Quan hệ ấn độ hàn quốc từ năm 2000 đến 2015

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI VÀ NHÂN VĂN - TRIỆU HỒNG QUANG QUAN HỆ ẤN ĐỘ - HÀN QUỐC TỪ NĂM 2000 ĐẾN 2015 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ CHÂU Á HỌC Hà Nội-2018 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI VÀ NHÂN VĂN - TRIỆU HỒNG QUANG QUAN HỆ ẤN ĐỘ - HÀN QUỐC TỪ NĂM 2000 ĐẾN 2015 Luận văn Thạc sĩ chuyên ngành Châu Á học Mã số: 60.31.06.01 Người hướng dẫn khoa học: PGS.TS Đỗ Thu Hà Hà Nội-2018 LỜI CAM ĐOAN Tơi cam đoan cơng trình nghiên cứu riêng tơi Các số liệu trích dẫn luận văn trung thực Tác giả luận văn Triệu Hồng Quang LỜI CẢM ƠN Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn nhiệt tình giúp đỡ Ban Giám hiệu Trường Đại học Khoa học Xã hội Nhân văn Hà Nội; Phòng Đào tạo, Bộ phận Đào tạo Sau Đại học tập thể thầy cô Khoa Đông phương Đặc biệt tơi xin bày tỏ lòng biết ơn sâu sắc đến PGS.TS Đỗ Thu Hà, cô dành nhiều thời gian tận tình hướng dẫn tơi từ lúc bắt đầu hoàn thành luận văn Cuối tơi xin cảm ơn gia đình, bạn bè hỗ trợ vật chất tinh thần cho suốt học tập thực luận văn Xin chân thành cảm ơn! MỤC LỤC DANH MỤC CÁC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT DANH MỤC CÁC BẢNG/BIỂU ĐỒ DANH MỤC CÁC BIỂU ĐỒ LỜI MỞ ĐẦU Lý chọn đề tài Lịch sử nghiên cứu vấn đề Mục đích nhiệm vụ nghiên cứu luận văn Đối tượng phạm vi nghiên cứu luận văn Phương pháp nghiên cứu Ý nghĩa luận văn Kết cấu luận văn Chương 1: SỰ HÌNH THÀNH, PHÁT TRIỂN VÀ NHỮNG NHÂN TỐ TÁC ĐỘNG ĐẾN QUAN HỆ ẤN ĐỘ - HÀN QUỐC TỪ NĂM 2000 ĐẾN 2015 10 1.1 Sự hình thành phát triển quan hệ Ấn Độ - Hàn Quốc từ 1953 đến 2000 10 1.1.1 Lĩnh vực trị - ngoại giao 10 1.1.2 Lĩnh vực kinh tế 15 1.2 Bối cảnh quốc tế khu vực từ sau năm 2000 17 1.2.1 Bối cảnh quốc tế 17 1.2.2 Bối cảnh khu vực 19 1.3 Những nhân tố tác động từ phía Ấn Độ 27 1.4 Những nhân tố tác động từ phía Hàn Quốc 32 Tiểu kết chương 36 Chương 2: QUAN HỆ ẤN ĐỘ - HÀN QUỐC TRÊN MỘT SỐ LĨNH VỰC TỪ NĂM 2000 ĐẾN 2015 37 2.1 Quan hệ trị - ngoại giao 37 2.2 Quan hệ kinh tế 44 2.3 Quan hệ quốc phòng 55 2.4 Hợp tác văn hóa-xã hội 61 Tiểu kết chương 66 Chương 3: ĐÁNH GIÁ VỀ QUAN HỆ ẤN ĐỘ - HÀN QUỐC TỪ NĂM 2000 ĐẾN 2015 67 3.1 Thành tựu hạn chế 67 3.2 Tác động quan hệ Ấn Độ - Hàn Quốc tình hình quốc tế, khu vực phát triển nước 72 3.3 Triển vọng quan hệ Ấn Độ - Hàn Quốc 74 Tiểu kết chương 77 KẾT LUẬN 79 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO 82 PHỤ LỤC 88 DANH MỤC CÁC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT Nghĩa đầy đủ Ký hiệu Tiếng Anh Tiếng Việt ACD Asia Cooperation Dialogue Hội nghị Bộ trưởng Đối thoại hợp tác Châu Á APEC Asia – Pacific Economic Cooperation Diễn đàn Hợp tác kinh tế Châu Á – Thái Bình Dương ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations Hiệp hội quốc gia Đông Nam Á Bharatiya Janata Party Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism Đảng Nhân dân Ấn Độ Cơng ước Tồn diện chống Khủng bố Quốc tế CII Confederation of Indian Industry Liên đồn Cơng nghiệp Ấn Độ CEP Cultural Exchange Program Chương trình trao đổi văn hóa CEPA Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement Hiệp định đối tác kinh tế toàn diện DTAC Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement Hiệp định Chống đánh Thuế Hai lần DSSC Defence Services Staff College Trường Cao đẳng Dịch vụ Quốc phòng Ấn Độ European Union Liên minh châu Âu BJP CCTI EU EAEC Eurasian Economic Community Nhóm kinh tế Á – Âu Vốn đầu tư trực tiếp nước FKI Foreign Direct Investment The Federation of Korean Industries FSI Foreign Service Institute Viện nghiên cứu Dịch vụ nước Ấn Độ G8 Group of Nhóm nước cơng nghiệp lớn giới G20 Group of 20 Nhóm 20 kinh tế lớn giới Hiệp định song phương bảo vệ thông tin quân Công nghệ Thông tin Truyền thông FDI GSOMIA ICT General Security of Military Information Agreement Information and Communication Technology Liên đồn Cơng nghiệp Hàn Quốc Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security Viện nghiên cứu Ngoại giao An ninh Quốc gia INSC India National Security Council Hội đồng An ninh Quốc gia Ấn Độ ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation Tổ chức nghiên cứu Vũ trụ Ấn Độ KAI Korea Aerospace Industries Hãng Hàng không Hàn Quốc KARI Korea Aerospace Research Institute Korea National Diplomatic Academy Viện nghiên cứu Không gian Vũ trụ Hàn Quốc Học viện Ngoại giao Quốc gia Hàn Quốc KOTRA The Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency Cơ quan Xúc tiến Thương mại Hàn Quốc KRIBB Korea Research Institute of Viện nghiên cứu Sinh