates conditions for human activities to take place and at the same time is subject to human impact - Environmental protection is the process of protecting and rational exploitation of natural resources; prevent and overcome adverse impacts of environmental degradation; preserving living standards to ensure human development 14 - The CEP is a true reflection of environmental issues and the relationship between people and people on the basis of scientific awareness, positve sentiments, strong beliefs and will, behavior following a standard value system to realize the sustainable development goals of people 2.1.1.2 Structure of consciousness of environmental protection The CEP is a part of human consciousness, has a complex structure, and also includes many levels of reflection, depending on many factors and different conceptual approaches Based on the mode of existence, the CEP includes basic elements: knowledge of environmental issues; affection for environment; belief in practical ability in environmental protection; system of standard values of environment and will in action of environmental protection 2.1.2 Educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students 2.1.2.1 College students and student characteristics - In Vietnam, students are students studying at colleges and universities of the national education system Students are young intellectuals who are a part of the progressive youth in society, a social group with a special position that needs to be valued - The characteristics of psychology, level, age, ability, quality, social shows that students are social parts that have many advantages and certain limitations, which deserve to be concerned appropriate mind and orientation to promote their role 2.1.2.2 Education and educating the consciousness of environmental protection education for students Education is the process of impacting to shape the personality for the young generation according to social purposes, this process is carried out by important paths: Education through teaching; Education through organizing rich and diverse activities; Education through group activities; Education through self-cultivation ECEP for students is the process of having the purpose of educating the subject with content, methods, forms and means to equip scientific knowledge, emotional orientation, build beliefs and willingness to protect environment, aiming at building an environmental culture ECEP for students has differences compared to education for high school students and other social sections ECEP for students is different from general education ECEP for students has both in common and difference with worldview education, political and ideological education, legal education, moral education, economic education, aesthetic education in their work thought 2.2 Structure of educational activities of environmental protection consciousness for students 2.2.1 Subjects and objects of educating environmental protection consciousness for university students 2.2.1.1 The subject of educating environmental protection consciousness for students The subject of ECEP for students consis of: Firstly, the Party Committee, the School Board, the School Council, the Secretary of the Party Committee at the universities and institutes are the subjects of leadership, direction and management 15 Secondly, the subject has the role of advising the school leaders in coordinating with the units that have the task of directly implementing the ECEP for university students: Leaders of the departments, faculties, lecturers, especially the staff of the units managing the learning and activities of students in the universities such as the Department of Political and Student Management; Cadres of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union and Student Association; cadres dormitory management; Heads of student clubs, student groups Thirdly, the subject of ECEP is also the students themselves with the ability to selfeducate and self-train 2.2.1.2 The object of educating the sense of environmental protection for students The subjects of ECEP for students are university students But apart from a specific field of ECEP for students, it is the self-conscious life of students themselves on environmental issues The conscious life of students is subject to the impact of the ECEP subject The students' conscious life on environment includes awareness, emotions, beliefs, standard values, willpower It is reflected in their practical activities with environmental protection The educational process for students has a constant impact on the elements of consciousness, in order to form CEP 2.2.2 Purpose, content of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students 2.2.2.1 Purpose of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students The purpose of ECEP of students is to shape and develop the environmental consciousness of this important social role The goal of educating the sense of environmental protection towards students is: from achieving the spiritual goal, it also makes the student transform in practical action in the most positive and contribute not less to environmental protection 2.2.2.2 The content of educating the sense of environmental protection for students First, students need to be educated in order to understand the ecosystem and mechanisms of the ecosystem; the role and function of the environment Secondly, students need to be educated in order to be aware of the current situation of environmental pollution in the development conditions of our country and the world today; understand the underlying causes and consequences of environmental pollution, climate change Third, students need to be educated about the values that are relevant to the times of nature Fourth, students need to grasp the guidelines and basic policies of the Party and State law on environmental issues 2.2.3 Forms and methods of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students 2.2.3.1 A form of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students The first is ECEP for students in the form of classroom teaching This form is associated with the organization of specialized training classes and classes 16 The second is ECEP for students in the form of organizing extracurricular activities such as organizing annual seminars for students of universities, organizing shows, competitions, visiting and