free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com H I S TO RI ES The Routledge History of Sex and the Body 1500 to the Present Edi t e d by S ARAH T OUL AL AN and K AT E F IS H ER www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com T H E RO U T L E D G E H I S T O R Y OF SEX AND THE BODY The Routledge History of Sex and the Body provides an overview of the main themes surrounding the history of sexuality from 1500 to the present day The history of sex and the body is an expanding field in which vibrant debate on, for instance, the history of perversions is developing This book examines the current scholarship and looks towards future directions for the field The volume is divided into 14 thematic parts, which are split into two chronological chapters: 1500–1750 and 1750 to the present day Focusing on the history of sexuality and the body in the West but also interactions with a broader globe, these thematic parts survey the major areas of debate and discussion Covering themes such as science, identity, the gaze, courtship, reproduction, sexual violence and the importance of age and race, the volume offers a comprehensive view of the history of sex and the body The book concludes with an afterword in which the reader is invited to consider some of the ‘tensions, problems and areas deserving further scrutiny’ Including contributors renowned in their field of expertise, this ground-breaking collection is essential reading for all those interested in the history of sexuality and the body Sarah Toulalan is a senior lecturer in early modern history at the University of Exeter, UK Her previous publications include Bodies, Sex and Desire from the Renaissance to the Present co-edited with Kate Fisher (2011) and Imagining Sex: Pornography and Bodies in Seventeenth-Century England (2007) Kate Fisher is Professor of Modern History at the University of Exeter, UK Her previous publications include Bodies, Sex and Desire from the Renaissance to the Present co-edited with Sarah Toulalan (2011), Sex before the Sexual Revolution: Intimate Life in England 1918–1963 with Simon Szreter (2010) and Birth Control, Sex and Marriage in Britain 1918–60 (2006) free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORIES The Routledge Histories is a series of landmark books surveying some of the most important topics and themes in history today Edited and written by an international team of worldrenowned experts, they are the works against which all future books on their subjects will be judged THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF WOMEN IN EUROPE SINCE 1700 Edited by Deborah Simonton THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF SLAVERY Edited by Gad Heuman and Trevor Burnard THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF THE HOLOCAUST Edited by Jonathan C Friedman THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF CHILDHOOD IN THE WESTERN WORLD Edited by Paula S Fass Forthcoming: THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF EAST CENTRAL EUROPE Edited by Irina Livezeanu and Arpad von Klimo THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF WESTERN EMPIRES Edited by Robert Aldrich and Kirsten McKenzie THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF GENOCIDE Edited by Cathie Carmichael and Richard Maguire THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF MEDIEVAL CHRISTIANITY Edited by Robert Swanson THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF FOOD Edited by Carol Helstosky www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com THE ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF SEX AND THE BODY 1500 to the Present Edited by Sarah Toulalan and Kate Fisher free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com First published 2013 by Routledge Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2013 Sarah Toulalan and Kate Fisher, selection and editorial matter; individual extracts, the contributors The right of Sarah Toulalan and Kate Fisher to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data The Routledge history of sex and the body, 1500 to the present / edited by Sarah Toulalan and Kate Fisher p cm – (The routledge histories) Includes bibliographical references and index Sex–Western countries–History Sexology–Western countries–History Human body–Western countries–History Western countries I Toulalan, Sarah II Fisher, Kate HQ12.R69 2013 306.709182’1–dc23 2012037890 ISBN: 978-0-415-47237-1 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-203-43686-8 (ebk) Typeset in Baskerville by Taylor & Francis Books www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com CONTENTS List of illustrations Contributors Acknowledgements ix x xv Introduction SARAH TOULALAN AND KATE FISHER PART I Studying the body and sexuality 21 The good, the bad, and the textual: approaches to the study of the body and sexuality, 1500–1750 23 KATHERINE CRAWFORD Approaches to the history of sexuality since 1750 