PSS là phần mềm phổ biến trong tính toán điều độ lưới điện phân phối. phần mềm không thể thPSS là phần mềm phổ biến trong tính toán điều độ lưới điện phân phối. phần mềm không thể thiếu của các kỹ sư vận hành lưới điện cao thếiếu của các kỹ sư vận hành lưới điện cao thế
PSS/ADEPT™ USERS MANUAL April 2004 1482 Erie Boulevard Schenectady, NY 12301-1058 518.395.5000 www.pti-us.com Copyright© 1998-2004 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc.™ Information in this manual and any software described herein is confidential and subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Shaw Power Technologies, Inc The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, for any purpose other than the purchaser’s personal use, without the express written permission of Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Visual C++ are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Table of Contents Chapter - Welcome to PSS/ADEPT 1.1 About the PSS/ADEPT Application .1-1 1.1.1 Application Capabilities 1-1 1.1.2 Optional Features 1-1 1.2 Getting Help 1-2 1.2.1 Using This Documentation .1-2 1.2.2 Using the Online Help 1-3 1.2.3 Contacting PTI for Support .1-3 1.2.4 Submitting Bug Reports and Feature Requests .1-4 1.3 Installing and Using PSS/ADEPT 1-5 1.4 The PSS/ADEPT Application Window 1-6 1.4.1 Views 1-6 1.4.2 The Status Bar .1-16 1.4.3 The Main Menu 1-17 1.4.4 Toolbars .1-18 1.5 Setting PSS/ADEPT Program Properties 1-27 1.6 Setting Diagram View Properties 1-32 1.6.1 Setting Default Diagram Properties 1-34 1.6.2 Resetting Diagram Properties 1-34 1.7 Setting Default Item Properties 1-35 1.8 Opening and Saving Files in PSS/ADEPT 1-38 1.8.1 Opening Native PSS/ADEPT Files .1-38 1.8.2 Opening PSS/U Raw Data Files 1-39 1.8.3 Opening PSS/Engines Hub Files 1-39 1.8.4 Saving Files 1-40 1.8.5 Merging Files 1-40 1.8.5.1 Duplicate Node Names Not Allowed 1-42 1.8.5.2 Duplicate Node Names Allowed 1-43 Chapter - Creating a Network Model 2.1 Overview: Creating a Network Model 2-1 2.2 Creating a New Diagram .2-1 2.3 Setting Network Model Properties .2-2 2.4 Adding a Node .2-4 2.5 Adding a Shunt Device 2-5 2.6 Adding a Branch 2-6 2.7 Defining a Group 2-8 Confidential Shaw Power Technologies, Inc i Table of Contents PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual 2.8 Defining a Load Category 2-11 2.9 Defining Network Economics 2-14 2.10 Defining Item Ordering Method 2-15 2.11 Completing the Network Diagram .2-18 2.12 Saving the Network Model 2-19 2.13 Printing the Diagram 2-20 2.13.1 Specifying Print Options .2-20 2.13.2 Specifying Print Settings 2-21 2.13.3 Previewing the Diagram Before Printing 2-22 2.13.4 Printing a Network Diagram 2-23 2.14 Adjusting the PSS/ADEPT Display 2-23 2.14.1 Hiding Views 2-23 2.14.2 Docking Views 2-24 2.14.3 Floating the Progress View 2-25 2.14.4 Zooming the Diagram 2-26 2.14.5 Scaling/Offsetting Diagram Coordinates 2-27 2.14.6 Panning the Diagram 2-28 2.14.7 Navigating Using the Mouse Wheel .2-28 2.14.8 Centering Items in the Diagram View 2-28 2.14.9 Saving Diagram Views 2-28 2.14.10 Working with Layers .2-29 2.14.11 Importing and Exporting Image Files 2-31 2.14.12 Using Knee Points 2-32 2.14.13 Locking the Diagram 2-34 2.14.14 Working with Item Labels .2-34 2.14.14.1 Setting Multiple Label Fonts 2-36 2.14.14.2 Controlling Result Label Visibility 2-37 2.14.14.3 Configuring Point Node Labels 2-37 2.14.14.4 Applying Separate Labels to Node Names and Results 2-38 2.14.14.5 Positioning Branch Result Labels 2-38 2.15 Autopositioning Diagram Symbols 2-39 2.16 Rotating Diagram Items .2-39 2.17 Using Ports and Links .2-39 Chapter - Editing a Network Model 3.1 ii Overview: Editing a Network Model 3-1 3.1.1 Basic Editing Features 3-1 3.1.2 Editing Item Properties 3-2 3.1.3 Using the Grid Editor 3-2 3.1.3.1 Opening the Grid Editor 3-3 3.1.3.2 Modifying Network Items 3-4 3.1.3.3 Using Copy and Paste in the Grid View 3-7 3.1.3.4 Finding Data in a Cell .3-8 3.1.3.5 Exporting the Grid View 3-8 3.1.3.6 Changing Format and Display Settings of Grid Cells .3-9 3.1.3.7 Printing the Grid View 3-11 3.1.3.8 Zooming Capabilities 3-14 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Confidential PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Table of Contents 3.2 Opening an