field activities, Movie screening on MT science The third is the form of ECEP for students through collective activities such as activities of volunteering activities, establishing student clubs for students with various programs of action, establishing forums exchanging students' environmental issues (including popular forums on the internet, groups on social networks), cultural and arts activities with the theme of camps, camps on the topic of environmental protection, parade, painting, drawing on the theme of environmental protection, Associated with this form is the use of media capable of widely affecting students such as panels, posters, slogans, leaflets, brochures, radio and television news reports designed by a number of universities 2.2.3.2 Methods of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students Based on the use of educational facilities, the methods of ECEP for students include: First, verbal methods to influence students, including a monologue and method of dialogue Method of monologue (method of presentation, method of teaching, method of preaching, ) Dialogue method (question and answer method, group discussion method, method of raising problems, methods of debate, ) Secondly, the visual method is the impact of the subject to the students through the use of visual means such as an impressive means of creating images and sounds (movies, paintings, panels, posters, songs, songs, ); printing facilities (books, newspapers, magazines, leaflets, announcements, ); symbolic means (diagrams, statistics tables, figures, charts, ) Third, practical methods through voluntary student movement activities; Actual visits to get access to production models in many localities, contact with different groups of occupational objects in diverse working areas; practically observe and measure environmental parameters; Summarizing advanced portrait study, 2.2.4 Means of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students Means of environmental education for students divided into two groups: - Direct impact means include visual vehicles (such as: uniform cap, emblem flag, color, light, decorated bicycle to march to protect MT, )and words (persuasive words in the teaching, attractive speeches of speakers, urging calls, ) - Indirect means of communication include technical means operating in small areas (loudspeakers, projectors, recorders, video recorders, ) and media (radio, television, social networks, electronic newspapers, print media, etc.) 2.2.5 The effect of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students Efficient ECEP for students if considered according to the field of impact, including: mental efficiency and practical effectiveness Spiritual efficiency is measured by changes in student life (knowledge, emotions, beliefs, etc.) Practical effects must be achieved on the 17 basis of high spiritual efficiency, positive social motivation, motivation and self-discipline that new students change their behaviors, habits and life style 2.3 The need of educating environmental protection consciousness for students today 2.3.1 Coming from the position and role of youth - students in the cause of national construction and development The great revolutionary career of the Party and our people is always associated with the process of caring for the youth In particular, the task of education for the young generation and students has great significance, being a positive factor, creating a driving force to strongly promote the social progress The effectiveness of this work contributes to many victories of ideological work, as well as fulfilling the great goals of the cause of national construction and defense ECEP for young people and students as an ideological activity, therefore, is closely linked to important political tasks and purposes ECEP is a process to form and affirm cultural qualities, good personality in students in relation to nature and also a process to help students become aware and capable in fight with the tendencies to disseminate propaganda about the environment In fact, taking advantage of some environmental uncertainties that have occurred in our country in recent years, reactionary subjects attacked and propagated with many content of exaggeration, distorting, counteracting, counteracting culture, anti-culture to stimulate youth, cause confusion, fluctuation, reduce confidence among young people and the whole people about the orientation, guidelines and policies of the Party and State for environmental protection Therefore, education and training for students contributes positively to affirm the correctness and science of environmental propaganda activities according to the Party's orientation ECEP for students will have a close relationship with other educational contents in ideological work, helping young students not only have a high level of education, but also a strong political school, responsibility to the community and the sustainable development of the future of humanity 2.3.2 Coming from the important role of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students today Firstly, ECEP for students contributes to building and perfecting the personality of young intellectuals in the new era Secondly, ECEP for students is a method of adjusting specific behavior, contributing to increase the effectiveness of implementing environmental protection laws Thirdly, ECEP for students contributes to create a foundation for implementing many environmental protection solutions Fourth, ECEP for students creates an important basis for promoting the process of ecological production as the foundation for sustainable development Fifth, ECEP for students contributes to actively responding to the non-traditional security challenge in our country Summary of chapter Under the urgent requirements of the reality of environmental degradation in the process of accelerating industrialization and modernization is affecting more and more, ECEP for students is an important content of youth work, so it is an indispensable part of 18 the current ideological work to raise awareness, attitudes and behaviors of young students in environmental protection ECEP for students consists of basic elements: the subject of education, the object of education, purpose, content, form, method and means to work closely together on the basis of certain educational conditions in order