38 HARRY G COCKS PART II Sexual science and the medical understandings of the body Medical understandings of the body, c 1500–1750 55 57 LAUREN KASSELL Medical understandings of the body: 1750 to the present 75 RICHARD CLEMINSON PART III Examining the body: science, technology and the exploration of the body Examining the body, c 1500–1750 89 91 MICHAEL STOLBERG v free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com CONTENTS Examining the body since 1750 106 MALCOLM NICOLSON PART IV Body and mind: sexuality and identity From age to gender, c 1500–1750: from the adolescent male to the adult effeminate body 121 123 RANDOLPH TRUMBACH (De-)constructing sexual kinds since 1750 142 IVAN CROZIER PART V Clothing and nakedness 161 From the cradle to the grave: clothing the early modern body 163 SUSAN VINCENT 10 Exposing, adorning, and dressing the body in the modern era 179 PAUL R DESLANDES PART VI Pornography and erotica 205 11 Erotic representation, 1500–1750 207 IAN FREDERICK MOULTON 12 Looking at sex: pornography and erotica since 1750 223 LISA Z SIGEL PART VII Knowledge and experience 237 13 Knowledge and experience, c 1500–1750 239 LAURA GOWING 14 Knowledge and experience: from 1750 to the 1960s 256 TANYA EVANS PART VIII Life cycles 277 15 ‘Age to great, or to little, doeth let conception’: bodies, sex and the life cycle, 1500–1750 279 SARAH TOULALAN vi www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com CONTENTS 16 Fairy tales of fertility: bodies, sex and the life cycle, c 1750–2000 296 JULIE-MARIE STRANGE PART IX Courtship and marriage 311 17 Courtship and marriage, c 1500–1750 313 MARTIN INGRAM 18 Marriage and companionate ideals since 1750 328 KATE FISHER PART X Reproduction 349 19 Reproduction, c 1500–1750 351 LIANNE MCTAVISH 20 Reproduction since 1750 372 HELEN BLACKMAN PART XI Prostitution 391 21 The body of the prostitute: medieval to modern 393 KATHRYN NORBERG 22 Prostitution from 1800 409 MARIA LUDDY PART XII Sexual violence and rape 427 23 Sexual violence and rape in Europe, 1500–1750 429 GARTHINE WALKER 24 Sexual violence since 1750 444 SHANI D’CRUZE PART XIII Sexual disease 461 25 ‘The venereal disease’, 1500–1800 463 KEVIN SIENA vii free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com CONTENTS 26 Sexual diseases since 1750 479 LESLEY A HALL PART XIV Bodies, sex and race 493 27 Western encounters with sex and bodies in non-European cultures, 1500–1750 495 JONATHAN BURTON 28 ‘The roots that clutch’: bodies, sex and race since 1750 511 ANTOINETTE BURTON Afterword: On ‘compulsory sexuality’, sexualization, and history 527 LISA DOWNING Select bibliography Index 533 562 viii www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Helkiah Crooke, Microcosmographia, a description of the body of man Helkiah Crooke, Microcosmographia, a description of the body of man Federico Barocci, Study for the Virgin Mary in the Bonarelli Crucifixion ‘The Man Milliner’ as Fribble, 1793 The Academicians of the Royal Academy, 1771–72 The Cholmondeley Ladies, c 1600–1610 Portrait of Mary Kytson, Lady Darcy of Chiche, later Lady Rivers Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester Frontispiece to Haec-Vir; Or, The Womanish-Man Henry Scott Tuke, August Blue (1894) Henry Scott Tuke, Boys Bathing (1912) Ivory anatomical model of a pregnant female with removable parts Anatomical fugitive sheets of a skeleton, male figure Woman in labour assisted by a man-midwife Giuseppe Maria Mitelli, La Vita Infelice Della Meretrice Compartita Ne Dedeci Mesi Dell Anno Lunaro (1692) 25.2 Giuseppe Maria Mitelli, La Vita Infelice Della Meretrice Compartita Ne Dedeci Mesi Dell Anno Lunaro (1692) Images for November and December 3.1 3.2 7.1 7.2 7.3 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 10.1 10.2 13.1 13.2 19.1 25.1 ix 60 63 131 136 137 168 172 173 174 187 188 243 244 365 470 470 free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com INDEX Vincent, Susan 7, 192, 195 violence: in marriage 319–20; see also rape and sexual violence; war virginity 115, 125, 130, 250, 290; rape and law 431, 432, 439 visuality and reproduction 363–66 vital energy 297, 300, 304 Vitoria, Francisco de 503 Turner, James Grantham 215 two-sex model of the body 6–7, 32, 62, 79–80, 82, 181, 241 Tyson, Edward 506 Ulrichs, Karl 43, 257 ultrasound imaging 118 underclass and reproduction 374–75, 469 undergarments and health 167, 195–97 uroscopy as diagnostic technique 93, 100 uterine sound device 113 uterus see womb Wade, Willoughby 299 Wagner von Jauregg, Julius 487 Walker, Clement 130 Walle, Etienne van de 356 Wandering Whore, The 213, 215, 217, 399 war 188–89, 192, 197; and prostitution 395, 396, 400, 410, 412–14, 415–16, 481, 483–84; and racialized geopolitical order 519–21; and rape and sexual violence 18, 414, 445, 452, 453–54; and venereal disease 415–16, 465, 481, 483–84, 486, 488; see also soldiers Ward, Ned 29–30 Wardlaw, Rev Ralph 410 Waters, Chris 44 Waugh, Thomas 224 Weeks, Jeffrey 1–2 Weismann, August 