Existing Network Diagram .3-15 3.3 Selecting Items 3-15 3.3.1 Selecting a Single Item 3-16 3.3.2 Selecting Multiple Adjacent Items 3-17 3.3.3 Selecting Multiple Nonadjacent Items 3-18 3.3.4 Selecting All Items 3-19 3.3.5 Deselecting All Items 3-19 3.3.6 Selecting a Group 3-19 3.3.7 Selecting an Island .3-20 3.3.8 Selecting by Load Category 3-21 3.3.9 Selecting Nodes in a Given Base Voltage Range 3-22 3.3.10 Selecting a Tree 3-23 3.3.11 Selection Filters 3-24 3.4 Annotating the Diagram .3-25 3.5 Editing Nodes 3-27 3.5.1 Moving Nodes 3-27 3.5.2 Copying Nodes .3-27 3.5.3 Resizing Nodes 3-29 3.5.4 Deleting Nodes .3-29 3.5.5 Toggling Node Symbols .3-29 3.5.6 Changing Node Properties 3-30 3.6 Editing Branches .3-32 3.6.1 Moving Branches 3-32 3.6.2 Copying Branches 3-33 3.6.3 Deleting Branches 3-33 3.6.4 Changing Line Properties .3-34 3.6.5 Changing Switch Properties 3-38 3.6.6 Changing Transformer Properties 3-41 3.6.7 Changing Series Capacitor/Reactor Properties 3-50 3.7 Editing Shunt Devices .3-54 3.7.1 Moving Shunt Devices 3-54 3.7.2 Copying Shunt Devices 3-55 3.7.3 Deleting Shunt Devices 3-55 3.7.4 Changing Static Load Properties 3-56 3.7.5 Changing MWh Load Properties 3-60 3.7.6 Changing Source Properties 3-63 3.7.7 Changing Induction Machine Properties 3-67 3.7.8 Changing Synchronous Machine Properties 3-74 3.7.9 Changing Capacitor Properties 3-81 3.7.10 Changing Standard Fault Properties 3-83 3.8 Workspace Management 3-85 3.9 Load and Machine Scaling 3-87 3.9.1 Load Scaling 3-87 3.9.2 Machine Scaling 3-89 3.9.3 MWh Load Scaling .3-90 3.9.4 Automatic Load Scaling 3-91 3.10 Rephasing the Network .3-98 3.10.1 Device Rephasing Details 3-99 3.11 Creating Load Snapshots 3-102 Confidential Shaw Power Technologies, Inc iii Table of Contents PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Chapter - Analyzing Network Models 4.1 Overview: Analyzing Network Models 4-1 4.1.1 PSS/ADEPT Analysis Conventions 4-2 4.2 Built-In Data Validation Options 4-2 4.2.1 Automatic Validation of Input Data 4-2 4.2.2 User-Initiated Network Validation 4-4 4.3 Viewing Results on the Diagram 4-5 4.3.1 Setting General Analysis Options 4-5 4.3.2 Color Coding the Analysis Results 4-7 4.3.3 Reporting Results on the Network Diagram 4-8 4.3.3.1 Flow Arrows 4-8 4.3.3.2 Load Flow and Short Circuit Result Options 4-9 4.4 Calculating Load Flow 4-15 4.4.1 Setting Load Flow Analysis Options .4-15 4.4.2 Performing a Load Flow Analysis 4-19 4.4.3 How PSS/ADEPT Calculates Load Flow Solutions 4-20 4.5 Calculating Short Circuits 4-25 4.5.1 Setting Short Circuit Analysis Options 4-26 4.5.2 Performing a Short Circuit Analysis 4-28 4.5.3 How PSS/ADEPT Calculates Short Circuit Solutions 4-29 4.5.4 Thevenin Equivalent Impedance 4-30 4.6 Calculating Motor Starting 4-33 4.6.1 Setting Motor Starting Analysis Options .4-33 4.6.2 Performing a Motor Starting Analysis 4-34 4.6.3 How PSS/ADEPT Calculates Motor Starting Solutions 4-35 4.7 Optimal Capacitor Placement (CAPO) 4-37 4.7.1 Setting CAPO Network Economics 4-37 4.7.2 How PSS/ADEPT Calculates CAPO Financials 4-38 4.7.3 Setting CAPO Analysis Options 4-39 4.7.4 How PSS/ADEPT Calculates Capacitor Placement .4-40 4.7.5 Performing an Optimal Capacitor Placement Analysis 4-43 4.7.6 Reporting CAPO Analysis Results .4-43 4.8 Tie Open Point Optimization (TOPO) 4-44 4.8.1 Setting TOPO Network Economics 4-45 4.8.2 Setting TOPO Analysis Options 4-45 4.8.3 Performing a Tie Open Point Optimization Analysis 4-46 4.8.4 Reporting TOPO Analysis Results .4-47 4.9 How PSS/ADEPT Calculates Voltage and Current Unbalances .4-48 4.9.1 Voltage Unbalance .4-48 4.9.2 Current Unbalance .4-51 4.10 How PSS/ADEPT Calculates Power Factor Limits 4-54 Chapter - Results Reporting iv 5.1 Overview: Reporting Results .5-1 5.2 Selectable Tabular Reports 5-1 5.2.1 Branch Current Reports 5-2 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Confidential PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5 5.2.6 5.2.7 5.2.8 5.2.9 5.2.10 5.2.11 5.2.12 5.2.13 5.2.14 5.2.15 Table of Contents Branch Power Report .5-2 Branch Power Losses Report 5-2 Input List of Network Data Report 5-2 Node Voltage Reports 5-2 Shunt Current Reports 5-3 Shunt Power Report .5-4 Status Reports 5-4 Network Summary Report 5-4 Power Flow Summary 5-4 