KẾ HOẠCH ỨNG DỤNG CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN để QUẢN lý HÀNH CHÍNH NHÀ nước e

KẾ HOẠCH ỨNG DỤNG CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN ĐỂ QUẢN LÝ HÀNH CHÍNH NHÀ NƯỚC THE IT APPLICATION PLAN FOR MANAGING ADMINISTRATIVE STATE The real situation of IT application in managing Vietnam’s administration Government office has been assigned the task of researching and implementing the project of computerization of state administration in 1990 by the Council of Ministers To perform this task, in the period from 1991 to 1997, the Government Office has deployed four schemes, including: two projects were funded by the French government (the period of 1991 - 1993 and 1994 - 1996); a scheme was invested by the state budget according to the national IT program (period 1996 - 1998); a wide area network scheme of the Government ,based on the Prime Minister's Decision No 280/TTg on April 29th , 1997 The technical infrastructure created by the four aforementioned schemes in the past ,has made the foundation for the computerization of managing and operating the state administrative agencies in the country; It promotes the formation of information systems,the electronic data repositories; It serves for the direction and administration of the Government, the Prime Minister and government at all levels According to the Work regualtion of the Government issued together with Decree No 11/CP on January 24th , 1998, since 1998, the Government Office has been relagated to manage the wide area network of Government in a unified way ; otherwise it has agreed to direct the work of computerization of state administration within the Government, ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government and local government levels To synchronize with the state administrative reform program for the period of 2013 2010, the Prime Minister decides that the overall scheme of computerizating the state administrative management in the period 2013 - 2015 includes the following main contents and the Government Affairs Office presides, coordinates with ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government and People's Committees at all levels to implement Some overall assessments of the situation of computerizating the state administration in the past In 1990, the Standing Council of Ministers approved the project of IT application and techinical information at the Government Office (Dispatch No 1265/TH on January 24th , 1990 of the Government Office ,informed the decision of Standing Council of Ministers) The mission of the project is to computerize the management information system at the Government Office, to support some equipments, the technology, to train staffs for 10 ministries, 10 key provinces,to prepare the conditions to build the wide- local information network connected to all the ministries, branches and localities At the end of 1993, the Government Office has built the local area networks (LAN) and initialy, applied the modern IT in the direction and administration of the Prime Minister, linked the informations with a number of ministries and People's Committees of some key provinces Although the early IT application in government offices is still inceptive, with the attention and the direction of the Prime Minister, the computerization of state administration in Government Office has put the foundation for the computerization of management and administration in the state administrative agencies After issuing the Resolution No.49/CP on the IT development (August 1993), the Prime Minister has approved the five-year plan (1995-2000) to implement the IT national program In the period of 1996 - 1998, the program has focused about 50% of the budget (160 billion dong)for the target of computerizating the state management information system The first step is to build the technical infrastructure for the computerization of state management and IT application, in the specialized management activities Based on this infrastructure, the state administrative agencies have gradually implemented the information systems, the electronic data repositories for the management and administration of the Prime Minister, the ministries and other government agencies at all levels Until now, the system of local area networks in 61 provinces ,cities directly under the Central Government, and in most of the ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government had been set up This system includes the operational information systems, records management and datastore for research, support the process of executive decision-making The government wide area network is set to link the center information networks in 61 provinces, cities, and nearly 40 key agencies of the Government with the scale of 2,500 workstations, 180 servers across the country and 50 different application programs With the Government's wide area network, the state administrative agencies have made to transfer, receive the multidimensional informations, including the legal normative act system, the regular and irregular reporting systems,and electronic mail…, to ensure the quick, safe and effective direction and administration of the state administrative agencies Along with the construction of the Government's wide area network, six national databases have been developed, including: the national database of finance, social and economic statistics, law, land and resident By the end of 1999, these national database schemes completed the feasibility study In which, two national databases of finance, statistics have data serving well for the direction and administration of the Government The training IT work has been carried out in sync with the construction of information systems in state administrative agencies Tens of thousands of professionals, staffs trained through the basic computer science courses and in fact they used the computer at various levels in their professional work; especially among them, a relatively large rate used IT tools effectively to access and exchange information on the