to achieve high efficiency; contribute to the education of the younger generation in the new age ECEP for students is of great importance and significance to the educational cause and development process of the country Chapter REALITY AND PROBLEMS CONCERNING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITIES IN HANOI 3.1 Factors affecting the education of environmental consciousness for students of universities in Hanoi today 3.1.1 Hanoi's economy - society and environment in the period of accelerating industrialization and modernization impact on education of environmental consciousness for students 3.1.1.1 Natural, socio-economic characteristics of Hanoi - Geographical position, natural characteristics, climate, population: Hanoi Capital is located in the center of the Red River Delta, with many advantages in natural conditions and resources for economic development society and culture Since August 1, 2008, Hanoi has expanded its administrative boundaries, becoming the second largest administrative unit in Vietnam, the population as of 2015 is about 7.6 million people - the second largest in the country (after Ho Chi Minh City) The highest population density in the country: 3490 people / km2 - Characteristics of socio-economic activities of Hanoi: Along with the process of strong socio-economic development, the speed of urbanization is rapid, industry and handicrafts increase rapidly Hanoi is now considered a "great site" With the management and supervision of many weak areas, in the face of heavy pressure by a very high population growth rate, Hanoi is increasingly faced with the challenge of heavy pollution (air and soil pollution) , water, noise, radiation, ) 3.1.1.2 Environmental conditions in Hanoi today Hanoi is the city with the highest rate of pollution and violations of environmental laws in the country, greatly affecting all aspects of development The situation of pollution is taking place quite seriously in almost all areas, on the one hand there is a warning bell for everyone, causing us to not help but worry, delay in protecting the environment - Air pollution due to industrial dust and smoke, the emissions of vehicles are alarming; Concentration of suspended dust in urban districts exceeded 2-3 times - Pollution of water and land: most of the rivers around Hanoi have been polluted by industrial wastewater and untreated domestic wastewater According to calculations, about 850 tons of industrial waste is generated every day in Hanoi, which will increase from 3-5% 19 per year; The toxic chemicals are abused abused in agriculture also cause many unpredictable risks - Noise pollution and electromagnetic radiation have been potential risks for the environment and public health in Hanoi 3.1.2 The process of international integration and the development of science and technology affects the education of environmental consciousness for students - The trend of globalization and international integration has become more and more important, creating opportunities for economic development and many other aspects of social life, while facilitating peacekeeping and environmental protection, and deal with global climate change On the other hand, in this trend, it is not ruled out that the big country takes advantage of the link to cause dominant intervention with the dependent poor country, thereby causing conflict, war, poverty and hindering the resolution process addressing current environmental and climate issues - The development of science, technology and technology has a two-sided impact on the process of ECEP for students today, while facilitating the propaganda and education, but also poses many new challenges to the environmental protection and and ECEP Because of the location, the ability to exploit natural resources is extremely easy to make nature more and more impoverished With modern media, content of ECEP is transmitted conveniently, quickly and diversified, but it is also easy to take advantage to serve the purpose of reactionary forces and impact significantly on the ideological life year - student 3.1.3 The basic characteristics of universities and students in Hanoi today affect the process of educating the consciousness of environmental protection 3.1.3.1 Basic characteristics of universities in Hanoi today Firstly, universities in Hanoi now have a remarkable change in the general trend of the world: massification, marketization, diversification and internationalization Secondly, the development of the university network in Hanoi now aims to meet the demand for high quality human resources, serving the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country Thirdly, higher education is currently trying to truly and comprehensively innovate under the Government's Resolution No 14/2005 / NQ-CP on "Basic and comprehensive innovation of Vietnamese higher education in the period." 2006-2020 ” 3.1.3.2 Basic characteristics of students in Hanoi First, students in Hanoi are becoming more active, positive, and creative than before Secondly, most university students in Hanoi must regularly make efforts to overcome many difficulties in terms of studying and living in urban areas Thirdly, students are those who have never experienced the struggle, sacrifice, and loss of the nation, and at the same time most of them have not undergone the practice of hard labor so they lack experience and capital 3.2 Current situation and causes of the current status of educating consciousness of environmental protection for students in Hanoi today 3.2.1 Achievements and causes in educating the awareness of environmental protection for university students in Hanoi today 3.2.1.1 Achievement in educating the sense of environmental protection for students 20 a) Educational subjects have shown interest and sense of responsibility in educating young generations about the sense of environmental protection at universities - The Party Committee, the School Board, the Chairman of the school council in universities and institutes have been very interested in ECEP for students - The staff of the department, faculty, committee, especially the staff of the Political and Student Management Department, the Youth Union, the Student Association, the Management Board of student dormitories are always aware of responsibility and close contribute positively in the process of ECEP for students - University