381 Westphal, Carl Friedrich Otto 148 ‘white slave trade’ fears 12, 298, 418, 449 Wiener, Martin 447, 449 Wiesner-Hanks, Merry 363 Wilde, Oscar 192, 194, 257 William of Conches 26 Williams, C J B 111 Williams, John 172 Willmott, Peter 338, 339 Wilmot, John, Earl of Rochester 30, 399 Wilson, Adrian 358, 360 Wilson, Mary 229 Wilson, Mary Floyd 504–5 Wilson, Robert 306 Winckelmann, Johann Joachim 181–82 witchcraft 67–68, 69, 251–52, 353, 358, 468 Wollstonecraft, Mary 41 womans almanack, The 245, 252 womb 98, 113, 244, 287, 353; early modern significance 58, 66–67, 68, 351, 357, 361–63 women: defined by sexual status 24; defined by womb in early modern period 58, 66–67, 68, 357, 361–63; early modern management of body 250–52, 354–58; and health 58, 66–67, 68, 97, 98, 250, 302–3, 304, 357, 362, 376, 386–87, 484; as medical practitioners 8; as narrators in early erotica 214–15; and nude in art 184; philanthropic causes 419–20, 514; vagina and life cycle 288–90 Valadon, Suzanne 184 Valla, Lorenzo 25 Vallambert, Simon de 366 Vaughan, Sir William 166–67, 170 Veccellio, Cesare 163, 164 Velazquez, Diego, The Toilet of Venus 180 Velpeau, Alfred A L M 385 venereal diseases 463–90; and anatomical texts 60; dangers of retrodiagnosis 464; in early modern Europe 463–74; erotic nature of treatises on 31; and institutional care 464, 470–74, 480, 481–82, 483; and medical examination 107; medical understandings 479–81, 482–83, 484–85, 486, 487, 488; in modern period 479–90; and prostitution 16, 17, 393, 395, 404, 414–18, 469, 473, 481–82, 483–84, 487, 520; and racialized attitudes 5, 466–67; and sex education 264; treatment for 417, 468, 479, 480, 482–83, 484, 486, 487–88; war and methods of control 415–16, 465, 481, 483–84, 486, 488; women as culprits 7, 416–18, 466–67, 469, 473, 480, 481–82 Venette, Nicolas 218, 260, 351, 352, 353, 354, 358 Venice 29, 393, 433, 435, 436 Veniero, Lorenzo 213, 399 Venus dans le cltre 31, 214 vernacular language 8, 28, 240, 242, 252, 259, 282; Crooke’s Microcosmographia 59, 66; erotica 208, 217–18; sexual metaphors 246, 248; see also erotica Vesalius, Andreas 28, 57, 58, 63, 69, 96 Vespucci, Amerigo 465 Viau, Théophile de 31, 216, 399 Vicary, Thomas 27 Vickery, Amanda 339 victims: punishment of rape victims 394, 432, 435, 449; and sexual violence 430, 437, 450, 451; women and venereal disease 473, 484 Victoria, queen of Great Britain 117 Vigarello, Georges 447, 451 Vignali, Antonio 212, 216 578 www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com INDEX pornography for 231–32; and racial other 518; reproduction and political value 372, 517; sexual vulnerability 32; shame as barrier to medical examination 10, 97–100, 101, 111, 246; and social constructionism 41; and suffrage in imperial era 517; and venereal disease 7, 416–18, 466–67, 469, 481–82, 483–84, 487; see also female body; fertility and reproductive body; lesbianism Wood, Francis Derwent 188–89 Wood, Marcus 224 Worboys, Michael 484 work see economic activity World War I 519–21 ‘wrens of Curragh’ 412–14 Wrightson, Keith 332 Wunderlich, Carl 116 Young, Michael 338, 339 youth and unsuitability for sex 279–92 Zacutus Lusitanus 96 Zoffany, Johann, Academicians 136, 137 Zweiniger-Bargielowska, Ina 193 579 free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.routledge.com/history The History of Sexuality in Europe: A Sourcebook and Reader Edited by Anna Clark Series: Routledge Readers in History The History of Sexuality in Europe: A Sourcebook and Reader is a dynamic introduction to the latest debates in the history of Sexuality in Europe It begins with an introduction, "The Magnetic Poetry Kit of Sex," which surveys the field of sexuality and introduces the new concept of sexual grammar The Reader focuses on the modern age, but features three chapters on the ancient and medieval world to demonstrate their very different cultures of sexuality Each section of the Reader pairs the latest chapters and articles by experts with primary sou rces, addressing questions including: • Why did ancient Greek philosophers and medieval Islamic poets celebrate men's desire for each other? • Were Victorians sexually repressed? • How did nonwestern cultures change some Europeans' ideas about sex? • Were 60s fem inists pro or anti sex? An essential collection for all students of the history of sexuality 2010: 246x174 mm: 372pp Hb: 978-0-415-78139-8 Pb: 978-0-415-78140-4 For more information and to order a copy visit www.routledge.com/9780415781404 Available from all good bookshops free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.routledge.com/history The Routledge History of Childhood in the Western World Edited by Paula S Fass Series: Routledge Histories The Routledge History of Childhood in the Western World provides an important overview of the main themes surrounding the history of childhood in the West from antiquity to the present day By broadly incorporating research in the field of Childhood Studies, this book