học Bioscience and Biotechnology Công nghệ Sinh học Hàn Quốc KONS Korean Office National Security Văn phòng An ninh Quốc gia Hàn Quốc M&A Mergers and Acquisitions Mua bán Sát nhập NAM Non-Aligned Movement Northeast Asia Peace and Cooperative Initiative Phong trào Không liên kết Sáng kiến Hợp tác Hòa bình khu vực Đơng Bắc Á IFANS KNDA NAPCI NDA National Democratic Alliance Liên minh Dân chủ Quốc gia Ấn Độ NDC National Defence College Trường Cao đẳng Quốc phòng Ấn Độ NLL Northern Limit Line Neutral Nations Repatriation Commission Đường giới hạn phía Bắc Ủy ban Trung lập vấn đề Hồi hương Liên Hợp Quốc NNRC OECD Organization for Economic Tổ chức Hợp tác Phát triển Cooperation and Development Kinh tế R&D SAARC Research & Development South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Nghiên cứu Phát triển Hiệp hội Nam Á Hợp tác Khu vực SLOC Sea Lines of Communication Các tuyến Thông thương Biển Liên minh Đồng thuận UNSC Uniting for Consensus United Nations Security Council WTO World Trade Organization Tổ chức Thương mại Thế giới UfC Hội đồng Bảo An Liên Hiệp Quốc DANH MỤC CÁC BẢNG/BIỂU ĐỒ TT 1.1 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.2 2.3 Tên bảng Thương mại Ấn Độ Hàn Quốc (1991-2000) Mức chi tiêu quốc phòng Hàn Quốc Trung Quốc (2000-2010) Top 15 quốc gia chi tiêu quốc phòng lớn giới năm 2015 Top 15 đối tác thương mại Ấn Độ giai đoạn 2014-2015 Kim ngạch xuất nhập Ấn Độ Hàn Quốc từ 2000-2015 Một số mặt hàng Ấn Độ xuất nhập từ Hàn Quốc (2000-2015) Trang 16 23 24 44 50 51 DANH MỤC CÁC BIỂU ĐỒ TT Tên biểu đồ Trang 1.1 Tổng thị phần xuất Hàn Quốc đối tác 22 1.2 Chi tiêu quân Hàn Quốc 2006-2016 23 3.1 Biểu đồ 3.1 Những đối tác thương mại Hàn Quốc năm 2011-2012 71 LỜI MỞ ĐẦU Lý chọn đề tài Ấn Độ Hàn Quốc hai nước quan trọng Châu Á không xét phương diện lãnh thổ mà tiềm lực kinh tế Ấn Độ cường quốc lên Châu Á từ đầu kỷ XXI, với tốc độ tăng trưởng kinh tế nhanh đứng thứ ba giới, quốc gia ngày giữ vai trò chủ chốt khu vực trường quốc tế Hàn Quốc bốn “con rồng Châu Á”, với phát triển thần kỳ từ nước nghèo giới sau chiến tranh Triều Tiên (1950-1953) trở thành nước giàu, đứng thứ tư khu vực châu Á đứng thứ 11 toàn giới Mặc dù quan hệ Ấn Độ Hàn Quốc thiết lập từ năm 1973 thực “nồng ấm” Ấn Độ triển khai giai đoạn thứ hai “Chính sách Hướng Đông” vào đầu thập niên 2000, với trọng tâm hướng đến việc phát triển quan hệ với quốc gia Đơng Bắc Á Hàn Quốc xem Ấn Độ có ý nghĩa quan trọng kinh tế địa trị Về kinh tế, Ấn Độ cung cấp nhiều hội đầu tư cho công ty Hàn Quốc tham gia cạnh tranh với thị trường giới, thâm nhập vào thị trường Trung Đông Châu Phi, cải cách hiệu kinh tế quyền Thủ tướng Modi tạo thuận lợi cho doanh nghiệp Hàn Quốc dễ dàng đầu tư vào Ấn Độ Về địa trị, Ấn Độ cường quốc lên góp phần giữ gìn ổn định châu Á thông qua việc tham gia giải vấn đề khu vực với vai trò trung gian, việc giúp đỡ Hàn Quốc vấn đề bán đảo Triều Tiên Còn phía Ấn Độ, tăng cường quan hệ với Hàn Quốc phần nỗ lực thúc đẩy sách “Hành động hướng Đông” Ấn Độ để mở rộng triển khai phạm vi khu vực Đông Á Hàn Quốc kể từ thiết lập quan hệ ngoại giao với Việt Nam vào năm 1992 đến nay, hai bên nâng từ quan hệ ngoại giao song phương thành quan hệ đối tác hợp tác chiến lược vào năm 2009, hợp tác hai nước không ngừng phát triển nhiều hình thức lĩnh vực Về phía Ấn Độ, kể từ triển khai sách hướng Đơng vào đầu thập niên 1990, Ấn Độ coi Đông Nam Á khu vực hợp tác chiến lược Việt Nam trụ cột để thơng qua Ấn Độ thúc đẩy hợp 18 Both sides agreed to enhance cooperation between relevant institutions in the area of finance to bolster bilateral economic ties and also welcomed recent initiatives like cooperation between India Infrastructure Financing Company Limited and Export-Import Bank of Korea and the proposal to establish US Dollar 200 million Interbank Export Credit Line between the State Bank of India and the Export-Import Bank of Korea Science and Technology Cooperation 19 The two leaders highlighted the importance of strengthening cooperation in the field of science & technology Recognizing that a Science and Technology Cooperation Fund of 10 million USD, contributed for the period 2011-2015, has been utilized to implement joint research projects in the science and technology sector, they agreed to create an additional joint fund of 10 million USD (with a contribution of million USD by each side) to promote mega projects which will be conducted jointly by the industries, academia and institutes The projects will focus on research leading to application and