Power Flow Details 5-5 Fault All Current Report 5-5 Capacitor Placement Optimization (CAPO) Report 5-5 Tie Open Point Optimization (TOPO) Report 5-5 Distribution Reliability Analysis (DRA) Report 5-5 5.3 Setting the Report File Location 5-5 5.4 Setting Report Units 5-6 5.5 Setting Report Options 5-8 5.6 Reporting on a Selection .5-9 5.7 Previewing the Report 5-9 5.8 Exporting a Report to Another Format 5-10 5.9 Creating and Designing Reports Using Crystal Reports 5-11 Chapter - Line Properties Calculator 6.1 Overview: Line Properties Calculator 6-1 6.1.1 Nomenclature 6-2 6.2 Using the Line Properties Calculator 6-3 6.2.1 Corridor View 6-5 6.2.2 Status Bar .6-12 6.2.3 Menu Bar 6-12 6.2.3.1 File Menu .6-12 6.2.3.2 Edit Menu .6-12 6.2.3.3 View Menu 6-12 6.2.3.4 Analysis Menu 6-12 6.2.3.5 Options Menu .6-12 6.2.3.6 Window Menu 6-12 6.2.3.7 Help Menu 6-13 6.2.4 Toolbar 6-13 6.2.5 Zoom and Refresh Capabilities 6-13 6.2.6 Setting Options .6-14 6.2.6.1 Users Options 6-14 6.2.6.2 Circuit Options 6-16 6.2.6.3 Corridor Options 6-17 6.3 Corridor Files .6-21 6.3.1 Opening/Saving/Printing Corridor Files 6-21 6.3.1.1 Opening a Corridor File 6-21 6.3.1.2 Saving a Corridor File 6-22 6.3.1.3 Printing a Corridor File 6-23 Confidential Shaw Power Technologies, Inc v PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Table of Contents 6.3.2 6.3.3 Modifying Corridor Files .6-25 6.3.2.1 Selecting a Circuit 6-25 6.3.2.2 Adjusting Circuit Properties 6-26 6.3.2.3 Copying a Circuit 6-26 6.3.2.4 Pasting a Circuit 6-27 6.3.2.5 Deleting a Circuit 6-27 6.3.2.6 Deleting All Circuits 6-28 Analyzing Corridor Files .6-28 6.3.3.1 Automatic Validation 6-28 6.3.3.2 User-Initiated Validation .6-29 6.3.3.3 Performing an Analysis 6-29 6.3.3.4 Calculation Results 6-32 6.3.3.5 Saving Output to a File 6-39 6.3.3.6 Saving Impedances to the Construction Dictionary .6-40 Chapter - Protection and Coordination vi 7.1 Overview: Protection and Coordination .7-1 7.2 Adding Protection Equipment Packs 7-1 7.3 Editing Protection Equipment Packs 7-3 7.3.1 Editing Selected Devices 7-9 7.3.1.1 Editing Fuses .7-11 7.3.1.2 Editing Relays 7-12 7.3.1.3 Editing Transformer Damage Curves 7-14 7.3.1.4 Editing Cable/Conductor Damage Curves 7-18 7.3.1.5 Editing Reclosers 7-21 7.3.1.6 Editing Machine Protection Curves 7-24 7.4 Performing a Coordination Study 7-27 7.4.1 Preparing for a Coordination Study 7-27 7.4.2 The Coordination View 7-27 7.4.2.1 The Coordination Menu Bar 7-29 7.4.2.2 Coordination Curve Plot Annotation .7-29 7.4.2.3 Changing Protective Device Settings 7-29 7.4.2.4 The Coordination List View 7-30 7.4.2.5 Printing the Coordination View .7-31 7.5 The Protective Device Database .7-32 7.5.1 Fuse Tables 7-32 7.5.1.1 Fuse .7-32 7.5.1.2 Fuse Catalog 7-33 7.5.1.3 Fuse Curve 7-34 7.5.2 Relay Tables 7-35 7.5.2.1 Relay 7-35 7.5.2.2 Relay Catalog .7-36 7.5.2.3 Relay Curve 7-37 7.5.3 Recloser Table .7-38 7.5.3.1 RecloserMfrSpecs 7-38 7.5.3.2 RecloserRatings 7-39 7.5.3.3 RecloserTCCCurve 7-40 7.5.4 Using the Protective Device Database Interface 7-41 7.5.4.1 Adding Fuses .7-42 7.5.4.2 Adding Relays 7-43 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Confidential PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Table of Contents 7.5.5 7.5.6 7.5.4.3 Adding Reclosers 7-44 7.5.4.4 Viewing and Modifying Fuses .7-45 7.5.4.5 Viewing and Modifying Relays .7-46 7.5.4.6 Viewing and Modifying Reclosers 7-47 7.5.4.7 Updating Device Manufacturers 7-48 7.5.4.8 Removing Devices .7-49 Printing the Contents of the Database 7-52 Importing Customized Database Tables 7-53 Chapter - Harmonic Analysis 8.1 Overview: Harmonic Analysis 8-1 8.2 Adding Harmonic Injections 8-2 8.2.1 Adding Harmonic Injections to Shunt Items 8-3 8.2.2 Adding Harmonic Injections to Transformers 8-4 8.2.3 Adding Harmonic Injections to Nodes 8-5 8.3 Editing Harmonic Injections 8-6 8.4 Adding Harmonic Filters 8-7 8.5 Editing Harmonic Filters 8-8 8.6 Setting Harmonic Analysis Options 8-10 8.7 Performing a Harmonic Analysis .8-11 8.8 Viewing Results of a Harmonic Analysis 8-12 8.8.1 Harmonic Voltage 8-13 8.8.2 Harmonics Spectrum 8-15 8.8.3 Impedance versus Frequency 8-16 8.8.4 Nodal Impedance 8-17 8.9 Harmonic Models Used in PSS/ADEPT 8-18 8.9.1 Static Loads 8-18 8.9.2 Induction Machines 