network, had good service for research work to complete assigned tasks At the end of 1997, Vietnam has joined the INTERNET More informations given from the INTERNET network, have contributed informations and datas significantly,it helps for the direction of the Government, the Prime Minister and other state agencies in policy- making However, compared with the goal of computerizating the operating information systems outlined in Resolution No 49/CP August 5th , 1993 of the Government, the actual results achieved are limited The main reason is that the levels of branches, locals not recognize the role of IT in the direction, operating; not combine between IT and the process of administrative reform,not renew the modes of leadership, direction and management; expressed as follows: - About macro operating: the IT national program was invested in 1996 and ended in early 1998 with a budget of 280 billion dong; including the task of computerizing the administrative state with the cost of 160 billion dong In this context, many large items have been approved by the Prime Minister in the overall plan which was not implemented The project of computerizating the state administration of ministries and provinciallevel People's Committees are only made one part The capital investment to computerize 160 billion dong in three years from 1996 to 1998 met only 20 - 25% of the funding needs of the approved schemes of 100 administrative agencies at ministry and province level According to investigation of the Government Office, most of the computerization project are stopped; several agencies have the ability to invest in the target state management computerization, but it is developed in the the own direction of technology; other agencies wait for the guideline of Government’s unit general development The national databases just only meet about 10% of the invested capital demand (30 billion dong) Therefore, the national databases stop at the stage of completion of feasibility testing and deployment, donate funds to continue implementation of the scheme - Based on the information appears: Many ministries,braches consider their management informations as the private informations of departments,they not see them as a national assets or offering inadequate aggregate data to other agencies sufficient information for policy and decision- making Many officials and civil servants in the state apparatus at the central and local level, have a habit of accumulating private informations, when there have the informations under their charge,they not update in the computer network for general use - Datas on computer networks: the system of IT infrastructure has been built in a certain degree, it permits to transfer, receive multi-dimensional information There are many informations generated in the course of administrative activities, but the accumulation of information in electronic form only stops at low level; just some kind of basic informations are accumulated The main reason is that the levels, the departments have not firmly attached to the IT application to handle everyday tasks, not implemented the administrative discipline in updating electronic informations, not reformed administration strong enough to take the computerization system in the operation of the state administrative apparatus - In terms of organizational structure: So far, there is no general provisions on the location, function and task for the unit in charge of “the project of computerizating the state administration in the state agency”; It does not even have ranks, no titles for staff working in IT For this reason, the state administrative agencies not attract the good technical experts, therefore, the acceptance of technology transfer and direct the implementation of the project are very limited; the principles of open system, the general standard of technology and information is not monitored closely - About the financial mechanisms: Since 1998, funding for computerization of state administration transferred to the recurrent budget, because the ministries, branches, localities not enough investment funds to complete the projects, not continue to implement the basic applications in management and administration The basis of the IT infrastructure of the various state administrative agencies, basically, is same as the status of 1998 - Because the communications charge is too high, the ministries,departments which visit much on a wide area network of the Government, have to spend tens of millions dong per month for the north-south communications backbone Office of the People's Committees of localities must also spend millions dong per month for operating a large network Meanwhile,the recurrent budgets of the administrative agencies are limited, leading to many ministries, branches and People's Committees of localities have limited use because of the high cost of network transmission This has restricted the effective use of info network and the effectiveness of management and administration of state agencies - About the skills to use IT network in the routine work of public servants: Despite training, officials and civil servants have not really familiar with working on a computer network (update, coordinate processing, etc.), they mainly with documents and available datas on the network - From the practical implementation of the IT national program in the years of 1996 -1998, on the basis of assessing the achieved results and the shortcomings and weaknesses, it can draw the following lessons: - Firstly, the computerization of state administration is a complex task because it based on high technology and related to function, task, organizational structure and authority of the state administrative agencies , to the process of administrative reform, it requires the high uniformity throughout the state administrative system Therefore, it must have the specialized information technology department which is responsible for coordinating the work computerization - Secondly, this task can not be considered as a simple service, it is the process of