techno-commercialization Both leaders welcomed the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic Of India and the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning of the Republic of Korea on a Joint Applied Research and Development Programme in Science and Technology 20 Recognizing the critical role of a creative economy in promoting sustainable economic growth, the two leaders agreed to strengthen cooperation in the information technology sector which is a foundation for implementing a creative economy In this vein, they agreed to establish the India-ROK ICT Policy Forum and to hold the first Forum in 2014, in which cooperation on software and information security will be discussed The two leaders welcomed the conclusion of the Joint Declaration on cooperation in the ICT field as well as bilateral collaboration for the development of the software industry 21 The two leaders welcomed the signing of the Implementing Agreement Between the Indian Space Research Organization And the Korea Aerospace Research 96 Institute For Cooperation In The Peaceful Uses Of Outer Space Prime Minister Singh reiterated the Indian offer of launching ROK satellites on Indian Satellite Launch Vehicles on a commercial basis 22 Referring to the Agreement between the Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the Republic of Korea for Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy, the two leaders agreed to hold regular exchanges to expand cooperation in the civil nuclear energy sector Social and Cultural Cooperation 23 Reaffirming that the growing people to people interactions between India and ROK is important to enhance mutual understanding and friendship, the two leaders agreed to closely cooperate to ensure the smooth implementation of the Visa Simplification Agreement concluded in 2012, with a view to making mutual visits more convenient President Park welcomed the Government of India’s decision to provide tourist visa-on-arrival facilities to ROK nationals The modalities would be worked out soon between the two sides Both leaders hoped that the newly established Consulate-General of ROK in Chennai will facilitate exchanges of people and promote business between the two countries 24 To further deepen bilateral cultural ties, Prime Minister Singh offered to gift the people of ROK a sapling of the Bodhi Tree President Park accepted the offer with appreciation 25 The two leaders noted that an Indian Cultural Center in Seoul and a Korean Cultural Center in New Delhi, which were established in 2011 and 2012 respectively, have played an important role in promoting cultural exchanges between the two countries They also recognized that the cultural events which were held in 2013 to celebrate the 40th anniversary of India-ROK diplomatic ties promoted mutual understanding among the people of the two countries They welcomed the signing of the India-ROK Cultural Exchange Program for the period of 2014-2017 which is intended to promote cultural exchanges They also agreed to continue to exchange students in the education sector in a more substantial way Noting the growing interest 97 in the Korean language in India, they welcomed Korea Foundation's decision to expand its program to support Korean language courses in Indian universities 26 The two leaders shared the view that enhanced cooperation in promoting cultural industries such as the film industry is necessary to nurture the creative economy They agreed to consider showcasing the films of the other party They also welcomed the conclusion of the Agreement on Cooperation between Doordarshan and Korea International Broadcasting Foundation (Arirang TV) Cooperation in the Regional and International Arena 27 In dealing with non-conventional security threats and the changing regional security environment that both countries are facing, the two leaders agreed to closely cooperate and consult with each other at the bilateral, regional and global level 28 The two leaders recognized that both India and the ROK have played a significant role in regional architectures such as the EAS, ARF, ADMM+ ACD and ASEM and international fora including the UN, G20 and Nuclear Security Summit They agreed to maintain regular consultations and close coordination in those regional and international fora to address common challenges such as climate change, disaster management and terrorism Prime Minister Singh appreciated the ROK's signing of the MOU on the Establishment of Nalanda University, an EAS initiative