8-19 8.9.3 Synchronous Machines 8-20 8.9.4 Shunt Capacitors 8-21 8.9.5 Lines and Cables 8-22 8.9.6 Transformers 8-24 Chapter - Distribution Reliability Analysis 9.1 Overview: Distribution Reliability Analysis (DRA) 9-1 9.1.1 Nomenclature 9-1 9.2 Using the Distribution Reliability Analysis Module .9-3 9.3 Using DRA Protection Equipment and Switches 9-5 9.3.1 Specifying Automatic Reclosing Devices .9-5 9.3.2 Specifying Breakers .9-5 9.3.3 Specifying Switches .9-6 9.3.4 Specifying Fuses 9-6 9.3.5 Specifying FuseSwitches .9-6 9.3.6 Specifying Tie Switches 9-6 9.4 Specifying Reliability Parameters and Device Types 9-7 9.4.1 Entering Reliability Parameters: Default 9-8 Confidential Shaw Power Technologies, Inc vii PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Table of Contents 9.4.2 9.4.3 9.4.4 Entering Reliability Parameters: Property Sheet 9-14 Entering Reliability Parameters: Construction Dictionary .9-17 Entering Reliability Parameters: Static Loads 9-19 9.5 Network and Analysis Limitations 9-21 9.6 Setting DRA Analysis Options 9-22 9.7 Setting DRA Analysis Result Display Options 9-24 9.8 Performing a DRA Analysis .9-26 9.9 Calculating Reliability Indices: Application Examples .9-26 9.9.1 Using DRA for Basic Historical Analysis 9-26 9.9.2 Example of Basic Analysis 9-27 9.9.3 Example of Predictive Analysis 9-29 Appendix A - Modeling and File Differences Between PSS/U and PSS/ADEPT viii A.1 Transformer Modeling A-1 A.1.1 Transformer Changes From PSS/U to PSS/ADEPT A-1 A.1.2 Transformers in PSS/ADEPT A-1 A.1.3 Reading Transformers From PSS/U Raw Data File into PSS/ADEPT A-6 A.1.3.1 Conversion of Transformer Types A-6 A.1.3.2 Calculation of Transformer Grounding Impedance A-8 A.1.4 Transformer Conversions Not Supported A-8 A.2 Transformer Modeling Rules and Hints A-10 A.2.1 Specifying Transformer Size A-10 A.2.2 Transformer Impedance A-10 A.2.3 Three-Winding Transformers A-10 A.2.4 Three-Legged Core Transformers A-11 A.2.5 Regulating Transformers A-12 A.2.6 Grounding Transformers A-13 A.2.7 Autotransformers A-13 A.3 Machine Modeling A-14 A.3.1 Synchronous Machines A-14 A.3.1.1 Synchronous Machine Load Flow Behavior A-14 A.3.1.2 Comparison of Synchronous Machine Load Flow Calculations A-15 A.3.1.3 Synchronous Machine Short Circuit Behavior A-15 A.3.1.4 Comparison of Synchronous Machine Short Circuit Calculation Between PSS/ADEPT and PSS/U A-15 A.3.1.5 Synchronous Machine Starting in PSS/ADEPT A-16 A.3.1.6 Comparison of Synchronous Machine Starting Between PSS/ADEPT and PSS/U A-18 A.3.2 PSS/ADEPT Induction Machine Model and Changes from PSS/U A-18 A.3.2.1 PSS/ADEPT Induction Machine Model A-18 A.3.2.2 The Basic Method to Specify an Induction Machine A-19 A.3.2.3 The Available Induction Machine Designs A-20 A.3.2.3.1 NEMA Designs A-20 A.3.2.3.2 IEC Designs A-21 A.3.2.4 Induction Machine Loadflow Comparison of PSS/ADEPT and PSS/U A-21 A.3.2.5 Locked Rotor Codes and Motor Starting Comparison A-22 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Confidential Database Field Formats Transformer Properties PSS/APEPT-5 Users Manual Table G-28 Transformer Properties (Cont.) Type Maximum Width Maximum Number of Decimals BC1 Number 18 BC1 – 0.0 for transformers BC0 Number 18 BC0 – 0.0 for transformers A1 Number 18 Rating (pu) A2 Number 18 Rating (pu) A3 Number 18 Rating (pu) A4 Number 18 Rating (pu) TYPE Character 18 Transformer type REMLOC Character 18 Regulated node on tapped/untapped side KVAT Number 18 Transformer kVA per phase TAP1 Number 18 Phase A tap position TAP2 Number 18 Phase B tap position TAP3 Number 18 Phase C tap position Character FROM or TO TMAX Number 18 Maximum tap position TMIN Number 18 Minimum tap position STEP Number 18 Tap step VMAX Number 18 Maximum voltage VMIN Number 18 Minimum voltage RCA Number 18 Compensating resistance (ohm) phase A XCA Number 18 Compensating reactance (ohm) phase A RCB Number 18 Compensating resistance (ohm) phase B XCB Number 18 Compensating reactance (ohm) phase B RCC Number 18 Compensating resistance (ohm) phase C XCC Number 18 Compensating reactance (ohm) phase C PTA Number 18 pt ratio phase A CTA Number 18 ct rating phase A PTB Number 18 pt ratio phase B CTB Number 18 ct rating phase B PTC Number 18 pt ratio phase C CTC Number 18 ct rating