creating electronic data information in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the operating work,and it is the key to reform administrative.The computerization process has just started and it will last for years, so it can not put it into the type of work regularly and thus, it needs to apply regulations to ensure funding as for type of work regularly -Thirdly, the investment for this work is too small if compared with the investment in business systems, banking, finance, aviation So it needs to have enough investment to ensure that the systems work together - Fourthly, it needs to attach much importance to computer training for staffs and employees in the state administrative agencies The system’s technology can not have function well if government officials and civil servants, who work in administrative system, not know how to operate the computer and not have the discipline of computer operation - Fifth, it needs to attach much importance to the building of the datastore, especially the national one and the specialized territorial one; it needs to have the system of managing computerization ,to strengthen the supervision and inspection of computerization plan as part of the plan of socio-economic development - Sixth, it must have the measures for the organization, the staff in the computer working unit , in administrative offices based on the unified regulation, because there is no unified organization, the unified system can not be built The content of computerizating the state administration period of 2013 - 2015 3.1 Common goal The overall objective is reflected in the following aspects: building information systems for management of state administrative agencies; at the end 2015, bringing electronic information systems of government into activities - It closes together with the objectives of the State administrative reform program, boosts the modernization of administrative technology,implements to computerize the processes serving the people in the areas of public services, improve the capacity of state administrative agencies that are convenient, fast and high quality - Training IT for staffs, civil servants, creating access to and use of new technology in routine work, in order to meet the high requirements on the efficiency and quality of work 3.2 Specific objectives ● Develop the system of computerizating the state administration management, directly serves for the direction in the system operating Complete and uniform the application of serving management program (e-mail, send and receive electronic documents, records management, personnel management, etc.) ● Build and integrate the national database, firstly in some key ministries (including national database schemes): Planning and Investment Bank ,Trade, Customs, Labor, Justice, Education, Health for general use Computerization of public services in order to improve the capacity of state administrative agencies in serving the people and businesses convenient, fast and quality assurance ● IT training: universalize IT for leaders, professional staffs and administrative bodies above the county level to be able to use computers and computer networks in managing work regularly in accordance with the assigned functions ● Promote the reform of administrative procedures in the field of State management, reform the organizational structure and working style in the state administrative agency under the authority of the Government,based on attaching objective of computerization of state administration with administrative reform program of the Government Investment (period 2013 - 2015) 4.1.The architecture requirements of the state administrative managing computerizating system: The system consists the components: the data information system is relatively independent with the ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government (hereinafter referred to as the Ministry) and the People's Committees of provinces and cities under the Central Government (hereinafter referred to as provinces) The components of the system have the horizontal and vertical relations The horizontal relation is the exchange, sharing specialized informations of each branch The vertical relations is mainly based on the hierarchical structure of authority, state management function in the system of state administrative agencies Based on the info requirments to perform the management tasks within each organization,the computerization should be done from the ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government and the provincial-level People's Committees At the top of each system (the province) it will form an integrated central database under its charge This center which is not a place to update, store the operating datas , is a place to link the database's operational units in each system The center has function of providing, sharing general information,transmissing the oders through the legal documents, the administrative office of the competent administrative authority The center integrates database of each system realation with others according to the type of horizontal relationships through the integrated database center of government Thus, the Integrated database Center will form at the following levels: a) The level of Government: the Integrated database Center located in the wide area network center of the Government (Government Office); b) The level of Department: the Integrated database Center located in the ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government; c) The level of Province: : the Integrated database Center located in the Office of People's Councils and People's Committees of provinces The Integrated database Center of government has the functions and tasks linking databases of ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government, the provincial-level People's Committees, sharing general information between these units, in order to serve the direction and administration of the Prime Minister and the State and province administrative agencies The Integrated database Center of