proposed by India 29 The two leaders also recognized the need for comprehensive UN reforms including Security Council expansion to make the body more representative, accountable and effective Moreover, they agreed that the reform of the Security Council must reflect contemporary realities and include major developing countries 30 The two leaders reiterated their commitment to the eradication of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations, and agreed to enhance cooperation in this area, through information sharing The two leaders expressed hope that the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism, which was under consideration at the UN, would be adopted soon 98 31 The two leaders agreed to work closely to tackle new threats in cyberspace such as cyber-attacks For this purpose, it was agreed to hold the 1st Policy Consultations on Cyberspace in 2014 The two leaders welcomed the success of the 2013 Seoul Conference on Cyberspace In addition, they welcomed the conclusion of the MOU on Cyber Security between Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (Cert-In) and Korea Internet & Security Agency (KISA) 32 The two leaders shared their views on the importance of maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula including the objective of denuclearization They expressed concern over the development of North Korea's nuclear weapons program which is in violation of its international obligations and commitments In this connection, the two leaders urged North Korea to comply fully with its international obligations, including under the relevant UN Security Council resolutions 33 President Park expounded on her administration’s "Trust building process on the Korean Peninsula” and the "North-East Asia Peace and Cooperative Initiative.” Prime Minister Singh appreciated her efforts to achieve sustainable peace and stability in the region Conclusion 34 The following agreements and MOUs were signed in presence of the two leaders: (i) Agreement Between The Government Of The Republic Of India And The Government Of The Republic Of Korea On The Protection Of Classified Military Information (ii) Memorandum Of Understanding Between The Ministry Of Science And Technology Of The Republic Of India And The Ministry Of Science, ICT And Future Planning Of The Republic Of Korea On A Joint Applied Research And Development Programme In Science And Technology (iii) Implementing Agreement Between The Indian Space Research Organization And The Korea Aerospace Research Institute For Cooperation In The Peaceful Uses Of Outer Space (iv) Memorandum Of Understanding On The Establishment of Nalanda University 99 (v) Cultural Exchange Programme Between The Government Of The Republic of India And The Government Of The Republic Of Korea For The Years 2014-2017 35 The two sides agreed that the State Visit of the President of the Republic of Korea to India fully reflects the recent trend of expanding bilateral relations between the two countries and that this visit has provided a new impetus to further develop fruitful and future-oriented bilateral relations in the years to come 36 On behalf of the Government and the people of the Republic of Korea, President Park thanked the Government and the people of India for the warm and friendly hospitality she and her delegation received President Park extended cordial invitations to President Pranab Mukherjee and Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh to visit the Republic of Korea at a mutually convenient time Nguồn: Government of India, http://www.mea.gov.in/bilateraldocuments.htm?dtl/22752 [truy cập: ngày 10/01/2018] 100 INDIA - REPUBLIC OF KOREA JOINT STATEMENT FOR SPECIAL STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP (MAY 18, 2015) May 18, 2015 H.E Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid a State Visit to the Republic of Korea (ROK) at the invitation of H.E Mme Park Geun-hye, President of the Republic of Korea (ROK) on May 18-19, 2015 During the visit, Prime Minister Modi held a summit meeting with President Park Prime Minister Modi and President Park held substantive discussions in areas of mutual interest They welcomed the rapid expansion and diversification of bilateral ties in recent years Both sides shared the view that President Park’s State Visit to India in January 2014 provided impetus to development of bilateral relations in a comprehensive manner The two leaders agreed to upgrade the bilateral relationship to a ‘Special Strategic