phase C TNODE Character 12 Tapped node RNODE Character 12 Regulated node Name TAPSIDE G-26 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Description Confidential PSS/APEPT-5 Users Manual Database Field Formats Transformer Properties Table G-28 Transformer Properties (Cont.) Type Maximum Width Maximum Number of Decimals TIMEDELAY Number 18 Time delay PHASESHIFT Number 18 Phase shift (deg) FRVOLT Number 18 FROM voltage (kV) TOVOLT Number 18 TO voltage (kV) FRGR Number 18 FROM grounding resistance FRGX Number 18 FROM grounding reactance TOGR Number 18 TO grounding resistance TOGX Number 18 TO grounding reactance Character Yes or No Name USERDEF Confidential Description Shaw Power Technologies, Inc G-27 Database Field Formats Voltage Levels PSS/APEPT-5 Users Manual G.29 Voltage Levels G.29.1 Filename: volts.dbf Table G-29 Voltage Levels Name KV Type Maximum Width Maximum Number of Decimals Character 10 Description Voltage in KV G.30 Distribution Reliability Analysis Results G.30.1 Filename: dra.dbf Table G-30 Distribution Reliability Analysis Results Type Maximum Width Maximum Number of Decimals PD Character 20 Protective device name NAME Character 20 Associated branch CS Number 12 Customer count CI Number 12 Customer interruptions SAIFI Number 12 System Average Interruption Frequency Index SAIDI Number 12 System Average Interruption Duration Index CAIFI Number 12 Customer Average Interruption Frequency Index CAIDI Number 12 Customer Average Interruption Duration Index Name G-28 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Description Confidential Appendix H Conductor Database Column Heading Description NAME !’-!’ Conductor Name TYPE - Conductor Type R_DC -(ohm/mi) dc resistance in ohm/mi at 25o C R_DC -(ohm/km) dc resistance in ohm/km at 25o C R_AC60 60 Hz (ohm/mi) ac resistance at 60 Hz in ohm/mi at 25o C R_AC60 60 Hz (ohm/km) ac resistance at 60 Hz in ohm/km at 25o C R_AC50 50 Hz (ohm/mi) ac resistance at 50 Hz in ohm/mi at 25o C R_AC50 50 Hz (ohm/km) ac resistance at 50 Hz in ohm/km at 25o C XL_60 60 Hz (ohm/mi) Inductive reactance at 1-ft spacing at 60 Hz in ohm/mi XL_60 60 Hz (ohm/km) Inductive reactance at 1-ft spacing at 60 Hz in ohm/km XL_50 50 Hz (ohm/mi) Inductive reactance at 1-ft spacing at 50 Hz in ohm/mi XL_50 50 Hz (ohm/km) Inductive reactance at 1-ft spacing at 50 Hz in ohm/km Confidential Shaw Power Technologies, Inc H-1 Conductor Database Column Heading Description XC_60 60 Hz (mohm-mi) Capacitive reactance at 1-ft spacing at 60 Hz in mohm-mi XC_60 60 Hz (mohm-km) Capacitive reactance at 1-ft spacing at 60 Hz in mohm-km XC_50 50 Hz (mohm-mi) Capacitive reactance at 1-ft spacing at 50 Hz in mohm-mi XC_50 50 Hz (mohm-km) Capacitive reactance at 1-ft spacing at 50 Hz in mohm-km AREA Aluminum (kcmil) AREA Total (sq-in.) AREA Total (sq-mm) OD -(in.) OD -(mm) Aluminum cross-sectional area in thousands of circular mils Total cross-sectional area of the conductor in in.2 (includes core area) Total cross-sectional area of the conductor in mm2 (includes core area) Conductor diameter (in.) Conductor diameter (mm) STRAND outer/core Stranding coefficient defined as the number of aluminum strands per number of core strands #STD-OL outer Number of aluminum strands in outer layer STR-DIA outer (in.) Diameter of outer stands (in.) STR-DIA outer (mm) Diameter of outer stands (mm) STR-DIA core (in.) Diameter of core stands (in.) STR-DIA core (mm) Diameter of core stands (mm) UTS -(lb) H-2 PSS/APEPT-5 Users Manual Rated breaking strength of the conductor (lb) Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Confidential PSS/APEPT-5 Users Manual Column Heading UTS -(kg) WGT -(lb/1000 ft) WGT -(kg/km) Amps -(A) Confidential Conductor Database Description Rated breaking strength of the conductor (kg) Total conductor weight (lb/1000 ft) Total conductor weight (kg/km) Ampacity based on 40oC conductor temperature rise over a 40oC ambient temperature with a 2ft/sec crosswind, 0.5 emissivity and no sun Shaw Power Technologies, Inc H-3 This page intentionally left blank H-4 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Confidential Index A acceleration factors A-33 adding a branch 2-6 adding a shunt 2-5 adding items to a group 2-9 adding items to a load category 2-12 adding nodes 