explores the major advances that have taken place in t his crucial field over the past few decades Including essays on all the key topics and issues, The Routledge History of Childhood in the Western World will define how the history of children and childhood can best be understood, in the longue duree and comparatively, while still acknowledging the importance of and encouraging scholarship on specific groups, periods, places, and life course divisions This important collection from a leading international group of scholars presents a comprehensive survey of the current state of t he field It will be essential reading for all those interested in the hist ory of childhood 2012 : 246x174 m m : 552pp Hb: 978-0-415-78232-6 For more information and to order a copy visit www.routledge.com/9780415782326 Available from all good bookshops free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.routledge.com/history The Routledge History of the Holocaust Edited by Jonathan C Friedman Series: Routledge Histories The genocide of Jewish and non-Jewish civilians perpetrated by the German regime during World War Two continues to confront scholars with elusive questions even after nearly seventy years and hundreds of studies This multi-contributory work is a landmark publication that sees experts renowned in their field addressing these questions in light of current research A comprehensive introduction to the history of the Holocaust, this volume has 42 chapters which add important depth to the academic study of the Holocaust, both geographically and topically The chapters address such diverse issues as: • continuities in German and European history with respect to genocide prior to 1939 • the response of Europe's Jewish Communities to persecution and destruct ion • gender and Holocaust experience • the Holocaust in post-war cultural venues This important collection wil l be essential reading for all those interested in the history of the Holocaust 2012 : 246x174 mm: 516pp Hb: 978-0-415-77956-2 Pb: 978-0-415-52087-4 For more information and to order a copy visit www.routledge.com/9780415520874 Available from all good bookshops free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.routledge.com/history The Transgender Studies Reader Edited by Susan Stryker, Aren Z Aizura Over the past twenty years, transgender studies has emerged as a vibrant field of interdisciplinary scholarship In 2006, Routledge's The Transgender Studies Reader brought together the first definitive collection of the field Since its publication, the field has seen an explosion of new work that has expanded the boundaries of inquiry in many directions The Transgender Studies Reader gathers these disparate strands of scholarship, and collects them into a format designed for teaching and research Complementing the first volume rather than competing with it, The Transgender Studies Reader comprises fifty articles, with a general introduction by the editors, explanatory head notes for each essay, and bibliographical suggestions for further research To keep pace with this rapidly changing area, t he second reader is accompanied by a companion website with images, links to blogs, video, and further material to help supplement the book For more information, visit the companion website at www.routledge.com/cw/stryker 2013: 7"x10" : 694pp Hb: 978-0-415-51772-0 Pb: 978-0-415-51773-7 For more information and to order a copy visit www.routledge.com/97804 15517737 Available from all good bookshops free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Taylor & Francis eBooks FOR liBRARIES Over 23,000 eBook titles in the Humanities, Social Sciences, STM and Law from some of the world's leading imprints Choose from a range of subject packages or create your own! ~ Free MARC records ~ COUNTER-compliant usage statistics ~ Flexible purchase and pricing options ~ Off-site, anytime access via Athens or referring URL ~ Print or copy pages or chapters ~ Full content search ~ Bookmark, highlight and annotate text ~ Access to thousands of pages of quality research at the click of a button For more information, pricing enquiries or to order a free trial, contact your local online sales team UK and Rest of World: online.sales®tandf.co.uk US, Canada and Latin America: e-reference®taylorandfrancis.com www.ebooksubscriptions.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com ... Y OF SEX AND THE BODY The Routledge History of Sex and the Body provides an overview of the main themes surrounding the history of sexuality from 1500 to the present day The history of sex and. .. Chair of the History of Medicine at the University of Würzburg, Germany His research focuses on the history of early modern medicine, the history of body and gender and, more recently, the history. .. the study of the body and sexuality, 1500–1750 23 KATHERINE CRAWFORD Approaches to the history of sexuality since 1750 38 HARRY G COCKS PART II Sexual science and the medical understandings of