Partnership’ Recalling the historical and cultural bonds that connect the two peoples, the two sides noted that their shared commitment to values of democracy, open society and liberal international economic order has further strengthened the foundation of the ROK-India Special Strategic Partnership The two leaders resolved to add new substance, speed and content in the partnership in a wide range of areas including foreign affairs, defense, trade and investment, science and technology, culture and people-to-people exchanges and regional cooperation to take the bilateral relations to a qualitatively higher level Political and Security Relations India sees the ROK as an indispensable partner in its "Act East" strategy, and the ROK and India recognize the value of the bilateral partnership and its contribution to bringing peace, stability and security in the Asia Pacific Region President Park informed Prime Minister Modi about ROK’s Northeast Asia Peace and Cooperation Initiative (NAPCI) Prime Minister welcomed ROK's desire to enhance cooperation and security among countries in the Asia-Pacific region The two leaders agreed that the two sides should work together to find complementarities between NAPCI and Act East Policy to achieve shared goals 101 The two sides agreed to further intensify bilateral high-level exchanges They shared the view that bilateral defence and security cooperation has large potential to grow Welcoming the visit of the Speaker of the Korean National Assembly to India in May 2015, the two sides hoped for increased exchange of India-Korea parliamentary delegations They shared the view that the exchange of India-Korea parliamentary delegations will contribute towards greater interaction and understanding between the two Parliaments To substantiate the Special Strategic Partnership the two sides agreed to the following: a Establish annual Summit meetings, in either country, or on the margins of plurilateral events; b Hold Joint Commissions led by the two Foreign Ministers annually; c Facilitate greater parliamentary exchanges to strengthen democratic institutions in their respective regions; d Strengthen the partnerships between Indian and Korean institutions of defense education, including the National Defence College of India and the National Defense University of Korea, by activating the dispatch of military officers for education; e Further strengthen regular consultations between the National Security Council structures of the two countries on security, defence and cyber related issues; f Establish a joint Vice Ministerial level defence and foreign affairs dialogue in the “2+2” Format; g Encourage greater cooperation between their shipyards for defence needs; h Pursue further deepening of defence cooperation through commencement of staff level talks between the two navies and regular exchanges of visits between the two armed forces; 102 i Seek the means of the cyber security cooperation to prepare against transnational cyber threats; j Cooperate appropriately in the area of UN Peacekeeping; and k Hold a track 1.5 dialogue annually between Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security of ROK (IFANS) - Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA) Trade and Investment President Park welcomed India’s ‘Make in India’ initiative as it provides new avenues to enrich and add substance to the bilateral relations Prime Minister Modi invited the ROK to become a privileged partner in ‘Make in India’ to which President Park conveyed her appreciation Both leaders acknowledged that trade and investment between both countries have enormous potential for further development They directed their respective officials to undertake in-depth consultations to leverage fully the potential of the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between the Republic of Korea and the Republic of India and to make full use of the current discussion mechanisms under the CEPA, such as the Joint Committee, for that purpose Recognizing the salience of trade and investment to the bilateral partnership, the leaders called upon the business community from India and Korea to leverage the enormous synergies between their economies for mutual prosperity The leaders welcomed: a Signing of the revised Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement; b The Ministry of Strategy and Finance and the Export-Import Bank of Korea expressed their intention to provide US $10 billion for mutual cooperation in