2-4 analysis conventions 4-2 phases 4-2 analysis options CAPO 4-39 general 4-5 load flow 4-15 motor starting 4-33 short circuit 4-26 TOPO 4-45 B branches adding 2-6 copying 3-33 deleting 3-33 moving 3-32 C cable/conductor damage curves editing 7-18 capacitor changing properties 3-81 properties F-20 user-specified validation criteria C-4 CAPO result options 4-14 changing properties 2-2 color coding 1-33, 4-7 branches under power factor limit 4-8 by group 4-7 items by category 4-8 nodes by calculated voltage 4-7 nodes by nominal voltage 4-7 overloaded branches 4-7 unbalanced nodes, branches 4-8 compensating impedance 3-46 conductor/cable damage Confidential properties F-31 construction dictionary 1-27, 1-29, A-31 construction dictionary formats basic data record B-16 one-phase data records B-17 rating data record B-17 reliability data record B-17 two-phase data records B-17 coordinate scale factors 1-28, 1-30 coordination view annotation 7-29 list 7-30 menu bar 7-29 printing 7-31 settings 7-29 corridor files 6-21 adjusting circuit properties 6-26 analyzing 6-28 automatic validation 6-28 calculation results 6-32 copying a circuit 6-26 deleting a circuit 6-27 deleting all circuits 6-28 modifying 6-25 pasting a circuit 6-27 selecting a curcuit 6-25 user-initiated validation 6-29 creating a diagram 2-1 creating a network 2-1 D defining a group 2-8 defining economics 2-14 defining item ordering method 2-15 defining load categories 2-11 deleting a group 2-10 deleting a load category 2-13 deselecting items all 3-19 device database interface adding fuses 7-42 adding reclosers 7-44 adding relays 7-43 modifying fuses 7-45 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc IX-1 PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Index modifying reclosers 7-47 modifying relays 7-46 removing devices 7-49 updating manufacturers 7-48 diagram annotating 3-25 creating 2-1 knee points 2-32 layers 2-29 locking 2-34 navigating 2-28 panning 2-28 ports and links 2-39 symbol position 2-39 viewing results 4-5 diagram coordinates scaling/offsetting 2-27 diagram differences load and branch labels A-32 load flow results A-32 node labels A-32 shunt device labels A-33 transformer symbols A-32 diagram view 1-7 print preview 2-22 printing 2-20, 2-23 saving 2-28 zooming 2-26 displaying hidden diagram items 1-28, 1-30 distribution reliability analysis 9-1 automatic reclosing devices 9-5 breakers 9-5 construction dictionary 9-17 default parameters 9-8 fuses 9-6 fuseswitches 9-6 options 9-22 performing 9-26 reliability parameters 9-14 result display options 9-24 switches 9-6 tie switches 9-6 documentation conventions 1-2 abbreviations 1-2 click 1-2 double-click 1-2 right-click 1-2 E F fault all result options 4-11 nodes 4-11 filters selecting 3-24 flat transformers 1-25 flow arrows 4-8 fuses edting 7-11 properties F-26 G getting help 1-2 grid editor 3-2 copy/paste 3-7 exporting data 3-8 finding data 3-8 formatting 3-9 modifying network items 3-4 opening 3-3 printing 3-11 zooming 3-14 groups A-34 adding items 2-9 defining 2-8 deleting 2-10 selecting 3-19 viewing 2-9 H harmonic analysis 8-1 adding harmonic injections 8-2 analysis options 8-10 editing harmonic filters 8-8 editing harmonic injections 8-6 harmonic filters 8-7 harmonic models 8-18 nodes 8-5 shunt items 8-3 transformers 8-4 viewing results 8-12 help online 1-3 technical support 1-3 I economics A-34 defining 2-14 editing 7-3 IX-2 editing a network 3-1 equipment list view 1-9 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc image files 2-31 induction machine Confidential PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual automatic validation criteria C-3 available designs E-1 changing properties 3-67 grounding impedance 3-69 properties F-14 user-specified validation criteria C-4 input file 1-27, 1-29 islands selecting 3-20 item ordering method defining 2-15 items centering 2-28 deselecting all 3-19 labels 2-34 rotating 2-39 selecting 3-15 selecting all 3-19 selecting multiple adjacent 3-17 selecting multiple nonadjacent 3-18 selecting single 3-16 K knee points 2-32 L labels 2-34 branch results 2-38 fonts 2-36 point nodes 2-37 result visibility 2-37 layers 2-29 limits loads A-33 network size A-33 number loops A-33 power factor 4-54 line properties