government also provides common communications between ministries, branches and provincial-level People's Committee through the Government's wide area network The Integrated database Center of department links the database of the Ministry, including the businesses unit under the vertical direction in the People's Committees of the localities; provide and share informations between the units in the Ministry and the People's Committees through the Integrated database Center of government The Integrated database Center of province has the function of linking the operating database of departments, branches, districts, towns and provincial cities and communes in the province, sharing information for the direction and administration of the provincial-level People's Committee presidents and other units in the province The Integrated database Center of province also provides common communication infrastructure among the departments, branches, districts, towns and provincial cities, communes, wards through the province's wide area network On the basis of above analyzing the system of computerization of state administration will prioritize investment in the Central database integration, support communication axis horizontal links between the Ministry, the People's Committees provincial level 4.2 Government's wide area network The wide area network of government is built with Decision No 280/TTG April 29 th , 1997 of the Prime Minister, is designed and built according to the hierarchical architecture of the state administrative agencies and is divided according to the following levels: - Level A: The level of Government, - Level B: The level of ministry, province, - Level C: The level of departments, branches, districts, and units of the Ministry - Level D: The level of commune In A and B level, they will form the integrated database center The administrative units of Ministry and province level will link together through the Government's wide area network, through network centers located in government offices The provincial-level administrative units will contact each other through the wide area network center of the province located in the Office of the People's Council, People's Committee of the province The units under departments, provinces, branches contact through a wide-area network of provinces and government (illustrated in the below diagram) PA (Government) PB(Ministry, branch) PC(Bureau,department, equivalent unit) PB( Province people’s council) PC(Office) PD(Commune,ward, town,…) PC(District ) The architecture diagram of the wide-area network of government level The administrative units of Ministry and province level will link together through the Government's wide area network, through network centers located in government offices The provincial-level administrative units will contact each other through the wide area network center of the province located in the Office of the People's Council, People's Committee of the province The units under departments, provinces, branches contact through a wide-area network of provinces and government (illustrated in the below diagram) CPNNET The network intergration center of Ministry The network intergration center of Province Department, office, branch… The diagram associated department,office,branch to ministry,branch through CPNNET The Government's wide area network (called CPNET state) has been designed in architecture of the state management computerization system, including: - A north-south communication axis with the speed of 64 KB type X25, - 35 ISDN lines connecting 35 the ministry units to the Government’s Office - Connect 61 Offices of the People's Council, the provincial-level of People's Committees with CPNET network; many provincial People's Committees have expanded Government’s network down to the agencies of departments, districts, communes, wards Thus, CPNET network has been the technical infrastructure of the computerized system of state management in new investment phase 4.3 Investment estimation 4.3.1.The investment requirements: 10 The investment of “building the system of computerization of state administration” must comply with the principle objective of building information data; informatics tool is an important means to achieve the objective Before deciding to invest, it should clearly identify: What the information data is, how much the volume of information will have to manage, who managed and how the management is, and the aim of serving and the readiness of administrative agencies participating in the system; the coherence degree of the computerized information system with the administrative reform process of the unit; it just buys the system devices after deciding the aim and the volume of information needs to build The implemention of the computerlization in the state administrative agencies must comply with the principle of unity network technologies (according to the standards of the Government's wide-area network) and the application of common use in the executive the State under the professional guidance of the Government Office It needs to pilot the exploitation in some ministries and provincial-level People's Committees, to provide technology solutions and common programs to the entire system of state administrative agencies The construction of info system has to ensure the sharing and unit info resource on the network of ministry,province and the government’s wide area network, it avoids losing the local information The investment of expanding network depends on the conditions ,including: the staffs operating the computer, the exploitation need and the information serving for management and administration - The investment has to implement, based on the spirit of saving, maximum use of the equipment, engineering, information resources which have been invested in the previous period 4.3.2.The decentralized investment + The level of Government:Government invests in the main items such as: - The data integration center of the Government, the national databases,the transmission axis , the transmission of