lecturers constantly improve their knowledge, professional qualifications and skills, integrate the content of ECEP for students through each subject, lesson - University students in Hanoi, as a special subject in the process of self-education, also have a certain contribution to achieving the goal of ECEP b) The content of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students is quite rich, diverse and regularly updated First, the content of education for students today has helped them to have a certain understanding of the ecosystem and the mechanism of the ecosystem; functions and roles of the environment Secondly, the necessary educational content helps students to be aware of the status of environmental pollution in the development conditions of our country and the world is regularly updated Thirdly, the educational content for students about the values of values in dealing with natural environment has been paid attention, oriented them, formed a civilized and economical lifestyle, preserving green living standards - clean - beautiful in personal and community life Fourth, the content of education on the views, orientations, guidelines and policies of the Party, the law on environmental protection of the State has been integrated in many educational activities for students at universities c) Forms and methods of educating environmental protection consciousness for students in Hanoi - The form of educating environmental protection for students of universities in Hanoi is quite diverse Firstly, ECEP provides students with education in the classroom and integrates into teaching This is considered a suitable and easily applicable form in most areas of university teaching In addition to the subjects in environmental studies in the major, most students are able to grasp the content of ECEP through basic or other subjects Secondly, ECEP for students through organizing extracurricular activities: organizing student scientific research conferences; Olympic competitions at all levels; organize for students to visit the fieldwork with the guidance of teachers; to stage a contest to learn about environment on the occasion of the world anniversary Typically, the contest "Climate change with life" in 9/2017 by the Environmental Magazine in collaboration with the University of Natural Resources and Environment Extracurricular activities are always excited by students to participate 21 Thirdly, ECEP with the form of organizing collective activities for the environment (associated with the voluntary movement and activities of MT clubs) Many universities create conditions for faculties to coordinate with the Youth Union, the Students' Union to organize many exciting activities with a large scale throughout the city and nationwide to attract a large number of students to participate Typically: Gameshow "Capital student with electricity saving" by Hanoi Electricity Corporation in collaboration with Hanoi Youth Union and the 2015 Student-Student Cultural House; "Earth Hour" program; program of student clubs: "Hanoi green - the day of exchanging gifts for gifts", "Nature voice up", "Green dormitory and thrifty practice", "Student with Capital life civilized", - Methods of educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students are quite appropriate and effective The method of using speech has been implemented mainly in the process of ECEP for students through classroom teaching combined with other active teaching methods (presentations combined with discussion methods) group, orientation method to suggest problems, ) Practical methods are mainly used in extracurricular activities, clubs such as: Organizing and orienting students to volunteer; practical tour guide methods, advanced examples of methods Visual methods in ECEP for students are used quite popular in universities such as using panels, pictures, slogans, The method of self-study and self-information searching also brought the most results with the process of ECEP for students d) Means of education of environmental consciousness are increasingly diversified and modern Means of ECEP in the form of teaching in classrooms with adequate and convenient equipment; Library system, lecture halls, dormitories, spacious and modern labs The media system is flexible for the service of the ECEP e) Educating the sense of environmental protection for university students in Hanoi in general is good ECEP for students first shows in the results achieved in comparison with the set goals, specifically the certain changes in students' CEP and actions of the courses from the first year to the last years with a small cost, mainly promoting the voluntariness of students 3.2.1.2 Positive manifestations in the consciousness of environmental protection of students further demonstrate the results of the educational process - The students' environmental knowlege has been improved step by step - Environmenta positive sentiment of students has expressed: love of nature, attention to current environmental issues - Belief in practical ability in environmental protection; enthusiastic, ready to work hard on environmental protection activities (contributing to green - clean the Capital, discover acts and tricks of environmental pollution, propaganda, calling people to protect environment) 22 3.2.1.3 The cause of the achievements in education of environmental awareness education for university students in Hanoi - The Party and State always pay attention to the task of environmental protection, in which there are appropriate orientations for the work of ECEP - The socio-economic situation of Hanoi in particular and the country in general has seen a clear development that has facilitated education - The serious environmental pollution situation in the Capital, in the whole country and in the world has been ringing in a wake-up call, urging the process of ECEP cannot be further delayed - The development of universities is closely associated with the requirements set out in the process of comprehensive education innovation, increasingly in line with the general trend in the integration process, which has created a significant advantage for ECEP - The socio-political organizations of students such as Youth Union, Student Association and other social organizations have promoted the role of orientation and organization of activities for students, making an important contribution