PHÂN TÍCH DIỄN NGÔN

Chọn một câu trả lời: a.. Chọn một câu trả lời: a.. Chọn một câu trả lời: b.. Corrective relations 11 Halliday & Hasan divides verbal ellipsis into ……… Chọn một câu trả lời: a.. Chọn một

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1 A discourse can be of any size as long as it forms a(n)…….

A meaningful whole V

B group of sentences

C large stretch of language

D All are correct

2 According to Halliday & Hasan, (1976), discourse is ……

A a grammatical unit

B isolated words or sentences

C a unit of form

D a unit of language in use V

3 According to J R Firth, by studying conversations can we understand………… better

A language and its form x

B All are correct

C language and its function

D Language and its structure

4 Under the influence of Bloomfield, and then Chomsky, linguists focused on ……… problems of language for many decades

A All are correct

B formal and structural V

C semantic

D functional

5 Passives, it-clefts or wh-clefts are common in……

A written language

B All are correct

C spoken and written texts

6 The first official studies on discourse appeared in…

A the 1930s

B the 1920s

C the 1940s

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7 Spoken language contains many ……, often simply sequences of phrases.

A incomplete sentences v

B well-structured sentences

C internally complex

D subordinate clauses

7 Informativity depends on the notions of …… and probability

A predictability

B interchangeability

C Knowledgeability

6 ……… refers to the relationship between a particular text and other texts which share characteristics with it

A Informativity

B Acceptabilty

C Intentionality

D Intertextuality v

5 Coherence is the feeling that a text ……

A has a formal surface relationship

B hangs together v

C contains information

D belongs to a particular genre

7 The writer is …… the speaker

A as implicit as

B more implicit than

C less implicit than v

D All are correct

A formal and structural v

B semantic

C functional

D All are correct

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A hangs together V

B contains information

C has a formal surface relationship

5 According to Carthy (1993), cohesion is a guide to …

B Intertextuality

C intentionality

D informativity

A language and its form

B All are correct

C language and its function v

6 Cohesion is concerned with formal surface structures (syntax and lexis) to interact with underlying …… relations or underlying functional coherence to create textual unity

A Syntactic

B pragmatic

C All are correct

6 Linguistically, written language tends to consist of clauses that are……

A structurally independent

B All are correct

C internally complex v

D simply structured

7 Coherence is concerned with the ……… sequencing of the arrangement of the information, the concepts and relation of the textual world which underlie and are realized by the surface text

A illogical

C surface

D random

8 The syntax of spoken language is typically …… structured… that of written language

A much less….than1923

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B All are correct X

C as much….as

D much more… than

A Informativity

B Intertextuality v

C Intentionality

D Acceptabilty

6 According to David Nunan, (1993), … can be related, not only in terms of the idea they share, but also in terms of their functions within the discourse

A words

C All are correct

D Phrases

6 1 According to Nunan (1993) there are …… types of context

A two v B four C three D five

2 How many elements are there in Halliday’s model of context?

4 According to Dell Hymes, the context consists of …… elements

3 ………context is the language that surrounds or accompanies the piece of discourse under analysis

A All are correct B Linguistic v C Experiential D Non-linguistic

3 There is …… of discourse kinds which consist of only one word/phrase/sentence

A a number B a large number C a small number v D a considerable number

4 The topic, the purpose of the event and the setting belong to … context

A a formal B All are correct C non-linguisic v D linguistic

4 There is a(n) …… relationship between discourse and context

A overt B unilateral C dialectical v D limited

7 What does Addresser refer to in Dell Hymes’ model of context?

A Only the speaker B the hearer or the reader C Only the writer D the speaker or the writer v

8 In Dell Hymes’ model of context, Code is a term which is used instead of ……

A language v B text-type C the time and place of a speech event D evaluation of the text

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8 According to J R Firth, the context consists of …….elements.

9 According to J R Firth, all meaning was ……

A form-based B function in context V C All are correct D context-free

56 Utterances are not only dependant on the physical context for their interpretations, they are also …… the language surrounding them

A independent of B closely related to v C slightly related to D isolated from

5 The overhearers or unintended addressees are referred to as… in Dell Hymes’ model of context

4 ………refers to the situation giving rise to the discourse, and within which the discourse is embedded

9 The interpretation of one sentence …… without looking back at the previous sentences or referring to the coming ones

A All are correct B is hardly achieved V C can be achieved D is likely to be achieved

132Echoing and auxiliary contrasting are the two types of ………

A clausal ellipsis X B None is correct C nominal ellipsis D verbal ellipsis

22 Clausal substitution is expressed through ………

A such and not B All are correct X C such and so D so and not

21 Grammatical cohesion is the surface marking of …… links between clauses and sentences in written discourse, and between utterances and turns in speech

A semantic B All are correct C syntactic X D pragmatic

23‘not…but’ is the basic meaning of …

A Contrastive relations X B Dismissive (generalized adversative) relations

C Adversative relation ‘proper’ D Corrective relations

24 Halliday & Hasan divides verbal ellipsis into ………

A lexical and echoing ellipsis

B operator and echoing ellipsis

C operator and auxiliary contrasting ellipsis

D lexical and operator ellipsis

25 There are ……… types of substitution

1 According to Nunan (1993) there are …… types of context

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8 According to J R Firth, the context consists of …….elements