calculator 6-1 corridor view 6-4–6-5 menu bar 6-12 saving impedances 6-40 setting options 6-14 status bar 6-12 toolbar 6-13 lines changing properties 3-34 properties F-4 user-specified validation criteria C-4 links 2-39 load categories A-34 adding items 2-12 defining 2-11 Confidential Index deleting 2-13 selecting 3-21 viewing 2-12 load flow and short circuit result options 4-9 all 4-11 branches 4-10 branches and shunts 4-11 nodes 4-9 shunts 4-10 load flow solutions constant current load 4-24 constant impedance load 4-24 constant power load 4-23 induction machines 4-23 lines and cables 4-20 machine modeling 4-21 network representation 4-20 sources 4-20 static load modeling 4-23 synchronous machines 4-21, A-14 transformers 4-21 load snapshots A-34 creating 3-102 loads automatic validation criteria C-2 locking the diagram 2-34 M machine protection edting 7-24 properties F-34 main menu analysis 1-18 help 1-18 network 1-17 using 1-17 view 1-17 window 1-18 menus file 1-17 main 1-17 merging files 1-40 motor starting result options 4-11 motor starting solutions auto-transformer starting 4-35 machines being started 4-35, A-16 running machines 4-35 sources 4-35 MWh load changing properties 3-60 properties F-11 MWh loads A-34 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc IX-3 PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Index N name identifiers A-33 navigating the diagram 2-28 network automatic validation criteria C-1 creating 2-1 editing 3-1 properties F-1 rephasing 3-98 nodes adding 2-4 automatic validation criteria C-1 changing properties 3-30 copying 3-27 deleting 3-29 moving 3-27 properties F-3 resizing 3-29 selecting in base voltage range 3-22 toggling symbols 3-29 O opening files 3-15 corridor files 6-21 Hub files 1-39 native files 1-38 raw data files 1-39, A-6 over current relays properties F-27 P panning the diagram 2-28 parameter file differences A-31 performing analysis CAPO 4-43 load flow 4-19 motor starting 4-34 short circuit 4-28 TOPO 4-46 ports 2-39 print options 2-20 print preview diagram view 2-22 print settings 2-21 printing files corridor files 6-23 printing the diagram 2-20, 2-23 progress view 1-14 properties diagram view 1-32 network 2-2 IX-4 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc nodes 3-30 reliability 2-3 protection and coordination 7-1 coordination study 7-27 coordination view 7-27 device database 7-32 device database interface 7-41 editing cable/conductor damage curves 718 editing fuses 7-11 editing machine protection curves 7-24 editing reclosers 7-21 editing relays 7-12 editing transformer damage curves 7-14 equipment packs 7-1, 7-3 fuse tables 7-32 importing customized database tables 7-53 printing device database 7-52 recloser tables 7-38 relay tables 7-35 protection equipment properties F-25 R raw data file asynchronous machine load B-12 capacitor data section B-14 format B-1 line or cable data B-4 load data section B-10 load type definitions B-10 machine loads B-12 MWh load data section B-13 node declaration section B-3 series capacitor or series reactor data B-6 source data section B-3 switch data B-5 synchronous machine load B-12 system parameters section B-2 tie switch data B-5 title section B-2 transformer data B-6 transformer tap changing data section B-7 transformer type codes B-8 reclosers edting 7-21 properties F-33 relays edting 7-12 report database branch results G-1 capacitor properties G-5 Confidential PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual CAPO results G-4 CAPO summary G-4 CAPO switching schedule G-5 device groups G-6 device limits G-6 DRA G-28 fault all current results G-7 induction machine properties G-8 line/cable properties G-9 load flow summary G-10 load properties G-11 load snapshots G-12 network economics G-12 node properties G-13 node results G-13 series capacitor/reactor properties G-15 shunt status G-16 source properties G-18 standard fault properties G-19 static load summary G-19–G-20 switch properties G-21 synchronous machine properties G-22 system totals G-23 titles and comments G-25 TOPO results G-24 transfomer properties G-25 voltage levels G-28 report file 1-27, 1-29 report options 5-8 description 5-8 sort by 5-8 report preview 1-15, 5-9 report units 5-6 angle 5-7 current 5-7 power and