data from the Data Integration Center of government, to the Data Integration Center of ministries and provinces 11 It invests some basic items under the scheme of computerization of ministries and provincial-level People's Committees, to unify technology and applications + Level of ministries, provinces: The ministries, branches and People's Committees invest to expand the network Center and other databases depending on the ability of funds, staff and the magnitude of the information systems in each of agencies It invests to expand the computerization of public administrative services on the basis of the Government's initial investment 4.3.3 Funding Total cost of the project will be synthesized from the funding of the project of computerizating the state administration of ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government and People's Committees of provinces and cities centrally The funding from the central budget investing for the main items of the system, includes the integrated data center at all levels The government, ministerial or provincial level; the national databases ; the trunk wide-area communication network of the Government and a number of other basic components are expected no less than 1.000 billion dong for the period 2013 - 2015 The performance of organization 5.1 Computerization of state administration Computerization of state administration must be held in the state administrative agencies synchronously;It based on the existing administrative apparatus of ministries and provinces, to organize the project The organization is divided into the following levels: a) The general direction: Government offices will coordinate with several related agencies: Organizations to coordinate and guide the development and implementation of the computerization scheme of state administration in the ministries, branches and provincial-level People's Committees The coordinating the project of computerization of state administration has an interministerial and inter-provincial 12 Identify the national level of administrative information - Develop the security system for computer network of the state administrative system - Integrate the national database, including the database of the national target program on a wide area network of the Government, to provide information for the state administrative agencies, others studied objectives Preside over drafting, refering, promulgating the legal documents, to ensure the legal basis for the exchange and exploitation of electronic information on the expanded information of the Government b) Level of Ministry: - Analyze the need of Ministry’s computerization,build the project of management computerization of state administration Urge and inspect the implementation of computerization within the scheme of the Ministry - Construction and storage of electronic information under its jurisdiction - Apply standard of information and protection of information c) Provincial level: Provincial-level People's Committee is the governing body of investment; People's Council Office, the provincial-level People's Committees are investors, responsible for: - Analysis of the need for computerization of the provinces, develop a project of computerization of state administration of the province; - Supervise and inspect the implementation of the computerization projects in the province; - Build and and save the electronic information under its jurisdiction; - Apply standard of information and protect information; - Actively coordinate with the national target program on the same area, in order to implement the scheme on computerization of provinces’s state administration economically and efficiently 5.2 The organizational structure: 13 a Strengthen the organization of the computing units in the state administrative agencies: - Ministries, branches have to establish an information technology center under the Ministry, to lead the development and implementation of the computerization scheme of state administration, to serve the management and administration of the Minister - People's Committees of provinces and cities under the central,establish the computer center under the Office of the People's Council, the provincial-level People's Committees ,to lead the development and implementation of the computerization project of state administration management,to serve the management and administration of the provincial-level People's Committee presidents b Establish the governing body of state administrative management computerization scheme in the period 2001 - 2005, hosted by the Government Office with the participation of representatives of the following agencies: - The governing body – Government’s offices, - Ministry of Planning and Investment, - Ministry of Finance, - Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment The governing body is responsible to the Prime Minister on the implementation of the computerization project administration for the period 2001 - 2005 was approved by the Prime Minister 5.3 The policies and implementation measures: a) Create a source of information and standardized information Government Office shall, together with the General Department of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Investment, the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment issued the regulations on information standards for operating activities The ministries,branches publish the specialized information standards It has the encourged policy to create information resources, builds electronic database stores b) Exchange of information and confidentiality Government Office shall coordinate with the Ministry of Justice, shall issue regulations for the exploitation and exchange of electronic information between state administrative agencies, between state, business people with international; while 14 ensuring property rights and confidential information of the State, the socio-economic organization and the individual c)The policy support and raise funds for developing the expanded information managemen systems The State