in the education and social service for the student - Some conditions of the students themselves are favorable for the process of EPE 3.2.2 Limitations and causes in educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students in Hanoi last time 3.2.2.1 Restrictions in the process of educating environmental protection for university students in Hanoi - Some limitations from the subject of ECEP for students: With the subject of management, the direction and supervision of the educational process is still formal, information oriented, public opinion is still slow and lacking timely, incomplete; For the subjects who are officials and lecturers, they are not really dedicated in education and ECEP for students With the subject being a student, some of you not understand the role of your special subject - Restrictions on contents of ECEP for students: Except for the contents of education for students specialized in environment, the content of education for most other students is simple and lack of depth - Inadequacies in forms, methods, means of ECEP for students at universities in Hanoi today: The form of ECEP for students is now also movement, timing and achievement; The use of educational methods is monotonous, inconsistent and irregular - Means of ECEP for students are inadequate and not synchronized 3.2.2.2 Weakness in the consciousness of environmental protection of a part of students clearly reflects the limitations of the educational process - A part of students still lack of knowledge and awareness about environment - Some students also have emotional expressions, attitude of dealing with environment is not appropriate - A part of students lacks faith and idealism; motivation to participate in environmental protection activities is not clear, not active in action 3.2.2.3 The cause of the limitations and weaknesses in educating the consciousness of environmental protection for students 23 First, the downside of the market economy and the process of industrialization and urbanization with a rapid population growth poses many major challenges for environment and ECEP Secondly, the subject of ECEP is not really enthusiastic and has not promoted all the roles and responsibilities in the process of orientation, management, supervision and organization of ECEP activities Thirdly, the increase in the scale of university training is too fast in a short time, making it difficult to ensure the quality of training in general and the ECEP in particular Fourthly, the forms of ECEP for students are now mainly through extracurricular activities and collective activities, but the activities not occur regularly, but often only in a period, sometimes, sometimes very formal Fifth, some basic causes stemming from the students themselves: this is an important reason leading to the basic limitations of ECEP 3.3 Some issues of environmental consciousness education for students in Hanoi today - The role of the subject of ECEP is very important but the conditions and policies that create the motivation to promote the role of the subject are still limited - Students themselves are both objects and a special subject of ECEP, but in fact they have not promoted their subject role - The content of ECEP for students is quite diverse, but the framework of higher education programs is limited - ECEP for students requires forms, methods and means to be diversified and diversified, but their use in practice is still difficult - ECEP for students requires investment in many aspects, but the conditions guaranteeing educational activities are lacking Summary of chapter Hanoi is the economic, cultural and scientific center of the country It has both favorable conditions and certain difficulties for ECEP for students ECEP for students in Hanoi universities now have gotten certain achievements; but there are still inevitably limits from the adverse effects of market mechanisms and the stagnation of the higher education process itself Therefore, students’ CEP when facing to environmental status despite some changes, but there are still some negative symptoms From the process of analyzing the situation and the causes of the situation of ECEP for students, the thesis has set out a number of issues that need to continue to study and find solutions to further promote the effectiveness of the education process, contributing to the development of Hanoi capital green – civilization – civilized – modern Chapter OPINIONS AND SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTE ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITIES IN HANOI TODAY 24 4.1 Guiding points for environmental awareness education activities for university students in Hanoi - To educate the consciousness of environmental protection for students must stick to the Party's and the State's viewpoints and policies on environment and environmental protection in the new period - To educate the consciousness of environmental protection for university students must be based on the viewpoint of fundamental and comprehensive renewal of the education of our Party and State - To educate the environmental awareness of university’s students must be coordinated between universities and relevant agencies - ECEP for students must coordinate with educating the sense of law on environmental protection in the period of accelerating national industrialization and modernization 4.2 Some major solutions to enhance the education of environmental consciousness for current university students 4.2.1 Group solutions to the subject of educating the sense of environmental protection for students Firstly, strengthening the leadership of grassroots party committees, the role of state management in universities for the ECEP for students Secondly, to raise the professional level of ECEP for university lecturers Third, promote the role of the head of the organization, the role of the management leader and the mass organizations of the university in educating the sense of environmental protection for students 4.2.2 Group solutions to education content of environmental protection awareness for students - To promote dissemination of views, guidelines of the Party, policies and laws of the State on environmental protection and necessary contents for environmental protection for students - To combine educational content on environmental protection awareness for students with internal