losses 5-7 voltage 5-6 reports creating and designing 5-11 exporting 5-10 restoring last saved workspace 1-28, 1-30 root node 2-3, 2-15 S saving diagram views 2-28 saving files 2-19 corridor files 6-22 image 2-31 raw data A-8 scaling automatic 3-91 loads 3-87 Confidential Index machines 3-89 MWh loads 3-90 scaling/offsetting diagram coordinates 2-27 selecting groups 3-19 selecting islands 3-20 selecting items 3-15 all 3-19 filters 3-24 multiple adjacent 3-17 multiple nonadjacent 3-18 single 3-16 selecting load categories 3-21 series capacitor/reactor automatic validation criteria C-2 changing properties 3-50 properties F-23 user-specified validation criteria C-4 setting default item properties 1-35 setting diagram view properties 1-32 color coding 1-33 colors 1-33 default 1-34 fonts 1-33 item labels 1-33 resetting 1-34 setting network properties 2-2 root node 2-3 setting program properties 1-27 construction dictionary 1-27, 1-29 coordinate scale factors 1-28, 1-30 displaying hidden diagram items 1-28, 1-30 input file 1-27, 1-29 report file 1-27, 1-29 restoring last saved workspace 1-28, 1-30 static load property sheet display 1-28, 130 tooltips 1-30 transformer symbols 1-28, 1-30 setting reliability properties 2-3 short circuit solutions lines and cables 4-29 machine modeling 4-30, A-15 sources 4-29 static load modeling 4-30 transformers 4-29 shunt capacitors automatic validation criteria C-2 shunts adding 2-5 copying 3-55 deleting 3-55 moving 3-54 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc IX-5 PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Index source angle A-34 automatic validation criteria C-2 changing properties 3-63 grounding impedance 3-65 multiple A-34 properties F-13 user-specified validation criteria C-4 specifying print options 2-20 specifying print settings 2-21 standard fault changing properties 3-83 properties F-24 static load A-35 changing properties 3-56 grounding impedance 3-57 properties F-9 static load property sheet display 1-28, 1-30 status bar using 1-16 switches automatic validation criteria C-1 changing properties 3-38 properties F-22 synchronous machine automatic validation criteria C-3 changing properties 3-74 grounding impedance 3-78 properties F-16 user-specified validation criteria C-4 T tabular reports branch current 5-2 branch power 5-2 branch power losses 5-2 CAPO 5-5 DRA 5-5 fault all current 5-5 input list of network data 5-2 network summary 5-4 node voltage 5-2 power flow summary 5-4 shunt current 5-3 shunt power 5-4 status 5-4 TOPO 5-5 thevenin equivalent impedance 4-30 toolbars 1-18 analysis 1-25 copying a button 1-21 creating 1-21 IX-6 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc customizing 1-20 deleting a button 1-22 diagram 1-23 file 1-23 hiding 1-21 moving 1-20 report 1-27 resetting 1-22 results 1-26 saving 1-22 tooltip 1-18 zoom 1-26 tooltips 1-30 TOPO result options 4-13 transformer damage properties F-29 transformer damage curves edting 7-14 transformer modeling A-1 auto A-13 grounding A-13 impedance A-10 regulating A-12 size A-10 three winding A-10 three-legged core A-11 transformer symbols 1-28, 1-30 transformers automatic validation criteria C-2 calculating compensating impedance 3-46 changing properties 3-41 compensating impedance 3-46 conversions not supported A-8 grounding impedance 3-43 properties F-5 user-specified validation criteria C-4 tree selecting 3-23 U unbalance current 4-51 voltage 4-48 using PSS/ADEPT diagram view 1-6–1-7 equipment list view 1-6, 1-9 exiting 1-5 installing 1-5 main menu 1-17 opening files 3-15 opening native files 1-38 opening PSS/Engines Hub files 1-39 Confidential PSS/ADEPT-5 Users Manual Index opening raw data files 1-39 progress view 1-6, 1-14 report preview 1-6, 1-15, 5-9 saving files 2-19 starting 1-5 status bar 1-16 toolbars 1-18 V validation automatic 4-2 user-initiated 4-4 viewing a group 2-9 viewing a load category 2-12 views diagram 1-7 docking 2-24 equipment list 1-9 floating 2-25 hiding 1-7, 2-23 progress list 1-14 report preview 1-15, 5-9 showing 1-7 W workspace creating 3-86 deleting 3-86 restoring last saved 3-85 retrieving 3-85 saving 3-86 Confidential Shaw Power Technologies, Inc IX-7 This page intentionally left blank IX-8 Shaw Power Technologies, Inc Confidential