encourages all economic sectors to invest in IT applications to build and expand the State's computerized system The collection of fees for public administrative services to invest for the system Encourage investment in computerization to provide and disseminate legal information, economic, and social information about the activities of state administrative agencies to the public d) Policy on the use of data transmission telecommunications network State has policies of telecommunications charges for operating and management activities in the state administrative agencies and activities to disseminate information to the public and business law e) procurement policies and products of information technology services All procurement plan for computerization of state administration must based on the bidding and contract under the guidance of the Ministry of Finance and the Office of the Government The procurement organization can organize by the focus way to reduce procurement costs and prices of products and services; while ensuring the right choice of technology and quality 5.4.The implementation schedule: a Preparation phase (in 2001): From August 2001 to December 2001, the ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government and People's Committees of provinces and cities under the Centrel build the computerization project of state administration accroding to the guidance of the Government Office, for submission to the competent authorities for evaluation and approval of the Scheme before December 2001 Government Office, the Ministry of Finance needs to have specific guiding about the financial technology to the ministries, branches and localities to build the feasible project b The implementation phase: 15 From January 2002, it starts to develop the project of computerization state management The ministries, branches and provincial-level People's Committee based on the approved scheme, implement the computerization of work A number of measures aimed at increasing the use of IT in the state administration management 6.1 The solution about the human -The role of the leader The determination of the leadership means having a profound interest in the application of IT in their units The investment of time: review and approval, often discuss in the briefings The investment of funds, it always give for IT the annual budget The preparation of resources: Recruitment, appointment and training of IT staffs in charge, it needs to assign for the rights and corresponding obligations Bringing IT applications in the assessment criteria reward last year - Goal-Planning- Period No Goals – Planning- Roadmap,it can not evaluate the effectiveness of the project IT application is a process => it needs to have the overall plans and short-term projects The plan needs to help them visualize: When they will achieve something? Which resources we must be prepared to invest? What the advantages and disadvantages are? It needs to consider and assess each project, quarter or year - Building E-Officials , E-citizen Electronic officials: It is one of the cornerstones of e-government The public servants must be fully trained in the new processes work, how to use new tools and new working style Progress of putting the application has to sync with the progress of e-training of civil servants 16 E-citizens: E-government can only serve e-citizens well The rate of computer linking with internet / population on a raise 6.2.The technical solutions * Start with easy projects and key ones The initial successful of IT application will enable us continue to computerize other areas Field selection is easier, for example:the good data base, the process is relatively clear No application for an outdated process The units, individuals should be encouraged to contribute to the success of IT project Create the faith in the hearts of the staff on the effectiveness of the IT application in daily work * Connection between IT staffs and state management officials Between IT staffs and state management officials always have the gap in many ways Detect the individual having state administrative professional and knowledgeable of IT ,make them to participate in the process of deploying IT applications Foster the state management officials to have the basic knowledge of IT If it does not have the staff with fully capacities, the leaders must engage directly in a number of important stages of the project such as: identify the requirements, design approval and acceptance 17 TABLE OF CONTENTS The real situation of IT application in managing Vietnam’s administration Some overall assessments of the situation of computerizating the state administration in the past The content of computerizating the state administration period of 2013 – 2015 3.1 Common goal 3.2 Specific objectives Investment (period 2013 - 2015) 4.1.The architecture requirements of the state administrative managing computerizating system 4.2 Government's wide area network 11 4.3 Investment estimation 13 4.3.1.The investment requirements 13 4.3.2.The decentralized investment 14 4.3.3 Funding 15 18 The performance of organization 15 5.1 Computerization of state administration 15 5.2 The organizational structure 17 5.3 The policies and implementation measures 18 5.4.The implementation schedule 19 A number of measures aimed at increasing the use of IT in the state administration management 19 6.1 The solution about the human 19 6.2.The technical solutions 21 TABLE OF CONTENTS 22 19 20 ... wide area network center of the Government (Government Office); b) The level of Department: the Integrated database Center located in the ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies... ministries, ministerial-level agencies, the agencies attached to the Government (hereinafter referred to as the Ministry) and the People's Committees of provinces and cities under the Central Government... the integrated database center of government Thus, the Integrated database Center will form at the following levels: a) The level of Government: the Integrated database Center located in the