infrastructure, comprising Economic Development Cooperation Fund (US $ billion) and export credits (US $ billion) for priority sectors, including smart cities, railways, power generation and transmission, and other sectors to be agreed The two governments and the EXIM Banks of the two countries will hold consultations to chalk out a roadmap in order to materialize the envisioned financial support for priority sectors; 103 c Commencement of negotiations to amend the India-Korea CEPA by June 2016 with a view to achieving qualitative and quantitative increase of trade through an agreed roadmap; d Mutual cooperation to be explored for enabling cities with updated technologies including smart grids for building of smart cities, in view of their crucial influence on improving the quality of residential environments and achieving sustainable economic development; e Cooperation in the steel sector by encouraging the steel industry of both countries to develop mutually beneficial projects; f Interest of companies of the two countries in cooperation in the area of shipbuilding, including the construction of Indian vessels such as LNG carriers The Indian government expressed its hope to discuss partnership with Korea with an aim to modernize the Indian shipbuilding industry The governments of both countries decided to provide support for facilitating private sector discussion on ways to cooperate in this area A Joint Working Group that includes the government and private sectors of the two countries will be established to facilitate cooperation in the shipbuilding sector; g Cooperation for stable maritime transport, possible joint business projects in the area of shipping and logistics, and promotion of employment of both countries’ seafarers; h Cooperation to expedite the necessary procedures for mutual export of fresh fruits and horticultural products; i Progress made in establishment of the Korean Industrial Park in the State of Rajasthan They agreed that the Industrial Park will help Korean small and medium enterprises to benefit from ‘Make in India’ initiative They shared the same view that it is desirable to establish more offices of both countries’ respective trade agencies, including KOTRA, to facilitate trade, investment and industrial cooperation between the two countries; 104 j The first meeting of the Korea-India CEO Forum which will be held in Seoul on 19 May 2015 The CEO Forum will play a significant role to boost exchanges and dialogues between enterprises of the two countries, enhance mutual investment and further pragmatic bilateral business cooperation; and k The decision to set up an India-Korea Joint Working Group in the field of Electronics Hardware manufacturing to enhance co-operation and facilitate business collaboration through joint ventures and technology transfer on a commercial basis between Indian and Korean electronics manufacturing companies, and the creation of a business friendly environment in this field 10 Reaffirming the important role that friendly contact between the Indian and Korean people has played in building this partnership, the two leaders welcomed and encouraged the ongoing efforts, including through an aviation cooperation conference, by their respective civil aviation authorities to amend the bilateral Air Services Agreement with a view to enhancing flight connectivity and to covering more cities Technology, Energy and Environment 11 President Park lauded Prime Minister's Swacch Bharat Abhiyan as an effort to transform India Recognizing that Saemaul Undong (SMU), Korea’s successful rural development initiative in the 1970s, can make a substantial contribution to accomplishing the vision of Swacch Bharat Abhiyan, the two leaders agreed that both sides would promote cooperation to create synergies by combining development experiences of both sides 12 Recognizing the integral link between economic growth, preservation of environment and clean energy, India and Korea agreed to enhance exchanges between their respective Ministries and agencies 13 Lauding the Korean Green Economy initiative, India expressed willingness to work with Korea for mutually-beneficial partnerships in deploying innovative policies and technologies to improve urban water and air quality and to protect natural resources 105 14 The two leaders expressed their appreciation on ongoing cooperation in science & technology and noted that joint R&D projects are being implemented in focused areas of Renewable Energy, Materials