education ideology, ethics, lifestyle, legal sense, aesthetics, culture - To focus on the content of the chapter on prevention skills, Chú trọng nội dung chương giáo dục kỹ phòng tránh, mitigation of natural disasters; Struggling with the expression of breaking the environmental law 4.2.3 Group solutions to methods, forms, means of education environmental consciousness for students - To attach importance to the integration of environmental protection education through the form of organizing classes and courses suitable to students of each specialized discipline - To build and improve the model of student clubs to develop skills in environmental protection - To propagate and multiply advanced examples in environmental protection for students 25 - To bring into play the role of modern technical means, application of science and technology, new technologies for education activities of environmental protection for university students 4.2.4 Group solutions to the conditions to ensure environmental education activities for students - To create a good educational environment for environmental awareness education, promote positive aspects of environmental awareness in students - To mobilize social capital and use it effectively for environmental education activities for university students - To complete the system of environmental law in order to create favorable conditions for the coordination between environmental law education and environmental education 4.2.5 Group solutions to enhance students’ self-reliance and self-training ability in environmental protection, actively responding to climate change - To build positive motives for environmental protection for students - To encourage students to scientific research and creativity in the field of environmental protection - Promote the role of students on the front of propaganda environmental protection in the community Summary of chapter In recent years, ECEP for students have been interested and achieved some results, but there are still many restrictions Therefore, to further strengthen the educating consciousness of environmental protection for students, we need to focus on four perspectives and five groups of solutions A system of views and solutions based on the basis of scientific reasoning; based on the actual situation assessment of the ECEP for students in universities in Ha Noi and based on factors influencing the process of this education, therefore, it is suitable with the practical conditions of students and conditions of universities in Hanoi The contents of the solutions have been concretized in order to facilitate the process of applying them into reality The process of implementing solutions should be coordinated in a synchronized manner, in order to further improve the effectiveness of education and contribute to the formation of environmental culture of students in universities, today CONCLUSION MARKS Environment protection and actively responding to climate change are important missions in the process of building and developing the country in the direction of sustainability ECEP is the center content, at the same time, it is the first priority for effective environmental protection Therefore, the attention of the Party and State, the strength of the whole people ECEP for students is very meaningful and contribute to the realization of the common goal of education as well as the cause of environmental protection ECEP for students is a new content of the current ideological work and it has some certain characteristics The highest purpose of ECEP for students is to form and develop the environmental consciousness and the ability to carry out strong practical activities in environmental protection, promote creativity, students’ positive, support for training, and 26 training the future generations of highly responsible employees with the environment ECEP for students when approaching from a scientific perspective, ideological thought is systematically examined in a compact body including: content, form, method, means, conditions and effectiveness of educational activities On the basis of thoroughly understanding the orientation of the Party, ECEP for students is taken care by the universities and the academies in Ha Noi Assessing the situation of ECEP for students and students’ environmental consciousness contribute to clarify the advantages and limitations of the educating operation the CEP These are the contradictions to the subject of education, the object of education; conflicts between the requirements of the content and the conditions for implementing the content; contradictions in the process of selecting and applying forms, methods and educational means By evaluating the situation of ECEP for students in the universities, the thesis identifies the four guiding principles and proposes a system of solutions including groups of solutions to improve efficiency of the ECEP for students Among the solutions, The focus on quality improvement and promoting the role of the subject matter of education is the most important Entities of the educational process and self-education are the leading determinants of the goal on the basis of practical requirements, the content of the program, the choice of methods, means, and forms to be appropriate The implementation of groups of solutions should be coordinated in a synchronous, rhythmic way to constantly improve quality, efficiency of ECEP for students, it actively contributes to solving problems that exist in cognitive, behavioral, emotional and behavioral attitudes toward the environment As such, the educating activities the CEP for students in universities is really to promote the role of the cause of education in particular and the cause of building and developing our country in general ... subject of ECEP for students consis of: Firstly, the Party Committee, the School Board, the School Council, the Secretary of the Party Committee at the universities and institutes are the subjects of... Committee, the School Board, the Chairman of the school council in universities and institutes have been very interested in ECEP for students - The staff of the department, faculty, committee,... integrated into the age education program: preschool, primary study and continue to high school levels The education of environment is not only done in schools but also regularly propagated and popularized