A form-based B function in context V C All are correct D context-free

56 Utterances are not only dependant on the physical context for their interpretations, they are also …… the language surrounding them

A independent of B closely related to v C slightly related to D isolated from

5 The overhearers or unintended addressees are referred to as… in Dell Hymes’ model of context

4 ………refers to the situation giving rise to the discourse, and within which the discourse is embedded

9 The interpretation of one sentence …… without looking back at the previous sentences or referring to the coming ones

A All are correct B is hardly achieved C can be achieved x D is likely to be achieved x

132 Echoing and auxiliary contrasting are the two types of ………

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Chọn một câu trả lời:

b None is correct.

c nominal ellipsis

d verbal ellipsis

12 Clausal substitution is expressed through ……… .

a such and not

c such and so

d so and not

12 Grammatical cohesion is the surface marking of …… links between clauses and sentences in written discourse, and between utterances and turns in speech.

a semantic

b All are correct.

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d pragmatic

11 ‘not…but’ is the basic meaning of …

b Dismissive (generalized adversative) relations

c Adversative relation ‘proper’

d Corrective relations

11 Halliday & Hasan divides verbal ellipsis into ………

a lexical and echoing ellipsis

b operator and echoing ellipsis.

d lexical and operator ellipsis.

123 There are ……… types of substitution.

a 2

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c 5

d 4

1 Based on………, reference is classified into exophoric and endophoric reference.

a reference realisation

b pointing direction

d All are correct.

2 According to Halliday & Hasan, substitution is a relation within the text on the ……… level Chọn một câu trả lời:

b lexical

c grammatical

d lexico-grammatical

3 References to assumed, shared worlds outside the text are …… reference.

a exophoric

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b cataphoric

c anaphoric.

1 Grammatical cohesive devices include reference, substitution, ellipsis and ……… Chọn một câu trả lời:

a subordination.

b conjunction

d co-ordination

5 Most of the instances of the substitute one/ones are ………

b All are correct.

c anaphoric

d exophoric

3 Lexical cohesion is divided into reiteration and ……….

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a apposition.

b collocation

d coordination

2 According to J R Firth, the context consists of …….elements Chọn một câu trả lời:

a 5

b 4.

c 2

2 Lexical cohesion is divided into reiteration and ……….

a subordination

c coordination

d apposition.

Trang 12

3 ………presents a part/whole relationship.

a Antonymy

c Superordinate

d Meronymy

5 Echoing and auxiliary contrasting are the two types of ………

b None is correct.

c clausal ellipsis

d nominal ellipsis

6 Grammatical cohesion is the surface marking of …… links between clauses and sentences in written discourse, and between utterances and turns in speech.

a pragmatic

b All are correct.

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c semantic V

d syntactic

1 The basic meaning of the …… is ‘there is something more to be said’.

a temporal relation

c causal relation

d adversative relation

7 Nominal substitution is the use of a substitute item to replace the ……… of a corresponding noun phrase Chọn một câu trả lời:

a All are correct.

b Premodification

d Postmodification

1 A discourse can be of any size as long as it forms a(n)……

A meaningful whole V

B group of sentences

Trang 14

C large stretch of language

D All are correct

2 According to Halliday & Hasan, (1976), discourse is ……

A a grammatical unit

B isolated words or sentences

C a unit of form

D a unit of language in use V

A language and its form x

B All are correct

C language and its function

A All are correct

B formal and structural V

C semantic

D functional

5 Passives, it-clefts or wh-clefts are common in……

A written language

B All are correct

C spoken and written texts

6 The first official studies on discourse appeared in…

A the 1930s

B the 1920s

C the 1940s

7 Spoken language contains many ……, often simply sequences of phrases

A incomplete sentences v

B well-structured sentences

C internally complex

Trang 15

D subordinate clauses.

7 Informativity depends on the notions of …… and probability

A predictability

B interchangeability

C Knowledgeability

A Informativity

B Acceptabilty

C Intentionality

D Intertextuality v

A has a formal surface relationship

B hangs together v

C contains information

7 The writer is …… the speaker

A as implicit as

B more implicit than

C less implicit than v

D All are correct

A formal and structural v

B semantic

C functional

D All are correct

A hangs together V

B contains information

C has a formal surface relationship

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5 According to Carthy (1993), cohesion is a guide to …

B Intertextuality

C intentionality

D informativity

A language and its form

B All are correct

C language and its function v

6 Cohesion is concerned with formal surface structures (syntax and lexis) to interact with underlying …… relations or underlying functional coherence to create textual unity

A Syntactic

B pragmatic

C All are correct

6 Linguistically, written language tends to consist of clauses that are……

A structurally independent

B All are correct

C internally complex v

D simply structured

7 Coherence is concerned with the ……… sequencing of the arrangement of the information, the concepts and relation of the textual world which underlie and are realized by the surface text

A illogical

C surface

D random

8 The syntax of spoken language is typically …… structured… that of written language

A much less….than1923

C as much….as

D much more… than

Trang 17

A Informativity

B Intertextuality v

C Intentionality

D Acceptabilty

6 According to David Nunan, (1993), … can be related, not only in terms of the idea they share, but also in terms of their functions within the discourse

A words

C All are correct

D Phrases

6 1 According to Nunan (1993) there are …… types of context

8 According to J R Firth, the context consists of …….elements

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