Science, Robotics & Engineering Sciences and Health Sciences The leaders further emphasized that both sides should develop strong academia-industry connect programmes in areas such as Cleantech, Robotics & Automation and Electronics System Design & Manufacturing (ESDM), which can address economic and societal challenges of the two countries 15 Two sides agreed that cooperation in space sector has many possibilities They welcomed the agreement between Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) to pursue cooperation in the areas of lunar exploration, satellite navigation and space science and application as below: a Deep space cross tracking and communication support for Korean and Indian deep space missions; b Sharing of data of lunar surface and radiation data collected by Chandrayan– 1; c Collaboration in GAGAN-KASS interoperability and sharing experience in GAGAN (GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation system) and KASS (Korea Augmentation Satellite System); d Technological cooperation in the field of space science and its application, satellite launch, and other areas they agree; and e Holding working-level talks regularly between ISRO and KARI to strengthen the substantive way of cooperation in the areas mentioned above Culture, Education and People-to-People Exchanges 16 In view of the long history of cultural contact between the Indian and Korean people, President Park welcomed Prime Minister Modi's decision to send a full Festival of India in Korea in autumn of 2015 India also welcomed an opportunity to host a Festival of Korea in India in 2016 In this context, the two leaders also welcomed efforts to strengthen their historic connection by enhancing linkages of 106 Korean people with Ayodhya, and agreed to upgrade the monument for Queen Suriratna /Hur Hwang-ok in Ayodhya as a joint project between the two sides President Park expressed deep appreciation of Korean people for the gift of holy Bodhi tree sapling 17 The President and the Prime Minister called for an intensification of youth delegations to encourage greater understanding and interaction between the future leaders of the two countries Indian side expressed interest in enhancing cooperation among educational institutes of the two sides, including among relevant technological institutes and in language teaching 18 Both leaders agreed to encourage establishment of twin city and twin province/state relationships to deepen and broaden people-to-people exchanges 19 Korea invited India to participate in the exhibition titled "Masterpieces of Early Buddhist Sculpture, 100 BCE-700CE” which will commemorate National Museum of Korea’s 10th anniversary of reconstruction and opening to the public India welcomed the invitation and agreed to actively cooperate for the exhibition The two leaders hoped to promote mutual understanding and appreciation between the two countries, and to broaden cultural relations of the two countries In addition, they agreed to further explore cooperation on preservation, restoration, and joint research in the field of cultural heritage of both countries 20 India invited Korea to participate in the two day seminar on "Shared Heritage as New Variable in the Indo-Korean Relations: Historicizing the Legend of Princess from Ayodhya and its Legacy” being organized by Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) in collaboration with India International Center in New Delhi Korea welcomed the invitation Regional and Multilateral Cooperation 21 The two leaders underlined the paramount importance of peace and stability on the Korean peninsula In this regard, they expressed concern over the development of DPRK’s nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programs, which is in violation of its international obligations and commitments They urged the DPRK to fully comply with all of its international obligations, including under the relevant UN Security 107 Council resolutions, and to fulfil its commitments under the 2005 Joint Statement of the Six-Party Talks Prime Minister Modi expressed support for President Park's efforts to build trust in the Korean peninsula and to lay the groundwork for peaceful reunification of the Korean peninsula 22 Recognizing the increasing and evolving threat posed to world peace and stability from international terrorism, the two leaders reiterated their commitment to the eradication of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations and called on international community to work closely to address this challenge They called for an early conclusion of negotiations on the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism They recognized the need to eliminate terrorist safe havens and infrastructure, disrupt terrorist networks and their financing, and stop cross-border movement of terrorists, including by implementing the relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions, as well as enhancing countering violent extremism efforts They called on all States to work sincerely to achieve these objectives 23 President Park highlighted her Eurasia Initiative and the Northeast Asia Peace and Cooperation Initiative (NAPCI), and agreed to explore ways to work with India's Act East and Connect Central Asia policies for the common prosperity of the region Prime Minister Modi also expressed his willingness to explore ways to work with the NAPCI and the Eurasia Initiative for the peace and stability of the region and beyond 24 India and the ROK underlined their shared interest in strengthening global non-proliferation objectives The ROK took note of India’s wish to join the international export control regimes and agreed that India’s entry will have a positive influence on strengthening the global non-proliferation regimes The ROK expressed its support for India’s early membership of the four multilateral export control regimes, namely, the Nuclear Suppliers Group, Missile Technology Control Regime, Australia Group and Wassenaar Arrangement, based upon consensus within each regime 25 Recognizing the need for comprehensive UN reforms including Security Council expansion to make the body more representative, accountable and effective, 108 both sides agreed to work towards UNSC reforms to reflect contemporary realities and include major developing countries 26 Prime Minister Modi thanked President Park and the Government and People of the ROK for the warmth of their hospitality The two leaders agreed that this Summit meeting had qualitatively raised the partnership to the next level Prime Minister Modi invited President Park to visit India again soon to ensure that the high momentum of this partnership is sustained President Park accepted the invitation with pleasure 27 During the visit following Agreements and MOUs were signed in the presence of the two leaders: a Agreement between the Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the Republic of Korea for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income; b Agreement between the Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the Republic of Korea on Cooperation in Audio-Visual Coproduction; c MOU for Cooperation between the National Security Council Secretariat of the Republic of India and the Office of National Security of the Republic of Korea; d MOU between the Ministry of Power of the Republic of India and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea concerning Cooperation in the field of Electric Power Development and New Energy Industries; e MOU between the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports of the Republic of India and the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family of the Republic of Korea on Cooperation in Youth Matters; f Framework of Cooperation in the Field of Road Transport and Highways between the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways of the Republic of 109 India and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of the Republic of Korea; and g MOU between the Ministry of Shipping of the Republic of India and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries of the Republic of Korea on Cooperation in the Fields of Maritime Transport and Logistics Seoul May 18th 2015 Nguồn: Government of India, http://mea.gov.in/bilateraldocuments.htm?dtl/25261/India Republic_of_Korea_Joint_Statement_for_Special _Strategic_Partnership_May_18_2015 [truy cập: ngày 10/01/2018] 110 ... dung quan hệ Ấn Độ Hàn Quốc từ năm 2000 đến 2015: quan hệ trị ngoại giao, quan hệ kinh tế, quốc phòng, văn hóa - xã hội Thứ ba, rút số nhận xét quan hệ Ấn Độ - Hàn Quốc từ năm 2000 đến 2015 đánh... 1: Sự hình thành, phát triển nhân tố tác động đến quan hệ Ấn Độ - Hàn Quốc từ năm 2000 đến 2015 1.1 Sự hình thành phát triển quan hệ Ấn Độ - Hàn Quốc từ 1953 đến 2000 1.2 Bối cảnh quốc tế khu... 1: SỰ HÌNH THÀNH, PHÁT TRIỂN VÀ NHỮNG NHÂN TỐ TÁC ĐỘNG ĐẾN QUAN HỆ ẤN ĐỘ - HÀN QUỐC TỪ NĂM 2000 ĐẾN 2015 10 1.1 Sự hình thành phát triển quan hệ Ấn Độ - Hàn Quốc từ 1953 đến 2000 10 1.1.1